US3699792A - Process and apparatus for correcting irregularities in the circularity of rings - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for correcting irregularities in the circularity of rings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3699792A
US3699792A US838813A US3699792DA US3699792A US 3699792 A US3699792 A US 3699792A US 838813 A US838813 A US 838813A US 3699792D A US3699792D A US 3699792DA US 3699792 A US3699792 A US 3699792A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ring
rollers
slide
circular
sectional thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US838813A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paolo Pettazzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF Industrie SpA
Original Assignee
RIV SKF Officine di Villar Perosa SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by RIV SKF Officine di Villar Perosa SpA filed Critical RIV SKF Officine di Villar Perosa SpA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • B21H1/12—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length rings for ball or roller bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races

Definitions

  • ABSIRACT A body such as a bearing race ring having a cylindrical July 11, 1968 Italy ..52399 A/68 outer surface is prevented from deforming during chilling to harden the body by rotating the body about its axis and g g g the outer Surface of the y [58] Id S 106 107 with at least two pressure rollers at two positions e 0 spaced circumferentially by 90 with respect to the center of the body.
  • References Cited may be increased progressively during chilling, or ap- UNITED STATES PATENTS prlliectl stliiarply after an initial period of free chilling of t e O 3,464,253 9/1969 Beyer et a1 ..72/1 10 X y 1,930,562 10/1933 Krueger ..72/106 3 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CORRECTING IRREGULARITIES IN THE CIRCULARITY OF RINGS The invention relates to a process and apparatus for correcting irregularities in the circularity of rings.
  • Hardening is known to result from the structural transformations occurring in a material during cooling of the material.
  • the strains associated with these transformations produce, in general, appreciable deformation of the material.
  • deformations are inadmissible.
  • An object of the present invention is to obviate the above drawbacks by providing a process which substantially relieves strains existing in a workpiece body both prior to hardening and during hardening, substantially avoiding deformation of the body.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide means for correcting irregularly formed rings in which the irregularity arises by deformation during cooling.
  • the main characteristic feature of the process according to the invention is that deformations of the body upon chilling thereof are reduced by rotating the body about its axis while subjecting the said outer surface to the action of pressure rollers which engage the said surface at circumferentially spaced apart points to impart loads thereto in orthogonal directions so as to maintain the said surface substantially cylindrical during chilling of the body.
  • the invention further provides apparatus for carrying out the above described process, which is essentially characterized by the provision of two pairs of pressure rollers adapted to engage the outer surface of the body to be hardened in respective mutually perpendicular planes, one roller of each pair having a stationary axis, and the other roller of said pair having a displaceable axis to exert a load on the body, and means for rotating the body about its axis to bring all parts of said outer surface successively into contact with said pairs of rollers in order to reduce ovality of said body.
  • rollers having displaceable axes are moved inwardly to a final position in which the four rollers engage the truly circular ring at points located on two perpendicular diameters of the ring.
  • the two movable rollers may be mounted on a common slide and the radial inward movement of the slide may take place progressively during chilling or may take place rather sharply after an initial period of free chilling of the body or ring.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is relatively simple and inexpensive in operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention for reducing deformations clue to hardening of an annular or cylindrical body, and
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view similar to FIG. 1, illustrating a step of the process according to the invention during the restoration of a deformed annular body to its original circular profile.
  • the apparatus according to the invention includes two driving pressure rollers 2, 3 rotatable about fixed axes and carried by a stationary bedplate (not shown).
  • the rollers 2, 3 are arranged to engage the outer surface of an annular or cylindrical body 1 to be hardened at two points spaced apart circumferentially by an angle of measured at the center of the body 1.
  • the apparatus includes two movable idler pressure rollers 4, 5 freely rotatably mounted on a common slide 6.
  • the slide 6 is movable along stationary guideways 7 in a radial direction with respect to the center of the body 1.
  • An actuator 8, shown in broken outline, is effective to urge the slide 6 towards the axis of the annular body 1, in the direction of the arrow (FIG. 1).
  • rollers 4, 5 are arranged to engage the outer surface of the annular body 1 at points spaced circumferentially by 90 from the points of contact with the body 1 of the respective adjoining rollers 3, 2.
  • the rollers 4, 5 are arranged to engage the outer surface of the annular body 1 at points spaced circumferentially by 90 from the points of contact with the body 1 of the respective adjoining rollers 3, 2.
  • the body 1 changes in diameter during chilling, while maintaining its circular form, it is merely stressed uniformly along a pair of orthogonal diameters at each angular position of the body by virtue of the rotation imparted thereto, so that, within the limits of accuracy of the apparatus, no deformation can be induced in the body 1.
  • the two pairs of pressure rollers 2, 4 and 3, 5 will alternately stress the body 1 in the direction of its maximum diameter so that in the course of the rotation of the body the latter is deformed to cause it to assume a circular form, as indicated in broken outline in FIG. 2.
  • the two pairs of pressure rollers 2, 4 and 3, 5 both contact the body 1 with similar pressures in two orthogonal directions, maintaining the circular form taken by the body 1 and preventing further deformation thereof.
  • the strength and manner of application of the load applied by the pressure rollers should in practice be dependent upon the size, shape and plasticity of the annular body 1.
  • the load applied by the movable pressure rollers 4 and 5 It is important for the load applied by the movable pressure rollers 4 and 5 not to reach its maximum value while the annular body 1 is still at its highest temperature, as this might crush the body 1 owing to its high plasticity at this temperature.
  • the load should therefore be applied gradually as the body 1 cools down.
  • the load may be applied sharply at its maximum value after a short period of free chilling of the body 1, that is, chilling in the absence of loads.
  • a high precision method for rendering an imperfectly circular ring having a constant cross-sectional thickness truly circular comprising the steps of rotating the ring between four rollers, two of which are mounted on a single common slide for movement in a radial direction with respect to the center of the ring in its final circular form and moving the slide under force radially inwardly to a final position in which the four rollers engage the truly circular ring at points located on two perpendicular diameters of the ring, said ring being unsupported on its interior wall throughout the operation, and the cross-sectional thickness of the material of the ring being maintained substantially unchanged.
  • a high precision apparatus for rendering an imperfectly circular ring having a constant cross-sectional thickness truly circular comprising four rollers between which the ring is adapted to be rotated, a single slide having cut-out means to provide clearance for a ring, said slide being movable in a radial direction with respect to the center of the ring in its final circular form, means mounting two of said rollers on said slide on opposite sides of said cut-out means for movement therewith, one such roller being mounted on each leg of said V-shaped end of said slide, and means for moving said slide radially inwardly under force to a final position in which the four rollers engage the truly circular ring at points located on two perpendicular diameters of the ring, said rollers being adapted to contact the external surface of the ring, said ring being unsupported within its interior cavity.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 2 further comprising means mounting the remaining two rollers for rotation about fixed axes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US838813A 1968-07-11 1969-07-03 Process and apparatus for correcting irregularities in the circularity of rings Expired - Lifetime US3699792A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT5239968 1968-07-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3699792A true US3699792A (en) 1972-10-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US838813A Expired - Lifetime US3699792A (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-03 Process and apparatus for correcting irregularities in the circularity of rings

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3699792A (xx)
DE (1) DE1935396B2 (xx)
FR (1) FR2012746A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL6910409A (xx)
SE (1) SE355601B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100095729A1 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-04-22 Smi & Hydraulics, Inc. Rounding System and Method Used in the Manufacture of Conical or Cylindrical Structures
CN105414295A (zh) * 2015-12-17 2016-03-23 株洲易力达机电有限公司 滚轮架、自动旋压设备和该设备的应用
JP2019031714A (ja) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-28 株式会社ネツレンタクト 熱処理装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3440961C1 (de) * 1984-11-09 1986-01-09 Skf Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von gehaerteten Laufscheiben fuer Axialwaelzlager
DE3726246C1 (en) * 1987-08-07 1988-04-07 Hoesch Ag Method for hardening rings

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US835505A (en) * 1902-03-04 1906-11-13 Heinrich Ehrhardt Cylinder-rolling mill.
US848948A (en) * 1906-02-20 1907-04-02 S R Dresser Mfg Co Flaring-machine for metal rings, &c.
US1087142A (en) * 1913-01-02 1914-02-17 James C Russell Apparatus for treating metal articles.
US1753963A (en) * 1926-11-27 1930-04-08 Ferdinand Braun Method of and apparatus for flanging containers
US1930562A (en) * 1932-08-11 1933-10-17 Bliss E W Co Method and apparatus for forming smoothly rounded can bodies
US2617466A (en) * 1949-04-13 1952-11-11 Kradoska Edward Charles Body roller
US3000426A (en) * 1957-11-29 1961-09-19 Cargill Detroit Corp Method and apparatus for truing circular rings
US3230606A (en) * 1965-06-28 1966-01-25 Saito Tadashi Method and apparatus for rolling rings
US3464253A (en) * 1967-06-29 1969-09-02 United States Pipe Foundry Method for rounding pipe

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US835505A (en) * 1902-03-04 1906-11-13 Heinrich Ehrhardt Cylinder-rolling mill.
US848948A (en) * 1906-02-20 1907-04-02 S R Dresser Mfg Co Flaring-machine for metal rings, &c.
US1087142A (en) * 1913-01-02 1914-02-17 James C Russell Apparatus for treating metal articles.
US1753963A (en) * 1926-11-27 1930-04-08 Ferdinand Braun Method of and apparatus for flanging containers
US1930562A (en) * 1932-08-11 1933-10-17 Bliss E W Co Method and apparatus for forming smoothly rounded can bodies
US2617466A (en) * 1949-04-13 1952-11-11 Kradoska Edward Charles Body roller
US3000426A (en) * 1957-11-29 1961-09-19 Cargill Detroit Corp Method and apparatus for truing circular rings
US3230606A (en) * 1965-06-28 1966-01-25 Saito Tadashi Method and apparatus for rolling rings
US3464253A (en) * 1967-06-29 1969-09-02 United States Pipe Foundry Method for rounding pipe

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100095729A1 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-04-22 Smi & Hydraulics, Inc. Rounding System and Method Used in the Manufacture of Conical or Cylindrical Structures
US8561445B2 (en) * 2008-10-21 2013-10-22 Smi & Hydraulics, Inc. Rounding system and method used in the manufacture of wind towers
CN105414295A (zh) * 2015-12-17 2016-03-23 株洲易力达机电有限公司 滚轮架、自动旋压设备和该设备的应用
CN105414295B (zh) * 2015-12-17 2019-01-29 株洲易力达机电有限公司 滚轮架、自动旋压设备和该设备的应用
JP2019031714A (ja) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-28 株式会社ネツレンタクト 熱処理装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1935396A1 (de) 1971-02-04
NL6910409A (xx) 1970-01-13
SE355601B (xx) 1973-04-30
FR2012746A1 (xx) 1970-03-20
DE1935396B2 (de) 1971-12-02

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