US3844098A - Apparatus and method for the manufacture of twisted and plied yarn - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for the manufacture of twisted and plied yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3844098A
US3844098A US00348818A US34881873A US3844098A US 3844098 A US3844098 A US 3844098A US 00348818 A US00348818 A US 00348818A US 34881873 A US34881873 A US 34881873A US 3844098 A US3844098 A US 3844098A
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Prior art keywords
strands
twist
feeding
point
convergence
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00348818A
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English (en)
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D Plate
J Feehan
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/288—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads with same direction of twist, but with an amount of twist varying along the thread

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In a spinning operation in which two strands are fed from separate nip positions and are twisted together into a single ply at a convergence point, twist is incorporated into the single strands by intermittently blocking the twist at a position between the convergence point of the strands and the point of application of the twist.
  • the operation can be performed by a standard spinning frame modified to incorporate a convergence guide and a twist blocking device.
  • This invention relates to the production of textile yarns and in particular to yarns of a multi-ply structure in which at least two individual strands of fibres are combined in such a way that the compound structure contains twist in the individual strands as well as plying twist.
  • the objectives in using multi-ply yarns and twofold yarns in particular, rather than singles yarns is to improve the performance of the yarns in subsequent processes such as weaving and to enhance the properties of the resulting fabrics.
  • This invention aims to produce such a yarn in a single spinning operation.
  • Yarns of the type disclosed herein in which at least two strands are twisted together while incorporating singles twist into each of the strands, are usually intended for weaving into normal fabrics and are preferably uniform in the sense that at any position along the length of the yarn the single strands are wound substantially equally about one another with neither predominating.
  • a particular object of the invention is to provide a simpler and more compact apparatus than that described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,695,019 for the production of yarn of the type disclosed therein.
  • a process for producing a yarn comprising at least two strands plied together, and wherein there is twist in each of the individual strands.
  • the process comprises the steps of separately feeding each strand from a feeding point and converging them at a convergence point, twisting the strands together, and intermittently blocking the twist at a position between the convergence point of the strands and the point of application of the twist.
  • the strands are preferably both fed from a single conventional drafting unit, the feeding points being preferably arranged so that they are symmetrical about a plane passing through the convergence point.
  • the invention also provides apparatus for producing a yarn comprising at least two strands plied together, and wherein there is twist in each individual strand, which apparatus comprises means for separately feeding each strand from a feeding point, convergence means for converging the separate strands, twisting means for applying twist to the converged strands to twist them together, and intermittently operable twist blocking means for effecting intermittent blocking of the twist at a position between the convergence means and the point of application of the twist.
  • One apparatus suitable for application of the invention comprises essentially a standard spinning frame having drafting mechanisms each arranged to deliver a strand through a conventional thread guide, such as a simple pot-eye, to the traveller of a conventional ring spindle.
  • each drafting unit is modified to supply two separate strands to a convergence guide where they are plied together and spun on to the spindle as a two-fold yarn. Without further modification, a yarn of the double-rove type, with only very little randomly occurring strand twist would then be produced. Modification of such an apparatus for operation according to this invention may be carried out as shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevational view of part of a spinning frame modified according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of such an apparatus taken on a line similar to line 2-2 in FIG. 1', and
  • FIG. 3 is a somewhat exaggerated diagrammatic view of a yarn according to this invention.
  • the spinning frame includes any conventional drafting secion, such as the double apron systems shown in FIG. 1, including front drafting rollers 2, which draft a pair of strands 3,3 and feeds them through pot-eye 4 to a cap or ring spinning spindle 6.
  • the apparatus is a conventional apparatus.
  • the apparatus is modified by providing a convergence guide 12 at the point Y and, at a point between the pot-eye 4 and the convergence guide 12, a pair of rollers 7, 8 arranged to be rotated at a peripheral speed substantially equal to the delivery speed of the yarn and to provide an intermittent nip between them.
  • One of the rollers 7 is a plain roller whilst the other roller 8 has a section 11 cut out from one side over part of its length and positioned such that the yarn will pass through it.
  • the convergence guide 12 is located at approximately the position which would be occupied by the natural convergence of the strands if the rollers 7,8 were not operative and may typically be of the order of 3 cm. from the points at which the strands are nipped by the front drafting rollers.
  • the strands 3,3 are drafted by the front drafting rollers 2 of the drafting mechanism, and fed to the convergence guide 12, the roller pair 7,8 the poteye" 4, on to the spindle 6.
  • the spinning parameters are chosen such that with the rollers 7,8 inoperative and the yarn passing through the relieved section 11 on the roller 8, the natural convergence point of the yarns would be at or about the convergence guide 12.
  • the rollers 7 and 8 rotating, the nipping together of the two rollers over the unrelieved section of the roller 8 causes a twist block to be inserted between the spindle and the convergence guide 12. This periodically blocks the application of twist along the converged strands to the point Y.
  • the application of twist to the individual strands at the point Y is periodically varied, and we have discovered that this periodic variation of the application of twist to the strands at the convergence point causes cyclically varying twist to be inserted into the single strands passing through the point Y and causes the resultant ply to have cyclically varying unidirectional twist.
  • the resultant yarn is illustrated in FIG. 3. It will be seen that there are cyclically recurring regions A, B in the plied structure in which the twist in the ply is respectively high and low. It will be observed also that in the regions A, of high twist, the twist in the individual strands is opposite to that in the ply and in the regions B, of low twist, the strand twist is of the same direction as that of the ply.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Two 390 tex Rovings of 22 micron wool with a mean fibre length of 65 mm. were drafted on one double apron drafting unit to produce two strands of 18/5 tex each. The separation of the strands was 18 mm. and they were combined at a convergence guide 12 situated 28 mm. below the nip of the front drafting rollers 2. From the convergence guide the combined strands passed through the intermittent twist-blocking rollers 7 and 8, then via a pot-eye 4 to a conventional ringspindle with a ring diameter of 55 mm. The nip line of the twist blocking rollers was 80 mm. from the front roller nip and the diameter of the relieved roller was 32 mm. with one-half of the circumference of the roller relieved. A twist of 650 tpm was inserted at a spindle speed of 9,000 R.P.M. and 2.5 spinning breaks were recorded per 100 spindle hours.
  • the yarns were then steamed and cleared and without further treatment warped and woven on a Saurer Loom.
  • the weave was 2 X 2 hopsack and 2/2 twill stripe with 29.1 ends per cm. and 27.2 picks per cm. 0.22 weaving breaks per 1,000 ends per 10,000 picks were recorded.
  • the yarns contained an average strand twist of 4.5 turns per /&-cycle length being cm.
  • the coefficient of variation of eveness of the yarn was 16.1 percent and the tenacity was 6.98 gf/tex.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Two 390 tex rovings of 22 micron wool with a mean fibre length of mm. were drafted on one double apron drafting unit to produce two strands of 29 tex each. The separation of the strands was 18 mm. and they were combined at a convergence guide 12 situated 30 mm. below the nip of the front drafting rollers. From the convergence guide the combined strands passed through the intermittent twist blocking rollers 7 and 8 then via a pot-eye to a conventional ring spindle with a ring diameter of 55 mm. The nip line of the twist blocking rollers was mm. from the front roller nip and the diameter of the relieved roller was 32 mm. with one-half of the circumference of the roller relieved. A twist of 510 tpm was inserted at a spindle speed of 9,000 R.P.M. and 1.6 spinning breaks per spindle hours were recorded.
  • the yarns were then steamed and cleared and without further treatment used for the warp in the porduction of a Barathea fabric. Weaving performance and fabric properties were comparable to those obtained with conventional two fold yarns.
  • the yarns contained an average twist of three turns per one-half cycle, the cycle length being 10 cm.
  • the coefficient of variation of eveness of the yarns was 13.9 percent and the tenacity was 7.56 gf/tex.
  • a process for producing a yarn comprising at least two strands plied together, and wherein there is twist in each individual strand, which process comprises the steps of separately feeding each strand from a feeding point, converging the strands at a convergence point, twisting the strands together, and intermittently blocking the twist at a position between the convergence point of the strands and the point of application of the twist.
  • a process for producing a yam comprising at least two strands plied together, and wherein there is twist in each individual strand, which process comprises the steps of separately feeding each strand from a feeding point, twisting the strands together, and, at a position between the convergence point of the strands and the point of application of the twist, intermittently nipping the converged strands between two co-operating nipping members said feeding points being arranged so that the strands are disposed symmetrically about a plane passing through the convergence point.
  • Apparatus for producing a yarn comprising at least two strands plied together and wherein there is twist in each individual strand which apparatus comprises means for separately feeding each strand from a feeding point, convergence means for converging the separate strands, twisting means for applying twist to the converged strands to twist them together, and intermittently operable twist blocking means for effecting intermittent blocking of the twist at a position between the convergence means and the point of application of the twist.
  • twist blocking means comprises a pair of co-operating nipping members arranged to intermittently nip the converged strands therebetween.
  • nipping members comprise a pair of rollers arranged to form a nip between them, at least one of said rollers having a relieved portion on its circumference such that on rotation of the rollers the nipping of twisted strands is rendered intermittent by said relieved portron.
  • Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the rates of feeding of the strands from their respective feeding points are substantially equal.
  • Apparatus for producing a yarn comprising at least two strands plied together and wherein there is twist in each individual strand which apparatus comprises means for separately feeding each strand from a feeding point, convergence means for converging the separate strands, twisting means for applying twist to the converged strands to twist them together, and, at a position between the convergence means and the point of application of the twist, a pair of co-operating nipping members arranged to intermittently nip the converged strands therebetween, the means for feeding each strand being so arranged that the strands are disposed symmetrically about a plane passing through the convergence point.
  • nipping members comprise a pair of rollers arranged to form a nip between them, at least one of said rollers having a relieved portion on its circumference such that on rotation of the rollers the nipping of twisted strands is rendered intermittent by said relieved portron.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US00348818A 1972-04-12 1973-04-06 Apparatus and method for the manufacture of twisted and plied yarn Expired - Lifetime US3844098A (en)

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AUPA858372 1972-04-12

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US3844098A true US3844098A (en) 1974-10-29

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US (1) US3844098A (cs)
JP (1) JPS5749661B2 (cs)
BE (1) BE798004A (cs)
BR (1) BR7302660D0 (cs)
CA (1) CA973027A (cs)
CH (1) CH556407A (cs)
CS (1) CS171662B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE2317261C3 (cs)
ES (2) ES413578A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1377925A (cs)
HK (1) HK55077A (cs)
IL (1) IL41906A (cs)
IT (1) IT981926B (cs)
NL (1) NL173076C (cs)
SE (1) SE395482B (cs)
SU (2) SU629893A3 (cs)
ZA (1) ZA732228B (cs)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414800A (en) * 1980-04-01 1983-11-15 Toray Industries, Inc. Twisted yarn and method of producing the same
US4495761A (en) * 1978-07-10 1985-01-29 Toray Industries, Inc. Multicolored yarn and method
US4662164A (en) * 1985-12-26 1987-05-05 Burlington Industries, Inc. Separation, and phasing of sheath sliver around a core
US5237806A (en) * 1991-03-29 1993-08-24 Spindelfabrik Sussen, Schurr, Stahlecker & Grill Gmbh Spinning machine having a belt conveyor with tension inserts
US5311730A (en) * 1991-07-18 1994-05-17 Fritz Stahlecker Spinning machine with drivable transport belts and stationary guiding belts for slivers
US5311731A (en) * 1991-06-08 1994-05-17 Fritz Stahlecker Spinning machine
US5359841A (en) * 1990-12-21 1994-11-01 Fritz Stahlecker Spinning machine
US20110143118A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-06-16 Loro Piana S.p.A Fabric obtained by working yarn resulting from the twisting of animal fibres twisted with a strand of silk

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2508939A1 (fr) * 1981-07-02 1983-01-07 Saint Andre Filature Cylindre entaille, pour machines de filature-retordage sur broche tubulaire et machines, notamment pour la fabrication de fils fantaisie, en comportant l'utilisation
CN102433632A (zh) * 2011-10-20 2012-05-02 浙江新澳纺织股份有限公司 新型毛纱加工方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US386623A (en) * 1888-07-24 Feed rollers fob making fancy tarns
US2948931A (en) * 1957-11-07 1960-08-16 American Viscose Corp Thick and thin yarn producing apparatus
US3144747A (en) * 1959-05-05 1964-08-18 Celanese Corp Apparatus for producing a composite novelty slub yarn
US3176351A (en) * 1963-09-06 1965-04-06 Collins & Aikman Corp Apparatus for producing composite yarn
US3394538A (en) * 1966-01-14 1968-07-30 Celanese Corp Spun yarn
US3415048A (en) * 1965-04-07 1968-12-10 Rhodiaceta Ag Process for producing alternating twist
US3695019A (en) * 1969-06-17 1972-10-03 James Lappage Method and apparatus for forming yarn

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE137422C (cs) *
DE205737C (cs) *
DE212863C (cs) *
DE44538C (de) * TH. A. BOYD in Shettleston, Schott Zwirnmaschine für gemusterte Gezwirne
DE260977C (cs) *
DE198620C (cs) *
US2061498A (en) * 1935-05-18 1936-11-17 Collins & Aikman Corp Method and means for producing ply yarn
DE848617C (de) * 1947-11-19 1952-09-04 Rieter Joh Jacob & Cie Ag Verfahren und Streckwerk zum Festigen des Vorgarnes beim Verziehen auf Spinnmaschinen
BE528835A (cs) * 1953-06-26
DE1435728A1 (de) * 1960-10-19 1969-01-23 Glanzstoff Ag Kraeuseln von multifilen Faeden durch Fixieren eines zeitweilig aufgebrachten Dralles
US3456434A (en) * 1966-01-14 1969-07-22 Celanese Corp Spun yarn
DD72714A1 (de) * 1967-11-08 1970-04-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spinnen,Doublieren und Zwirnen von Stapelfasern und/oder Seiden in einem Arbeitsgang
DE1935826A1 (de) * 1969-02-20 1970-09-10 Ver Volkseigener Betr E Baumwo Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spinnen. Doublieren und Zwirnen
DE2033266A1 (de) * 1970-07-04 1972-02-03 Farbwerke Hoechst AG, vorm. Meister Lucius & Brumng, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Garnes mit Zwirncharakter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US386623A (en) * 1888-07-24 Feed rollers fob making fancy tarns
US2948931A (en) * 1957-11-07 1960-08-16 American Viscose Corp Thick and thin yarn producing apparatus
US3144747A (en) * 1959-05-05 1964-08-18 Celanese Corp Apparatus for producing a composite novelty slub yarn
US3176351A (en) * 1963-09-06 1965-04-06 Collins & Aikman Corp Apparatus for producing composite yarn
US3415048A (en) * 1965-04-07 1968-12-10 Rhodiaceta Ag Process for producing alternating twist
US3394538A (en) * 1966-01-14 1968-07-30 Celanese Corp Spun yarn
US3695019A (en) * 1969-06-17 1972-10-03 James Lappage Method and apparatus for forming yarn

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4495761A (en) * 1978-07-10 1985-01-29 Toray Industries, Inc. Multicolored yarn and method
US4414800A (en) * 1980-04-01 1983-11-15 Toray Industries, Inc. Twisted yarn and method of producing the same
US4484436A (en) * 1980-04-01 1984-11-27 Toray Industries, Inc. Process for producing a twisted yarn
US4662164A (en) * 1985-12-26 1987-05-05 Burlington Industries, Inc. Separation, and phasing of sheath sliver around a core
US5359841A (en) * 1990-12-21 1994-11-01 Fritz Stahlecker Spinning machine
US5237806A (en) * 1991-03-29 1993-08-24 Spindelfabrik Sussen, Schurr, Stahlecker & Grill Gmbh Spinning machine having a belt conveyor with tension inserts
US5311731A (en) * 1991-06-08 1994-05-17 Fritz Stahlecker Spinning machine
US5311730A (en) * 1991-07-18 1994-05-17 Fritz Stahlecker Spinning machine with drivable transport belts and stationary guiding belts for slivers
US20110143118A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-06-16 Loro Piana S.p.A Fabric obtained by working yarn resulting from the twisting of animal fibres twisted with a strand of silk

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1377925A (en) 1974-12-18
HK55077A (en) 1977-11-11
ES413578A1 (es) 1976-01-16
DE2317261A1 (de) 1973-10-31
CA973027A (en) 1975-08-19
NL7304839A (cs) 1973-10-16
SU633491A3 (ru) 1978-11-15
SE395482B (sv) 1977-08-15
ZA732228B (en) 1974-03-27
IL41906A0 (en) 1973-05-31
JPS5749661B2 (cs) 1982-10-23
CS171662B2 (cs) 1976-10-29
NL173076C (nl) 1983-12-01
BR7302660D0 (pt) 1974-07-25
ES419365A1 (es) 1976-06-16
BE798004A (fr) 1973-07-31
JPS4925253A (cs) 1974-03-06
IL41906A (en) 1975-12-31
DE2317261B2 (de) 1979-03-01
DE2317261C3 (de) 1984-09-13
CH556407A (de) 1974-11-29
SU629893A3 (ru) 1978-10-25
IT981926B (it) 1974-10-10

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