US3834444A - Method and apparatus for maintaining a smooth casting wheel using a wheel spreader and crack closer - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for maintaining a smooth casting wheel using a wheel spreader and crack closer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3834444A
US3834444A US00211233A US21123371A US3834444A US 3834444 A US3834444 A US 3834444A US 00211233 A US00211233 A US 00211233A US 21123371 A US21123371 A US 21123371A US 3834444 A US3834444 A US 3834444A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
wheel
casting
side walls
combination
applying pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00211233A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Milton E Berry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Southwire Co LLC
Original Assignee
Southwire Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE793259D priority Critical patent/BE793259A/fr
Application filed by Southwire Co LLC filed Critical Southwire Co LLC
Priority to US00211233A priority patent/US3834444A/en
Priority to CA158,840A priority patent/CA955724A/en
Priority to AU50069/72A priority patent/AU462660B2/en
Priority to ZM192/72*UA priority patent/ZM19272A1/xx
Priority to NL7217319A priority patent/NL7217319A/xx
Priority to SU721860291A priority patent/SU613704A3/ru
Priority to DE2262259A priority patent/DE2262259C3/de
Priority to SE7216744A priority patent/SE383112B/xx
Priority to IT54929/72A priority patent/IT974234B/it
Priority to PL1972159738A priority patent/PL79227B1/pl
Priority to YU3193/72A priority patent/YU34631B/xx
Priority to FR7246012A priority patent/FR2164915B1/fr
Priority to ES409940A priority patent/ES409940A1/es
Priority to JP48004043A priority patent/JPS4878029A/ja
Priority to GB5964272A priority patent/GB1410370A/en
Priority to US05/407,889 priority patent/US4091860A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3834444A publication Critical patent/US3834444A/en
Priority to JP1976169422U priority patent/JPS543137Y2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0665—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating
    • B22D11/0674—Accessories therefor for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating for machining

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This disclosure relates to a combined wheel spreader and crack closer adapted to maintain the predetermined draft angle of the casting groove of an open casting wheel while simultaneously working the interior surface thereof to close cracks and smooth out flaws therein during a casting operation.
  • the wheel spreader includes rollers adapted to bear in rolling contact against the interior side walls of the casting groove
  • the crack closer includes a roller adapted to bear in rolling contact against the bottom surface of the casting groove.
  • This invention relates to the metal forming art, and more particularly to apparatus for maintaining a casting wheel used in a continuous casting operation in a substantially smooth and trouble-free condition during the actual casting operation.
  • the invention contemplates the use of a combined wheel spreader and crack closer to maintain the predetermined draft angle of the casting groove of an open casting wheel while simultaneously working the interior surface thereof to close cracks and smooth out flaws therein during a casting operation.
  • Forming wheels used in the continuous casting of molten copper and other metals into solid metallic bar include a peripherally circumferential casting groove formed therein having two side walls and a bottom surface or floor extending therebetween.
  • the angle defined between each of the side walls and the bottom surface is generally slightly obtuse to facilitate paying out of the cast bar from the groove.
  • the amount that this angle exceeds 90 is termed the draft angle of the wheel.
  • the draft angle is preferred in a range of approximately -15.
  • the molten metal will tend to deposit and accumulate on the interior forming walls of the casting groove.
  • the thermal loading of the wheel resulting from the depositing of molten metal thereon and the simultaneous operation of cooling it into a cast solid bar causes the side walls of the casting groove to close in, thereby reducing the draft angle of the casting groove. If this process is permitted to continue unabated, the draft angle will be reduced to the point where the cast bar begins to stick in the wheel, thus obviously hindering the normal pay-out operation necessary to the continuous casting process.
  • the wheels were changed every ten hours for copper wheels and every 6 hours for steel wheels and dressed in a special wheel shop. About 3/16 inches was taken from the surface of the wheels every time they were dressed, and it was necessary to keep on hand several sets of wheels to alternate for use in casting. lt is known that the operation of wheel dressing is a highly specialized art which requires a high degree of care and skill and entails a great deal of time and expense. In order to secure the proper bar specifrcations, it is essential to maintain certain special conditions, carefully determined for every type wheel material during all stages of the dressing operation. Thus, it is essential to maintain certain special conditions, carefully determined for every type wheel material during all stages of the dressing operation. Thus, it is essential to maintain certain special conditions, carefully determined for every type wheel material during all stages of the dressing operation. Thus, it is essential to maintain certain special conditions, carefully determined for every type wheel material during all stages of the dressing operation. Thus, it is essential to maintain certain special conditions, carefully determined for every type wheel material during all stages of the dressing operation. Thus, it is essential to maintain
  • the surface imperfections which are formed on the surface of the wheel during casting operations can be removed only by methods which are expensive and require skillfully handled, expensive and lengthy operations.
  • the rapid formation of fire-cracks, pits, scratches and the rapid accumulation of deposit metal on the interior forming walls of the casting wheel, especially when casting at high temperatures requires frequent grinding operations which gradually reduce the diameter of the wheel. Under these circumstances, the life of the casting wheel is rather short, particularly in the case of chilled or other surface hardened wheels in which the hard surface is removed after a few grindings.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which facilitates a method of maintaining a casting wheel in a substantially smooth and trouble free condition, which method is both inexpensive and not requiring advanced technical skill, while not removing the wheel from the casting operation.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for maintaining the correct predetermined draft angle of a casting wheel which eliminates the need for grinding the wheel, thus extending its useful life.
  • the wheel spreader includes rollers adapted to exert pressure against the interior side walls of the casting groove during rotation of the wheel for removing metallic deposits therefrom and for maintaining the predetermined draft angle
  • the crack closer includes a roller adapted to simultaneously exert pressure against the bottom surface of the casting groove for working the same to close cracks and to smooth out flaws therein.
  • FlG. l is a fragmentary elevation view of the combined wheel spreader and crack closer of this invention mounted in relation to the casting groove of an open casting wheel, and has a portion of the casting wheel cut away to illustrate two tapered rollers engaging the interior side walls of the groove, and another roller engaging its bottom surface;
  • FlG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1, and illustrates further details of the crack closer;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken along line 33 of FIG. 1, and more clearly illustrates the two rollers comprising the wheel spreader engaging the opposite walls of the casting groove;
  • FIG. 4 is a radial sectional view taken through the casting groove and illusrates the draft angle defined by the interior side walls thereof, and
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary elevation view of an alternate embodiment of the wheel spreader of this invention, and illustrates a split contoured roller adapted to simultaneously engage both side walls and the bottom surface of the casting groove.
  • FIG. 1 a combined wheel spreader and crack closer apparatus designated generally by the numeral 10.
  • the apparatus 10 is mounted by suitable means, such as support rods 11, in juxtaposed relation to a casting wheel 12 having an open casting groove 13.
  • the casting wheel 12 is adapted to receive molten metal from a source (not shown) and cast it in the groove 13 in cooperation with other means, such as an endless belt (not shown), to produce solid metal bar, typically in a continuous process.
  • the casting wheel 12 is provided with a cooling water jacket (not shown) by means of which the molten metal is cooled to form the solid final product.
  • the groove 13 is defined by interior side walls 14, 15 and a bottom surface or floor 16. As seen most clearly in FIG. 4, each of the side walls 14, 15 form a slightly obtuse angle with the bottom surface 16 of the groove 13, that portion of which exceeding being termed the draft angle a of the wheel 12.
  • the alternate heating and cooling of the wheel 12 caused by the deposition of the molten metal in the groove 13 and its subsequent cooling establish thermal stresses therein which cause the side walls 14, 15 to close in toward each other, thereby reducing the draft angle, a, as well as causing fire cracks, pit marks, scratches, etc. to form on the interior surfaces of the side walls 14, 15 and the bottom surface 16.
  • the combined wheel spreader and crack closer apparatus 10 is adapted to inhibit these effects and to maintain the wheel 12 in a substantially smooth and trouble-free condition during the actual casting operation.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a frame 17 upon which is pivotally mounted an arm 18 by means of a bolt 19.
  • the arm 18 is spaced from the frame 17 by a washer 20 carried by the bolt 19 and may be fixed and secured in any angular positionrelative to the frame 17 by means of a nut 21.
  • the arm 18 carries two tapered rollers 22, 23 which are rotatably mounted thereon by suitable means.
  • the rollers 22, 23 are adapted to be received within the groove 13 and to bear in rolling contact against the side walls 14, 15, respectively.
  • the taper angle of the rollers 22, 23 corresponds to the draft angle a of the wheel 12 so that there is line contact therebetween.
  • the rollers 22, 23 may be cylindrical and mounted on the arm 18 at an angle corresponding to the draft angle a so as to maintain the line contact.
  • the pressure with which the rollers 22, 23 bear against the side walls 14, 15 may be adjusted, of course, by altering the angular position of the arm 18 using bolt 19 and nut 21.
  • the yoke 27 includes a traverse 31 upon which is mounted a resilient rubber grommet 32.
  • the grommet 32 has an axial bore 33 formed therein.
  • a stud 34 extends from the traverse 31 into one end of the bore 33 for mounting the grommet 32.
  • Another stud 35 extends from an adjusting screw 36 into the other end of the grommet 32.
  • the screw 39 extends from a threaded hole 37 formed in the support bracket 29.
  • the roller 24 may be spring biased against the bottom surface 16 by means of the resilient nature of the grommet 32.
  • the pressurewith which the roller 24 bears against the bottom surface 16 may be adjusted, of course, by means of the screw 36.
  • the resilient grommet 32 is specifically illustrated herein, it is contemplated that other type spring-biasing means could be used within the scope of the invention.
  • a split contoured roller 40 may be utilized in place of the rollers 22, 23.
  • the roller 40 includes half rollers 41, 42 which are shaped and contoured to simultaneously bear in rolling contact against both the side walls 14, 15 and a portion of the bottom surface 16 of the casting groove 13.
  • the half rollers 41, 42 are rotatably mounted on a shaft 43 which may be supported by the frame 17.
  • Suitable shims 44 are provided to space the half rollers 41, 42 apart from one another in accordance with the specific width of the casting groove 13 and the degree of pressure intended to be applied.
  • a sleeve 45 is provided to secure the device in assembled condition.
  • the split contoured roller 40 may be used in combination with the roller 24, or may provide sufficient working itself of the bottom surface 16 such as to eliminate the need for the roller 24.
  • the rollers 22, 23 (or the contoured roller 40 of the embodiment of FIG. 5) and the roller 24 will bear in rolling contact against the interior forming surfaces of the casting groove 13, thus applying pressure thereto.
  • the rollers 22, 23 are adapted to bear outwardly against the side walls 14, for spreading" or resisting their tendency to close in under the force of the thermal stresses.
  • the predetermined draft angle is thus maintained during the casting operation.
  • the working of the rollers 22, 23 against the side walls 14, 15 tends to inhibit the build-up of metal deposits which normally form on the interior surfaces of the casting groove 13 and which further contribute to the closing in effect of the side walls l4, 15.
  • the ability to resist the formation of these deposits at their inception eliminates the need to remove the wheel 12 from operation to grind the groove 13 to restore the correct draft angle.
  • an apparatus for maintaining a casting wheel in a smooth and trouble-free condition during the actual casting operation facilitates maintenance of the correct draft angle of the casting groove while simultaneously working the interior surface thereof to close cracks and smooth out flaws therein, thereby assuring continuous presentation of a substantially smooth and unmarked forming surface to the metal being cast.
  • a combined wheel spreader and crack closer comprising means mounting said wheel spreader and crack closer in juxtaposed relation to the casting groove, means for applying pressure against said interior side walls during rotation of said casting wheel for removing metallic deposits and maintaining said predetermined draft angle, and means for applying pressure against said bottom surface during rotation of said casting wheel for closing cracks and smoothing out flaws therein.
  • said means for applying pressure against said interior side walls includes at least two rollers mounted on a pivotable arm and adapted to bear in rolling contact against opposite ones of said side walls respectively.
  • rollers are cylindrical and mounted on said pivotable arm at an appropriate angle corresponding to said draft angle.
  • a combined wheel spreader and crack closer comprising means mounting said wheel spreader and crack closer in juxtaposed relation to the casting groove, and means for simultaneously applying pressure against said interior side walls and said bottom surface during rotation of said casting wheel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
US00211233A 1971-12-23 1971-12-23 Method and apparatus for maintaining a smooth casting wheel using a wheel spreader and crack closer Expired - Lifetime US3834444A (en)

Priority Applications (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE793259D BE793259A (fr) 1971-12-23 Dispositif d'ecartement et de lissage pour une roue de coulee d'une barre metallique
US00211233A US3834444A (en) 1971-12-23 1971-12-23 Method and apparatus for maintaining a smooth casting wheel using a wheel spreader and crack closer
CA158,840A CA955724A (en) 1971-12-23 1972-12-14 Wheel spreader and crack closer
AU50069/72A AU462660B2 (en) 1971-12-23 1972-12-14 Wheel spreader and crack closer
NL7217319A NL7217319A (fr) 1971-12-23 1972-12-19
ZM192/72*UA ZM19272A1 (en) 1971-12-23 1972-12-19 Wheel spreader and crack closer
SE7216744A SE383112B (sv) 1971-12-23 1972-12-20 Kontinuerlig gjutmaskin av hjul-band typ
DE2262259A DE2262259C3 (de) 1971-12-23 1972-12-20 Vorrichtung zum Spreizen und zur Rißglättung bei einem Gießrad mit einer Gießnut am Umfang
SU721860291A SU613704A3 (ru) 1971-12-23 1972-12-20 Установка непрерывной разливки металлов
PL1972159738A PL79227B1 (fr) 1971-12-23 1972-12-21
IT54929/72A IT974234B (it) 1971-12-23 1972-12-21 Apparecchiatura spiegatrice e chiuditrice di incrinature per ruote
FR7246012A FR2164915B1 (fr) 1971-12-23 1972-12-22
YU3193/72A YU34631B (en) 1971-12-23 1972-12-22 Device for spacing walls and repairing surfaces of a molding trough at a rotary wheel for casting endless metal bars
ES409940A ES409940A1 (es) 1971-12-23 1972-12-22 Perfeccionamientos en maquinas de moldeo continuo.
JP48004043A JPS4878029A (fr) 1971-12-23 1972-12-23
GB5964272A GB1410370A (en) 1971-12-23 1972-12-27 Spreader and crack closer for wheels of continuous casting machines
US05/407,889 US4091860A (en) 1971-12-23 1973-10-19 Wheel spreader and crack closer
JP1976169422U JPS543137Y2 (fr) 1971-12-23 1976-12-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00211233A US3834444A (en) 1971-12-23 1971-12-23 Method and apparatus for maintaining a smooth casting wheel using a wheel spreader and crack closer

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/407,889 Division US4091860A (en) 1971-12-23 1973-10-19 Wheel spreader and crack closer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3834444A true US3834444A (en) 1974-09-10

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00211233A Expired - Lifetime US3834444A (en) 1971-12-23 1971-12-23 Method and apparatus for maintaining a smooth casting wheel using a wheel spreader and crack closer
US05/407,889 Expired - Lifetime US4091860A (en) 1971-12-23 1973-10-19 Wheel spreader and crack closer

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/407,889 Expired - Lifetime US4091860A (en) 1971-12-23 1973-10-19 Wheel spreader and crack closer

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (2) US3834444A (fr)
JP (2) JPS4878029A (fr)
AU (1) AU462660B2 (fr)
BE (1) BE793259A (fr)
CA (1) CA955724A (fr)
DE (1) DE2262259C3 (fr)
ES (1) ES409940A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2164915B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1410370A (fr)
IT (1) IT974234B (fr)
NL (1) NL7217319A (fr)
PL (1) PL79227B1 (fr)
SE (1) SE383112B (fr)
SU (1) SU613704A3 (fr)
YU (1) YU34631B (fr)
ZM (1) ZM19272A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4091860A (en) * 1971-12-23 1978-05-30 Southwire Company Wheel spreader and crack closer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818972A (en) * 1972-10-05 1974-06-25 Southwire Co Cast bar draft angle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1034361A (en) * 1904-03-23 1912-07-30 Henry Grey Rolling flanged metal beams or bars.
US3464483A (en) * 1967-02-01 1969-09-02 Southwire Co Casting of molten metal
US3718176A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-02-27 Inspiration Cons Copper Spreader wheel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2016141A (en) * 1931-04-01 1935-10-01 Bethlehem Steel Corp Rolling mill guide
DE629254C (de) * 1934-06-28 1936-04-25 Fried Krupp Grusonwerk Akt Ges Vorrichtung zum Glaetten der Arbeitswalzen eines Walzwerks waehrend des Betriebes
BE793259A (fr) * 1971-12-23 1973-04-16 Southwire Co Dispositif d'ecartement et de lissage pour une roue de coulee d'une barre metallique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1034361A (en) * 1904-03-23 1912-07-30 Henry Grey Rolling flanged metal beams or bars.
US3464483A (en) * 1967-02-01 1969-09-02 Southwire Co Casting of molten metal
US3718176A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-02-27 Inspiration Cons Copper Spreader wheel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4091860A (en) * 1971-12-23 1978-05-30 Southwire Company Wheel spreader and crack closer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU34631B (en) 1979-12-31
ES409940A1 (es) 1975-12-01
JPS4878029A (fr) 1973-10-19
ZM19272A1 (en) 1973-08-21
CA955724A (en) 1974-10-08
SU613704A3 (ru) 1978-06-30
AU462660B2 (en) 1975-06-12
JPS5293018U (fr) 1977-07-12
AU5006972A (en) 1974-06-20
YU319372A (en) 1979-07-10
JPS543137Y2 (fr) 1979-02-13
FR2164915B1 (fr) 1975-11-07
IT974234B (it) 1974-06-20
PL79227B1 (fr) 1975-06-30
FR2164915A1 (fr) 1973-08-03
GB1410370A (en) 1975-10-15
SE383112B (sv) 1976-03-01
NL7217319A (fr) 1973-06-26
US4091860A (en) 1978-05-30
DE2262259B2 (de) 1981-01-15
DE2262259A1 (de) 1973-06-28
BE793259A (fr) 1973-04-16
DE2262259C3 (de) 1981-10-01

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