US2089671A

US2089671A - Automatic firearm

Info

Publication number: US2089671A
Application number: US733233A
Authority: US
Inventors: Stecke Edward
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1933-07-08
Filing date: 1934-06-30
Publication date: 1937-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 1954-08-10
Also published as: FR775341A; GB437978A; CH176978A

Description

Aug. 1.0, 1937. E. sTEcKE AUTOMATIC FIREARM Filed June 30, 1934 Patented Aug. 10, A 1937 UNITED STATES AUTOMATIC FIREABM Edward stecke, Warsaw, Poland In Poland July 8, 1933 Application Juneau; 1934, seranV No. 133,233

The present invention relates to automa-tic ilrearms, for instance, machine guns and has i'or its object to provide an automatic gun having a stationary barrel, no gas chamber, and a breech block which is locked during the ring.

Automatic ilrearms are known in which the gas pressure in the gun barrel is utilized for actuating the breech block. Such guns have the disadvantage that it is necessary to lubricate the cartridge cases as experience shows that the frictional resistance of a non-lubricated cartridge case relatively to the barrel chamber at the fmoment of maximum pressure in the chamber,

is greater than the pressure on the bottom o! the cartridge. An automatic gun according to the present invention is free from this drawback and there is no need to lubricate the cartridge cases.

According to the invention a slidable member is provided and connected with the breech block in such a manner that a very small return rear- /ward movement oi the locked breech block produces a comparatively considerable displacement of the said movable member.` The kinetic en- F25 ergy of the movable member is transmitted at the end of the stroke of this member to the breech block. The breech block is then further moved rearwardly with very considerable force. Atpthe same time the cartridge case is reliably pulled out of the barrel chamber, even though the cartridge is not lubricated. 'In this manner it will thus be seen that the breech block mechanism is not operated by the pressure oi p the gases remaining in the barrel after the firing,

but is actuated by utilizing 'the pressure which exists in the barrel chamber before the bullet leaves the barrel.

In order to obtain a considerable displacement oi the movable member during a. first short rear- 40 ward movement of the breech block, the breech block is, according to the invention, provided with a suitable mechanism which preferably consists of two slidable and turnable two-armed locking levers. In the position of rest of the breech block, that is to say, the position occupied before firing, the outer arms of the locking levers bear against inclined walls of suitable recesses provided in the gun chamber, whilst the inner arms rest upon the member slidable in the breech block.

Within an extension of the breech block there may also be provided a further set of two-armed levers, the outer arms of which are adapted to bear against recessed portions of the gun chamber, whilst the inner arms lie within the path of the member slidable in the breech block. vBy this means it is possible to obtain a very powerful and considerable rearward movement of the breech block and simultaneous withdrawal of the cartridge case from the bullet chamber. This 5 is attained by the movable slide member within the breech block striking against the inner arms o! the second set of levers. At the same time,- that is at'the commencement of the second part of the movement of the breech block caused by 10 the impact of the sliding member, as the rst set of levers, that is the locking levers, is released so as to entirely unlock the Ybreech block. The

locking levers slide' during this release movement into the breech block under `the action oi inclined walls provided in corresponding recesses in the gun chamber. i

The accompanying drawing shows by way of example one construction embodying the features of the invention. 20

Fig. l is a sectional elevation through the breech block and the adjacent parts of an automatic gun,

Fig. 2 is a longit dinal section partly in plan showing the parts in the position they assume 25 before the iirin'g, l

Fig. 3is a longitudinal section showing the parts in the position they assume after the tiring.

Fig. 1 is drawn to a slightly smaller scale than Figs. Zand 3. Y 30 Within the gun chamber I5 is slidably mounted a breech block 4I provided with a known device 1 for withdrawing the cartridge case i'rom the barrel chamber. Within the breech block I is slidably mounted a member 3. The breech 35 block I is locked in the ilring position by means of two twoarmed levers 2, the outer arms of' which bear against inclined walls 8 of recesses formed in the gun chamber I5, whilst the inner arms of the levers bear upon the plane face IB of 40 the slidable member 3. The latter member has a cylindrical supporting part I1 and is moved Iorward and against the levers 2 by a spring 4. l

At the, moment of firing, the breech. block moves backwards. At the same time thelocking 45 levers 2 turn owing to the pressure exerted upon them by the walls 8, about points Li'representin at that moment the fulcrll/rty/{he levers trike the walls of the cylindrical p t II of the s iding member 3 limiting their t ing movement. Dur- 50 ing this turning movement of the locking levers, which is very rapid, the inner arms of the locking levers act upon the plane face I6 of the movable slide member 3 and throw the slide backwards with considerable velocity. 55

This backward movement of the slide 3 completely releases the locking levers 2 as shown in Fig. 2. The locking levers then slide along inclined walls 8 of the gun chamber I5 and enter into suitable recesses within the breech block, touching in this position. the point 9 of the striker pin, and entirely releasing the breech block I.

Simultaneously with the release of the breech block I,.the movable slide member 3 is thrown against the innerarms of the two-armed leversA 5 pivotally mounted at lil in the breech block and having the outer arms extending into recesses 6 of the gun chamber. Owing to the impact of the movable slide member 3 against the levers 5, the kinetic energy of the slide member is transmitted to the block and a very powerful rearward movement of the block is produced. The high ratio transmission of the levers E produces a powerful Y rearward movement oi' thebreech block I, where-V by the cartridge case is loosened by an extractor 'l `in the bullet chamber I3, this being an essential condition for faultless operation of the gun. This powerful movement of the breech block renders it unnecessary to lubricate the cartridge V4cases. l

The slide member 3 may be manually operated ,0 inner arms and said slidable member having `a plane face and a cylindrical supporting part oper-l able by said inner arms, whereby during a short initial rearward movement of the breech block, said locking levers are turned by said inclined walls and are caused after the contact with the cylindrical part to throw said sliding member backwards with their inner arms; and means for transmitting the kinetic energyv of the thrown back sliding member to the breech block for the purpose of causing a further backward movement of the breech block, substantially as described.

2. vIn an automatic gun the combination of: a casing; a cartridge chamber in said casing; a breech block chamber in 'said casing; a breech block slidable in said breech block chamber and are caused to throw backwards the sliding member within the breech block, whereupon the breech block is further thrown back by the impact of the sliding memberLsubstantialiy as describedl 3. In an automatic gun the combination of aY casing; a cartridge chamber in said casing; a breech block chamber in said casing; a breech block slidably mounted in said breech block chamber and provided with a cartridge extractor;

- a member slidably mounted within said breech block and having a plane face and a cylindrical supporting part; two symmetrical double-armed locking levers slidably and turnably mounted in said breech block and having outer arms engaging the inclined walls of recesses in said casing in the locked position of the breech block, the inner arms of said double-armed locking levers being prevented' from sliding inwardly by the cylindrical supporting part of said sliding member and bearing in the locked position of the breech block against the plane face of the sliding member; double-armed levers pivotally mounted at the end of the breech block; recesses in the casing, into which extend the shorter arms of saidvdoublearmed levers; the longer inner arms of said double-armed levers projecting inwardly into the path of the sliding member; spring means tending to move the breech block into its forward position; whereby during a short initial rearward movement of the breech block after ring, the two locking arms are caused to turn under the action of the inclined surfaces within the casing, so as to throw backwards the sliding member within the breech block, whereupon the thrown back sliding member impacting against `the rear side of said double-armed levers produces a powerful further rearward movement of the breech block and entirely releases the locking levers, substantially as described.

EDWARD STECKE.