Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B43/00—Cooling beds, whether stationary or moving; Means specially associated with cooling beds, e.g. for braking work or for transferring it to or from the bed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
  • B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
  • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

• This invention relates to a process for supporting shaped hot metal during its cooling'period. More specifically, this invention relates to the supporting of hot metal, such as aluminum, magnesium and alloys thereof, after it has been formed, such as by extrusion.
• Graphite supports such as canisters and run-ou tables have in the past been employed to assist in the cooling operation. These tables may be in the form of a series of rectangular blocks of equal thickness and typically are laid lengthwise for a distance sufiicient to bring about substantial cooling of the formed metal by the time it reaches the end of the run-out table. The top surface of these blocks may be grooved in order to form a pathway for the metal.
• Graphite was chosen because of its ability to withstand high temperatures and at the same time absorb and dissipate heat readily. Another reason for its selection was its relative softness thereby assuring that it would not scratch the surface of the hot and frequently soft metal body sliding over or through it and being cooled.
• This invention has as one of its objects the cooling and supporting of hot metal shapes by graphite and at the same time the substantial elimination of the aforesaid objectionable marking considered inherent when employing graphite for this purpose.
• the invention has as an additional object the achievement of the foregoing in a convenient, economical and efilcient manner.
• the foregoing objectives may be obtained by subjecting graphite bodies such as previously employed for these purposes to a post-forming treatment.
• the graphite bodies which are subjected to this post-forming treatment will be of any desired shape, will be porous in nature and will typically have an apparent density between about 1.52 and about 1.60.
• the post-forming treatment consists in filling a substantial percentage of the pores of the graphite bodies with a material found capable of substantially eliminating the marking of the hot metal by the graphite. Many materials have been found to be suitable for this purpose and operative in the present invention. They may all be considered as waxy substances and are discussed in more detail hereinafter.
• the waxy substance employed to occupy or fill the pores in the pro-formed graphite bodies may be processed "ice into the pores in several different ways such as by soaking the graphite body in the material for a sufficient length of time to obtain the desired pickup, impregnating the graphite body by using a normal vacuum-pressure cycle in an autoclave, or by impregnating in an autoclave by pressure alone.
• the impregnating material may be heated to liquefy it, if necessary, prior to these procedures. It may also be dissolved in a volatile solvent prior to same or it may sometimes be expedient to employ it as an aqueous emulson.
• the desired pick-up is preferably from 6 to 12% by weight of solvent-free impregnant based on the weight of the graphite body with from about 3% to about 25% being operative.
• the temperature of the hot metal therefore is high enough to cause melting of the impregnating material at and near the surface of the graphite body which is contacted by the metal.
• the impregnating material at or near the surface of the graphite body is raised toward the high temperatures of the metals being cooled, it either vaporizes away from the graphite body or melts away from the contacting surface. In either event it is replaced by what is believed to be capillary action, by some more of the impregnating material from the pores of the graphite body thereby constantly pIO viding a thin film or barrier between the hot metal and graphite body.
• the pre-formed porous graphite bodies which are subsequently impregnated may be made from artificial graphite or electrographite or may be formed from a mixture of ordinary coke or carbon particles and pitch and baked and graphitized in a conventional manner.
• the bodies employed will be those which are porous and which have been pre-formed prior to the addition of the impregnating material.
• Mantells volume on Industrial Carbon, 2nd Edition, 1946, pages 268-270, and US. Patent 2,862,748 to Bailey et al., particularly column 3, lines 18-35 give additional details as to the making of such bodies and their typical characteristics.
• the waxy substances employed to impregnate the pores of the graphite should be non-halogenated, should not flash into flame when raised to or toward the temperatures or of the metal bodies being cooled, and should not give oif any obnoxious or harmful fumes when heated.
• the waxy substances may be natural Waxes among which are: mineral waxes such as paraffin wax, petrolatum wax, ozokerite, ceresin, Utah wax and montan wax; vegetable Waxes such as carnauba wax, flower wax, first wax, medium wax, sandy Wax, fat wax, candelilla wax, Japan wax, Ucuhuba wax, Bayberry wax, Ouricury wax, cocoa butter, fiber Wax, fir-bark wax, cotton wax, flax wax, sugar-cane wax and rice-oil wax; animal waxes such aslspermaceti; and insect waxes such as beeswax.
• mineral waxes such as paraffin wax, petrolatum wax, ozokerite, ceresin, Utah wax and montan wax
• vegetable Waxes such as carnauba wax, flower wax, first wax, medium wax, sandy Wax, fat wax, candelilla wax, Japan wax, Ucuhuba wax, Bayberry wax, Ouricury wax, cocoa butter, fiber Wax,
• the waxy substances employed may also be manufactured and synthetic'waxes among which are: fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol, lanette wax, and stearyl alcohol; fatty acids such as stearic acid, palmitic acid and myristic acid; polyhydric alcohol-fatty acid esters such as glyceryl stearates, glycol fatty-acid esters and sorbitol stearates; and hydrogenated oils such as opalwax.
• Metal salts such as alkali and alkaline earth salts of the fatty acids may also be employed. The employment of mixtures of these materials is also contemplated.
• Several other suitable waxy materials may be found in Bennetts Commercial Waxes, 2nd Edition, 1956, published by Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 212 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.
• a process of cooling and supporting solid, heated metal which comprises sliding said solid, heated metal in contact with preformed, porous graphite containing a material selected from the group consisting of waxes and metal salts of fatty acids in the pores thereof until a substantial amount of the heat of the metal has been dissipated by the graphite.
• a process of cooling and supporting solid, heated metal which comprises sliding said solid, heated metal L1. in contact with preformed, porous graphite containing a Wax in the pores thereof until a substantial amount of the heat of the metal .has'been dissipated by the graphite.
• Wax is selected from the group consisting of mineral waxes, vegetable waxes, animal waxes, insect waxes and synthetic Waxes.
• wax is selected from the group consisting of mineral waxes, vegetable waxes, animal waxes, insect waxes and synthetic waxes.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Ceramic Products (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1960
  • 1960-12-14 US US75675A patent/US3139357A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1961
  • 1961-12-05 GB GB43457/61A patent/GB918724A/en not_active Expired
  • 1961-12-05 DE DEG33756A patent/DE1292616B/de active Pending
  • 1961-12-07 ES ES0272759A patent/ES272759A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1961-12-08 BE BE611318A patent/BE611318A/fr unknown
  • 1961-12-11 CH CH1433461A patent/CH400062A/de unknown

Patent Citations (2)

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