US2515937A - Photosensitive gold glass and method of making it - Google Patents

Photosensitive gold glass and method of making it Download PDF

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Publication number
US2515937A
US2515937A US513443A US51344343A US2515937A US 2515937 A US2515937 A US 2515937A US 513443 A US513443 A US 513443A US 51344343 A US51344343 A US 51344343A US 2515937 A US2515937 A US 2515937A
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United States
Prior art keywords
glass
glasses
gold
article
color
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Expired - Lifetime
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US513443A
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English (en)
Inventor
Stookey Stanley Donald
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Corning Glass Works
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Corning Glass Works
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US515938D priority Critical patent/USB515938I5/en
Priority to BE478624D priority patent/BE478624A/xx
Priority to FR957663D priority patent/FR957663A/fr
Priority to NL69675D priority patent/NL69675C/xx
Priority to US513445A priority patent/US2515939A/en
Application filed by Corning Glass Works filed Critical Corning Glass Works
Priority to US513443A priority patent/US2515937A/en
Priority to GB18372/44A priority patent/GB597089A/en
Priority to GB33148/47A priority patent/GB636151A/en
Priority to GB33147/47A priority patent/GB635649A/en
Priority to CH283355D priority patent/CH283355A/de
Priority to CH283356D priority patent/CH283356A/de
Priority to CH283353D priority patent/CH283353A/de
Priority to DEP29224A priority patent/DE809847C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2515937A publication Critical patent/US2515937A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B44F1/08—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects characterised by colour effects
    • B44F1/10—Changing, amusing, or secret pictures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
    • C03C14/006—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of microcrystallites, e.g. of optically or electrically active material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/04—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photosensitive glasses, that is, glasses in which exposure-to short wave radiations such as ultraviolet brings about a change in the glass as a result of which irradiated areas are capable of heat developed coloration while non-irradiated areas remain substantially It has recently been shown that certain copper-containing glasses, when melted under proper reducing conditions, possess photosensitive characteristics.
  • the primary object of this invention is to provide an improved photosensitive glass.
  • Another object is to provide a photosensitive glass which is more sensitive to short wave radiations than prior glasses.
  • Another object is to provide a photosensitiv glass which can develop a wider range of colors with greater contrast than prior glasses.
  • Another object is to provide a photosensitive glass which is capable of developing colors ranging from blue through various intermediate shades of purple and maroon to red.
  • Still another object is to provide a photosensitive glass, the color producing ingredient of which is gold.
  • Another object is to form permanent positive photographic images within the massof a glass body and integral with the glass.
  • a further object is to provide glasses in which positive images can be produced with sharp detail by ordinary printing methods from photographic negatives.
  • Another object is to produce such positive images in glass with novel arrangements of color.
  • Still a further object is to provide portraits, landscapes and the like in glass.
  • Another object is to produce in glass microphotographs and photographic reproductions of line drawings, cartoons, mechanical drawings, printed matter, and the like.
  • the glasses of my invention are obtained by melting under proper conditions a silicate batch containing a small amount of a compound of gold and preferably but not essentially containing also a compound of a metal of the second periodic group, excluding cadmium, mercury and radium.
  • Glasses made according to my invention are colorless and when exposed to short wave radiations they show no permanent change, but when subsequently reheated at temperatures below their softening points the irradiated areas develop colors which vary in hue and in saturation or intensity, depending upon the presence or absence of certain auxiliary substances and the duration or intensity of exposure and/or subsequent reheating, as will later appear.
  • the presence of one or more of the oxides of barium, strontium, zinc, calcium, magnesium and beryllium is desirable. This not only ensures a glass of good chemical durabflity but, with barium oxide at least, seems to improve its photosensitivity. Cadmium oxide in substantial amounts unexpectedly appearsto inhibit photosensitivity.
  • the gold is preferably introduced into the batch as a solution of gold chloride.
  • the batches for the glasses according to the invention must be free from certain substances which inhibit photosensitivity.
  • such substances comprise reducing agents, or materials having a reducing action, and ultraviolet absorbing impurities.
  • Reducing agents in general cause precipitation of the gold and complete inhibition of photosensitivity.
  • I have found also that the presence of substantial amounts of compounds of arsenic, antimony, cadmium, uranium, thallium, copper, iron, vanadium, manganese, and selenium inhibit photosensitivity in the finished glasses.
  • lead in amounts up to 2% to 3% of PbO on the oxide basis is harmless, larger amounts also inhibit photosensitivity, probably through absorption of the efiective radiations.
  • not more than about 4% to 5% of B20: nor about 5% to 6% of A: on the oxide basis can be tolerated.
  • the presence of substantial tin oxide decreases the photosensitivity of my glasses by causing heat developed coloration irrespective of irradiation. Inamounts greater than about 0.02% SD02, it is practically inhibitive. However, 0.02% or less of SnOz may be advantageous for some purposes because'it will induce .cerium in my glasses has several important efiects and advantages despite the fact that cerium in substantial amounts may absorb the effective radiations. It greatly improves the sensitivity of the glasses, 1. e., it increases the exposure speed ten-fold or decreases the time of exposure by a factor of ten.
  • cerium increases the color intensity which may be produced by a given quantity of gold on irradiation and heat treatment.
  • an oxidizing agent such as nitre (NaNOa), or saltpeter (KNOa)
  • CeOz are suflicient to produce such effects. Amounts in excess of 0.05% cause absorption of the effective radiations and decrease or inhibit photosensitivity.
  • the colors obtainable by irradiating and heating my glasses will vary with the exposure and the heat treatment and will range from blue through various intermediate shades of lavender, purple and maroon to a deep red.
  • the coloration passes progressively through this range of colors in the recited order as time or intensity of exposure is increased.
  • Blue is usually the first color to appear and after it has passed into the glass it is followed by a red coloration, the combination of the two colors causing the glass to appear lavender, purple or maroon. With sufliciently long heating the blue color ultimately is entirely replaced by red.
  • the heat-developed color will also change through the above described range as the time or temperature of heat treatment is increased.
  • the glass may i .be so aflected that only a red color can be developed by heat treatment.
  • the time of exposure necessary to obtain an effect in my glasses which can'be developed into a coloration by heating will vary. depending upon the composition of the glass, the color effects desired and the intensity of the eflective radiations, i. e., the type and distance of the source of the radiations from the glass during exposure.
  • a five minute direct exposure at eight inches from a carbon arc will generally suflice for the production of a blue color in a glass containing gold and cerium when subsequently heated.
  • the glass will become colored and the colors produced in the exposed areas will differ from one another and may vary from blue to red. depending upon the times and intensities of the exposures. For example. a blue portrait may be produced on a colorless background surrounded by a red border, as will later be shown.
  • ultraviolet emitting lamps such as the carbon are or the quartz mercury arc, are examples of ultraviolet emitting lamps.
  • the temperature and time of heat treatment will depend upon how greatly the gold in the glass has been affected by irradiation.
  • the most suitable temperatures are between 500 C and 600 C. Long treatments at the lower temperatures are as efiective as short treatments at the higher temperatures. Very drastic heat treatments near the softening temperature of the glass may cause the development of some coloration in unexposed areas.
  • the glass may be reheated repeatedly for thirty minute intervals at 550 C. without coloration of unexposed areas. Such areas, if subsequently exposed, will thereafter become colored on being heated. Exposed areas which are repeatedly reheated undergo color changes as above pointed out and progress from blue through intermediate shades to red.
  • diflferentially colored designs and photographic images may be produced in a glass body by exposing only previously unexposed areas one after another, using the same exposure time and intensity and reheating the glass after each exposure.
  • compositions 1 to 5 inclusive are examples of batches for glasses which contain a second group oxide, specifically BaO.
  • Compositions 6 to 8 inclusive are similar examples which contain no the unexposed areas, thus providing in a single second group oxide. It will be observed that the batches all contain gold equivalent to about 0.01% of the finished glass. Batches Nos. 2, 4, 6, '7, and Bcontain in addition nitre; No. 3 contains CeO: equivalent to about 0.04% of the glass, but no nitre; No. 4 contains both C802 and nitre; and No. 5 contains tin oxide equivalent to about 0.02% of the glass.
  • composition 4 also contains a small quantity of cryolite.
  • This material functions as. a. fining agent.
  • arsenic and antimony the usual fining agents, cannot be used in my glasses.- I have found that fluorine acts as a fining agent in these glasses and that any fluorine compound which contains no inhibitory substance can be used, such as cryolite, fluorspar, sodium silicofluoride, sodium fluoride, etc.
  • the glasses of the above compositions are colorless, highly photosensitive, and can develop a variety of colors and combinations of colors subject to the necessary conditions of, time and/or intensity of exposure or heat treatment, as hereinbefore explained.
  • 1 represents a glass plate having a thickness of about inch, a length of about 4% inches and a width of about 3 /2 inches, and bearing within its mass a centrally located portrait of one color and a narrow circumscribed stripe of an-- other color, but being otherwise colorless;
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line .22 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a reticle for an optical instrument comprising a small, transparent, homogeneous glass disc having a plurality of extremely thin planes of color extending perpendicularly inward from one face of the disc and forming a cross hair when viewed from either face of the disc.
  • a colorless, transparent and polished plate of the stated size composed of glass composition4 of Table I was covered with a light-proof mask which permitted exposure of only that area which was to be provided with the circumscribed border stripe.
  • the plate was thereafter exposed for about 15 hours at a distance of about twenty inches from a quartz mercury arc lamp.
  • the mask was then removed and an ordinary photographic negative of the desired portrait was superimposed over the central portion of the plate and the area surrounding the portrait was again masked.
  • the whole was exposed at about eight inches from a carbon arc, the negative being between the arc and the sensitive glass plate.
  • the plate was removed, the negative and mask were separated therefrom and the exposed plate was slowly taneously for thirty minutesat about 550 C. 40 heated uniformly to about 550 C.
  • photographic negatives can be employed, in the conventional manner, using an ultraviolet lamp or other source of short wave radiations to make positive images in the glass which are equal 'in detail and contrast to positive images printed in like manner upon photographic printing paper.
  • the glass plates and celluloslc films, hich are used as supports for the emulsion of ordinary photographic negatives have a substantial absorption for ultraviolet. Although such absorption is not sufficient to prevent printing in my glasses with ultraviolet in the ordinary manner], I have found that it practically quadruples the exposure time necessary to produce a given effect.
  • This difliculty can be avoided by using negatives in which the emulsion is supported on plates of ultraviolet transmitting glass, or by forming the emulsion directly upon the glass in which the positive image is to be developed.
  • the plate was slowly cooled.
  • the plate thereafter bore within its mass a permanent positive image which was a faithful reproduction of the negative and which was surrounded by a bordering stripe of contrasting color.
  • the color of the portrait was blue and the color of the border stripe was red.
  • the colors could have been reversed by reversing the exposure times and intensities. Other color combinations could also have been produced by varying the different factors as hereinbefore explained.
  • the reticle of Fig. 3 may conveniently be made by preparing an enlarged drawing of the desired cross hairs, photographing the drawing to form a negative thereof on agreatly reduced scale and then employing the negative to transfer a positive photographic image to the glass disc in the manner employed for making the portrait shown in
  • mechanical drawings, cartoons and various sorts of sketches, etchings, paintings and the like can be photographed, printed and developed in the glasses of my invention.
  • oxidized silicate glass means a glass prepared by fusion of raw glassmaking materials under oxidizing conditions, preferably in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as NaNOa or KNOa, containing on the oxide basis a major proportion of silica and a minor proportion of an alkali metal oxide such as sodium oxide, preferably containing a minor proportion of an oxide of a metal other than cadmium of the second periodic group up to and including barium, and optionally containing a minor proportion of one or more other conventional glass-forming oxides such as A1203, B203, and PhD, but being free of constituents which inhibit photosensitivity including compounds of arsenic, antimony, cadmium, uranium, thallium, copper, iron, vanadium, manganese, and selenium and also over 6% A1203, over B203, and over 3% P120.
  • an oxidizing agent such as NaNOa or KNOa
  • a photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and CeOz in an amount up to 0.05%.
  • a photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and SnOz in an amount up to 0.02%.
  • An article comprising a body of irradiated, substantially colorless photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and CeOz in an amount up to 0.05%, said glass body containing within its mass a predetermined latent photographic image capable of being developed, by uniform heating of the entire glass body, into a visible colored image exhibiting photographic detail.
  • An article comprising a body of irradiated, substantially colorless photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and SnOz in an amount up to 0.02%, said glass body containing within its mass a predetermined latent photographic image capable of being developed, by uniform heating of the entire glass body, into a visible colored image exhibiting photographic detail.
  • An article comprising a, glass body made of a photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, selected portions of said glass body being colored by the gold to form within its mass a heat-stable image exhibiting photographic detail.
  • An article comprising a glass body made of a photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and C802 in an amount up to 0.05%, selected portions of said glass body being colored by the gold to form within its mass a heat-stable image exhibiting photographic detail.
  • An. article comprising a glass body made of a photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and $1102 in an amount up to 0.02%, selected portions of said glass body being colored by the gold to form within its mass a heat-stable image exhibiting photographic detail.
  • the method of making a glass article which comprises forming an article of a substantially colorless photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, exposing an area of the article to short-wave radiations and thereafter heating the article uniformly for a time and at a temperature suilicient to develop color in the exposed area.
  • the method of making a glass article which comprises forming an article of a substantially colorless photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, and CeOz in an amount up to 0.05%, exposing an area of the article to short-wave radiations and thereafter heating the article uniformly for a time and at a temperature suflicient to develop color in the exposed area.
  • the method of making a glass article which comprises forming an article of a substantially colorles photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, exposing an area of the article to short-wave radiations of a given intensity, exposing another area of the article to short-wave radiations of a diiferent intensity, and thereafter heating the article uniformly for a time and at a temperature suflicient to develop color in the exposed areas.
  • the method of making a glass article which comprises forming an article oi. a substantially colorless photosensitive glass consisting essentially of an oxidized silicate glass containing a on the oxide basis by weight about 0.01% to about 0.03% of gold computed as Au, exposing selected areas of the article to short-wave radiations, heating the article uniformly for a time and at a temperature sumcient to develop color in the exposed areas, thereafter exposing hitherto unexposed areas to short-wave radiations and thereafter again heating the article appris iormly for a time and at a temperature suflicient to develop color in the subsequently exposed areas.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
US513443A 1943-12-08 1943-12-08 Photosensitive gold glass and method of making it Expired - Lifetime US2515937A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US515938D USB515938I5 (el) 1943-12-08
BE478624D BE478624A (el) 1943-12-08
FR957663D FR957663A (el) 1943-12-08
NL69675D NL69675C (el) 1943-12-08
US513443A US2515937A (en) 1943-12-08 1943-12-08 Photosensitive gold glass and method of making it
US513445A US2515939A (en) 1943-12-08 1943-12-08 Opacifiable photosensitive glasses
GB18372/44A GB597089A (en) 1943-12-08 1944-09-26 Improvements in the manufacture of photosensitive glass, and articles made therefrom
GB33148/47A GB636151A (en) 1943-12-08 1947-12-16 Improvements in the manufacture of opacifiable photosensitive glasses
GB33147/47A GB635649A (en) 1943-12-08 1947-12-16 Improvements in photosensitive copper glass and method of making articles thereof
CH283355D CH283355A (de) 1943-12-08 1947-12-30 Für kurzwellige Bestrahlung photoempfindliches Silikatglas.
CH283356D CH283356A (de) 1943-12-08 1947-12-30 Für kurzwellige Bestrahlung photoempfindliches Silikatglas.
CH283353D CH283353A (de) 1943-12-08 1947-12-30 Durchsichtiges, für kurzwellige Bestrahlung photoempfindliches Silikatglas.
DEP29224A DE809847C (de) 1943-12-08 1949-01-01 Lichtempfindliches Glas

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US513443A US2515937A (en) 1943-12-08 1943-12-08 Photosensitive gold glass and method of making it

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US2515937A true US2515937A (en) 1950-07-18

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US513443A Expired - Lifetime US2515937A (en) 1943-12-08 1943-12-08 Photosensitive gold glass and method of making it

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BE (1) BE478624A (el)
CH (3) CH283355A (el)
DE (1) DE809847C (el)
FR (1) FR957663A (el)
GB (3) GB597089A (el)
NL (1) NL69675C (el)

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US2653516A (en) * 1949-10-17 1953-09-29 Glen A Johnson Light-beam-rectifying lens
US2752785A (en) * 1951-08-16 1956-07-03 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Graduated glassware and method of making
US2949361A (en) * 1956-08-13 1960-08-16 Gen Electric Photosensitive compositions
US3031301A (en) * 1959-03-30 1962-04-24 Gen Electric Photosensitive resin compositions
US3040213A (en) * 1956-11-15 1962-06-19 Corning Glass Works Composite glaceramic articles and method of making
US3454386A (en) * 1965-01-13 1969-07-08 Ppg Industries Inc Method for making radiation induced crystallized glass
US3519522A (en) * 1966-12-21 1970-07-07 Corning Glass Works Strengthening of photosensitive glass articles
US3615318A (en) * 1967-08-01 1971-10-26 Owens Illinois Inc Decorating process
US3615317A (en) * 1967-08-01 1971-10-26 Owens Illinois Inc Glass and glass-ceramic treating process
US3944697A (en) * 1972-05-12 1976-03-16 Nippon Kogaku K.K. Glass body having a fluorescent pattern inwardly of a surface thereof
US4057408A (en) * 1976-01-02 1977-11-08 Corning Glass Works Method for making photosensitive colored glasses
DE2811420A1 (de) * 1977-03-17 1978-09-21 Corning Glass Works Verfahren zur bildkontrastverstaerkung in kathodenstrahlroehren
US4134747A (en) * 1977-03-16 1979-01-16 Corning Glass Works Method of forming transparent and opaque portions in a reducing atmosphere glass
US5102833A (en) * 1991-07-10 1992-04-07 Alfred University Strengthening glass articles with electromagnetic radiation and resulting product
US5212120A (en) * 1991-06-10 1993-05-18 Corning Incorporated Photosensitive glass
US6132643A (en) * 1998-01-06 2000-10-17 Pavel; Eugen Fluorescent photosensitive vitroceramics and process for the production thereof
US6228787B1 (en) 1998-07-27 2001-05-08 Eugen Pavel Fluorescent photosensitive glasses and process for the production thereof
WO2014109819A1 (en) 2013-01-09 2014-07-17 United Technologies Corporation Airfoil and method of making
US9365314B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2016-06-14 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Product and package with a photosensitive use-evident feature
WO2017218468A1 (en) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 Corning Incorporated Multicolored photosensitive glass-based parts and methods of manufacture
EP4046187A4 (en) * 2019-10-14 2022-12-07 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. HIGH TEMPERATURE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD SUBSTRATE
US11677373B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2023-06-13 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Impedence matching conductive structure for high efficiency RF circuits
US11894594B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2024-02-06 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Coupled transmission line resonate RF filter
US11908617B2 (en) 2020-04-17 2024-02-20 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Broadband induction
US11929199B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2024-03-12 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D inductors fabricating photoactive substrates
US11962057B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2024-04-16 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Glass based empty substrate integrated waveguide devices

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BE513836A (el) * 1951-08-30
GB770992A (en) * 1952-09-12 1957-03-27 Wilson Samuel Kao Improvements in or relating to a method for producing 3-dimensional reproductions ofsolid objects
DE955996C (de) * 1953-05-14 1957-01-10 Leitz Ernst Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Interferenzfiltern
DE1148859B (de) * 1956-11-16 1963-05-16 C L Dr Otto John Munz M Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Photoreliefs
DE1260178B (de) * 1964-11-20 1968-02-01 Agfa Gevaert Ag Fotografische Kamera mit einem rasterartigen Abbildungssystem
DE2937433C2 (de) * 1979-09-15 1981-08-06 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Belichtungsanordnung
GB2163866B (en) * 1984-08-30 1988-07-20 Erba Farmitalia Method of measurement using a microscope and a photographically produced grid
GB2301678B (en) * 1995-04-28 1999-02-24 Univ Southampton Optical waveguide device
US9296641B2 (en) 2012-11-01 2016-03-29 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Inspectable black glass containers

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US332294A (en) * 1885-12-15 Feedeeick stagey shieley
US337170A (en) * 1886-03-02 Glassware
US343823A (en) * 1886-06-15 Glassware
US366364A (en) * 1887-07-12 Method of manufacturing ornamental glass
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US703512A (en) * 1901-12-26 1902-07-01 Richard Zsigmondy Composition for ruby glass.
US1169571A (en) * 1914-01-21 1916-01-25 Harry Rosenthal Art of coloring glass.
US1271652A (en) * 1917-02-05 1918-07-09 Western Electric Co Method of making colored glass.
GB205381A (en) * 1922-11-29 1923-10-18 Francis Everard Lamplough Improvements relating to glass for producing daylight effects from artificial sources of illumination
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US2653516A (en) * 1949-10-17 1953-09-29 Glen A Johnson Light-beam-rectifying lens
US2752785A (en) * 1951-08-16 1956-07-03 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Graduated glassware and method of making
US2949361A (en) * 1956-08-13 1960-08-16 Gen Electric Photosensitive compositions
US3040213A (en) * 1956-11-15 1962-06-19 Corning Glass Works Composite glaceramic articles and method of making
US3031301A (en) * 1959-03-30 1962-04-24 Gen Electric Photosensitive resin compositions
US3454386A (en) * 1965-01-13 1969-07-08 Ppg Industries Inc Method for making radiation induced crystallized glass
US3519522A (en) * 1966-12-21 1970-07-07 Corning Glass Works Strengthening of photosensitive glass articles
US3615317A (en) * 1967-08-01 1971-10-26 Owens Illinois Inc Glass and glass-ceramic treating process
US3615318A (en) * 1967-08-01 1971-10-26 Owens Illinois Inc Decorating process
US3944697A (en) * 1972-05-12 1976-03-16 Nippon Kogaku K.K. Glass body having a fluorescent pattern inwardly of a surface thereof
US4057408A (en) * 1976-01-02 1977-11-08 Corning Glass Works Method for making photosensitive colored glasses
US4134747A (en) * 1977-03-16 1979-01-16 Corning Glass Works Method of forming transparent and opaque portions in a reducing atmosphere glass
DE2811420A1 (de) * 1977-03-17 1978-09-21 Corning Glass Works Verfahren zur bildkontrastverstaerkung in kathodenstrahlroehren
US5212120A (en) * 1991-06-10 1993-05-18 Corning Incorporated Photosensitive glass
US5102833A (en) * 1991-07-10 1992-04-07 Alfred University Strengthening glass articles with electromagnetic radiation and resulting product
US6132643A (en) * 1998-01-06 2000-10-17 Pavel; Eugen Fluorescent photosensitive vitroceramics and process for the production thereof
US6228787B1 (en) 1998-07-27 2001-05-08 Eugen Pavel Fluorescent photosensitive glasses and process for the production thereof
EP3444199A2 (en) 2012-11-16 2019-02-20 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Product and package with a photosensitive use-evident feature
US9365314B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2016-06-14 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Product and package with a photosensitive use-evident feature
EP3263476A2 (en) 2012-11-16 2018-01-03 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Product and package with a photosensitive use-evident feature
US9938058B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2018-04-10 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Product and package with a photosensitive use-evident feature
US11279532B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2022-03-22 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Product and package with a photosensitive use-evident feature
WO2014109819A1 (en) 2013-01-09 2014-07-17 United Technologies Corporation Airfoil and method of making
US11929199B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2024-03-12 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. 2D and 3D inductors fabricating photoactive substrates
JP2019522623A (ja) * 2016-06-13 2019-08-15 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 多色感光性ガラス系部品および製造方法
KR20190017015A (ko) * 2016-06-13 2019-02-19 코닝 인코포레이티드 다색 감광성(photosensitive) 유리-계 부품 및 이의 제조 방법
US11198639B2 (en) 2016-06-13 2021-12-14 Corning Incorporated Multicolored photosensitive glass-based parts and methods of manufacture
CN109311732A (zh) * 2016-06-13 2019-02-05 康宁股份有限公司 基于多色光敏玻璃的部件及其制造方法
TWI763679B (zh) * 2016-06-13 2022-05-11 美商康寧公司 基於多色感光玻璃的部件以及製作方法
WO2017218468A1 (en) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 Corning Incorporated Multicolored photosensitive glass-based parts and methods of manufacture
US11894594B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2024-02-06 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Coupled transmission line resonate RF filter
US11677373B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2023-06-13 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Impedence matching conductive structure for high efficiency RF circuits
US11962057B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2024-04-16 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Glass based empty substrate integrated waveguide devices
EP4046187A4 (en) * 2019-10-14 2022-12-07 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. HIGH TEMPERATURE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD SUBSTRATE
US11908617B2 (en) 2020-04-17 2024-02-20 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. Broadband induction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB636151A (en) 1950-04-26
CH283356A (de) 1952-06-15
NL69675C (el)
FR957663A (el) 1950-02-23
CH283353A (de) 1952-06-15
GB597089A (en) 1948-01-19
CH283355A (de) 1952-06-15
GB635649A (en) 1950-04-12
DE809847C (de) 1951-08-02
BE478624A (el)
USB515938I5 (el)

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