US3679114A - Multi-stage injector for thread withdrawal - Google Patents

Multi-stage injector for thread withdrawal Download PDF

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Publication number
US3679114A
US3679114A US55104A US3679114DA US3679114A US 3679114 A US3679114 A US 3679114A US 55104 A US55104 A US 55104A US 3679114D A US3679114D A US 3679114DA US 3679114 A US3679114 A US 3679114A
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
injector
conduit
suction
thread
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Expired - Lifetime
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US55104A
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl Ostertag
Heinrich Nilgens
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Akzona Inc
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Akzona Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/467—Arrangements of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles arranged in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H54/00—Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material
    • B65H54/86—Arrangements for taking-up waste material before or after winding or depositing
    • B65H54/88—Arrangements for taking-up waste material before or after winding or depositing by means of pneumatic arrangements, e.g. suction guns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • a multi-stage injector for the suction withdrawal of a rapidly moving thread or filament exhibiting at least two suction conduits or tubes, each having an annular air injector at their .discharge ends leading into the next suction conduit or a final mixing conduit which is preferably provided with a diffusor conduit at its discharge end.
  • Injectors for catching and drawing off a rapidly moving thread or similar filamentary material are generally known and normally employ air which is conducted at a high velocity past the discharge end of a suction conduit or tube, thereby creating a partial vacuum and drawing air at a high velocity through the inlet or feed end of the suction tube.
  • This suction usually makes it quite easy to pick up the thread and transport it through the suction tube where it can be temporarily collected and held until the thread can be properly placed in the spinning operation, e.g. onto a take-up spool.
  • German Pat. No. 1,022,770 discloses a blowing or suction gun operating with compressed air, and according to the arrangement of a hand lever, this gun can be used as an injector for the drawing off of a thread or filamentary material under suction.
  • Known draw-off guns or pistols of this type have only a single injection stage, and even when constructed with optimum design characteristics, they permit a drawing ofi of threads only at velocities of up to at most about 2,500 meters/minute. At such maximum thread velocities, such injector guns or pistols exhibit a very low efficiency as evidenced by high air consumption, high air pressures and correspondingly high pressure losses.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a thread injector in which the relative velocity between the thread and the air passing through the injector is as high as possible so as to be able to exert a sufficiently high tension or drawing force on the thread even in those cases where the thread velocity amounts to more than 4,000 meters/minute.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an injector which has the greatest possible efficiency, i.e. so as to achieve a maximum thread drawing capacity with the least consumption of air.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide an injector which functions positively at all times and is easy to handle, especially for picking up and transferring a thread during a fully automatic spool change.
  • an injector for the suction withdrawal of a rapidly moving thread by providing a plurality of injection stages, i.e. a multi-stage injector having a plurality of interconnected, substantially coaxial, elongated air suction conduits, each of which is equipped with an annular air injection means around its thread discharge end, and a final elongated air mixing conduit in fluid communication with the annular air injection means of the last of the air suction conduits.
  • the injector also preferably includes an air diffusor conduit which extends with a gradually increasing cross-section in the direction of air flow at the discharge end of the air mixing conduit.
  • such a multi-stage injector is one in which there is provided at least two mixing conduits as subsequent stages in addition to an initial suction conduit or first stage serving as the inlet for the rapidly moving thread as it is picked up by the injector, and it will be further understood that the mixing conduit of the first stage actually serves as a suction conduit for the second stage while the mixing conduit of the second stage serves as the suction conduit of the third stage, and so forth.
  • each stage or section of conduit having an annular air injection means around its thread discharge end may properly be considered as a suction conduit even though it may also serve as a mixing conduit for the preceding stage or section.
  • Only the last mixing conduit serves as a final mixing stage where the thread is discharged from the multistage assembly without any further input of air and preferably with a reduction in the velocity of the air.
  • the first stage requires a conduit which serves solely as a suction inlet for the thread and a last stage which serves only as a mixing conduit for the final discharge of the thread. All of the intermediate stages require a conduit functioning both as a suction conduit and a mixing conduit.
  • thread is employed herein in its broadest sense to include monofilaments as well as threads containing a plurality of individual filaments.
  • present invention is particularly adapted to handle melt-spun synthetic thermoplastic polymer filaments having a relatively small individual yarn size or denier, i.e. as conventionally produced in highspeed spinning operations for the production of textile filaments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of an injector having two stages, structural details having been omitted;
  • FIG. 2 is a partly diagrammatic and longitudinal sectional view of a preferred multi-stage injector as constructed in the form of a pistol or gun;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the same two-stage injector pistol illustrating a thread receptacle for receiving thread from the outlet or discharge end of the injector;
  • FIG. 4 provides a graphical representation to illustrate the manner in which the air consumption depends upon the tension or drawing force applied to the thread by the injector at a constant draw-off velocity.
  • the injector is constructed of a plurality of elongated and coaxial conduits or interconnected tubular members which preferably define a passageway of substantially circular cross-section which conically widens at the discharge end of the injector.
  • the first stage of the injector essentially includes the suction tube 1 having an inside diameter d which is preferably between 3 mm. and 5 mm.
  • the second stage of the injector is formed by the first mixing conduit 2 functioning as a second suction conduit together with the second or final mixing conduit 3, each of these conduits having the inner diameters 1 and d respectively.
  • the inner diameter d of the second mixing conduit 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the attached suction conduit 2 to permit the injection of air from tube 6 through an annular gap around the discharge end of the conduit 2.
  • the effective length of the first suction conduit 1 is designated by X while the length of the diffuser 4 is designated by X
  • the diffusor has the same inner diameter as the final mixing conduit 3 where the two are joined together and then conically widens out to an inner diameter of d at the discharge end of the injector.
  • the so-called diffusor angle" is designated by a and is preferably selected as an acute angle falling within the relatively narrow range of about 7.5 to 12.5".
  • a gaseous medium which is preferably compressed air is introduced at D and E with differing velocities and pressures such that the thread or filament 7 is drawn by suction in the direction of the arrows A, B and C.
  • the compressed air D entering line 5 creates a suction in conduit 1 so that the thread is drawn into the device in the direction of the arrow A.
  • the air introduced at A and B is then mixed in conduit 2 where a further suction is applied by the flow of compressed air E around the discharge end of conduit 2.
  • the multi-stage injector with its interconnected conduits 1, 2 and 3 together with the attached diffusor 4 and air feed lines 5, 6 are secured to a handle 8 having a relatively large bore or hollowed section 9 extending upwardly from the butt of the handle for the introduction of an initial supply of compressed air through any suitable outside feed line.
  • An air distributor channel 11 is contained in the upper portion of the handle 8 and arranged adjacent to the initial feed channel 9 and in fluid connection therewith through the cylindrical bore or opening 20.
  • the flow of compressed air F is controlled by the action of the valve which is shown axially seated in the bore and normally held in a closed position by the spring 12.
  • valve 10 The stem end of the valve 10 is actuated by the trigger or lever 13 which is pivoted on a blot 14 so that the valve can be easily opened while the suction gun is held in one hand.
  • trigger or lever 13 which is pivoted on a blot 14 so that the valve can be easily opened while the suction gun is held in one hand.
  • other suitable valve means can be provided to control the initial supply of compressed air.
  • the distributor channel 11 is connected to two individual air tubes, one of these tubes 5 supplying air to the first stage of the injector, and the other tube 6 connected over an orifice 15 to supply air to the second stage. It is advantageous to provide a variable orifice 15 wherein a size of the opening can be changed in a conventional manner from outside the handle.
  • the handle 8 can be constructed so as to receive interchangeable orifices 15 of predetermined size. In this manner, the amount of air distributed between the individual air tubes 5 and 6 can be determined and adjusted quite accurately.
  • FIG. 3 A slightly modified embodiment of the suction gun is illustrated in FIG. 3 wherein similar parts are identified by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2, it being particularly advantageous to engage a suitable receptacle or collecting means 17 on the outlet end of the diffuser 4.
  • This collector 17 can be connected to the diffuser 4 in a detachable manner by means of a hose clip 19 or other removable fastening means.
  • a basket or inner supporting means 18, for example in the form of a shaped wire mesh for example in the form of a shaped wire mesh.
  • This collector which is essentially a bag-like structure can be easily removed after it is filled with thread to the point where it might interfere with the operation of the injector, and there is nothing critical in the shape or size of the collector 17 provided that it is not so large as to interfere with the handling of the suction gun when being used by the operator.
  • a suitable connecting nipple or coupling means 16 is provided at the base of the handle 8 in order to supply the propellant gaseous medium, preferably from a flexible hose or similar main feed line. It will be apparent that air is most economically employed as the gaseous medium under compression, although other gases could be employed if desired.
  • the multi-stage injector of the invention can be constructed so as to provide more than two injection stages.
  • a certain relative velocity must be achieved between the thread and the gaseous medium passing through the injector so as to transport the thread by suction.
  • This relative velocity is limited by the fact that with a constant throughput of the air mass in a tube, the Mach number in the direction of flow constantly increases as a result of pressure losses, but cannot exceed the value of 1.
  • the mean velocity in a short tube is higher than in a long tube. Accordingly, a multi-stage injector can be operated at a higher relative velocity than a single-stage injector with the same effective length of the injector.
  • the multi-stageinjector merely consists of a first suction conduit and a number of sequential mixing conduits corresponding to the number of stages, i.e. so as to achieve a noticeable improvement in the efficiency of the injector, it is especially desirable for purposes of the invention in drawing off a very rapidly moving thread to provide the diffusor at the outlet or discharge end of the last mixing conduit.
  • the thread velocity is approximately 4,000 meters/minute, a running speed which is of particular interest in the spinning and stretching of a synthetic thread, good results are achieved with an injector which is laid out in two stages, i.e. an injector which preferably consists of a suction conduit, a first mixing conduit (corresponding to a second suction conduit), a second or final mixing conduit and a diifusor.
  • the diffusor conduit of gradually enlarged cross-section in the direction of air flow has the function of raising the static pressure present at the end of the final mixing conduit to atmospheric pressure, this function being accomplished through retardation of the air flow velocity. From this function, one can determine the ratio of the cross-sectional area at the entry to the diffusor to its outlet area, and this ratio of course corresponds to the ratio of the inside diameters at the diffusor entrance and exit, i.e. the ratio d zd (see FIG. 1
  • the length of the diffusor X is determined from the preferred limits for the so-called diffusor angle i.e. the angle defined by the generatrix of the truncated cone of the diffusor, this angle also being referred to as the widening angle" or simply as the conical angle.
  • the diffusor angle is reduced below 75, the diffusor becomes relatively long and thereby causes high frictional losses which are undesirable in view of the higher pressures required.
  • the diffusor angle is above about l2.5, a retarded flow along the walls of the diffusor is no longer assured and the diffusion effect may be substantially reduced or even lost. It is for this reason that the diffusor angle preferably lies between about 75 and 125.
  • the flow velocity of the air at the diffusor exit should not fall below the thread velocity during the retardation of the air flow in the difi'usor, because otherwise the conveyance of the thread is inhibited. For this reason, the flow velocity of the air in the last mixing conduit must be maintained sufficiently high. This final flow velocity is therefore determined from the theorem of momentum for the mixing process. Since the propelled air flows only with the speed of sound into the mixing plane, the mixing speed can be influenced only by the amount of propelled air. In this manner, the inlet cross-section and the diameter of the final mixing conduit is established.
  • each of the mixing conduits takes place in a single plane, actual practice has shown that it actually extends over a certain length of the mixing conduit. As a rule, the mixing is concluded after a length which corresponds to about six times the diameter of the mixing conduit. For this reason, the ratio of the length of each mixing tube to its inner diameter, i.e. each ratio X 11 X m or X d is preferably chosen so as to be equal to or greater than 6. On the other hand, this value should not be substantially greater than 6, since otherwise undesirable frictional losses again become too great.
  • the choice of the diameter of the first suction conduit should be considered on the basis that it ought to be as small as possible in order to reduce the amount of air being drawn into and carried along through the injector. At the same time, however, in order to exclude disturbances in the flow behavior or transport of the running thread, excessively narrow suction tubes or conduits should be avoided. It has therefore been found most expedient to select an inner diameter d of the first suction conduit of between about 3 mm. and 5 mm.
  • the general size and shape of the entire injector in the form of a suction gun or pistol, including the air feed lines, can be easily determined in a routine manner.
  • the bag or container attached onto the diffusor should be reasonably well supported in order to prevent a bending down of the bag which may cause a substantial reduction in the suction effect.
  • the example is carried out in a test using a rapidly running thread in a stretch-spinning machine having a draw-off velocity of 4,000 meters/minute, the thread having a total yarn size of 45 denier l 3 individual filaments) which corresponds to dtex 50 f 13.
  • the following table sets forth all of the necessary data acquired in the test, both as to the dimensions of the multistage injector and also those measurements required to determine the efficiency of the two-stage injector.
  • V 66.67 m/sec. d 4 mm.
  • Velocity in lst mixing tube V 243.3 m/sec.
  • Length of lst mixing tube X 60 mm.
  • Index D and Index E relate to the cross-sections of the air feed lines 5 and 6, respectively.
  • a multi-stage injector for the suction withdrawal of a rapidly moving thread which comprises:
  • An injector as claimed in claim 1 having two interconnected air suction conduits followed by said final air mixing conduit.
  • an air diffusor conduit extends with a gradually increasing cross section in the direction of air flow at the discharge end of said air mixing conduits, and all of said conduits define a passageway of substantially circular cross-section which conically widens in the diffusor conduit.
  • An injector as claimed in claim 4 constructed in the form of a pistol having handle means connected to said conduits arranged as the barrel of the pistol.
  • An injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein said handle means encloses a valve operated air distributor channel with means on one side of said valve for fluid connection to an air supply line and individual air tubes on the other side of said valve for the distribution of the supplied air to each of said annular air injection means.
  • valve is mounted in said handle for movement from a closed to an open position by a trigger lever connected thereto.
  • each succeeding suction conduit and mixing conduit has a ratio of lengthzdiameter of approximately 6, and the conical angle of the difiusor conduit is between about 7.5 and 12.5.
  • An injector as claimed in claim 12 which includes an air supply means controlled by a trigger operated valve to supply air under high pressure to each of said annular air injection means.
  • An injector as claimed in claim 1 including a valve operated air distributor channel with means on one side of said valve for fluid connection to air supply line and individual air tubes on the other side of said valve for the distribution of the supplied air to each of said annular air injection means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US55104A 1969-07-19 1970-07-15 Multi-stage injector for thread withdrawal Expired - Lifetime US3679114A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691936916 DE1936916B2 (de) 1969-07-19 1969-07-19 Injektor zum absaugen von schnellbewegtem fadenmaterial

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US3679114A true US3679114A (en) 1972-07-25

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US55104A Expired - Lifetime US3679114A (en) 1969-07-19 1970-07-15 Multi-stage injector for thread withdrawal

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US (1) US3679114A (fr)
AT (1) AT323877B (fr)
BE (1) BE751246A (fr)
CH (1) CH507858A (fr)
DE (1) DE1936916B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES379987A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2055260A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1326217A (fr)
LU (1) LU61359A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL7007642A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3839124A (en) * 1970-04-29 1974-10-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Article and method of manufacture
US4667864A (en) * 1986-09-15 1987-05-26 Burlington Industries, Inc. Low noise and high efficiency doffing gun
CN102678637A (zh) * 2011-08-31 2012-09-19 韩铁夫 复式引射器
CN103016425A (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 一种三级多喷管中心引射器
US20160047396A1 (en) * 2014-06-11 2016-02-18 Bilsing Automation Gmbh Vacuum Generator on the Ejector Principle
WO2021043731A1 (fr) * 2019-09-07 2021-03-11 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif d'aspiration

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2508221C3 (de) * 1975-02-26 1982-03-04 Neumünstersche Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH (Neumag), 2350 Neumünster Vorrichtung zum pneumatischen Einfangen und Führen von Fäden
DE3336388A1 (de) * 1982-10-13 1984-04-19 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5630 Remscheid Fadenbedienungswagen in einer spulenwechseleinrichtung
DE3430615A1 (de) * 1984-08-20 1986-02-27 Thies GmbH & Co, 4420 Coesfeld Treibduese fuer die nassbehandlung von textilgut
ES2397320T3 (es) 2010-10-04 2013-03-06 Starlinger&Co Gesellschaft M.B.H. Dispositivo de sujección para una pistola de aspiración de material de bobinado
JP6829044B2 (ja) * 2016-10-20 2021-02-10 Ｔｍｔマシナリー株式会社 糸掛けロボット
DE102022003354A1 (de) * 2022-09-12 2024-03-14 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Herstellung synthetischer Fäden

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3241234A (en) * 1964-03-10 1966-03-22 Monsanto Co Yarn aspirator with severing means
US3423000A (en) * 1965-11-10 1969-01-21 Glanzstoff Ag Device for accumulating filaments during spool-change
US3559860A (en) * 1967-12-18 1971-02-02 Ici Ltd Textile varn handling devices

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3241234A (en) * 1964-03-10 1966-03-22 Monsanto Co Yarn aspirator with severing means
US3423000A (en) * 1965-11-10 1969-01-21 Glanzstoff Ag Device for accumulating filaments during spool-change
US3559860A (en) * 1967-12-18 1971-02-02 Ici Ltd Textile varn handling devices

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3839124A (en) * 1970-04-29 1974-10-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Article and method of manufacture
US4667864A (en) * 1986-09-15 1987-05-26 Burlington Industries, Inc. Low noise and high efficiency doffing gun
CN102678637A (zh) * 2011-08-31 2012-09-19 韩铁夫 复式引射器
CN102678637B (zh) * 2011-08-31 2014-07-23 韩铁夫 复式引射器
CN103016425A (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 一种三级多喷管中心引射器
CN103016425B (zh) * 2012-12-11 2015-07-22 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 一种三级多喷管中心引射器
US20160047396A1 (en) * 2014-06-11 2016-02-18 Bilsing Automation Gmbh Vacuum Generator on the Ejector Principle
WO2021043731A1 (fr) * 2019-09-07 2021-03-11 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif d'aspiration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH507858A (de) 1971-05-31
LU61359A1 (fr) 1970-09-21
NL7007642A (fr) 1971-01-21
FR2055260A5 (fr) 1971-05-07
GB1326217A (en) 1973-08-08
DE1936916A1 (de) 1971-02-11
BE751246A (fr) 1970-11-16
ES379987A1 (es) 1972-10-16
DE1936916B2 (de) 1977-11-24
AT323877B (de) 1975-08-11

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