US3356256A - Safety container for explosive fluids - Google Patents

Safety container for explosive fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3356256A
US3356256A US503754A US50375465A US3356256A US 3356256 A US3356256 A US 3356256A US 503754 A US503754 A US 503754A US 50375465 A US50375465 A US 50375465A US 3356256 A US3356256 A US 3356256A
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United States
Prior art keywords
netting
filler
container
ribbons
layers
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US503754A
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English (en)
Inventor
Szego Joseph
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to US503754A priority Critical patent/US3356256A/en
Priority to GB46573/66A priority patent/GB1131687A/en
Priority to DES58925U priority patent/DE1975171U/de
Priority to CH1549066A priority patent/CH468290A/fr
Priority to SE14408/66A priority patent/SE322420B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3356256A publication Critical patent/US3356256A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to DAVENPORT RESEARCH INC. reassignment DAVENPORT RESEARCH INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: EXPLOSAFE AMERICA INC.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/14—Explosion or fire protection arrangements on packages or ammunition
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/38—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers
    • B65D90/40—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers by use of fillings of porous materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/90—Rupture proof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fluid containers, particularly to containers for inflammable and/or explosive fluids; the term fluids being deemed to cover both liquids and gases.
  • filler is that disclosed in Canadian Patent No. 652,316 in which I am named as co-inventor, and consists wholly of metal wool, the fluid contents of the container being accommodated in the interstices of the wool.
  • This type of filler has not proved wholly satisfactory because although when the filler was first inserted in the container it might have occupied substantially the Whole thereof, it tended to become displaced and compressed by the action of the liquid in the container to an extent whereby it was squeezed into one corner of the container, for example, leaving whole regions of the container completely unprotected by the filler.
  • a fluid container comprising an outer shell enclosing a fluid chamber and a filler occupying substantially the whole of said chamber.
  • the filler is composed, for at least the major part, of a species of netting made up of interconnected metallic ribbons whose widths are misaligned with, and preferably perpendicular to, the general plane of the netting thereby stiffening the netting.
  • the netting as a whole is relatively thin permitting free flow and levelling of fluids within the chamber whereby filling and emptying of the container is not appreciably impeded.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portable gasoline can in accordance with the invention, certain portions of the can being broken away to reveal otherwise concealed internal detail;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of a layer of coarse mesh netting as contemplated by the invention superimposed upon a fine mesh netting layer;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged isometric view of a fragment of metallic netting
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the netting of FIG. 3 seen in the direction of the arrow IV of that figure;
  • FIG. 5 is an end elevation of the netting of FIG. 3 seen in the direction of the arrow V of that figure;
  • FIG. 6 is an isometric view generally corresponding to FIG. 3 but showing a different type of netting
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary isometric view of a filler unit in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a view generally corresponding to FIG. 7 but showing another form of filler unit
  • FIG. 9 is a much enlarged isometric view of a small portion of the netting shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 A container 2 in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the container 2 is shown as a portable gasoline can including an outer shell 4 which defines a fluid chamber 6 wherein the fluid contents of the can are held.
  • the container 2 in accordance with conventional practice also includes inlet and outlet facilities for the chamber 6, said facilities in the present instance consisting of a simple spout 8 which functions as both inlet and outlet for the chamber 6.
  • the chamber 6 contains a filler 10 which occupies substantially the whole of said chamber. It should be noted that the invention is principally directed to the combination of the container and the tiller, although invention is also believed to reside in the filler itself and the ensuing description therefore relates to both these aspects of the invention.
  • This desideratum is achieved by installing in the interior of the container a filler providing numerous interlaced conductors by which a concentration of heat at any one spot is expeditiously disseminated throughout the filler to the farthest extremities of the container and so rendered harmless.
  • netting 12 composed of integrally connected ribbons 14 of thin, relatively malleable metal which is, of course, thermoconductive and non-inflammable.
  • Various types of netting 12 are shown in FIGS. 2-6 and 9.
  • the netting itself is relatively thin-that is to say its dimension perpendicular to its plane P is smail and may be arranged in layers and/ or convolutions and/ or other dispositions within the chamber 6 as will be described in greater detail hereinafter.
  • the netting 12 has been shown more or less symbolically in FIG. 1, the structure thereof being better shown in the enlarged scale views of FIGS. 3 and 9.
  • the ribbons 14 may be interconnected and merge with each other at spaced points along their edges, an indicated at in FIG. 3.
  • the ribbons 14 are so arranged in the netting 12 that their widths W (or their own planes) are misaligned with the general plane P of the netting.
  • the widths W of the ribbons are substantially perpendicular to the plane P, while in FIG. 6 the ribbons 14 are twisted to misalign their widths W with the plane P.
  • the planes of the ribbons 14 are disposed at a substantial angle to the plane P.
  • the misalignment has the effect of stiffening the netting 12 to resist bending forces acting generally perpendicularly to the plane P.
  • the ribbons 14 are formed of thin relatively malleable metal and may be readily bendable about axes parallel to the direction of their widths W. It will be appreciated, however, that the ribbons 14 are much more strongly resistant to bending about axes parallel to the direction of their thickness and that the netting 12 being composed of ribbons 14 with their widths misaligned with the plane P of the netting, is thereby stiffened as aforesaid. Since it is envisaged that the directions of the thickness of the ribbons 14 and of the thickness of the netting 12 as a whole will be more or less perpendicular to each other, to avoid confusion it should be explained that the thickness of the ribbons is the dimension sometimes referred to in the case of sheet metal as the gauge.
  • the primary function of the filler 10 is to dissipate heat concentrations and accordingly the netting 12 is required to fill the chamber 6 as completely as possible to achieve maximal heat dispersal.
  • the primary function of the container 2 is to hold fluid and it is highly desirable that the filler 10 should have a minimal displacement and weight so that the fluid capacity of the chamber 6 is not seriously reduced and the overall weight of the container 2 and its contents is not appreciably increased.
  • the netting 12 has been found highly satisfactory from this point of view since it is possible to achieve an effective filling of the chamber 6 by using said netting in quantities with a displacement equivalent to between one and three percent of the volume of the chamber 6, a typical filler 10 having a displacement equivalent to approximately two percent of the volume of chamber 6.
  • filler, fill and filling as used herein in connection with the netting 12 indicate only that the netting as a whole constitutes or forms the major part of a bulky unit which extends over substantially the full length, breadth and height of the chamber 6, although as indicated above the actual displacement of such unit may be as little as one percent of the volume of the chamber 6. It will be obvious that this bulk/displacement ratio is achieved by reason mainly of the large number of open interstices 16 in the netting 12 which communicates with each other, as will be explained in more detail hereinafter, and form, as it were, cells in which the fluid contents of the container 2 are receivable.
  • the ribbons 14 may be of aluminum and in any event should be resistant to corrosion by the fluids to which they will be exposed in use.
  • netting 12 as contemplated by the invention may be formed of aluminum ribbons inch wide and .006 inch thick, the meshes of the netting having a dimension of approximately A inch in the direction of the plane P of the netting.
  • the various thicknesses of netting 12 offer very little if any impedance to the movement of liquid in the container.
  • the efficiency of the invention may be further assessed from the following exemplary data.
  • the coefficient of thermal conductivity of aluminum at 300 C. is .64 c.g.s. units.
  • This quantity of netting when spread out in a fiat state would cover a plane area of 354.8 square metres and may be rolled, folded or otherwise layered to make a filler for filling the space of one cubic metre within the container.
  • 354.8 square metres of netting with the above mentioned coefficient of thermal conductivity are capable of conducting 1060 million calories per hour or about 300,000 calories per second.
  • the container in question may be an aircraft fuel tank, or part thereof, containing gasoline.
  • said container may become fractured and permit leakage of gasoline therefrom; this being a fairly common condition.
  • the gasoline leaking from the tank may then ignite creating a source of intense heat about the fractured tank.
  • the ignition temperature of gasoline is about 280 C. and when burning freely the flames may not be expected to exceed this temperature.
  • the filler 10 of the invention would be more than adequate to prevent the internal temperature of the tank from attaining the ignition temperature of its contents.
  • Ribbons formed of anodized aluminum have been found somewhat stronger and, in some applications, more corrosion resistant than those of non-anodized aluminum, and certain alloys, such as aluminum alloyed with beryllium and/or titanium, have also been found suitable for the purposes of the invention.
  • netting with larger or smaller interstices and formed of ribbons of other material having other widths and thicknesses may be used.
  • the invention contemplates, in fact, that under certain conditions the filler may comprise netting 12 of different mesh sizes and different thicknesses.
  • a filler formation may be employed wherein layers of relatively fine but weak mesh netting having higher conductivity are interposed between layers of relatively coarse mesh netting; the ribbons in the fine mesh netting being preferably thinner (of smaller gauge) and narrower than those of the coarse mesh netting.
  • the terms fine and coarse indicate that the interstices of the netting are respectively small and large.
  • FIG. 7 shows a convoluted filler unit 10a wherein a web of coarse mesh netting and two webs of fine mesh netting are wound together so that the resulting unit comprises a plurality of layers 12a of coarse mesh netting between each pair of which'are disposed two layers 12b of fine mesh netting.
  • a small air space has been shown between the several layers, although in practice the respective layers 12a and 12b of the unit are more or less contiguous with the layers adjacent thereto.
  • the interstices 16 of each layer are out of registration with the corresponding interstices of adjacent layers whereby each interstice constitutes, as it were, a fluid cell communicating with other fluid cells.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in plan, a portion of a layer 12a superimposed upon a portion of a single layer 12!).
  • fluid can circulate within the filler unit 19a not only through the interstices 16, but also, to some extent, between the layers 12a and 12b, and that it is free to circulate in all directions and rapidly levels itself within the container 2, this feature being due to the fact that the netting 12 does not include any single element of substantial area which could form a dam and obstruct the free flow offiuid within the container.
  • the container 2 is shown in a tilted condition in FIG. 1 and the level of gasoline therein 'is indicated by the broken line 18.
  • the filler 10 may be composed of or include one or more units Ilia.
  • the fine mesh netting which, although stiffened by the disposition of its component ribbons as previously described, may yet be relatively flexible in comparison with the coarse mesh netting, serves to disperse and dissipate heat more rapidly than the coarse mesh netting, whereas the coarse mesh netting is stiffer than and reinforces the fine mesh netting against crushing and compression within the chamber 6 such as may be caused by movement of fluid within a partly filled container. That is to say if a container 2 contains a quantity of fluid short of its total capacity, said fluid will tend to swill about within the container when the latter is agitated and such movement may stress the filler 10 and exert compressive forces thereon.
  • the netting 12 as a whole i.e. in FIG. 7 the combination of layers 12a and 12b
  • the netting 12 may, of course, be arranged in other Ways, one possible alternative arrangement being illustrated in FIG. 8 which shows a filler unit 10b.
  • the unit 16b includes a layer 120 of stiff coarse mesh netting which is corrugated to enhance its stiffness still 6 further.
  • Layers 12d of relatively flexible fine mesh netting are disposed on each side thereof, the whole being fastened together as by wire (not shown) to form a laminar structure.
  • a plurality of units 1012 may be used to form a complete filler 10, or one or more units 10b may be assembled with one or more units 10a or other filler units to make up a complete filler.
  • the filler 10 of FIG. 1 is shown as including a filler unit 10b disposed horizontally in the lower part of chamber 6, a plurality of filler units 10a disposed horizontally in the middle part of the chamber 6 and a filler unit 100, which may consist entirely of convoluted fine mesh netting, horizontally disposed at the top of the chamber 6. It will be apparent that the filler unit is positioned where it will be least exposed to compressive forces but where it protects a space which becomes filled with an explosive mixture of gasoline and air as gasoline is poured from the container 2, and where rapid dissipation of heat concentrations is particularly important.
  • FIG. 1 Also shown in FIG. 1 is a plug 26 filling the container spout 8.
  • the plug 20 is composed of netting 12 and may be a narrow strip of such netting rolled into cylindrical form as shown.
  • the inner end of the plug 20 may contact one or more of the filler units in the chamber 6 and it will be understood that the plug permits free flow of fluid through the spout 8 during filling or emptying of the container 2.
  • the invention provides an explosion inhibiting filler for the interior of a container for inflammable fluids comprising a netting ofintegrally connected, thermoconductive ribbons.
  • Each ribbon is composed of thin, relatively malleable, corrosion-resisting metal such as the alloys previously mentioned.
  • the disposition of the ribbons within the netting is arranged to enhance the stiffness of the netting as a whole, this being achieved by misaligning the widths of the ribbons relative to the general plane of the netting. .
  • the netting structure is such as to permit free flow and circulation of fluid within the container without giving rise to undesirable damming effects.
  • a container for fluids comprising,
  • a filler occupying substantially the whole of said chamber, and netting arranged in layers and constituted by integrallyconnected, thermo-conductive, non-inflammable ribbons forming a major part, at least, of said filler;
  • said ribbons being composed of thin metal which is malleable and relatively wide in relation to its thickness and said ribbons having their width misaligned with the general plane of said netting imparting stiffness to the latter;
  • the respective layers of netting being relatively thin permitting free flow of fluids therebetween conducing to relatively unimpeded leveling of the fluid within said chamber.
  • said ribbons have their widths disposed substantially perpendicular to the general plane of said netting.
  • the layers of netting are convoluted within said chamber.
  • said netting is formed of anodized aluminum.
  • said netting is formed of an alloy of aluminum, beryllium and titanium.
  • said layers are contiguous
  • each said layer including meshes disposed out of registration with corresponding meshes of adjacent layers permitting free circulation of fluid in all directions within said chamber 7.
  • said layers are contiguous
  • the gauge of said ribbons comprising said coarse mesh netting is such as to render said netting self-supporting within said chamber and to resist crushing of said netting by the movement of liquids within said chamber.
  • An explosion-inhibiting filler for the interior of a container for inflammable fluids comprising:
  • netting arranged in layers and constituted by integrally-connected, thermo-conductive, non-inflammable ribbons;
  • said ribbons being composed of thin metal which is malleable and relatively wide in relation to its thickness and said ribbons having their widths misaligned with the general plane of said netting imparting stiffness to the latter;
  • said ribbons have their widths disposed substantially perpendicular to the general plane of said netting.
  • said layers are contiguous
  • said coarse mesh layers are corrugated reinforcing said fine mesh layers and further enhancing the rigidity and crush resistance of the filler as a Whole.
  • said netting is formed of anodized aluminum.
  • said netting is formed of an alloy of aluminum, beryllium and titanium.
  • said netting includes relatively flexible fine mesh netting and relatively stifl coarse mesh netting
  • said fine and coarse mesh netting being convoluted together procuring reinforcement of the fine mesh netting by the coarse mesh netting.
  • said layers are contiguous
  • each said layer including meshes disposed out of registration with corresponding meshes of adjacent layers permitting free circulation of fluid in all directions between said layers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
US503754A 1965-10-23 1965-10-23 Safety container for explosive fluids Expired - Lifetime US3356256A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US503754A US3356256A (en) 1965-10-23 1965-10-23 Safety container for explosive fluids
GB46573/66A GB1131687A (en) 1965-10-23 1966-10-18 Improvements in and relating to safety containers for explosive fluids
DES58925U DE1975171U (de) 1965-10-23 1966-10-21 Fuelleinlage feur behaelter fuer brennbare oder explosionsgefaehrdete medien.
CH1549066A CH468290A (fr) 1965-10-23 1966-10-21 Réservoir pour fluides inflammables
SE14408/66A SE322420B (forum.php) 1965-10-23 1966-10-21

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US503754A US3356256A (en) 1965-10-23 1965-10-23 Safety container for explosive fluids

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US3356256A true US3356256A (en) 1967-12-05

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US503754A Expired - Lifetime US3356256A (en) 1965-10-23 1965-10-23 Safety container for explosive fluids

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US (1) US3356256A (forum.php)
CH (1) CH468290A (forum.php)
DE (1) DE1975171U (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1131687A (forum.php)
SE (1) SE322420B (forum.php)

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CH468290A (fr) 1969-02-15
DE1975171U (de) 1967-12-14
SE322420B (forum.php) 1970-04-06

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