US3851024A - Reinforced concrete construction method - Google Patents

Reinforced concrete construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3851024A
US3851024A US00241517A US24151772A US3851024A US 3851024 A US3851024 A US 3851024A US 00241517 A US00241517 A US 00241517A US 24151772 A US24151772 A US 24151772A US 3851024 A US3851024 A US 3851024A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
truss
reinforcement
members
form members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00241517A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Cull
N Abdallah
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Property Investments Ltd
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International Property Investments Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB2088070A priority Critical patent/GB1314876A/en
Priority to NL707006835A priority patent/NL151763B/nl
Priority to DE19702022965 priority patent/DE2022965A1/de
Priority to FR7017429A priority patent/FR2042608A1/fr
Application filed by International Property Investments Ltd filed Critical International Property Investments Ltd
Priority to US00241517A priority patent/US3851024A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3851024A publication Critical patent/US3851024A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/165—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with elongated load-supporting parts, cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B1/3505—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by the in situ moulding of large parts of a structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49623—Static structure, e.g., a building component
    • Y10T29/49632—Metal reinforcement member for nonmetallic, e.g., concrete, structural element

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a novel method of erecting structures.
  • the structural elements used in structures are those elements which are responsible for transmitting their own dead load and other imposed loads to the ground.
  • the sum total of all structural elements is referred to as the structure. Structures are identified by the material contained in these elements and by the treatment the material receives prior to, or after its use in the structural elements.
  • the present invention comprises a method of building construction using reinforced concrete, which method obviates the need for temporary supporting formwork for the poured concrete, wherein use is made in the vertical and/or horizontal structural members and/or the floors, of reinforcing steel members sufiiciently strong to at least support the wet concrete of the respective memher or the floor, the method' including the steps of placing the reinforcing steel in position, pouring the concrete to form the structural member and waiting for the progressive strengthening with time of the concrete before adding further members.
  • the present invention comprises a method of erecting structures which integrates the advantages of known methods using in situ reinforced concrete, where mem- "ice hers are built up gradually into their final form by placmg various materials in logical steps, in such a way that at any step members are self supporting, and contributing to their maximum capacity, including the concrete with its progressive gain in strength, generally without the need of temporary formwork and support.
  • use is made in the vertical and/or horizontal members and/or the floor, of reinforcing steel members sufficiently strong to at least support the wet concrete of the respective member or the floor.
  • the method includes the steps of placing the primary reinforcing steel members in position, pouring the concrete to form the primary structural member and, following its progressive strengthening with time, in the same manner positioning secondary members to the respective floor, primary members to the floor above and so on with tertiary members if required until the structure, including floors is complete.
  • the invention in one general form is a method of constructing a reinforced concrete structural member in which only suificient active material is provided initially to carry the loads applied during some subsequent construction stages, further material is added and activated step by step to carry additional loads and at least some material acts in a final load carrying capacity from the start.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a typical building floor showing columns, primary beams each supported at its ends on columns and secondary joists, each supported at its ends on the beams,
  • FIG. 2 is a section on the line 2P2 of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a section on the line 33 of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation of a primary beam showing also its junction with a secondary joist
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevation near one end of the primary beam
  • FIG. 6 is a typical vertical section through a secondary joist
  • FIG. 7 is a side elevation of portion of a secondary joist near its junction with a primary beam
  • FIG. 8 is a vertical section through two adjacent secondary joists and an associated slab
  • FIG. '9 is a detail in perspective of a beam and joist junction before pouring of concrete
  • FIG. 10 is a typical horizontal section through a column casing and
  • FIG. 11 shows a junction between two parts of a column before completion of the column.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show the complete floor comprising columns, primary beams, secondary joists and a slab.
  • the principal components of the primary beam A shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are a steel truss together with concrete poured around the truss.
  • the truss shown has a top chord comprising spaced angles 13, a bottom chord consisting of four rods 14 and rods 15 comprising the truss web.
  • the upper chord may have cross bracing, not shown, in the horizontal plane and the lower chord may be similarly braced.
  • Vertical cross braces 16 may also be provided. All the components are secured together as by welding into a rigid structure.
  • Each end of each primary truss is supported on an adjacent column (FIGS. 10, 11) by means of haunches 19 on the column having upright pins 20, each adapted to locate between the rods 14 of the primary beam.
  • Each pin 20 extends through a hole in a plate 21 (FIG. 5) secured to the underside of each pair of rods 14.
  • the columns are not filled with concrete and the primary trusses are designed so that, when supported as described in their final position in the structure, they are sufficiently strong to carry their own dead weight and all loads applied to them during the planned sequence of construction of the building.
  • These loads would include, for example, the dead load of the joists and the live loads, for example, the weight of workmen and construction equipment.
  • FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9 A typical truss for a secondary joist B is shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9.
  • the top chord comprises two spaced parallel steel rods 25 to which are welded at intervals short rods 26.
  • the bottom chord comprises two similar rods 27 to which are attached at intervals short rods 28.
  • the web comprises a rod 29 bent at its junction with the upper chord around the rods 26 and at its junction with the lower chord around the rods 28.
  • Soffit forms 39 which will usually be inverted U-section pans of plastic, sheet metal or other suitable material, extend between one secondary joist and the next. These are temporarily retained in position by means of pans 31 suspended from the truss by bolts 32 spaced along the length of the truss. Blocks 33 and 33A spaced along the truss separate the pan 31 from the lower chord rods 27 and receive the bolts 32.
  • Each pan 13 is adapted to receive flanges 35 of the forms 30.
  • Soffit forms 30A (FIG. 9) similar in function to the forms 30 are suspended from the primary trusses in a way similar to the suspension of the pans 31 or in any other suitable way.
  • An angle or end plate 27A is secured across the ends of the rods 27.
  • the design of the primary and secondary trusses is such that no props are required to support the pans 31 or the soflits 30A.
  • the trusses are designed to carry their own dead weight, the concrete within them and any other loads applied to them up to the point where the concrete has set.
  • Suitable reinforcing mesh 38 is supported on the upper chord rod 25 of the secondary trusses, initially to act as a walking surface for ready access to the slab, secondly, when tied to the upper chords of the secondary trusses to act as top chord bracing to restrain the trusses from buckling when the wet concrete is placed to the ribbed slab and finally to act as slab reinforcement when the concrete is set.
  • the column such as 11 is normally a vertical or near vertical member and its primary function is to carry axial loads. In the context of most multistorey buildings the column is a vertical member, as distinct from a beam which is a horizontal member.
  • the reinforcing steel is placed and secured in position, the formwork is erected around the reinforcement and the concrete is poured.
  • the concrete in the column is given time to set and gain strength before it is loaded.
  • the column casing is a reinforced concrete skin with thickened parts, specially designed and reinforced to carry a specified load.
  • the reinforcement at this stage includes conventional required components such as rods and stirrups. Some of the reinforcement such as rods 44 and stirrups 45 is set in the concrete of the casing but protrudes into the space 46 which will later be filled with concrete.
  • the column casing alone is itself a complete reinforced concrete structural element in a form adapted to be supported in its final position in the whole structure and sutficiently strong and stiff to support during construction without supports its own weight, any necessary attached formwork, the remaining part of the reinforcement for the element, the wet concrete to complete the element, and loads applied to it during construction including loads from other structural elements e.g. loads imposed by supported floors.
  • the tribuary loads to the column casing need not be restricted to loads imposed by one floor only. Depending on the speed of construction, the column casing might be called upon to carry loads imposed by several floors. In all cases the column casing is suitably designed to carry, on its own, or alternatively with help of some or all of the previously poured concrete in the casing which has acquired some strength, all the loads tributary to the columns to all stages of construction and loading.
  • the mechanism shown as screws 39 and 40 in FIG. 11 is for properly locating the lower end of an upper column part 11A in relation to the upper end of a lower column part 11B.
  • concrete can be poured so as to fill the hollow portion of 11A and to overflow into the space adjacent the ends 11A and 11B. Loss of concrete from the space is prevented by a sealing ring 41.
  • the sequence of construction operations is as follows.
  • the precast hollow concrete columns 11 are located in their final positions, both in respect of the lower most column part and the location of an upper column part such as 11A in relation to the one below it, 11B.
  • Each primary truss is supported at each end on a column haunch as described above.
  • Each end of each joist truss is supported on a primary truss as described before.
  • Mesh reinforcement such as 38 or any other suitable slab reinforcement is supported on the upper chords of the joist trusses.
  • the soffit forms 30A are suspended from the primary trusses. Soflit forms 30 on the ends of the joist trusses and adjacent to the junctions with the primary trusses may also be placed in position.
  • reinforced concrete where used in the specification and claims is intended to include both conventionally reinforced concrete and also prestressed concrete.
  • active material means material which is able to carry load at all times and becomes part of the final structure.
  • the trusses for the primary beams and secondary joists and the column casings are examples of active material.
  • Inactive material is material which does not carry load until after a time lag and which then become active e.g. by cooperation with other material.
  • the reinforcement of the primary and secondary beams, other than the trusses, and the wet concrete are examples of inactive material.
  • the concrete bonds both the active and inactive reinforcement to provide reinforced concrete action and progressively provides additional strength as the concrete develops strength.
  • Advantage is taken of the progressive development of strength in each element of the structure to allow the superimposing of additional vertical and horizontal elements and/or material as the required strength is attained.
  • a staged method of constructing a monolithic reinforced concrete multi story structure comprising:
  • step (2) forming as in step (2), the first part of the reinforcement bars as trusses for secondary joists,
  • a staged method of constructing a monolithic multi story reinforced concrete structure comprising at least one primary and at least one secondary stage, the primary stage comprising the steps of:
  • step (2) forming as in step (2) the first part of the reinforcement bars for secondary joists
  • a method as claimed in claim 2 comprising pouring the concrete for the column and beam members in the primary stage in separate steps.
  • a method as claimed in claim 2 comprising pouring the concrete for the joists and slab in the secondary stage in separate steps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
US00241517A 1969-05-13 1972-04-06 Reinforced concrete construction method Expired - Lifetime US3851024A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2088070A GB1314876A (en) 1969-05-13 1970-04-30 Reinforced concrete construction
NL707006835A NL151763B (nl) 1969-05-13 1970-05-12 Werkwijze voor het in opvolgende stadia bouwen van een betonnen gebouw en gebouw vervaardigd met deze werkwijze.
DE19702022965 DE2022965A1 (de) 1969-05-13 1970-05-12 Stahlbetonaufbau
FR7017429A FR2042608A1 (nl) 1969-05-13 1970-05-13
US00241517A US3851024A (en) 1969-05-13 1972-04-06 Reinforced concrete construction method

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU5489369 1969-05-13
US3497570A 1970-05-06 1970-05-06
US00241517A US3851024A (en) 1969-05-13 1972-04-06 Reinforced concrete construction method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3851024A true US3851024A (en) 1974-11-26

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ID=27154952

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00241517A Expired - Lifetime US3851024A (en) 1969-05-13 1972-04-06 Reinforced concrete construction method

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3851024A (nl)
DE (1) DE2022965A1 (nl)
FR (1) FR2042608A1 (nl)
GB (1) GB1314876A (nl)
NL (1) NL151763B (nl)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4612751A (en) * 1985-07-09 1986-09-23 Dur-O-Wal, Inc. Dapped end reinforcement assembly for precast prestressed concrete members
US20080245022A1 (en) * 2005-01-29 2008-10-09 Choi Chong-Hak Framework System For Truss Deck Using Construction Mold Assembly
US20110126484A1 (en) * 2009-01-20 2011-06-02 Skidmore Owings & Merrill Llp Precast wall panels and method of erecting a high-rise building using the panels
WO2019051538A1 (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-21 Iavilaer Pty Ltd CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF BUILDING
EA038868B1 (ru) * 2018-05-10 2021-10-29 Иавилаер Пти Лтд Способ строительства здания

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19826127A1 (de) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-16 Ioannis Vagias Betondecke für den Hochbau und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
CN113026950B (zh) * 2021-03-19 2023-06-09 北京城建集团有限责任公司 一种钢结构先行与核心筒混凝土分离施工方法

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4612751A (en) * 1985-07-09 1986-09-23 Dur-O-Wal, Inc. Dapped end reinforcement assembly for precast prestressed concrete members
US20080245022A1 (en) * 2005-01-29 2008-10-09 Choi Chong-Hak Framework System For Truss Deck Using Construction Mold Assembly
US20110126484A1 (en) * 2009-01-20 2011-06-02 Skidmore Owings & Merrill Llp Precast wall panels and method of erecting a high-rise building using the panels
US8631616B2 (en) 2009-01-20 2014-01-21 Skidmore Owings & Merrill Llp Precast wall panels and method of erecting a high-rise building using the panels
US11680401B2 (en) 2009-01-20 2023-06-20 Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Llp Precast wall panels and method of erecting a high-rise building using the panels
WO2012109293A1 (en) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-16 Skidmore Owings & Merrill Llp Precast wall panels and method of erecting a high-rise building using the panels
WO2019051538A1 (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-21 Iavilaer Pty Ltd CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF BUILDING
US10822786B2 (en) 2017-09-12 2020-11-03 Iavilaer Proprietary Limited Building construction method
EA038868B1 (ru) * 2018-05-10 2021-10-29 Иавилаер Пти Лтд Способ строительства здания

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1314876A (en) 1973-04-26
NL7006835A (nl) 1970-11-17
FR2042608A1 (nl) 1971-02-12
DE2022965A1 (de) 1970-11-19
NL151763B (nl) 1976-12-15

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