US3762114A - Earthquake resistant system - Google Patents

Earthquake resistant system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3762114A
US3762114A US00273103A US3762114DA US3762114A US 3762114 A US3762114 A US 3762114A US 00273103 A US00273103 A US 00273103A US 3762114D A US3762114D A US 3762114DA US 3762114 A US3762114 A US 3762114A
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United States
Prior art keywords
turntable
track
combination
axis
base
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00273103A
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English (en)
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L Eskijian
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins

Definitions

  • column support means including a bearing system carried by the track for movement relatively along the track in off-center relation to said axis accompanied by turntable rotation about said axis in response to earthquake induced movement of said base.
  • This invention relates generally to the construction of load bearing structures to resist destruction during earthquakes; more particularly, it concerns an earthquake resistant connection between a load imposing column or post and a footing or foundation.
  • the invention is embodied in the combination that comprises:
  • column support means including a bearing system carried by the track for movement relatively along the track in off-center relation to said axis accompanied by turntable rotation about said axis in response to earthquake induced movement of said base.
  • the bearing may typically comprise rollers engaging the track and the support means may include a universal joint of special design carried by the rollers, the joint and rollers located to successively transmit column imposed loading to the track while accommodating soil rotation or movement relative to the track and column. Further, a carriage connected between the universal joint and roller bearing may be confined by the track in the form ofa channel member.
  • Additional objects include the provision of roller.
  • roller bearing means interposed between the turntable and base to maintain the turntable centered with respect to the upright axis while transmitting column imposed loading to the base during table rotation; and the location of such roller bearing means generally beneath the track and also peripherally of the turntable, as will be seen.
  • Additional advantages of the earthquake resistant structure include adaptation of concealment with retention of structural integrity; capacity to withstand earthquake induced displacement in any lateral direction; adaptation to design meeting standard building practices for columns to footings and/or ground level beams, and to withstand any loads; use in existing buildings having column designs; conformance to stable equilibrium positioning or to neutral equilibrium positioning; compatibility with vertical column displacements; and use for dynamic response of any structural system such as for bridges, vessels, equipment loads, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of one form of apparatus incorporating the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged elevation taken in section on lines 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevation taken in section on lines 3-3 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary bottom plan view taken on lines 44 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged section taken in elevation on lines 55 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a section taken in elevation on lines 66 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation showing a structure supported by multiple means incorporating the invention.
  • a base generally indicated at 10, supports a turntable 11 for rotation about a generally upright axis 12.
  • the base may include a bottom metal plate 13 seated on a footing such as concrete slab or layer 14, and fasteners such as bolts 15 and nuts 16 may be employed to anchor an outer portion 17 of plate to the slab, as shown.
  • the concrete footing may be poured so as to extend over plate outer annular portion 17 and against the outer side of upright annular wall 18 of the base, for securely anchoring the base to the footing.
  • Circularly spaced gusset plates 19 interconnect the metallic wall 18 with the bottom plate outer extension 17.
  • the turntable 11 may have various forms, it may advantageously include a disc shaped metal plate 20 the outer periphery 20a of which extends proximate the inner periphery 18a of the wall.
  • the support of the turntable for rotation about axis 12 may be provided by certain roller bearing means interposed between the turntable and the base to maintain the turntable centered with respect to axis 12.
  • roller bearing means may advantageously include first rollers 22 suitably pivotally carried at 23 by the turntable proximate its periphery 20a to engage the inner side 18a of base wall 18; second rollers 24 located beneath the turntable and carried for rotation about axes 25 extending generally radially relative to upright axis 12; and third rollers 26 located beneath the turntable and carried for rotation about axes 27 extending generally radially outwardly as well as upwardly relative to axis 12.
  • rollers 24 are advantageously symmetrically located at opposite sides of axis 12, carriages 28 supporting them as via suitable pivots 29 to seat on bottom plate 13; similarly, like tandem pairs of rollers 26 are advantageously symmetrically located at opposite sides of axis 12, carriages 30 supporting them as via suitable pivots 31 to seat and roll on annular and frusto-conical guideway 32.
  • the latter is carried by and affixed to the base, as shown, so that it may be considered as part of the base.
  • An annu lar cover ring 33 is releasably attached tothe ring 18 to closely overlap the periphery of turntable plate 20,
  • Ring 33 may be removed to provide access to the bearings as described, for servicing.
  • an elongated track is located on the turntable and' extends transversely thereof.
  • the track may, with unusual advantage, be defined by U or channel shaped structure 35 having a bottom plate 36 and upright side plates 37 attached to the underside of plate 20, as shown.
  • the track may alternatively be in the form of an H-beam.
  • the carriages 28 and 30 and bearings 24 and 26 may be attached to and below the channel structure to directly receive loading transmitted from the supported column or post generally indicated at 38 in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • Such loading is transmitted to the track by a roller or rollers 39 having an axis or axes 40 generally normal to the direction of track elongation, so that the rollers may roll relatively lengthwise of the track (actually the track moves relative to the roller) during occurrence of an earthquake, the turntable also rotating relative to the base to accommodate earth movement relative to the column or post. Rollers 39 engage track or runway surface 70.
  • a carriage for the roller may have the form of inverted channel shaped member 42 with a base plate 43 and side plates 44 carrying roller pivots 45.
  • Another channel shaped member 46 may be connected with member 42 and project upwardly as shown through an opening 47 in the turntable. plate 20 for connection to, or to form part of a universal joint 48.
  • the latter includes a body 49 pivotally connected at 50 to member 46 to rotate about axis 51, and pivotally connected at 52 to column end bearing 53 to rotate about axis 54. Offset axes 51 and 54 extend generally at right angles, as shown. Accordingly, the column may pivot universally with respect to the roller bearings 39, as the latter travel relatively along the track, with the turntable rtating, to accommodate earth movement during an earthquake.
  • the track surface 70 may be slightly upwardly concave lengthwise thereof.
  • thrust members 56 may be rigidly attached to the U-shaped channel member 42 to project at the sides thereof for engagement with confining track side plates 37 and the overhanging plate structure 57.
  • center line 58 of the bearing or bearings 39 which may coincide with the centerline of the column 38, is located in offset or eccentric relation with the turntable axis 12. This assures that the turntable will rotate in response to horizontal earth movement transmitted by the base in all directions except lengthwise of the track, and as to the latter the bearings 39 will travel relatively along with track, as described.
  • FlG. 7 shows multiple connections 60, as described, supporting columns or posts 61 extending beneath load imposing structure 62.
  • the latter may comprise for example a building, bridge, heavy vessel, electrical equipment, or any heavy duty load imposing means.
  • the sizes of the components may be varied as required by design criteria; hydraulic members may optionally be employed in the columns; the entire design of the connection can be made to conform to stable equilibrium as by forming the track surface with upward concavity as described; utility connections to a building can be made flexible to accommodate building lateral movement; and the earthquake resistant supports may be employed in such manner that other load bearing areas of the building (such as main shear walls, vaults, and basements) need not employ such supports.
  • the unit can be filled with a lubricant or a destructible plastic material in order to keep it free of debris, or concrete during the construction period.
  • the combination comprising a. a turntable and a base supporting the turntable for rotation about a generally upright axis,
  • column support means including a bearing carried by the track for movement relatively along the track in off-center relation to said axis accompanied by turntable rotation about-said axis in response to earthquake induced movement of said base.
  • said bearing comprises a roller engaging the track and said support means includes a universal joint carried by the roller, the universal joint and roller located to successively transmit column imposed loading to the track while accommodating angular shifting of the turntable and base relative to the column.
  • said support means includes a carriage connected between the roller and said universal joint and confined by the track against lateral and upward displacement.
  • said certain roller bearing means includes first rollers carried by the turntable proximate the periphery thereof to engage a generally circular upstanding wall defined by the base.
  • said certain roller bearing means includes second rollers located beneath the turntable and carried for rotation about axes extending generally radially relative to said upright axis.
  • said certain roller bearing means includes third rollers located beneath'the turntable and carried for rotation about axes extending generally radially outwardly as well as upwardly relative to said upright axis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
US00273103A 1972-07-19 1972-07-19 Earthquake resistant system Expired - Lifetime US3762114A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27310372A 1972-07-19 1972-07-19

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US3762114A true US3762114A (en) 1973-10-02

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US (1) US3762114A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5732185B2 (enExample)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3977140A (en) * 1973-12-12 1976-08-31 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Earthquake resistant structure for spherical tanks
US3986222A (en) * 1974-12-05 1976-10-19 Japanese National Railways Shock control device for use in the construction of buildings such as bridges and the like
US4226677A (en) * 1978-02-27 1980-10-07 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Earthquake-proof foundation structure for horizontal type coke oven battery
US4320549A (en) * 1978-07-04 1982-03-23 Glacier Gmbh-Deva Werke Rocker-sliding bearing assembly and a method of lining the assembly
US4371143A (en) * 1980-05-24 1983-02-01 Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. Earthquake isolation floor
EP0439272A3 (en) * 1990-01-20 1992-01-02 Sumitomo Gomu Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vibration-proofing device
US5261200A (en) * 1990-01-20 1993-11-16 Sumitomo Gomu Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vibration-proofing device
DE19535197C1 (de) * 1995-09-22 1997-02-13 Werner Liedtke Einrichtung zum Schutz von Gebäuden, insbesondere Fabrikhallen, gegen Erdbeben
US6115972A (en) * 1996-04-09 2000-09-12 Tamez; Federico Garza Structure stabilization system
US20050257451A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2005-11-24 Pryor Steven E Moment frame links wall
US10024074B1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-07-17 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Seismic damping systems and methods
WO2022031439A3 (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-04-21 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Pinned base connection for a structural member
US11421435B2 (en) * 2018-12-12 2022-08-23 Universidad Catolica De La Santisima Concepcion Kinematic seismic isolation device
US11549277B2 (en) * 2018-06-28 2023-01-10 Beijing Goldwind Science & Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd. Damper and load-bearing enclosing structure provided with damper

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2055000A (en) * 1935-08-12 1936-09-22 Bacigalupo Joseph Building construction
US2208872A (en) * 1938-02-11 1940-07-23 Soule Steel Company Rocker support for building structures and the like
US2705928A (en) * 1950-03-09 1955-04-12 Pont Henri Maclaine Building structures
FR1274932A (fr) * 1960-07-13 1961-11-03 Cie Francaise D Entpr S Perfectionnements apportés aux systèmes d'appui pour fondations
US3110464A (en) * 1959-10-29 1963-11-12 Korfund Dynamics Corp Shock isolators

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2055000A (en) * 1935-08-12 1936-09-22 Bacigalupo Joseph Building construction
US2208872A (en) * 1938-02-11 1940-07-23 Soule Steel Company Rocker support for building structures and the like
US2705928A (en) * 1950-03-09 1955-04-12 Pont Henri Maclaine Building structures
US3110464A (en) * 1959-10-29 1963-11-12 Korfund Dynamics Corp Shock isolators
FR1274932A (fr) * 1960-07-13 1961-11-03 Cie Francaise D Entpr S Perfectionnements apportés aux systèmes d'appui pour fondations

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3977140A (en) * 1973-12-12 1976-08-31 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Earthquake resistant structure for spherical tanks
US3986222A (en) * 1974-12-05 1976-10-19 Japanese National Railways Shock control device for use in the construction of buildings such as bridges and the like
US4226677A (en) * 1978-02-27 1980-10-07 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Earthquake-proof foundation structure for horizontal type coke oven battery
US4320549A (en) * 1978-07-04 1982-03-23 Glacier Gmbh-Deva Werke Rocker-sliding bearing assembly and a method of lining the assembly
US4371143A (en) * 1980-05-24 1983-02-01 Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. Earthquake isolation floor
EP0439272A3 (en) * 1990-01-20 1992-01-02 Sumitomo Gomu Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vibration-proofing device
US5261200A (en) * 1990-01-20 1993-11-16 Sumitomo Gomu Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vibration-proofing device
DE19535197C1 (de) * 1995-09-22 1997-02-13 Werner Liedtke Einrichtung zum Schutz von Gebäuden, insbesondere Fabrikhallen, gegen Erdbeben
US6115972A (en) * 1996-04-09 2000-09-12 Tamez; Federico Garza Structure stabilization system
US8001734B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2011-08-23 Simpson Strong-Tie Co., Inc. Moment frame links wall
US20050257451A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2005-11-24 Pryor Steven E Moment frame links wall
US8763319B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2014-07-01 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Moment frame links wall
US11346102B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2022-05-31 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Moment frame links wall
US10024074B1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-07-17 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Seismic damping systems and methods
US10619373B1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2020-04-14 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Seismic damping systems and methods
US11549277B2 (en) * 2018-06-28 2023-01-10 Beijing Goldwind Science & Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd. Damper and load-bearing enclosing structure provided with damper
US11421435B2 (en) * 2018-12-12 2022-08-23 Universidad Catolica De La Santisima Concepcion Kinematic seismic isolation device
WO2022031439A3 (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-04-21 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Pinned base connection for a structural member
US11447970B2 (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-09-20 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Pinned base connection for a structural member
AU2021322001B2 (en) * 2020-08-04 2025-01-30 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Pinned base connection for a structural member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5732185B2 (enExample) 1982-07-09
JPS4964214A (enExample) 1974-06-21

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