US3835922A - Heat exchanger for fluent masses - Google Patents

Heat exchanger for fluent masses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835922A
US3835922A US00343406A US34340673A US3835922A US 3835922 A US3835922 A US 3835922A US 00343406 A US00343406 A US 00343406A US 34340673 A US34340673 A US 34340673A US 3835922 A US3835922 A US 3835922A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
heat exchanger
scraper elements
hollow cylinder
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00343406A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Raths
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chocoladefabriken Lindt and Sprungli AG
Original Assignee
Chocoladefabriken Lindt and Sprungli AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chocoladefabriken Lindt and Sprungli AG filed Critical Chocoladefabriken Lindt and Sprungli AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3835922A publication Critical patent/US3835922A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of cocoa or cocoa products
    • A23G1/18—Apparatus for conditioning chocolate masses for moulding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/008—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using scrapers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/076—Heat exchange with scraper for removing product from heat transfer surface
    • Y10S165/081—Rotary heat exchange scraper or scraper for rotary heat exchange surface
    • Y10S165/084—Scraper within annular space formed by concentric cylinders or concentric conical surfaces

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A heat exchanger for flowable or fluent masses or media, comprising a hollow cylinder surrounded by a cooling or heating jacket, and a rotor coaxially arranged with respect to the hollow cylinder, rotatable relative thereto, and bounding together with the hollow cylinder :1 gap.
  • the rotor carries scraper or strip- Mar. 30, 1972 Germany 2215536 per elements cooperating with the heat exchange sur- 52 U.S. Cl.
  • Tltile tplates C111 be resse e astic means against t e eat exc ange UNITED STATES PATENTS Surface of the hollow cylinder so that they bear there- 2,449,012 9/1948 Schley 165/94 X against by means of two parallel lengthwise extending 3,035,420 5/1962 Stoelting et al edges 3,395,419 8/1968 Munlist et a1 3,587,729 6/1971 Eisenmann 165/94 9 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures I E 1 *2 M i w a N m PAIENIED SEP I 71974 mamzz PAYENIED am 71974 sum ear 3 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR FLUENT MASSES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of heat exchanger for fluent or flowable masses or media, comprising a hollow cylinder surrounded by a heat exchange jacket i.e.
  • a cooling or heating jacket and a rotor coaxially arranged with respect to the hollow cylinder and delimiting with respect thereto a gap or annular space, the rotor being rotatable relative to the hollow cylinder, and further being provided with stripper or scraper elements cooperating at the region of the gap with the heat exchange surface of the hollow cylinder for preventing the deposit of particles of the treated media at the surface.
  • This piece of equipment is especially intended for the pre-crystallization treatment of molten chocolate masses which, during a subsequent treatment, should be homogeneously solidified and finely crystallized in a state which is as free of thermal energy as possible, in order to obtain final products possessing a hard crunchy break or fracture characteristic and a protective luster as well as good durability or shelf-life.
  • cooling of the mass in the presence of intimate mechanical admixing by means of which also the heat of fusion (latent heat) must be removed as extensively as possible, and there is brought about crystallization in a crystalline state which is as poor as possible in thermal energy.
  • heat of fusion laminate heat
  • the particles which have crystallized must be prevented from depositing at the heat transfer or exchange surfaces and growing in size beyond a certain magnitude.
  • the objective of the invention starts with this in mind and aims at providing a heat exchanger in which all of the particles of the mass or medium are maintained in an intensified movement and uniformly brought into contact with the heat exchange or transfer surface.
  • the invention provides the scraper elements in the form of plates arranged substantially parallel to tangential planes of the rotor, these plates being radially displaceable guided at the rotor and being urged by elastic means against the heat exchange surface of the hollow cylinder, so that they come to bear thereagainst by means of two lengthwise extending edges.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger designed according to the present invention, taken substantially along the line II of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the heat exchanger depicted in FIG. 1 in cross-sectional view, taken substantially along the line II--II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger depicted in FIG. 1, taken substantially along the line IIIIII thereof;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a detail of the heat exchanger depicted in FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale
  • FIG. 5 is a partial variant of the heat exchanger depicted in FIGS. 1 to 4, and illustrated in cross-sectional view analogous to the showing of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a further partial variant, on an enlarged scale, and in longitudinal sectional view analogous to the upper half of the showing of heat exchanger depicted in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1-4 embodies a housing in the form of a hollow cylinder 1 which is composed of, for instance, three successively arranged double-wall housing sections 1a, 1b and 1c, This housing 1 is closed at each of its ends by means of a suitable closure of cover member 4, only one of which is shown.
  • the hollow cylinder sections la, lb and 1c possess flanges at their respective ends, and by means of these flanges 5 they can be sequentially connected with one another and the cover members 4 by screws 5a or equivalent fastening expedients.
  • Their inner and outer walls 6 and 7 respectively collectively delimit or bound an annular jacket compartment or chamber 8, which by means of infeed and outfeed lines or conduits 2 and 3 respectively can be selectively supplied with a suitable heat exchanger medium, in other words a cooling or heating medium, for instance cold or hot water, in order to remove or introduce, as the case may be, heat from or to an inner surface 9 of the hollow cylinder 1; this inner surface 9 forms the heat exchange surface of the machine.
  • a suitable heat exchanger medium in other words a cooling or heating medium, for instance cold or hot water, in order to remove or introduce, as the case may be, heat from or to an inner surface 9 of the hollow cylinder 1; this inner surface 9 forms the heat exchange surface of the machine.
  • a rotor shaft 10 which can be driven in any suitable and therefore not particularly illustrated manner at a low rotational speed, typically for instance by using a suitable drive motor.
  • This shaft 10 carries a rotor 12 which is of essentially cylindrical configuration, but however is flattened for instance at three locations 11 of its periphery over its entire length.
  • the diameter of the rotor 12 at a cylindrical rotor portion 13 between the flattened portions 11 is somewhat less than that of the enclosing heat exchange surface 9 of the hollow cylinder 1.
  • the rotor jacket surfaces 13 and the heat exchange surface 9 delimit along their entire lengths a rather narrow substantially annular gap or space 14 which is intended to receive a flowable or fluent mass or medium, which has been depicted in the drawings by dot-like points.
  • the substantially plate-shaped scrapers 15 are each guided at two respective plugs or pins 18 secured by means of nuts 19 in recesses 20 of the confronting flattened portion 11 in such a manner that they are located perpendicular to the axis of the associated recess.
  • a respective or spiral spring 21 which surrounds the associated plug or pin 18.
  • each ring member 22 is provided at the same angular spacing from one another and extends somewhat over more than the width of each scraper 15 with a respective recess or intermediate space 25 which extends to a point behind the heat exchange surface 9 of the hollow cylinder 1.
  • each pin 25 is provided with a collar 29 at which engages a pressure spring 30 or equivalent.
  • This spring 30 bears by means of its other end against the floor of a spring housing 31 which is secured to the rotor wall. By means of the collar 29 and the pin member 27 the spring 30 presses the associated scraper 15 against the heat exchange surface 9.
  • each flattened portion 11 of the rotor 12 there is threadably connected or riveted to each flattened portion 11 of the rotor 12 a blade spring 32 between both of the recesses 20, in which there is seated a respective plug or pin 18 guiding the scraper 15. Both ends 33 of the blade springs 32 are flexed in the direction of the scraper 15 and press the same, in addition to the action exerted by the helical springs 21, against the heat exchange surface 9 of the hollow cylinder 1.
  • this mass is continuously introduced in a completely molten state, for instance by means of an infeed or delivery conduit 35 connected with one end closure or cover member 4, into the annular gap or slot 14 between the heat exchange surface 9 and the rotor jacket or outer surface 13.
  • this annular gap 14 the mass, during rotation of the rotor 12, is entrained by frictional forces at the rotor surfaces 11 and 13 and at the inside of the scrapers 15 which revolve therewith, whereas it is braked between the scrapers and the stationary heat transfer or heat exchange surface 9 and therefore placed into a state of turbulent movement.
  • the ring-shaped or annular gap 14 only possesses a slight width in radial direction, there are formed numerous small turbulent flow pockets by means of which all of the particles of the mass are continuously brought into contact with the heat transfer or exchange surface and again removed therefrom. It is therefore possible to remove large quantities of heat or thermal energy with only slight temperature differences between the mass in the ring-shaped or annular gap 14 and the cooling agent in the jacket compartment 8.
  • the mass which is just still fluent and finally crystallized, will be removed at a conduit or pipe connected with the end cover member of the hollow cylinder 1 and conveyed for its further processing.
  • masses treated in this manner crystallize in the form of very fine particles and in particular in a form possessing low thermal energy content so that they remain still relatively fluent or flowable even with pronounced heat withdrawal. They solidify during further removal of heat after leaving the equipment into products possessing hard crispy or cracking rupture characteristics and a pleasing luster, something which is desired for many chocolate products, but also or other foodstuffs.
  • a heat exchanger for the pre-crystallization of fluent media comprising: a hollow, substantially horizon tal cylinder having a heat-exchange surface; a cooling or heating jacket surrounding said cylinder; a substantially horizontal rotor arranged within, substantially coaxial with, and rotatable relative to said cylinder, and delimiting therewith a narrow gap; said rotor being provided at the region of said gap with scraper elements cooperating with said heat-exchange surface for preventing thereat deposits of particles of the media; said rotor having a substantially cylindrical configuration with the exception of flattened portions at the region of said scraper elements, said flattened portions allowing to provide said narrow gap, between said cylinder and said rotor, which ensures good crystallization of the media; said scraper elements including plate members arranged substantially parallel to tangential planes of said rotor, and being tapered at their lengthwise edges on the side confronting said rotor; means for radially displaceably guiding said scraper elements at said rotor; and elastic means for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00343406A 1972-03-30 1973-03-21 Heat exchanger for fluent masses Expired - Lifetime US3835922A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2215536A DE2215536C2 (de) 1972-03-30 1972-03-30 Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von noch fließfähiger Schokolademasse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3835922A true US3835922A (en) 1974-09-17

Family

ID=5840622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00343406A Expired - Lifetime US3835922A (en) 1972-03-30 1973-03-21 Heat exchanger for fluent masses

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3835922A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS497841A (enExample)
CH (1) CH551605A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2215536C2 (enExample)
DK (1) DK153277C (enExample)
GB (1) GB1378996A (enExample)
IT (1) IT980450B (enExample)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538428A (en) * 1984-04-02 1985-09-03 Wilkerson Kenneth L Ice-making machine
IT201800003695A1 (it) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-16 Mts Srl Macchina per trattamento termico di prodotti sfusi, termolabili, in particolare alimentari
CN113624055A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-09 郑州轻工业大学 一种被动式协同振动强化蒸发换热管
CN115111603A (zh) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-27 哈尔滨工程大学 带有冷却结构的微型燃气轮机双层壁结构燃烧室火焰筒
EP4113045A1 (en) 2021-06-28 2023-01-04 Marek Borawski Heat exchanger assembly

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2449012A (en) * 1945-07-19 1948-09-07 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Pipe exchanger scraper
US3035420A (en) * 1959-08-14 1962-05-22 Stoelting Bros Co Auger construction for frozen products freezer
US3395419A (en) * 1966-07-21 1968-08-06 Ritter Pfaudler Corp Wiper blade assembly
US3587729A (en) * 1968-09-06 1971-06-28 Escher Wyss Gmbh Double-walled tubular heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549310A (en) * 1948-07-03 1951-04-17 Deran Confectionery Co Inc Rotor and stationary-chamber machine for crushing, mixing, or refining of liquids orsemiliquids
DE1114838B (de) * 1957-08-13 1961-10-12 Aage Gerstenberg Schabegeraet, bestehend aus einer in einem Hohlkoerper drehbaren Welle und an dieser verstellbar angeordneten Schabern
DK94596C (da) * 1957-08-13 1962-10-22 Gerias As Skraber til fjernelse af en flydende eller plastisk masse fra indersiden af en rørformet gennemstrømningskanal for vedkommende masse.
DE1180233B (de) * 1962-10-10 1964-10-22 Ernst Filges Druckkuehler zum Kuehlen von kristallisierbaren Fetten
DE1902070A1 (de) * 1969-01-16 1970-08-13 L J Gilchrist & Co Engineers L Waermeaustauschvorrichtung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2449012A (en) * 1945-07-19 1948-09-07 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Pipe exchanger scraper
US3035420A (en) * 1959-08-14 1962-05-22 Stoelting Bros Co Auger construction for frozen products freezer
US3395419A (en) * 1966-07-21 1968-08-06 Ritter Pfaudler Corp Wiper blade assembly
US3587729A (en) * 1968-09-06 1971-06-28 Escher Wyss Gmbh Double-walled tubular heat exchanger

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538428A (en) * 1984-04-02 1985-09-03 Wilkerson Kenneth L Ice-making machine
IT201800003695A1 (it) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-16 Mts Srl Macchina per trattamento termico di prodotti sfusi, termolabili, in particolare alimentari
WO2019175915A1 (en) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Mts Srl Unipersonale Machine for the thermal processing of unpackaged thermolabile products, in particular food products
EP4113045A1 (en) 2021-06-28 2023-01-04 Marek Borawski Heat exchanger assembly
CN113624055A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-09 郑州轻工业大学 一种被动式协同振动强化蒸发换热管
CN113624055B (zh) * 2021-08-18 2022-08-26 郑州轻工业大学 一种被动式协同振动强化蒸发换热管
CN115111603A (zh) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-27 哈尔滨工程大学 带有冷却结构的微型燃气轮机双层壁结构燃烧室火焰筒
CN115111603B (zh) * 2022-05-31 2023-09-29 哈尔滨工程大学 带有冷却结构的微型燃气轮机双层壁结构燃烧室火焰筒

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2215536C2 (de) 1982-07-01
DK153277B (da) 1988-07-04
GB1378996A (en) 1975-01-02
DE2215536A1 (de) 1973-10-04
DK153277C (da) 1988-11-14
IT980450B (it) 1974-09-30
JPS497841A (enExample) 1974-01-24
CH551605A (de) 1974-07-15

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