US3518849A - Hide processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Hide processing method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3518849A
US3518849A US779036A US3518849DA US3518849A US 3518849 A US3518849 A US 3518849A US 779036 A US779036 A US 779036A US 3518849D A US3518849D A US 3518849DA US 3518849 A US3518849 A US 3518849A
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United States
Prior art keywords
drum
hides
processing
opening
hide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US779036A
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English (en)
Inventor
William S Eggleston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEGALLET PAUL
PAUL LEGALLET
WILLIAM S EGGLESTON
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C15/00—Apparatus for chemical treatment or washing of hides, skins, or leather
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B2700/00—Mechanical treatment or processing of skins, hides or leather in general; Pelt-shearing machines; Making driving belts; Machines for splitting intestines
    • C14B2700/27—Rotating drums for treating leather

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods and apparatus for processing animal hides to be converted to leather.
  • Coloring and fat liqu0ring is adding a dye.
  • Fat liquoring is adding oils to make the leather soft.
  • a wooden drum In the prior art processing of hides, a wooden drum has been used.
  • the wooden drum is, in effect, a churn. It is normally about feet in diameter by about 8 feet in width.
  • the inside surface of the drum has shelves and pegs which produce a tumbling action on the hides loaded in the drum.
  • the hides are loaded into the drum through a door in the peripherial surface of the drum.
  • the useable capacity of the drum is less than one-half of the total capacity. That is, the processing operation requires that different chemicals be added at different times. Chemicals are fed through the gudgeon of the drum. As the gudgeon also is the trunnion of the drum as it turns, this is a limiting factor. You can not have the level of the processing solution above the level of the gudgeon. Also, the tumbling action required imposes a limitation on the amount of material that can be loaded in the drum and still produce adequate tumbling action.
  • the present invention has both method and apparatus aspects.
  • the present invention includes an elongated drum mounted for rotation about an axis that is inclined from both the horizontal and vertical.
  • the drum is large enough to hold a large quantity of cattle hides or other animal hides.
  • the inside surface of the drum has spiral fins which produce a spiral blending action when the drum is rotated.
  • the fins also aid in charging and discharging hides in the drum (as will be described in greater detail below).
  • the fins have beads on the inner edges of the fins. The beads serve two functions. The beads serve to prevent tearing of the hides. The beads also permit the hides to go completely against the inner face of the drum in the vicinity of the fins.
  • the upper end of the drum may be left open. No closurer is required.
  • the coaction between the tilt of the drum, the spiral blading of the fins and rotation of the drum in a loading and blending direction keeps the hides and processing solution in the drum.
  • the drum can be loaded to about -85% of its volumetric capacity.
  • the present invention produces a better action than the prior art mill type of wooden drum.
  • the hides come out cleaner. There is some degree of scudding. More of the hair roots and dirt are removed (with the present invention) than with the prior art wooden drum techniques.
  • the mechanical action produces a better end product.
  • the present invention produces a kneading and blending action. As noted above, the present invention produces a certain degree of scudding. Scudding is a spiral surface treatment in the prior art.
  • the drum is mobile.
  • the drum, and the drive rotating the drum can be taken right to the slaughterhouse. That is, the drum can be mounted on a wheeled trailer and can be towed by a semitractor to and from the slaughterhouse and tannery.
  • Deterioration shows up in several ways. It shows up as pin-holes, as salt stains and as actual rotting of the hide.
  • the hides can be loaded directly in the drum at the slaughterhouse as the animals are killed and the hides are trimmed.
  • the drum in this case, contains water and a bacteriacide.
  • the drum can be rotated to tumble and mix the hides on occasion during the time that the hides are being loaded in the drum.
  • the transporter with the drum is hooked up to a semitractor and towed back to the tannery.
  • the drum can be rotated in route to start the dehairing process.
  • the drum can be driven interchangeably from a power takeolf on the tractor and from the power drive at the plant. Alternatively, the drive rotating the drum can be mounted directly on the drum transporter trailer.
  • the dehairing process takes about twelve hours. Only parts of the twelve hours are used 3 for mechanical action. At other time intervals of that twelve hour period the drum is standing stationary.
  • the drum will cure (brine cure) as Well as dehair. It is possible to go right to the slaughterhouse and brine cure. The entire curing operation can be done in the drum by washing and salting in the drum. It is not necessary to hide wash and then use a brine raceway to preserve the hides prior to further processing at a later time, as is necessary in the prior art.
  • the drum can be used for some or for all of the processing involved in converting the hide to leather. If the shell of the drum is made of a plain steel and the drum is used for all of the processing, the inside of the drum has to be lined with some material that does not react with the chemicals used in the later parts of the leather processing procedure. In this case the drum can be lined with a suitable material, such as plastic and Fiberglas or stainless steel.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are side elevation and end elevation views (in cross section) of a wooden hide processing drum constructed in accordance with the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of a hide processing drum constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating the spiral blending action of the drum of the present invention on the hides being processed inside the drum;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation view, partly broken away to show details of the internal fins and drain arrangement
  • FIG. 7 is an end elevation view of the drum shown in FIG. 3 showing the hides being augered out of the drum by the fins when the direction of rotation of the drum is reversed to unload the drum;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross section view taken along the line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 88 in FIG. 6 and showing details of the drain arrangement.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a wooden drum for processing hides constructed in accordance with the prior art.
  • the prior art drum is indicated generally by the reference numeral 21. Hides are loaded into and unloaded out of the drum 21 through an opening in the periphery of the drum. This opening is closed by a door 22.
  • the drum 21 is mounted for rotation on supports 23.
  • the mechanical action required to process the hides is produced by a series of shelves 26. As the drum is rotated, the shelves 26 pick up the hides and then drop the hides in a churn or mill type of action.
  • This prior art drum has a number of limitations. As noted above, not more than half of the capacity of the drum can be used. Loading and unloading through the opening covered by the door 22 is a difiicult and cumbersome operation. The hides quite commonly clog up the opening during unloading. Drainage is dilficult. When the door 22 is replaced with a screen to drain the drum, the hides often cover the opening and prevent effective drainage.
  • FIG. 3 a drum construction in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 31.
  • the drum 31 is an elongated drum which is mounted for rotation about an axis inclined from both the horizontal and the vertical. With particular reference to FIG. 6, the drum is mounted for rotation in a rear support 32 and on a front support 33. The upper end of the drum is rotatable on rollers 34.
  • the upper end of the drum has an opening 36 and the portion of the drum below the level of this opening forms the hide treatment zone as shown generally by the fluid in FIG. 6.
  • a drive motor 37 is connected to drive the drum in either direction of rotation and at different speeds of rotation.
  • the drive motor may be a hydraulic drive motor.
  • the inside of the drum has a plurality of working elements in the form of spiral shaped fins 38.
  • the fins extend normal to the inner face of the drum, are circumferentially spaced from one another and are disposed in spirals as illustrated whereby the fins move through the hide treatment zone with components of axial and transverse motion to produce a highly eificient blending and kneading action on the hides when the drum is rotated in one direction.
  • the fins auger the hides out of the drum through the opening 36 when the drum is rotated in the opposite direction.
  • each fin 38 is formed with a round bead 39 (see FIG. 8) which helps to prevent tearing of the hides and which also permits the hides to move into contact with the inner face of the drum closely adjacent the base of the fin 38-.
  • the drum 31 includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced drain openings 41, and these circumferentially spaced drain openings 41 may also be placed at one or more locations along the length of the drum.
  • Plugs 42 are used to close off the drain openings 41.
  • Each drain opening is covered on the inside by a guard or screen 43 which acts as a sieve to prevent clogging.
  • the screen 43 extends circumferentially about the inside of the drum and is arch shaped (as best shown in cross section in the lower part of FIG. 6). This screen arrangement prevents clogging of the drain openings and permits the drain opening to drain at any point on the underside of the drum. That is, so long as the drain opening is below the level of the processing solution, as indicated in FIG. 6, the screen 43 will permit liquid to run through the screen and out the drain opening without clogging.
  • a conveyer 46 can be located beneath the opening 36 so that the hides H, when angered out of the drum by reversing the direction of rotation in the manner indicated in FIG. 7, can be readily transported away from the drum without any need to handle the hides manually.
  • a conveyer 47, hopper, or other automatic loading means can be associated with the open upper end of the drum 31 for automatic charging of the drum.
  • the mechanical action produced by the present invention is much better than that produced by the prior art.
  • the hides H are .given a spiral blending action which can be visualized as a continuous falling down hill.
  • the lowermost hides in the drum are urged downwardly along the incline of the drum due to the spiral form of the fins and the weight of the remaining hides is imposed on these lowermost hides to resist free movement thereof and cause a kneading action as a portion of the lowermost hides overruns the fins.
  • the uppermost hides circulate in the reverse axial direction until engaged by a fin.
  • the hides H are not picked .up and dropped, as is the case with the shelves 26 of the ripr art drum.
  • this different mechanical action of the present invention is highly beneficial.
  • the angle of inclination of the drum 31 can be varied and still produce this spiral blending action. As the angle of inclination of the rotational axis of the drum is increased, with respect to the horizontal, the capacity-of the drum is increased. It is possible to use 80-85% of the volumetric capacity of the drum for processing hides. The angle of inclination from the horizontal is limited only by the mechanical action required on the hides. If the angle is too great, the drum will not produce adequate mechanical action. While the angle from the horizontal disclosed in FIG.
  • the drive motor 37 is preferably adapted to drive the drum at different speeds of rotation at different stages of processing of the hides. It is desirable to be able to rotate the drum 31 faster in the tanning operation than in some of the prior processing steps.
  • a hydraulic drive motor which permits continuous variation in the speed and close control of the speed can be used.
  • the drum 31 can be mounted on a mobile transport vehicle, such as a trailer having wheels 40, so that the drum can be taken directly to the slaughterhouse.
  • a mobile transport vehicle such as a trailer having wheels 40
  • Apparatus for processing animal hides to be converted to finished leather comprising:
  • (B) means extending throughout substantially the entire length of said drum for working a substantial weight of hides within said zone, said means comprising at least one spiral fin aifixed to said cylindrical wall and extending inwardly therefrom, and
  • the lowermost of said hides are conveyed downwardly under substantial pressure exerted by the weight of overlying hides, said pressure resisting free movement of said lowermost hides thereby forcing a portion thereof to overrun said working means and thus be kneaded thereby, said predetermined angle of inclination being within a range the upper limit of which preserves said kneading action and the lower limit of which preserves a capacity for said substantial weight of hides within said zone.
  • each fin has a rounded bead to prevent damaging the hides and to permit the hides to go up against the inner surface of the drum adjacent the fins.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 4 including a conveyer beneath the opening for transporting the hides away from the drum as the hides are augered out of the opening.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 1 including drain openings in the drum and internal arched screens which extend circumferentially about the inside of the drum and over the drain openings to prevent blockage of the openings by the hides and to permit the drain openings to drain at any angle on the underside of the drum.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 1 including a wheeled carriage for the drum which permits the drum to be transported back and forth between a slaughterhouse and a tannery and wherein the drive means are connected to rotate the drum to process the hides in route.
  • a method of processing animal hides to be converted to finished leather comprising the steps of:
  • processing fluids are withdrawn through a path originating in the lower confines of said zone.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
US779036A 1968-11-26 1968-11-26 Hide processing method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3518849A (en)

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US77903668A 1968-11-26 1968-11-26

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US3518849A true US3518849A (en) 1970-07-07

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US779036A Expired - Lifetime US3518849A (en) 1968-11-26 1968-11-26 Hide processing method and apparatus

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US (1) US3518849A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BR (1) BR6914506D0 (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1958910A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2024292B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1290347A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3659440A (en) * 1971-02-16 1972-05-02 Lee R Lyon Liquid drain structure for hide processing apparatus
US3664161A (en) * 1970-10-06 1972-05-23 Canada Barrels & Kegs Ltd Fiberglass processing tank
US3665735A (en) * 1970-08-19 1972-05-30 Challenge Cook Bros Inc Method and apparatus for the bulk process of hides or the like
US3670534A (en) * 1969-03-20 1972-06-20 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Apparatus and process for treating hides
US3735611A (en) * 1970-04-01 1973-05-29 Centre Techn Cuir Treatment barrel
US3795121A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-03-05 Canada Barrels & Kegs Ltd Helical shelf for rotary inclined processing tank
US3913360A (en) * 1973-08-25 1975-10-21 Turner Machinery Ltd Tanning machinery
US4118959A (en) * 1977-06-23 1978-10-10 S. B. Foot Tanning Company Hide processing machine and method
DE3029856A1 (de) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-25 Ludwig Dose Vorrichtung zum gerben, faerben o.dgl.
FR2491735A1 (fr) * 1980-10-14 1982-04-16 Challenge Cook Bros Inc Appareil et procede de petrissage et de traitement de produits alimentaires, mecanisme de commande de la porte d'un tambour de traitement et procede de commande de ce tambour
US4430002A (en) 1981-03-16 1984-02-07 Challenge-Cook Brothers, Inc. Door-operating mechanism
US4517888A (en) * 1980-10-14 1985-05-21 Challenge-Cook Brothers, Inc. Food processor
US4657771A (en) * 1980-10-14 1987-04-14 Challenge-Cook Brothers, Inc. Method for kneading food pieces
WO2006013442A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2006-02-09 Erretre S.P.A. Drum structure for treatment of leathers and like products
CN102021253A (zh) * 2010-12-16 2011-04-20 长兴五洲皮革机械有限公司 一种转鼓
CN102115797A (zh) * 2010-11-25 2011-07-06 浙江中辉皮草有限公司 木转鼓结构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES436896A1 (es) * 1975-04-17 1975-07-16 Cots Perfeccionamientos en bombos para el tratamiento de pieles.
AU4353785A (en) * 1984-05-11 1985-12-13 Pillard, C. Foulon perfectionne pour le traitement des peaux ou autres materiaux

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US567574A (en) * 1896-09-15 Samuel barrett
GB225460A (en) * 1924-05-05 1924-12-04 Herman Gottlieb Schmid Improvements relating to the treatment of hides and skins
US2029126A (en) * 1934-03-01 1936-01-28 T L Smith Co Mixing apparatus
US2676003A (en) * 1951-04-03 1954-04-20 Oury Engineering Company Power-transmitting means for transit concrete mixers
US2685188A (en) * 1952-01-15 1954-08-03 Washex Machinery Corp Rotary washing and dry cleaning machine
US3080152A (en) * 1959-04-01 1963-03-05 Chain Belt Co Hydraulically driven transit mixer
US3161403A (en) * 1962-04-16 1964-12-15 Pet Milk Company Angular tumbling screw blender
US3164002A (en) * 1962-07-30 1965-01-05 Osmocure Proprietary Ltd Apparatus for treating hides
US3349582A (en) * 1965-07-23 1967-10-31 Richard E Quinn Rotatable drum and drain valve therefor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE446729C (de) * 1924-03-04 1927-07-08 Johannes Luettig Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Nassbehandeln von Haeuten und Fellen
GB262451A (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1925-12-03 1928-03-05 The Turner Tanning Machinery Co., Limited
US2687286A (en) * 1952-04-19 1954-08-24 Chain Belt Co Transit concrete mixer drum

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US567574A (en) * 1896-09-15 Samuel barrett
GB225460A (en) * 1924-05-05 1924-12-04 Herman Gottlieb Schmid Improvements relating to the treatment of hides and skins
US2029126A (en) * 1934-03-01 1936-01-28 T L Smith Co Mixing apparatus
US2676003A (en) * 1951-04-03 1954-04-20 Oury Engineering Company Power-transmitting means for transit concrete mixers
US2685188A (en) * 1952-01-15 1954-08-03 Washex Machinery Corp Rotary washing and dry cleaning machine
US3080152A (en) * 1959-04-01 1963-03-05 Chain Belt Co Hydraulically driven transit mixer
US3161403A (en) * 1962-04-16 1964-12-15 Pet Milk Company Angular tumbling screw blender
US3164002A (en) * 1962-07-30 1965-01-05 Osmocure Proprietary Ltd Apparatus for treating hides
US3349582A (en) * 1965-07-23 1967-10-31 Richard E Quinn Rotatable drum and drain valve therefor

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3670534A (en) * 1969-03-20 1972-06-20 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Apparatus and process for treating hides
US3735611A (en) * 1970-04-01 1973-05-29 Centre Techn Cuir Treatment barrel
US3665735A (en) * 1970-08-19 1972-05-30 Challenge Cook Bros Inc Method and apparatus for the bulk process of hides or the like
US3664161A (en) * 1970-10-06 1972-05-23 Canada Barrels & Kegs Ltd Fiberglass processing tank
US3659440A (en) * 1971-02-16 1972-05-02 Lee R Lyon Liquid drain structure for hide processing apparatus
US3795121A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-03-05 Canada Barrels & Kegs Ltd Helical shelf for rotary inclined processing tank
US3913360A (en) * 1973-08-25 1975-10-21 Turner Machinery Ltd Tanning machinery
US4118959A (en) * 1977-06-23 1978-10-10 S. B. Foot Tanning Company Hide processing machine and method
DE3029856A1 (de) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-25 Ludwig Dose Vorrichtung zum gerben, faerben o.dgl.
FR2491735A1 (fr) * 1980-10-14 1982-04-16 Challenge Cook Bros Inc Appareil et procede de petrissage et de traitement de produits alimentaires, mecanisme de commande de la porte d'un tambour de traitement et procede de commande de ce tambour
US4517888A (en) * 1980-10-14 1985-05-21 Challenge-Cook Brothers, Inc. Food processor
US4657771A (en) * 1980-10-14 1987-04-14 Challenge-Cook Brothers, Inc. Method for kneading food pieces
US4430002A (en) 1981-03-16 1984-02-07 Challenge-Cook Brothers, Inc. Door-operating mechanism
WO2006013442A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2006-02-09 Erretre S.P.A. Drum structure for treatment of leathers and like products
CN1989258B (zh) * 2004-07-27 2010-05-05 埃雷特雷股份公司 用于处理皮革和类似产品的滚筒结构
CN102115797A (zh) * 2010-11-25 2011-07-06 浙江中辉皮草有限公司 木转鼓结构
CN102115797B (zh) * 2010-11-25 2013-08-28 浙江中辉皮草有限公司 木转鼓结构
CN102021253A (zh) * 2010-12-16 2011-04-20 长兴五洲皮革机械有限公司 一种转鼓

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2024292A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-08-28
BR6914506D0 (pt) 1973-03-13
FR2024292B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1973-10-19
DE1958910A1 (de) 1970-06-18
GB1290347A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-09-27

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