US3616848A - Support means for heat transfer device - Google Patents

Support means for heat transfer device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3616848A
US3616848A US626453A US3616848DA US3616848A US 3616848 A US3616848 A US 3616848A US 626453 A US626453 A US 626453A US 3616848D A US3616848D A US 3616848DA US 3616848 A US3616848 A US 3616848A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
transfer system
plates
coils
wedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US626453A
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English (en)
Inventor
Werner Kaelin
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0131—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
    • F28F9/08—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints by wedge-type connections, e.g. taper ferrule

Definitions

  • the heat transfer system includes a plurality of wound tube coils fixed within the holes of at least three plates disposed in a radiating axial manner from the axis of the system.
  • the tube coils are wound helically or spirally and are fixed at three points about the holes through which they pass.
  • the invention relates to a heat transfer system or heat exchange device and a method of making the same. More particularly, the invention relates to a heat transfer assembly including a cluster of at least one helically or spirally wound tube.
  • this invention provides a heat transfer system having a cluster or plurality of tubes at least one of which is helically or spirally wound into a tube coil and a plurality of plates which mount the coils of the tube coils and which are disposed radially of the coils and axially of the tube cluster.
  • the plates are provided with holes through which the coils of a tube coil pass and are provided with locking means for fixing the coils within the plates.
  • a wedge is inserted at the locations where the coils pass through the plates between a pair of adjacent tube coils in wedging relation to the coils and rigidly connected, as by tack welding, to the adjacentiplate. Similar wedges are secured to each plate, between each pair of tube coils so that only one wedge on a plate is used for each pair of tube coils thereby reducing the number of wedges.
  • the tube coils pass through wedge-shaped holes in the plates and contact with two spaced points around the hole.
  • a wedge is secured at one end to a plate and disposed in wedging relation to a tube coil passing through the holes of the plate. This effects a three- .point support for each tube passing through a plate while maintaining the initial stress between the wedge and tubepln the event that a tube coil should become loosened the play between the tube and any of the three points ofsupport is slight.
  • each of two adjacent wedgeshaped holes are disposed with thebroad ends in facing relation and a wedge is wedged between the tube coils passing through these holes.
  • This embodiment can be further modified by enlarging each pair of facing wedge-shaped holes so as to form a single slot and by wedging a single wedge between the pair of tube coils passing through the slot. This modification allows a reduction in weight of the plates without affecting the securement of the tube coils in the plates.
  • the sides of the holes or slots which contact the tube coils are formed with outwardly bent flaps which are disposed out of the plate plane and bear resiliently on a tube coil to prevent loosening of the tubes. These flaps bear against the tube coil even during variations in temperature.
  • the wedges are formed with resilient flaps which extend transversely to the plane of the wedges to bear resiliently on the tube coils.
  • the angle between the bearing surface of a wedge and the wedge side of the hole adjacent to the narrow end of the wedge is more than twice the angle of friction.
  • the relative positions of the plates are altered with respect to each other after insertion of the tube coils either by altering the angular positions of the plates or the axial positions through the use of the fixing means.
  • the whole tube cluster is fixed in the plates with one adjusting movement.
  • relative positions of the tube coils can be altered after insertion in the plates to resiliently fix the tube coils in place. This is accomplished by positioning a bar axially of the tube coils in resilient engagement with the coils.
  • the bar can have recesses into which each is fixed to the plates at their point ofintersection.
  • the method provided by the invention includes the steps of securing a plurality of spertured plates together to form a radiating plate structure, coiling at least one straight tube into a helical winding, and inserting the coiled portions of the tube through the apertures of the plates in a helical manner.
  • a further method of the invention includes a simultaneous coiling and insertion through the apertures of the plates of the tube in a single operation.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an elevational view of a heat transfer system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a plan view of the system of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a section through a means for fixing the tubes of a heat transfer system of the invention in place
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a fragmentary section through a modified meansfor fixing the tubes in place
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a bar which is sued in fixing tubes in place according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a fragmentary view of a heat transfer system using the bar of FIG. 5 to fix the tubes in place
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a method of making a heat transfer system according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 schematically illustrates another method of making a heat transfer system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an enlarged view of a pair of holes within a plate and a wedge wedging a pair of tubes into three-point contact according to the invention
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a view taken on line A-B of FIG. ll of a modifiedheat transfer system of the invention
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a view taken on line C-D of FlG.l0.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a view taken on line'E-F of FIG. 10.
  • heat transfer system 1 consists essentially of :pairs of tube coils 2, S of different radii and plates, for example, four plates 4, 5, 6, 7 which are disposed substantially at-right angles to each other to mount the tube coils.
  • Theplates 4, 5, 6, 7 are welded together at the center of the heat transfer system I and radiate therefromaxially of the system.
  • ach plate 4,5, 6, 7 has a plurality of holes whichare of radii corresponding to the radii of the tube coils 2, 3 so as to permit passage of a tube coil with a relatively close fit. In addition, these holes are spaced in accordance with the coil intervals of the tube coils 2, 3.
  • Wedges are secured to all the plates 4, 5, 6, 7 to wedge between the coils not only of the outer tube coil 2 but also the inner concentric tube coils 3 to fix the tube coils 2, 3 inthe plates.
  • wedges 9 are inserted between each pair of coils of tube coil 2 near to the locations of therpassageof the coils through the plate 4 and are secured, as by tack welds, to the plate 4 so as to fix the tube coil 2 in the plate 4.
  • wedges 8 are secured at one end to plate 7 and pass between the coils of the tube coil 2.
  • the tube coils (only two of which are shown for clarity) pass through holes in the plate 7 as well as through a pair of aligned holes in a fork 40 which is slidably mounted over plate 7.
  • the fork 40 has a threaded screw 42 which pass through the top into abutment with the top surface of plate 7 for moving-the fork 40 up and down relative to plate 7.
  • the fork 40 and screw 42 are dimensioned so that when the screw 42 is threaded outwardly of the fork 40 so as to permit the fork 40 to rest directly on theplate 7, the holes in the fork 40 and the holes in the plate 7 are coincidental. The coils of the tube coils can then be passed through theseholes.
  • the plates instead of being fixed together at a common intersection point are constructed to pass one through the other.
  • a screw 11 is threaded into a threaded bore in a portion connecting the opposite plates 4, 6 to contact the upper surface of the connecting portion between the remaining plates 5, 7.
  • the screw 11 is tightened to shift plates 4 and 6 angularly relative to the remaining plates 5 and 7 as well as axially so as to fix the tube coils within the holes of the plates 4, 5, 6, 7.
  • another means for fixing the tube coils in the plates consists of a bar 15, which has recesses 16 along its length on two opposite sides. These recesses are adapted to the radii of the tubes of the tube coils, and the distance a between them corresponds to the tube coil intervals. The distance b between the recesses 16 is greater than the radial distance c between the tube coils 2 and 3.
  • the tube coils are fixed by first inserting the bar between the coils 2 and 3, so that it is at right angles to the position shown in FIG. 6. When the bar 15 is situated at the correct height, it is turned 90 about its longitudinal axis, so that the recesses 16 bear on the tube coils 2 and 3.
  • the tube coils 2 and 3 are braced resiliently in a radial direction, and pressed firmly against the hole walls in the plates 6 and 7.
  • the bar 15 is secured in the position shown in FIG. 6 by welding to it a crossbar 17, which is welded to the plates 6 and 7 at the point where these plates meet.
  • one method of making a heat transfer system for example, having a plurality of apertures plates 4, 5, 6, 7 (as described above) secured in a radiating manner from a displaceable cylindrical body 30 starts with the feeding of a straight tube 22 in the direction indicated by arrow 21 through a series of three rollers 20.
  • the tube 22 is shaped into a coil of constant diameter and constant coil interval by the rollers it is fed through the apertures in the respective plates 4, 5, 6, 7.
  • the next series of apertures is filled in the same manner; the distance between the rollers of the series of rollers 20 being adjusted in accordance with the different radius of curvature of the outer tube coil.
  • a straight tube 25 is initially fed in the direction of arrow 24 through a roller system 26 positioned between adjacent apertures plates 4 and 7 to be bent into a curvature enabling it to pass through three consecutive plates 4, 5 and 6.
  • the curved tube is passed through a second roller system 27 positioned between plates 6 and 7 to be bent into a curvature enabling it to be passed through the following three plates 7, 4 and 5.
  • the curved tube is passed through a roller system 28 positioned between plates 5 and 6 to be bent into a curvature enabling it to pass through plates 6, 7 and 4.
  • the plates of the system for example, plate 4 is provided with holes 48 of wedge-shaped outline for the passage of the coils of the tube coils 2.
  • Each pair of adjacent holes 48 are disposed with the broad ends of the wedge shape in facing relation.
  • Each pair of holes 48 cooperates with a wedge 9 which is secured at its broad end, as by welding, to the plate 4 and is disposed between adjacent coils of pipe coil 2 to fix the coils to the plate 4.
  • the wedge 9 is sized to press the coils through the wedge 49 toward and against the wedge sides of the holes 48 so that each coil is supported reliably at three points.
  • the angle a between the wedge surface 49 and the wedge side of a hole 48 adjacent the narrow end of wedge 9 is larger than twice the angle of friction.
  • the means to fix the coils of tube coil 2 in the plates can also utilize slots 50 which have been formed from pairs of adjacent wedge-shaped holes which are interconnected through removal of the separating piece of the plate between them.
  • each slot 50 has two pairs of flaps 51 bent from the plate 4 into the passage bounded by the slot and out of the plane of the plate 4 to resiliently bear against the two coils passing through the slot.
  • Each pair of flaps 51 engage a single coil at two spaced points.
  • a wedge 9 is disposed to extend over each slot 50 between the pairs of flaps 51 and coils and is secured as by a tack weld 53 to the plate 4 at one end.
  • the wedge 9' has transversely extending flaps 52 along opposite sides which bear resiliently against the coils and cooperates with flaps 51 to support each coil at three points.
  • This three-point support fixes the coils in the plate 4 in a manner to flexibly receive any heat expansion between the coils and plate 4.
  • this resilient fixing means prevents the occurrence of pitting which is of particular advantage where the heat transfer systems are used in nuclear reactors since the wear resulting from pitting could jeopardize the operation of the reactor.
  • a heat-conveying medium flows substantially axially around the cluster of tubes of the heat transfer systems of FIGS. 1, 2, 7 and 9 to 12 whereas, the medium flows substantially radially through the clusters of tubes of the systems of FIG. 8.
  • the coils of the pipe coils which carry known heat transfer mediums can be fixed to the plates of the heat transfer systems of the invention by welding, for example, by tack welds.
  • the number of radiating plates used in accordance with the invention may include three or more plates and may be uniformly or nonuniformly spaced from each other around the circumference of the system.
  • a heat transfer system comprising:
  • a heat transfer system as set forth in claim 1 further comprising a cylindrical body disposed on the axis of the heat transfer system, Said plates being secured to said cylindrical body.
  • each said plate has a plurality of wedge-shaped holes receiving said tube coils, each said coil being in contact at two points with the walls of each hole.
  • each pair of wedge-shaped holes have broad ends thereof in facing relation.
  • each said plate has a plurality of slots receiving said tube coils and a pair of flaps extending into opposite ends of said slot forming wedge surfaces in resilient bearing contact with a coil, and said means includes a wedge disposed across each slot between the coils passing therethrough in contact with said coils.
  • each wedge has a pair of oppositely disposed transverse flaps, each flap resiliently bearing on a coil to form a three-point support with said pair of flaps.
  • an improved mounting arrangement for tubing comprising, a plurality of plates having a plurality of substantially circular openings formed therein, an elongated annular member supporting the plates, said plates extending substantially radially of the member, and a plurality of helically coiled tubes each threadably mounted through some of the openings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US626453A 1966-04-01 1967-03-28 Support means for heat transfer device Expired - Lifetime US3616848A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH482966A CH454931A (de) 1966-04-01 1966-04-01 Wärmeübertrager
CH1809666A CH468608A (de) 1966-04-01 1966-12-16 Wärmeübertrager

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3616848A true US3616848A (en) 1971-11-02

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ID=25696358

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US626453A Expired - Lifetime US3616848A (en) 1966-04-01 1967-03-28 Support means for heat transfer device

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3616848A (OSRAM)
JP (1) JPS5027232B1 (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE696162A (OSRAM)
CH (2) CH454931A (OSRAM)
DE (2) DE1501628A1 (OSRAM)
ES (1) ES338702A1 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR1517231A (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1184953A (OSRAM)
NL (2) NL6608178A (OSRAM)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4671343A (en) * 1982-07-29 1987-06-09 Nisshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger having spirally wound tubes
US4834173A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-30 American Standard Inc. Pressure actuated baffle seal
WO2009071037A1 (de) * 2007-12-03 2009-06-11 Haase Gfk-Technik Gmbh Spiral wärmetauscher mit plattenförmigen träger
US9618229B2 (en) 2010-04-26 2017-04-11 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchange device having dual heat exchangers
CN106767105A (zh) * 2017-01-19 2017-05-31 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 一种大盘管换热器换热管的支撑系统
US20180224219A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2018-08-09 Casale Shell-and-tube equipment with antivibration baffles and related assembling method
CN110081727A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-02 山西八达镁业有限公司 一种逆流式星形辊换热器高温渣余热利用系统及方法

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE7505362L (sv) * 1975-05-07 1976-11-08 Atomenergi Ab Vermevexlingsanordning
CH646245A5 (de) * 1980-09-17 1984-11-15 Sulzer Ag Waermeuebertrager mit rohrwendeln und mindestens einer gruppe von stuetzplatten fuer die rohrwendeln.
JPS58178447U (ja) * 1982-05-26 1983-11-29 三國工業株式会社 気化器のスタ−タ
FR2530328B1 (fr) * 1982-07-16 1987-06-05 Puma Chausson Radiadores Echangeur de chaleur a tubes verrouilles au collecteur
DE3632777A1 (de) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-09 Draack & Meyer Polytetra Waermeaustauscher
AT395754B (de) * 1991-09-27 1993-03-25 Waagner Biro Ag Auflagerung der rohre wie z.b. rippenrohre
US5181561A (en) * 1991-11-07 1993-01-26 Lansing Overhaul And Repair, Inc. Stiffener for use with a heat exchanger
DE4141132C2 (de) * 1991-12-13 1995-06-29 Preussenelektra Ag Dampfkondensator
JPH0755384A (ja) * 1993-08-19 1995-03-03 Sanden Corp 多管式熱交換器

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1488188A (en) * 1921-05-07 1924-03-25 Anderberg Anders Combined feed-water heater and spark arrester
US1901090A (en) * 1929-11-30 1933-03-14 Siemens Ag Multiple heat exchange coil
US2162152A (en) * 1935-02-27 1939-06-13 William A Wulle Air conditioning system
AT157156B (de) * 1936-04-17 1939-10-10 Hans Hechenleitner Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohrschlangen, insbesondere für Durchlaufbatterien.
GB520071A (en) * 1938-07-07 1940-04-12 Walter Douglas Lamont Improvements in or relating to steam generators
US2204614A (en) * 1935-06-29 1940-06-18 Hoover Co Method of making a heat exchanger
US2980404A (en) * 1957-11-07 1961-04-18 Union Carbide Corp Heat exchange device
GB914083A (en) * 1960-10-13 1962-12-28 Bundy Tubing Co Improvements in or relating to heat exchange coils and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same
US3077226A (en) * 1956-11-15 1963-02-12 Arrow Ind Mfg Company Heat exchange device
GB920836A (en) * 1959-09-04 1963-03-13 Head Wrightson & Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to tubular heat exchangers
US3160204A (en) * 1962-08-29 1964-12-08 Gen Electric Heat exchange including improved supporting bracket
US3274755A (en) * 1958-07-10 1966-09-27 Pica Soc Nouv Apparatus for the adsorptive recovery of solvents
US3286767A (en) * 1964-10-01 1966-11-22 Babcock & Wilcox Co Tube support arrangement

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156538A (en) * 1936-07-22 1939-05-02 Emma C Maynes Method of making heat transfer units
GB580917A (en) * 1944-12-01 1946-09-24 Bowman E J Birmingham Ltd Improvements in condensers or coolers primarily for refrigerators
US2859946A (en) * 1955-01-31 1958-11-11 John R Boyle Heat exchange device

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1488188A (en) * 1921-05-07 1924-03-25 Anderberg Anders Combined feed-water heater and spark arrester
US1901090A (en) * 1929-11-30 1933-03-14 Siemens Ag Multiple heat exchange coil
US2162152A (en) * 1935-02-27 1939-06-13 William A Wulle Air conditioning system
US2204614A (en) * 1935-06-29 1940-06-18 Hoover Co Method of making a heat exchanger
AT157156B (de) * 1936-04-17 1939-10-10 Hans Hechenleitner Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohrschlangen, insbesondere für Durchlaufbatterien.
GB520071A (en) * 1938-07-07 1940-04-12 Walter Douglas Lamont Improvements in or relating to steam generators
US3077226A (en) * 1956-11-15 1963-02-12 Arrow Ind Mfg Company Heat exchange device
US2980404A (en) * 1957-11-07 1961-04-18 Union Carbide Corp Heat exchange device
US3274755A (en) * 1958-07-10 1966-09-27 Pica Soc Nouv Apparatus for the adsorptive recovery of solvents
GB920836A (en) * 1959-09-04 1963-03-13 Head Wrightson & Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to tubular heat exchangers
GB914083A (en) * 1960-10-13 1962-12-28 Bundy Tubing Co Improvements in or relating to heat exchange coils and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same
US3160204A (en) * 1962-08-29 1964-12-08 Gen Electric Heat exchange including improved supporting bracket
US3286767A (en) * 1964-10-01 1966-11-22 Babcock & Wilcox Co Tube support arrangement

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4671343A (en) * 1982-07-29 1987-06-09 Nisshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger having spirally wound tubes
US4834173A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-30 American Standard Inc. Pressure actuated baffle seal
WO2009071037A1 (de) * 2007-12-03 2009-06-11 Haase Gfk-Technik Gmbh Spiral wärmetauscher mit plattenförmigen träger
US9618229B2 (en) 2010-04-26 2017-04-11 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchange device having dual heat exchangers
US20180224219A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2018-08-09 Casale Shell-and-tube equipment with antivibration baffles and related assembling method
US10788273B2 (en) * 2015-07-06 2020-09-29 Casale Sa Shell-and-tube equipment with antivibration baffles and related assembling method
CN106767105A (zh) * 2017-01-19 2017-05-31 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 一种大盘管换热器换热管的支撑系统
CN110081727A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-02 山西八达镁业有限公司 一种逆流式星形辊换热器高温渣余热利用系统及方法
CN110081727B (zh) * 2019-05-28 2024-03-05 山西八达镁业有限公司 一种逆流式星形辊换热器高温渣余热利用系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL143687B (nl) 1974-10-15
NL6700258A (OSRAM) 1968-06-17
JPS5027232B1 (OSRAM) 1975-09-05
NL6608178A (OSRAM) 1967-10-02
FR1517231A (fr) 1968-03-15
DE1501628B2 (OSRAM) 1970-06-11
ES338702A1 (es) 1968-04-01
DE1501634A1 (de) 1970-09-03
GB1184953A (en) 1970-03-18
DE1501628A1 (de) 1970-01-02
CH454931A (de) 1968-04-30
DE1501634B2 (de) 1971-09-30
CH468608A (de) 1969-02-15
BE696162A (OSRAM) 1967-09-28

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