US3107063A - Crusher apparatus - Google Patents

Crusher apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3107063A
US3107063A US61462A US6146260A US3107063A US 3107063 A US3107063 A US 3107063A US 61462 A US61462 A US 61462A US 6146260 A US6146260 A US 6146260A US 3107063 A US3107063 A US 3107063A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pestle
mortar
shaft
drive shaft
unit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US61462A
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English (en)
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Nyberg Johan Edvard
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/08—Pestle and mortar

Definitions

  • This invention relates to crusher apparatus suitable for crushing stone, ore or other friable material.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with such crusher apparatus which are used for carrying out laboratory tests. Such apparatus must be thoroughly cleaned after each test sample has been crushed; otherwise the residue from one test sample may contaminate the following test sample.
  • a crusher apparatus comprises a mortar whose work surface has the shape of a body of revolution, a suspended pestle eccentrically connected to a drive motor so that in operation it rolls around the mortar surface (perpendicular to the mortar axis), and a device operable at will to raise the pestle from its work position in the mortar. When the pestle is raised cleaning of the mortar and pestle is facilitated.
  • the device is preferably operable to lift, as a unit, the motor, drive shaft, the eccentric connection between the drive shaft and pestle, the suspension for the pestle and the pestle shaft.
  • the apparatus according to the invention preferably comprises a device for ad justing the relative axial position of the pestle within the mortar.
  • the crusher apparatus may also be dmcribed as comprising a frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution; a unit including a pestle mounted at the end of a pestle shaft, a motor having a drive shaft, a suspension and an eccentric connection between the drive shaft and the pestle shaft such that the upper end of the pestle shaft describes, in operation, a circle, so that the pestle rolls around the mortar and the pestle is suspended from the drive shaft; a resilient support for the unit in the frame such that it tends to lift the pestle upwardly away from the mortar work surface; and a readily releasable device operative to hold the unit against the bias of the resilient mounting in a position such that the pestle is in a work position. When the device is released the resilient support raises the unit to lift the pestle clear of the mortar work surface.
  • FIGURE 1 is a part vertical section through a crusher apparatus according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus
  • FIGURE 3 is a similar side elevation showing an alternate form of the means controlling the lever mechanism.
  • the apparatus comprises a base plate 10, lower and upper frame members 12 and 14 respectively fixed to the base plate, and a plate 17 hingedly connected at 16 to the base plate 10.
  • a mortar 18 is formed in the plate 17.
  • the mortar 18 is frusto-conical, and its work surface is formed by a wear liner 20.
  • the plate 17 is normally held in the raised position shown in FIGURE 1 by a nut 32 and bolt 30.
  • the plate 17 can be swung downwardly by releasing the nut and bolt to enable the crushing chamber 22 to be properly cleaned.
  • a pestle 34 which is mounted at the lower end of a pestle shaft 36, is located, in operation, in the crushing chamber 22 so that its one side surface is in engagement with the liner 20 while its diametrically opposed side surface is spaced slightly from the liner 20; this space can be adjusted, as described later, to control the particle size.
  • the upper end of the pestle shaft 36 which projects through an opening 26 in the member 24,.is rotatably and eccentrically supported in a member 40.
  • the upper end of the pestle shaft 36 describes a circle and the pestle in moving around the mortar consequently crushes material.
  • the member 40 which is fixed to the lower end of a drive shaft 42, has a bore in which the two sets of bearings are fitted.
  • the lower set of bearings consists of ball bearings 44 mounted in a housing '48, which is fixed in the counter bore by a lock screw 50.
  • the upper bearing 38 consists of roller bearings; its outer bearing race 49 is fixed in the counter bore in member 40 by a lock bolt and has a part-spherical bearing surface; and the inner bearing race 51 has a tapered bearing socket in which the tapered upper end of the pestle shaft 36 fits.
  • Bearing 38 may be a conventional roller bearing having two rows of rollers, as shown in FIG. 1. The rollers are located between inner and outer races 51 and 49 and ride in engagement with these races during operation.
  • the pestle shaft is supported or suspended in the member 40 by a pair of spring washers 46, which are compressed between the upper surface of the bearings 44 and a support ring 47 fixed to the shaft 36.
  • the spring washers force the pestle shaft upwardly so that the tapered upper part of the shaft engages the tapered bearing socket. In this Way any play which might otherwise develop between the tapered shaft end and tapered socket is taken up.
  • a seal 52 is fitted to the shaft 36 immediately beneath the housing 43 to prevent dirt from entering the bearmgs.
  • the drive shaft 42 which carries the member 40, is rotatably held in a fixed axial position in a bearing sleeve 56 by upper and lower bearings 58, 60 respectively.
  • the bearings are axially spaced apart by a spacer sleeve 54 which is fixed to the bearing sleeve by a screw 55.
  • a lock nut 62 is screwed up to engage the inner race of the upper bearing 58 and to cause the spigot-like upper part 41 of the member 40 to engage the inner race of the lower bearing 60.
  • a labyrinth seal 64 is fitted between the top 41 of the member 40 and the bottom of the bearing sleeve 56 and lower bearing 60.
  • the upper end of the drive shaft 42 is connected to the shaft 66 of an electric motor 68, which is carried by a plate 76, by a connection which includes a tapered socket 743 in one shaftin the illustrated example in the motor shaft 66and a tapered shaft end 70 on the other shaft 42 which fits in the tapered socket 72.
  • the tapered parts are prevented from rotating relatively to each other by a transverse pin 74.
  • the base or narrow end of the tapered socket 72 communicates by a channel 75 with the exterior of the motor shaft. The purpose of the channel 75 will be described later.
  • a unit comprising the motor 68, drive shaft 42, member 40, spacer and bearing sleeves 54, 56, pestle shaft 36 and pestle 34 is resiliently supported in the frame 12, 14. It is movable axially downwardly against the bias of the resilient support, and upwardly under the action of the support.
  • the resilient support comprises a plurality of helical springs 78 housed in equiangularly spaced axial grooves 80 in the bearing sleeve 56; the lower ends of the springs rest on pins 82 in the frame 14 while the upper ends of the springs engage the undersurface of the plate 76, which supports the motor.
  • the pins 82 also prevent the bearing sleeve 56 from rotating in the frame.
  • a device which includes a lever mechanism, is operative to hold the unit comprising, inter alia, the motor 68, drive shaft 42 and pestle 34 in a position in which the pestle 34 is in its work position.
  • the device is read ily releasable, and, when it is released the springs 78 raise the aforementioned unit so that the pestle 34 is lifted clear of the mortar work surface--that is the liner 20.
  • the lever mechanism comprises two links 90 pivotally mounted on pins 88 fixed to diametrically opposed points on a ring 96 rigid with the frame; and a fork 92 whose legs are disposed one on each side of the frame.
  • Each leg of the fork is pivotally connected to one link 90 by a pin 1% and is pivotally mounted on a pivot 94 mounted on a rhig nut 84 (FIG. 2).
  • the ring nut 84 has an externally threaded upper part which screws into an internally threaded lower part of a second upper ring nut 86 (FIG. 1).
  • the second ring nut 86 has, at its upper end, an inwardly directed flange 107 which engages an abutment 109 on the bearing sleeve 56.
  • a hand lever 98 is connected to join the legs 92 of the fork.
  • the axial position of fork pivot pin 94 in relation to the drive shaft 42 or other parts of the unit determines the axial position of the pestle 34 in the mortar 8 when the lever mechanism is in its dead centre position. This position may be adjusted by rotating the upper or second ring nut 86.
  • a number of holes 108 are formed around its circumference, and these holes are entered by a spring catch 106 mounted on the plate 76.
  • the shape of the links of the lever mechanism is such that the mechanism is prevented from moving appreciably'beyond its dead centre position when moving the unit into its lowered position-that is the position in which the pestle 34 is in its correct axial position in relation to the work surface 20.
  • a bolt 102 is screwed into a lug 104 projecting from the plate 76, and is engaged by the fork 92 when it moves the lever mechanism into the dead centre position.
  • the handle 98 is used to swing the fork 92 into the position shown in FIGURE 2. This moves the pestle to the position shown in FIG- URE l. A test sample of material to be crushed is introduced into the crushing chamber through the pipe 28, and the motor 68 is started. The pestle 34 then rolls around the mortar 18 to crush the material.
  • the handle 98 is swung downwardly. After the linkage moves out of its dead centre position, the springs 7 8 lift the unit upwardly and the pestle away from the mortar 18.
  • the mortar may now be swung downwardly by releasing the nut and bolt 32, 30. Compressed air can be introduced through a nipple 110 in the side of the frame or through the pipe 28 to blow out any dust, dirt etc. in the apparatus. It is not always necessary to swing the mortar downwardly, since it may in many cases be sufficient to raise the pestle clear of the mortar by moving the handle 98 downwardly.
  • a power operated device may be used instead of using a manual handle to control the fork 92 of the lever mechanism.
  • a power operated device is shown in FIGURE 3. It comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic jack 112 provided with an internal piston head 116; the jack itself is pivotally connected to the plate 10 while the piston rod 114 integral with piston head 116 is pivotally connected to the fork 92.
  • connection between the drive shaft 42 and motor shaft 66 is such that it can be easily released. Release is effected by removing the pin 74, filling the channel with liquid, and then inserting the pin 74 into the end of the channel 75. The pin-is then given a sharp blow.
  • the resultant pressure wave moves the shaft 66 upwardly in the tapered end of the drive shaft 42.
  • Crusher apparatus comprising a mortar whose work surface has the shape of a body of revolution, a pestle, a drive motor for moving said pestle in a circular motion in said mortar, an eccentric suspension between said motor and said pestle for said pestle, releasable spring means for raising, at will, a unit comprising said motor, said eccentric suspension, and said pestle so as to raise rapidly said pestle from its work position in said mortar, and means for accurately adjusting the work position of said pestle in said mortar.
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution; a unit including a pestle, a pestle shaft on which said pestle is mounted, a combined suspension means and eccentric connection means between the drive shaft for and the pestle shaft causing the upper end of the pestle to describe in operation a circle and for suspending said pestle from the drive shaft; a resilient support for the unit in the frame such that it tends to lift the pestle upwardly away from the mortar work surface; a readily releasable means for holding the unit against the bias of said resilient support in a position such that the pestle is in a work position, so that upon release of said releasable holding means, the resilient support raises the unit to lift the pestle clear of the mortar work surface.
  • a crusher appmatus comprising a frame; a plate hingediy mounted in said frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution located insaid hinged plate; a unit including a pestle, a pestle shaft on which said pestle is mounted, a motor, a drive shaft driven by said motor, a suspension device and eccentric connection between said drive shaft and said pestle shaft such that the upper end of the pestle describes in operation a circle and is suspended from the drive shaft and said pestle moves around the work surface of said mortar in a plane perpendicular to the axis of said work surface; a resilient support for said unit in the frame such that it tends to lift the pestle upwardly away from the mortar work surface, said support comprising a plurality of helical springs parallel with said drive shaft; a lever mechanism operative when in a dead centre position to hold the unit against the bias of said springs in a position such that said pestle is in a work position, whereby on movement of said lever from said dead centre position said springs raise
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution; a unit including a pestle, a pestle shaft on which the pestle is mounted, a motor, a drive shaft rotatable by said motor, suspension means for eccentrically connecting said drive shaft to said pestle shaft so that the upper end of the pestle describes in operation a circle and is suspended from said drive shaft; a resilient support for the unit in the frame tending -to lift the pestle upwardly away from the mortm work surface; and a lever mechanism for holding the unit against the bias of the resilient support in a position such that the pestle is in a work position, whereby on movement of its lever mechanism into the release position the resilient support raises the unit to lift the pestle clear of the mortar work surface.
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution; a pestle adapted in operation to move around the work surface of said mortar in a plane perpendicular to the axis of said Work surface; a resilient suspension for said pestle in said frame such that it tends to lift said pestle upwardly away from the mortar work surface; and a readily releasable device operative to hold said pestle against the bias of said resilient suspension in a position such that said pestle is in a work position, whereby on release of said device the resilient suspension raises said pestle clear of the mortar work surface.
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a plate hingedly connected to said frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution and which is located in said plate; a unit including a pestle, a pestle shaft on which said pestle is mounted, a motor, a drive shaft rotatable by said motor, a suspension device and eccentric connection between said drive shaft and said pestle shaft such that the upper end of said pestle describes in operation a circle and is suspended from said drive shaft; a resilient support comprising a plurality of parallel helical springs for the unit in the frame such that said springs tend to lift said pestle upwardly away from the mortar work surface; and a readily releasable device operative to hold the unit against the 'bias of said springs in a position such that said pestle is in a work position, whereby on release of said device said springs raise said unit to lift said pestle clear of the mortar work surface.
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a plate hingedly connected to said frame; a mortar Whose work surface is that of a body of revolution and which is lo cat-ed in said plate; a unit including a pestle, a pestle shaft on which said pestle is mounted, a drive motor, a drive shaft driven by said motor, a suspension device and eccentric connection between said drive shaft and said pestle shaft such that the upper end of said pestle shaft describes in operation a circle, and is suspended from the drive shaft and said pestle moves around the work surface in a plane perpendicular to its axis; a resilient support for the unit in the frame such that it tends to lift the pestle upwardly away from the mortar work surface; and a screw adjustment device operative 6 when turned in one direction to move said unit against the bias of said resilient support, and when turned in the opposite direction operative to permit said resilient support to move said unit in the opposite direction, whereby accurate adjustment of the position of said pestle in said mortar is facilitated.
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar whose Work surface is that of a body of revolution and which is pivotally mounted in said frame so as to be swingable away from its operative position for cleaning purposes; a pestle adapted to cooperate with said mortar to crush material; a pestle shaft at one end of which said pestle is mounted; a motor; a drive shaft driven by said motor; a bearing sleeve which is coaxial with said mortar and in which said drive shaft is journalled and held against relative axial movement; a member which is carried by said drive shaft and in which said pestle shaft is eccentrica-lly and rotatably mounted such that the upper end of said pestle shaft describes, in operation, a circle, said member having a tapered hearing socket in which a tapered shaft end fits, a resilient device being mounted in said member such that said pestle shaft is forced upwardly so that said tapered pestle shaft end engages said socket; a plurality of helical springs parallel with and circumferentially distributed around said drive shaft, the lower end of said springs
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution; a pestle adapted to roll around said mortar to cooperate with said mortar to crush material; a pestle shaft at one end of which said pestle is mounted; a motor; a drive shaft driven by said motor; a bearing sleeve coaxial with said mortar in which said drive shaft is journalled and held against relative axial movement; a member carried by said drive shaft in which said pestle shaft is eccentrically and rotatably mounted such that the upper end of said pestle shaft describes, in operation, a circle; a plurality of helical springs parallel with and circumferentially distributed around said drive shaft, the lower end of said springs being supported by said frame and the upper end of said springs supporting a unit comprising said motor, drive shaft, bearing sleeve, member, pestle shaft and pestle; and a quick release device operative to hold against the action of said springs said unit in a position such that said pestle is in a work position in said mortar and
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar whose work surface is that of a body of revolution and which is pivotally mounted in said frame so as to be swingable away from its operative position for cleaning purposes; a pestle adapted to move around said mortar in a plane perpendicular to said mortar axis to cooperate with said mortar to crush material; a pestle shaft at one end of which said pestle is mounted, the other end of 7 said pestle shaft being tapered; a motor having a motor shaft; a drive shaft driven by said motor; said motor shaft being connected to said drive shaft by a connection including a tapered socket in one shaft and a tapered shaft end on the other shaft which fits in said socket, the base of said socket communicating with the exterior of said shaft by a channel; a bearing sleeve which is coaxial with said mortar and in which said drive shaft is journalled and held against relative axial movement; a member carried by said drive shaft in which said pestle shaft is eccentrically and rotatably mounted such that the upper end of said pestle shaft describes, in
  • a crusher apparatus comprising a frame; a mortar Whose work surface is that of a body of revolution; a pestle adapted to cooperate with said mortar to crush material; a pestle shaft at one end of which said pestle is mounted; a motor; a drive shaft rotated by said motor; a member which is carried by said drive shaft and in which said pestle shaft is eccentrically and rotatably mounted such that the upper end of said pestle shaft describes, in operation, a circle; a plurality of helical springs coaxial with and circumferentially distributed 7 around said drive shaft, the lower of said springs being supported by said frame and the upper end of said springs supporting a unit comprising said motor, drive shaft, member, pestle shaft and pestle; and a quick release means for holding said unit against the action of said springs in a position such that said pestle is in a Work position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
US61462A 1959-10-26 1960-10-10 Crusher apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3107063A (en)

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SE997659 1959-10-26

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US (1) US3107063A (de)
BE (1) BE596363A (de)
FR (1) FR1271421A (de)
GB (1) GB890701A (de)
NL (1) NL257205A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4131238A (en) * 1977-09-15 1978-12-26 Energy And Minerals Research Co. Ultrasonic grinder
US20150209791A1 (en) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 Metso Minerals Industries, Inc. System and method for hydraulically removing a socket from a mainshaft of a gyrational crusher
CN109433307A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-08 河南寰球航空装备科技有限公司 一种建筑施工用结块石灰回收再利用装置
CN110180619A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-30 宫锡和 一种医疗骨科用废弃石膏批量回收细化装置
CN112536140A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2021-03-23 浙江厚达智能科技股份有限公司 中药捣碎机构
CN113019576A (zh) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-25 江西益普生药业有限公司 一种药用聚乙二醇粉碎机及其使用方法
CN113058718A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-07-02 贵州宏创农业产业开发有限公司 一种薏仁粉末研磨设备
CN115069736A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-20 陈月新 一种带有预处理功能的固体废物加工装置
CN115532350A (zh) * 2022-10-07 2022-12-30 湖南金芙农业科技有限公司 一种虫草加工用快速研磨装置
USD984671S1 (en) 2020-12-09 2023-04-25 Studio 010 Inc. Mortar and pestle
IT202100029951A1 (it) * 2021-11-26 2023-05-26 Anis Hafaiedh Macchina sminuzzatrice per alimenti, in particolare per la realizzazione di pesto

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CN111295979A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-19 蒋彩霞 一种具有高效分苗的农业用机械装置
CN111841710B (zh) * 2020-07-16 2022-07-05 山东友康天然植物科技有限公司 一种基于偏心转动的谷物粉碎装置
CN111992122A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-11-27 陶娟 一种水溶性肥料制备工艺
CN114985036B (zh) * 2022-06-01 2023-08-08 重庆工业职业技术学院 一种废弃材料收集处理设备
CN115178358A (zh) * 2022-06-23 2022-10-14 山东农业大学 一种快速获得稳定表达的苹果转基因根系的方法及装置
CN116078507B (zh) * 2022-12-31 2023-11-24 南通久和药业有限公司 一种原药粉碎研磨装置
CN117138911B (zh) * 2023-10-31 2024-01-12 绵阳市奥派科技有限公司 一种自动研磨仪

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1553333A (en) * 1922-08-03 1925-09-15 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Crushing apparatus
US2188666A (en) * 1937-11-06 1940-01-30 Jr John H Spohn Gyratory crusher
US2391953A (en) * 1943-08-03 1946-01-01 John B Duty Gyratory crusher
US2502908A (en) * 1947-05-20 1950-04-04 Le Grand G Whitlock Automatic pulverizing and mixing apparatus
US2844329A (en) * 1955-12-08 1958-07-22 John B Duty Crusher and grinding machine
US2856135A (en) * 1958-10-14 Pestle-and-mortar grinders

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2856135A (en) * 1958-10-14 Pestle-and-mortar grinders
US1553333A (en) * 1922-08-03 1925-09-15 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Crushing apparatus
US2188666A (en) * 1937-11-06 1940-01-30 Jr John H Spohn Gyratory crusher
US2391953A (en) * 1943-08-03 1946-01-01 John B Duty Gyratory crusher
US2502908A (en) * 1947-05-20 1950-04-04 Le Grand G Whitlock Automatic pulverizing and mixing apparatus
US2844329A (en) * 1955-12-08 1958-07-22 John B Duty Crusher and grinding machine

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4131238A (en) * 1977-09-15 1978-12-26 Energy And Minerals Research Co. Ultrasonic grinder
US20150209791A1 (en) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 Metso Minerals Industries, Inc. System and method for hydraulically removing a socket from a mainshaft of a gyrational crusher
US9393567B2 (en) * 2014-01-27 2016-07-19 Metso Minerals Industries, Inc. System and method for hydraulically removing a socket from a mainshaft of a gyrational crusher
CN109433307A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-08 河南寰球航空装备科技有限公司 一种建筑施工用结块石灰回收再利用装置
CN110180619A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-30 宫锡和 一种医疗骨科用废弃石膏批量回收细化装置
CN112536140B (zh) * 2019-06-05 2022-05-17 浙江厚达智能科技股份有限公司 取出中药饮片时不需要倾倒捣药桶的中药捣碎机构
CN112536140A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2021-03-23 浙江厚达智能科技股份有限公司 中药捣碎机构
USD984671S1 (en) 2020-12-09 2023-04-25 Studio 010 Inc. Mortar and pestle
CN113019576A (zh) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-25 江西益普生药业有限公司 一种药用聚乙二醇粉碎机及其使用方法
CN113058718A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-07-02 贵州宏创农业产业开发有限公司 一种薏仁粉末研磨设备
IT202100029951A1 (it) * 2021-11-26 2023-05-26 Anis Hafaiedh Macchina sminuzzatrice per alimenti, in particolare per la realizzazione di pesto
WO2023095070A1 (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-06-01 Hafaiedh Anis Food chopping machine, in particular for making pesto
CN115069736A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-20 陈月新 一种带有预处理功能的固体废物加工装置
CN115532350A (zh) * 2022-10-07 2022-12-30 湖南金芙农业科技有限公司 一种虫草加工用快速研磨装置
CN115532350B (zh) * 2022-10-07 2023-08-25 湖南金芙农业科技有限公司 一种虫草加工用快速研磨装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL257205A (de)
FR1271421A (fr) 1961-09-08
BE596363A (fr) 1961-02-15
GB890701A (en) 1962-03-07

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