US2188666A - Gyratory crusher - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 30, 1940. J. H. SPOHN. JR 2,188,666

GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed Nov. 6, 1937 INVENTOR.

John H; 5,00/2/7 J/r' BY G b MW ATTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 30, 1940 UNITED. STATES PATE T OFFICE 2,188,666 GYRAT'ORY CRUSHER John H. Spohn, 'Jr., San Francisco, Calif. I Application November 6, 1937, Serial No. 173,159

8 Claims.

It is an object of the invention to provide a machineof. the above character in which the pestle and cooperating bowl can be readily cleaned,,with a minimum of time and efiort. The machine is therefore particularly suited for assay operations, where it is necessary to carefully remove all particles of ore adhering to the working parts, between the crushing and g'rinding of various samples.

A further object of theinvention is to provide a machine which will have agreater range of application than machines heretofore available. By range .of application I have particular reference to usefof the machine on ore consisting of both large and small sized fragments, whereby in many instances preliminary crushing operations may be simplified or omitted.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel form of combined gyratoryand attrition 'mill, in which the attrition mill also receivesgyratory movement, to facilitate fine, grinding operation.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following description in which the preferred embodiment of the invention has beenset forth in detail, in conjunction with the accompanying drawing. I

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view, in cross-sec tion illustrating one embodiment of the present invention. i

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

The machine as illustrated'in the drawing consists of a. base structure II), which carries the structural uprights ll. Mounted on this base there is a bowl structure designated generally at l2, and this structure surrounds the pestle l3.

The pestle I3 can be contoured in the manner illustrated, and it is journalled upon the upright spindle or shaft l4. Gyratory movement isimparted to the upper end of the pestle [3, by eccentric means designated generally at it. In

taken along the the. embodiment illustrated this ,eccentriomeans makes use of a drive wheel [1, supported'by the ball bearing assembly. [8, which in turn is carried by the portion 19 connecting the uprights H Concentrically disposed within the fly wheel 11, there is a sleeve 2!, which is shown provided 5 with a. hand wheel 22, to'facilitate manual 'adjustment; A threaded engagement 23 connects the sleeve 2| with the fly wheel I], whereby upon turning the hand wheel 22, the sleeve 2| is adjusted in a vertical direction. The upper end of pestle I3 is fixed to a bushing 24, which in turn is journall'ed within the lower eccentric portion 26 of the'sleeve 2|; Bushing 24 has an upper shoulder 21, whereby it is supported by the sleeve 2|. Theupper end of bushing24 is engaged by the lower end of a compression spring 28, where bythebushing 24fand the associated pestle l3 are urged-downwardly. The lower end'of shaft I4 is carried by an adjustable'thrust block 31,

the mounting for which will be presently de-' scribed. 'It will be apparent that upon turning fly wheel H, by virtue of a drive connection to some suitable source of power, the pestle I3 is gyrated and also gyratory movement is imparted to the spindle l4. i i 2 5 Inmany instances the pestle l3 and bowl can be used without an associated attrition mill. However, for certain applications, as for example assay work, it is desirable'to carry the grinding to a further degree of fineness, bythe use of an attrition mill. Thus in the embodiment illus- 'trated, an attrition mill is provided which includes'a rotor 32, fixed to the spindle I l-below the pestle [3. The upper end of the rotor 32 has a projecting sleeve 33, whichslidably fits a bore 35 34 formed in the lower end 'of the pestle. The upper grinding face 36 of the rotor 32, is convex and substantially spherical. working face of the rotor cooperates with a convex and substantially spherical grinding face 31, provided 40 by the bowl structure l2.

It will be evident that as the pestle is gyrated, rotor 32 will likewise be gyrated with respect to the bowl structure. However instead of permitting rotation of the rotor in themanner similar to the pestle, the rotor is positively driven- Thus the upper end of shaft I4 is provided with a drive wheel 38, which can connect by a drive belt or other. suitable means to a source of power.

The bowl structure I2 is divided ona vertical 5 plane, to form the two sections I20 and I211. The lower ends of these sections have hinge connections 39 with the base structure I0, thereby making it possible for these sections to be swung outwardly anddownwardly to positionssuch as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. In order to clamp the two sections together, during normal operation of the machine, the sections are both provided with side flanges il positioned upon opposite sides of the webs 42, the latter being I plane the pestle is substantially spherical'and This-is because the section 52a isflared laterally as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3. This enables the convex. Above plane 1 the pestle converges upwardly, initially at arapid rate, and then. more gradually for the upperp-art of the pestle.

Below the plane I the cooperating surfaces of the bowl. structure indicated generally at at, are convex and substantially spherical, and generally symmetrical with respect to the axis of gyration of the. pestle. Above the plane I the bowl continues to be symmetrical about the axis of gyration of the pestle, until about the region of the plane 2. Note that there is an undercutting to the bowl below the plane 2, or in other words between planes I and 2 and extending entirely about the pestle. This undercutting tends to generally urge the pestle downwardly. Above the plane 2 the bowl is distinctly non-symmetrical.

bowl to take material of large sizes, and to subject such large size material to crushing, whereby the material progresses downwardly and about the pestle for finer crushing. Note particularly that the bowl surfaces indicated generally at 41, which are relatively remote from the pestle in the region of planet; aswell as surfaces desig nated generally by number won the diagrammatically opposite side of the bowl, all perform crushing operations,- and this is true for substantially' the entire height, of the bowl, above the plane 2. Thus the-flaring section 92a of the bowl does not merely afford a convenient feed spout for the bowl, but actually forms crushing surfaces in cooperation with the pestle, for coarse crushing operations.v 1

Reference hasbeen made'to the journal block 3!, being adjustably carried by the base structure l0; inga threaded engagement between the block 3|, and the associated housing all. The lower end of block 31 carries 2. depending stud: shaft 5!, upon which. a sprocket 52' is sp-lined. Housing 49 is carried by the webs 53,,connecting the same with the main part of the base structure Ill. The base structure is formed to afford an opening 54 extending to one side of the machine, and this opening can be used toaccommodate a suitable means connecting with the, sprocket 52, as for example a chain 58. Thus by mar nipulation of chain 55 sprocket 52 can be turned in either direction, to'turn block 3!, and therefore to raise or lower this block with respect to the base structure.

Operation 'of the machine described above can now be'reviewed as follows: Fly wheel I! is connected to an electric motor or other suitable source ofpower, and. also the drive wheel 38.

and un- One suitable mounting; consists in form- I In general wheel 38 would be driven'at a con-- siderably higher speed, than the wheel Block 3| is adjusted so that the clearance between the upper grinding face '36 of rotor 32,"

and the associate stationary grinding face 31,

will afford the grind of a fineness desired. Also into the laterally flared section 'l2a, where itis crushed by the gyrating action of the pestle, and

the position of. the pestle it can be adjusted to deliver material of suitable fineness to'the attrition mill, by adjusting the position of hand,

the crushed material permitted to drop downiwardly through the bowl, opening 51, to the rotor.

32. Her'ethe material is subjected to fine grinding by attrition, to be finally delivered down- \wardly through the openings 58, in thebase structure. As previously pointed out the finenessof thegrind can be adjusted'by manipulation of chain 56. Likewise the fineness of material supplied through; the openings 5?, can be adjusted 1 by turning the hand wheel 22,. which-in turn raises or lowers the pestle with respect toy'the bowl. In the courseof grinding-operations the words it may raise against "the spring Ell, during 25: pestle is more or less free floating. f, In other H the course of grinding operations or to pass an" obstruction. When it is desired to clean the ma: chine the bolts 43 areremoved and the two sections 12a; and lZb swung outwardly. and downwardly, to the positions indicated in dottedlines in Fig. 1. Now the bowl, the pestle, and the rotor can all be cleaned, after which thetwo sections I can. be swung backintooperating position and Because. of the clamped together by bolts 7 position of "the bowl sections when they are swung down as-illustratedin 1, the surfaces are accessible to ready cleaning and an operator can determine by quick visual inspection, the presence of any remaining ore particles. I claim:

1. In a crushing and grinding machinepfthej' character described, a vertically extending spim dle,. a pestle journaled upon said spindle ,for

free rotation relative thereto, a rotor of anatdle below said pestle for rotation with said spin- .trition mill fixed to the lower end of'said spindle, a bowl structure surrounding both the. pesttle and said. rotor, said bowl structure having surfaces cooperating with said rotor, for fine grinding operations, means for impartinggyra-v tor'y movement to the upper endof the pestle and the associated spindle'to a so: impart gyrae tory movement to the-rotor" of theattrition mill, said spindle having a. center of oscillation adjacent the lower end thereof, and means for-simultaneously applying turning movement to said spindle to thereby rotate the rotor of theattrition mill without applying like'turning movement to the pestle. I

2. In a. crushing and grinding machine. of the character described, a generally upright pestle,

a spindle upon which the pestle-is journaled for free rotation relatively. to said spindle, a rotor of an attrition mill disposed below the pestle andsecured to the lower extending end of the spindle for rotation with said spindle, a bowl structure cooperatively surrounding. both the pestle and the rotor, said bowl structure affording crushing surfaces surrounding the spindle and surfaces cooperating with the motor for fine grinding, means for imparting ,gyratory move.-

ment to one end of the pestle and spindle to also impart gyrato-ry movement to therotor, said affording a concave spindle having a center of oscillationadjacent its other end and means for rotating the spindle whereby the rotor of the attrition mill is rotated about its axis independently of the positioning of the pestle with respect to the bowl structure.

3. In a crushing and grinding machine of the character described, a generally upright shaft or spindle, a pestle journaled upon the. spindle for free rotation relative thereto, a rotor of an attrition mill secured to the-lower end of said spindle below said pestle for rotation with said spindle, the upper grinding face of said rotor being substantially spherical, means for impartinggyratory movement to the upper endof the pestle and the associated spindle to also impart gyratory movement to said rotor, means for driving said spindle to effect independent rotation of said rotor, and a bowl structure surrounding the spindle and the rotor, said bowl structure affording surfaces cooperating with the pestle for crushing operations and also affording a substantially concave spherical shaped surface cooperating with the upper grinding face of the rotor, said spindle having a center of oscillation substantially coincident with the center of said spherical shaped surface.

4. In a grinding and crushing machine of the. character described, a generally upright spindle,

a pestle jovrnaled upon thespindle for free'rotation relative thereto, .a rotor of an attrition mill secured to the lower end of said spindle below said pestle for rotation with said spindle, a portion of said spindle projecting below said rotor, the upper face of said rotor being spherical shaped and forming a grinding face, a base structure, means carried by the base structure, and forming a thrust bearing for the lower endof the spindle, means for imparting gyratory movement to the upper end of the pestle and to the associated spindle to also impart gyratory movement to said rotor, means for applying turning movement to the said spindle, whereby the rotor is turned about its axis, and a bowl structure cooperatively surrounding both the pestle and the rotor of the attrition mill,-said bowl structure affording surfaces cooperating with the pestle for a crushing operation; and also substantially spherical grinding face cooperating'with the upper grinding face of said rotor, said thrust bearing forming a center of oscillation for said spindle and being located substantially at the center of said spherical grinding face, I

5. In a grinding and crushing machine of the character described, a generally upright spindle, a pestle journaled upon the spindle for free rotation relative thereto, a rotor of an attrition mill secured to the lower end of said spin dle below and spaced fromsaid pestle for rotation with said spindle, a portion of'said spindle projecting below said rotor, the upper face of said rotor being spherical shaped and forming a grinding face, a base structure, means carried by the base structure and forming a thrust bearing for the lower end of the spindle, means for imparting gyratory movement to the upper end of the pestle and to the associated spindle to also impart gyratory movement to said rotor, means for, applying turning movement to the upper end of the shaft, whereby the rotor is turned about its axis, and a bowl structure cooperatively surrounding both the pestle and the rotor of the attrition mill, said bowl structure afior'ding a surface cooperating with the pestle for crushing operations, and also a surface afiording a concave substantially spherical grinding-face cooperating with the upper grinding face of said rotor, said-surfaces extending between said pestle and rotor and said thrust bearing forming a center of oscillation for said spindle substantial-;

ly at the centerof said spherical grinding face and means for adjusting said rotor together with said spindle in a vertical direction.

6. In a gyratory crusher, a generally upright pestle, a rotor of an attrition mill disposed below the pestle, means'for gyrating said pestle and for rotating the rotor of the attrition mill, a bowl structure surrounding both the pestle and the rotor of the attrition mill, said bowl structure having surfaces operating with the rotor of the attrition mill, to carry out fine grinding operations, and also including surfaces cooperating with the pestle to effect crushing, said bowl structure being split along vertical "lines into two sections, a frame structure including a base and upright members adjacent the, edges of said sections for positioning and reinforcing said sections, means for releasably clamping the vertical edges of said sections together and to said members, independent means serving to pivotally connect both said bowlsections to said frame structure, whereby said bowl sections, afterre leasing said clamping meansmay be swung out-f of the attrition mill.

7. In a crushing and grinding machine of th character described, a generally'upright pestle having a bulbular lower end, a spindle upon which the pestle is journaled for free rotation relative to said spindle, a rotor of an attrition Wardly with respect to the pestle and the rotor mill disposed below and spaced from the pestle and secured to the lower end of the spindle for rotation with said spindle, a bowl structure for operatively surrounding both the pestle and the, I

rotor, said bowl structure affording crushing surfaces surrounding the pestle and grinding surfaces cooperating with the rotor for fine grinding, said crushing surfaces" and grinding surfaces extending intouthe space between said pestle and rotor, means for imparting gyratory movement to one end of the pestle and spindle to also impart gyratory movement to the rotor,"

means for rotating the spindle whereby the rotor of the attrition mill is rotated about its axis, said spindle having a center of oscillation adjacent its other end, means for adjusting said rotor with respect to said grinding surfaces of said bowl structure independently of the posi-. tioning. of the pestle with respect to said crushing surfaces of the bowl'structure, and means for adjusting the minimum clearance between crushing surfaces of the bowl structure independently of the position of the rotor. p

8. In a gyratory'crusher, .a generally upright pestle, means for gyrating said pestle, a bowl structure surrounding said, pestle and cooperating with the pestle to effect crushing, said bowl structure being split along vertical lines into two sections, a frame structure including a base and upright members adjacent the vertical vthe lower end of the pestle and the adjacent

Images