US2962936A - Automatic firearm - Google Patents

Automatic firearm Download PDF

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Publication number
US2962936A
US2962936A US737911A US73791158A US2962936A US 2962936 A US2962936 A US 2962936A US 737911 A US737911 A US 737911A US 73791158 A US73791158 A US 73791158A US 2962936 A US2962936 A US 2962936A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech
breech body
receiver
faces
transverse yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US737911A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lippert Hans
Muhlemann Ernst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2962936A publication Critical patent/US2962936A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic rearrn having a xed barrel and a breech mechanism comprising a receiver, a breech body and a percussion pin carrier.
  • the breech body which supports the pressure of the cartridge base, as well as the percussion pin carrier, are mounted longitudinally shiftable in the receiver.
  • the spring biased percussion pin carrier which is also shiftable relative to the breech body controls the locking of the latter in the ring position by a member guided on guide faces in the receiver. After tiring, the percussion pin carrier is pushed back relative to the breech body by a gas piston, thereby unlocking the breech body.
  • Such firearms have become known under the term of rigidly iocked gas pressure loaders.
  • the member guided by guide faces in the receiver is designed as a locking member proper which supports the breech body in its ring position against the receiver.
  • These locking members have to be dimensioned strongly corresponding to the large forces occurring and are therefore comparatively weighty. Since they form part of the moving mass of the breech mechanism, the same becomes also comparatively heavy.
  • an automatic firearm comprising in combination: a fixed barrel, a receiver in alignment with and iixedly connected to said barrel, a breech mechanism mounted longitudinally movably in said receiver, said breech mechanism having a breech body taking the pressure of the cartridge base, a percussion pin carrier shiftable relative to said breech body, a closing spring biasing said percussion pin carrier against said breech body, a controi member guided by guide faces in said receiver controlling the locking of said breech body in the firing position, a gas cylinder in communication with said barrel, a gas piston movable in said gas cylinder and in operative contact with said percussion pin carrier so as to push the same after the firing of the shot back from its tiringand locking-position against the bias of said closing spring, said control member being a transverse yoke lying across the axis of said breech mechanism, mounted in said percussion pin carrier slidably perpendicular
  • Fig. 1 diagrammatically shows a section on a vertical plane containing the axis of a firearm according to a rst embodiment, with the breech mechanism in the tiring position;
  • Fig. 2 is a section on a larger scale on a horizontal plane through the breech mechanism, at the beginning of the locking thereof;
  • Fig. 3 corresponds to Fig. 2, however at the beginning of the relative movement between the Vpercussian pin carrier and the breech body;
  • Fig. 4 corresponds to Fig. 2, however in the tiring position, after completion of the locking of the breech body and underpinning of the locking bodies;
  • Figs. 5-8 show the transverse yoke in various positions, namely:
  • Figs. 9-13 show a second embodiment of the invention, namely:
  • Fig. 9 a horizontal section of the firearm at the moment of tiring
  • Fig. l() is a vertical section through the breech mechanism on the line X-X of Fig. 9;
  • Fig. ll a section on the line X'I-XI of Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 12 a section on the line XII-XH of Fig. l0;
  • Fig. 13 a cross section on a larger scale through the control slots of the breech body and the transverse yoke moving therein.
  • Fig. l the barrel is denoted by 1, which is inserted by means of a bayonet joint 2 in known manner into the receiver 3, and wherein moreover the breech mechanism consisting of the breech body 4, percussion pin carrier 5 and transverse yoke 6 is mounted longitudinally shiftably.
  • the carrier 5 is shiftable in a cavity 41 provided in the breech body 4 and extending along the axis of the barrel 1.
  • the breech body is moved into the firing position by means of the closing spring 7 preloaded between the percussion pin carrier 5 and the receiver 3.
  • a gas piston 1t is housed which is moved by the gas passed in the usual manner through a port 8 from the interior of the barrel into this cylinder, and which is in driving connection with the percussion pin carrier 5 by means of the rod 11 connected therewith.
  • a sear mechanism for the breech mechanism is denoted by 12.
  • two locking bodies 13 in the form of two-armed levers are pivotally mounted on pins 14 fixed in lateral bulges of the receiver 3.
  • One arm 13a of these locking bodies serves for controlling and securing the same, and the other arm 13b thereof for locking the breech body in the firing position.
  • the locking bodies are swung inwardly by the oblique faces 6b of the transverse yoke 6 towards their locking position. This closing movement takes place for example against the bias of springs 15 acting in the direction of an opening movement of the locking bodies and tending to turn the same out of the path of the breech.
  • breech body 4 engages the base of the cartridge 16 located in the cartridge chamber of the barrel and is locked by the locking bodies resting on abntments 4a near the forward end of the breech body.
  • side walls 4b control slots 17 in the form of oblong openings are cut out for the transverse yoke 6 which as seen in Fig. 5 extend obliquely from top to bottom.
  • the slope of these slots 17 conforms with the cross Section profile of the transverse yoke 6, while their height amounts approximately to twice the heightof the latter.
  • the percussion pin carrier is guided between the side Walls 4b in the cavity 41 of the breech body 4, and the firing pin 5a connected therewith is guided in abore 4d of the breechA body.
  • Perpendicular to the axis of the weapon arectangular slot 19 is machinedvinto the percussion pin carrier, which slot is at least as wide as the control member 6 and is Vdimensioned so high that the same can move unhampered from the highest to the lowest point of the control slot 17 in the breech body.
  • the transverse yoke 6 penetrates through the breech body 4 and the percussion pin carrier 5 in a direction perpendicular' to the axis of the weapon, and is for example of a hexagonal cross section as illustrated inl Figs. 5 to 8, which prole isv determined by the mechanical stresses arising.' -On thelateral end faces of the transverse yoke 6 oblique faces 6b are arranged extending forward towards the middle of the weapon, which faces control theV locking bodies 13 Aby ruimingupon the oblique faces 13C thereof in the closing position, and the rear portion 6a of these end faces moves under the locking bodies and secures the same in this position.
  • the control member is guided parallel to the axis of the barrel by a pair of guiding planesv formed by two slots 18 in the side walls of the receiver 3.
  • the lower faces 18a of these slots serving as a safeguard extend parallel to the axis so far forward that the transverse yoke remains secured against a relative movement with respect to the breech body, until the same has reached theV firing position ⁇ (Fig.”7).
  • the forward ends of the slots are enlarged, as shown 6-8, so that the transverse yoke can move unhampered in the control slot 17 of the breech body when in the firing position, K Y, w
  • the movement of the transverse Vyoke 6' is diagrammatically illustrated in elevation in Figs. 5-'8.
  • the transversel yoke is' hatched,'and the control slot 17 of the' breech body 4 is drawn in full lines.
  • the guide slot 1S in the receiver is drawn in 7dotted lines, and the slot 19 in the percussion pin carrier in dot and dash lines.
  • the transverse yoke 6 rests on the guide faces 18a of the portion parallel to the axis of the slots 18 in the receiver, and abuts on the rear upper end of the control slot 17 in ,the breech body as well as on the upper end of the slot 19y in the percussion pin carrier 5.
  • a cartridge is fed in conventional manner (not shown) from a belt or magazine, and inserted into the cartridge chamber Vof the barrel.
  • the inclined faces 6b of the transverse yoke contact the oblique faces 13C of the locking bodies 13 and direct the same towards the locking position (Fig. 3) while covering the distance s.
  • the transverse yoke moves downward in the slot 19 of the percussion pin carrier.
  • the percussion pin 5a fires the cartridge.
  • the two locking bodies 13 take the gas forces applied to the cartridge and hence to the breech body VV4, whereby immediately after'the'fring ⁇ ofthe shot the unlocking process is linitiated in that the gases passing in the usual manner from the barrel into the cylinder space 9 move the piston 10 with the piston rod 11 rearwardly.
  • the supporting faces 13d of the locking bodies are so designed that under, the action of rearwardly directed forces applied to them through the abutment faces 4a of theA breech body they impart an opening moment to the locking bodies whereby their arms 13b are swung out and the breech body is released.
  • the entire breech mechanism is thrown back, the transverse yoke 6 at the beginning of this recoil movement being again secured against any movement relative to the breech body by running upon the lower guide faces 18a of the slots 18 inthe receiver.
  • the spent cartridge case is withdrawn in the usual manner by a withdrawer from the barrel and ejected downwardly from the weapon by an ejector.
  • the loaded closing Y spring .throws the breech body again forward from its rear reversal point, ⁇ whereby a new cartridge is inserted into the barrel.
  • v25 the barrel by 26, 'the breech body by 27, the percussion pin carrier by.28 and the transverse yokey by 291,.
  • dovetail-shaped grooves 31 areY machined (Fig.
  • The'breech body'27 isA slidably mounted in theguides 35 of the receiver 25 (Fig. l2).
  • the control slots 317 are directed obliquely from below forwardly and upwardly, in contrast to the r'st embodiment of the firearm, so that the transverse yoke at the movement relative to the breechy body as required for the firingY position is directed upwardly by sliding on the faces 27b, 7c ⁇ thereof (Fig. 13,),y andthen rests on' the middle of fthe underpin faces 30C of the lockin'g'bodies 30.
  • the transverse yoke 29 is guided in the grooves 39 cut into the side walls of the receiver parallel to the axis of the weapon, and is secured by the upper faces 39a thereof against any upwardly directed movement in the control slot of the breech body.
  • These guide faces 39a end at the point where the transverse yoke is located when the breech body has reached the tiring position.
  • the breech body 27 On the forward stroke of the breech body, the breech body 27 is accelerated by the pressure imparted to it by the face 29a (Pig 13) of the transverse yoke 29, while conversely on the return stroke after the unlocking of the breech body the accelerating forces of the residual gases in the barrel are transmitted from the breech body 27 through the faces 27b thereof to the transverse yoke and hence to the percussion pin carrier.
  • the foot 28a of the percussion pin carrier slidably guided in the receiver reaches under the breech body 27, while the head 28h is inserted into a longitudinal groove thereof, which permits the movement to firing posit-ion of the percussion pin carrier 28 with the percussion pin 28e (Fig. 1o).
  • the oblique end faces 38 marked in dotted lines in Fig. 9 of that part of the breech body which rest on the guides 35 of the receiver transmit the first rotational impulse towards the closing position shown in Fig. 9 to the locking bodies by running upon the control faces 30b thereof, whereafter the transverse yoke completely turns the locking bodies into the closing position and locks the same therein.
  • an automatic firearm comprising in combination, a receiver provided with a pair of guiding planes extending in axial direction; a breech body axially displaceable in said receiver between a ring position and an unlocked position having an axial cavity and side walls, the latter standing opposite each other relative to the breech body axis and having abutments adjacent the front end of said breech body, said side walls further having a pair of openings positioned opposite each other relative to the breech body axis, said openings being parallel to each otherandinclined toward the breech bodyaxis; a spring-VV tensioned carrier guided by said side walls for axial displacement in said cavity and having a slot therein extending transversely to the breech body axis; a gas piston in driving connection with said carrier in order to push said carrier backwards against spring tension during firing; a yoke displaceable in said slot in a direction at right angles to the breech body axis and parallel to said side walls and extending through said openings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
US737911A 1957-05-24 1958-05-26 Automatic firearm Expired - Lifetime US2962936A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH872975X 1957-05-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2962936A true US2962936A (en) 1960-12-06

Family

ID=4544186

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US737911A Expired - Lifetime US2962936A (en) 1957-05-24 1958-05-26 Automatic firearm

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2962936A (de)
BE (1) BE567635A (de)
CH (1) CH357652A (de)
DE (1) DE1068591B (de)
FR (1) FR1206953A (de)
GB (1) GB872975A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4295410A (en) * 1979-11-28 1981-10-20 General Electric Company Gun bolt locking system
US4345505A (en) * 1980-06-11 1982-08-24 General Electric Company Firing pin locking system
EP0766056A2 (de) * 1995-09-30 1997-04-02 Rheinmetall Industrie Aktiengesellschaft Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen Zündstift einer Feuerwaffe
US6109160A (en) * 1996-03-13 2000-08-29 Zanieri; Gianni Breechblock for automatic or semi-automatic weapons
US7676986B2 (en) 1997-04-02 2010-03-16 Nelson David W Capturing device for insects
US20170122685A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-05-04 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Semiautomatic firearm
US10371471B2 (en) 2014-01-14 2019-08-06 D.A. Wiese & Co., Llc Methods of firearm operations
US20200103187A1 (en) * 2018-07-24 2020-04-02 Saeilo Enterprises, Inc. Firearm action
CZ308804B6 (cs) * 2020-04-03 2021-05-26 Česká Zbrojovka A.S. Sestava kladívka automatiky palné zbraně

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE896682A (fr) * 1982-05-08 1991-12-11 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Arme legere munie d'un chien et d'un percuteur.
FR3043767B1 (fr) 2015-11-18 2018-06-01 Chapuis Armes Carabine avec culasse a verrouillage lineaire
RU2750988C1 (ru) * 2020-09-14 2021-07-07 Григорий Евгеньевич Двинских Лафетированное автоматическое оружие

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE641356C (de) * 1931-04-19 1937-01-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Schlossverriegelung fuer Feuerwaffen
GB535570A (en) * 1939-02-23 1941-04-15 Spirito Mario Viale Improved breach mechanism for guns
CH232646A (de) * 1942-08-07 1944-06-15 Rheinmetall Borsig Ag Selbsttätige Feuerwaffe mit Sicherungsvorrichtung gegen Rückprallen.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2089671A (en) * 1933-07-08 1937-08-10 Stecke Edward Automatic firearm
BE441158A (de) * 1939-10-14
BE474539A (de) * 1946-01-16
LU32298A1 (de) * 1953-07-27

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE641356C (de) * 1931-04-19 1937-01-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Schlossverriegelung fuer Feuerwaffen
GB535570A (en) * 1939-02-23 1941-04-15 Spirito Mario Viale Improved breach mechanism for guns
CH232646A (de) * 1942-08-07 1944-06-15 Rheinmetall Borsig Ag Selbsttätige Feuerwaffe mit Sicherungsvorrichtung gegen Rückprallen.

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4295410A (en) * 1979-11-28 1981-10-20 General Electric Company Gun bolt locking system
US4345505A (en) * 1980-06-11 1982-08-24 General Electric Company Firing pin locking system
EP0766056A2 (de) * 1995-09-30 1997-04-02 Rheinmetall Industrie Aktiengesellschaft Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen Zündstift einer Feuerwaffe
EP0766056A3 (de) * 1995-09-30 1998-04-15 Rheinmetall Industrie Aktiengesellschaft Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen Zündstift einer Feuerwaffe
US6109160A (en) * 1996-03-13 2000-08-29 Zanieri; Gianni Breechblock for automatic or semi-automatic weapons
US7676986B2 (en) 1997-04-02 2010-03-16 Nelson David W Capturing device for insects
US10371471B2 (en) 2014-01-14 2019-08-06 D.A. Wiese & Co., Llc Methods of firearm operations
US11713933B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2023-08-01 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
US20170122685A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-05-04 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Semiautomatic firearm
US10788277B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2020-09-29 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
US20200103187A1 (en) * 2018-07-24 2020-04-02 Saeilo Enterprises, Inc. Firearm action
US20210348861A1 (en) * 2018-07-24 2021-11-11 Saeilo Enterprises, Inc. Firearm action
US10895424B2 (en) * 2018-07-24 2021-01-19 Saeilo Enterprises, Inc. Firearm action
US11828559B2 (en) * 2018-07-24 2023-11-28 Saeilo Enterprises, Inc. Firearm action
CZ308804B6 (cs) * 2020-04-03 2021-05-26 Česká Zbrojovka A.S. Sestava kladívka automatiky palné zbraně
US11486667B2 (en) 2020-04-03 2022-11-01 Ceska Zbrojovka A.S. Hammer assembly of the automatic mechanism of a firearm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB872975A (en) 1961-07-19
CH357652A (de) 1961-10-15
FR1206953A (fr) 1960-02-12
BE567635A (de)
DE1068591B (de) 1959-11-05

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