US20220373270A1 - Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20220373270A1 US20220373270A1 US17/629,887 US202017629887A US2022373270A1 US 20220373270 A1 US20220373270 A1 US 20220373270A1 US 202017629887 A US202017629887 A US 202017629887A US 2022373270 A1 US2022373270 A1 US 2022373270A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat transfer
- fluid
- raised
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
- F28F1/325—Fins with openings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
- F28F3/027—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements with openings, e.g. louvered corrugated fins; Assemblies of corrugated strips
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
- F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
- F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2215/00—Fins
- F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities
Definitions
- Patent Literature 3 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Hei 2-309195
- Patent Literature 8 Japanese Patent No. 5077926
- an angle at which the raised part is slanted from a direction orthogonal to a flow of the fluid is from at least 30° to not greater than 80°.
- a width of the raised part is from at least 0.6 mm to not greater than 4.5 mm. According to such a heat exchange promotion member of the present invention in which the raised part has a width within the above range, suppression of flow resistance and improvement in heat transfer rate can both be achieved at a high level.
- FIG. 1A is a view of the heat exchanger 10 seen in the Y direction
- FIG. 1B is a view of the heat exchanger 10 seen in the Z direction.
- a fluid is flowing in the X direction.
- Various kinds can be used as the fluid to exchange heat with the heat dissipation fins 14 , including a liquid such as water or a gas such as air. Also, various kinds can be used as the heat medium that flows through the inside of the heat transfer tubes 15 , including a gas such as air, a liquid such as water, or a refrigerant used in a refrigeration cycle such as a vapor compression refrigeration cycle.
- the heat dissipation fin 14 is a heat exchange promotion member that promotes heat exchange between the fluid and the heat medium described above. To promote heat exchange further, the heat dissipation fin 14 has the raised parts 13 formed thereat.
- the raised parts 13 are portions formed by protruding part of the heat dissipation fin 14 in the +Y direction. As a whole, the raised part 13 forms a meandering wall parallel to the Z direction, which is a direction orthogonal to the X direction which is the flowing direction in which the fluid flows. Locally, the raised part 13 extends obliquely relative to the Z direction. Specifically, the raised part 13 alternately has a slanted portion where a +Z-side portion thereof is slanted toward the +X side and a slanted portion where a +Z-side portion thereof is slanted toward the ⁇ X side. The raised part 13 is formed continuously from the +Z-side end portion to the ⁇ Z-side end portion of the heat dissipation fin 14 .
- the horizontal axis represents the Reynolds number
- the vertical axis represents the f-factor.
- the solid line indicates the characteristics of a plane fin
- the loosely-dotted line indicates the characteristics of a louvered fin
- the densely-dotted line indicates the characteristics of a slitted fin
- the dash-dot line indicates the characteristics of a wavy fin
- the dash-dot-dot line indicates the characteristics of a fin having dimples formed therein.
- an increase in the j-factor can be 107% and an increase in the f-factor can be only 78%, compared to those of the plane fin.
- an increase in pressure loss can be suppressed while improving heat transfer performance.
- heat exchange can be performed efficiently with low operational energy.
- a heat exchanger using the heat dissipation fin 14 according to the present embodiment can reduce frosting and allows easy defrosting.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019-137663 | 2019-07-26 | ||
| JP2019137663 | 2019-07-26 | ||
| PCT/JP2020/035727 WO2021020592A1 (ja) | 2019-07-26 | 2020-09-23 | 熱交換促進部材および熱交換器 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2020/035727 A-371-Of-International WO2021020592A1 (ja) | 2019-07-26 | 2020-09-23 | 熱交換促進部材および熱交換器 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/908,257 Continuation US12529529B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2024-10-07 | Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20220373270A1 true US20220373270A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
Family
ID=74228985
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/629,887 Abandoned US20220373270A1 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2020-09-23 | Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger |
| US18/908,257 Active US12529529B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2024-10-07 | Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/908,257 Active US12529529B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2024-10-07 | Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20220373270A1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP7569524B2 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN114556041B (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2021020592A1 (https=) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12523428B2 (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2026-01-13 | Zte Corporation | Heat dissipation assembly and heat dissipater |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080264098A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2008-10-30 | The University Of Tokyo | Heat Exchanger, Air Conditioning Device Equipped with Heat Exchanger, and Air Property Converter |
| US7475719B2 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2009-01-13 | Evapco, Inc. | High-frequency, low-amplitude corrugated fin for a heat exchanger coil assembly |
| US9080819B2 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2015-07-14 | T.Rad Co., Ltd. | Folded heat exchanger with V-shaped convex portions |
Family Cites Families (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE496733C (de) * | 1928-10-27 | 1930-04-24 | E H Hugo Junkers Dr Ing | Rippenrohr-Waermeaustauschvorrichtung mit aus Blech von ueberall gleicher Dicke hergestellten Rippen |
| US3515207A (en) * | 1968-07-17 | 1970-06-02 | Perfex Corp | Fin configuration for fin and tube heat exchanger |
| JPS55105786U (https=) | 1979-01-11 | 1980-07-24 | ||
| US4332291A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1982-06-01 | D. Mulock-Bentley And Associates (Proprietary) Limited | Heat exchanger with slotted fin strips |
| NL8100334A (nl) * | 1980-01-28 | 1981-08-17 | Lummus Co | Buis met plaatvormige ribben en warmtewisselaar die met zulke ribben is uitgerust. |
| JPS5883687U (ja) * | 1981-12-02 | 1983-06-06 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | フイン付熱交換器 |
| JPS62123293A (ja) | 1985-11-20 | 1987-06-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | フイン付熱交換器 |
| JPH02309195A (ja) | 1989-05-23 | 1990-12-25 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 熱交換器及びその製造方法 |
| JPH0476395A (ja) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-03-11 | Kenzo Kitamura | 自然対流の伝熱促進方法 |
| JPH0517366U (ja) | 1991-08-06 | 1993-03-05 | 東洋ラジエーター株式会社 | 熱交換器のプレートフイン |
| JP3342121B2 (ja) * | 1993-08-26 | 2002-11-05 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | プレートフィンアンドチューブ型熱交換器 |
| JPH08170890A (ja) | 1994-12-16 | 1996-07-02 | Daikin Ind Ltd | クロスフィン熱交換器 |
| US6127571A (en) * | 1997-11-11 | 2000-10-03 | Uop Llc | Controlled reactant injection with permeable plates |
| JP2000193389A (ja) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機の室外ユニット |
| US6595273B2 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-07-22 | Denso Corporation | Heat exchanger |
| US6615910B1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-09 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Advanced air cooled heat sink |
| US6889759B2 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2005-05-10 | Evapco, Inc. | Fin for heat exchanger coil assembly |
| US7159649B2 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2007-01-09 | Thermal Corp. | Air-to-air heat exchanger |
| JP5039366B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-21 | 2012-10-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | フィンアンドチューブ型熱交換器 |
| CN101589285B (zh) * | 2007-01-25 | 2011-10-26 | 国立大学法人东京大学 | 热交换器 |
| JP5077926B2 (ja) | 2007-01-25 | 2012-11-21 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 熱交換器 |
| JP5082120B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-23 | 2012-11-28 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 熱交換器 |
| FR2940422B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-12-03 | Gea Batignolles Technologies T | Echangeur de chaleur comprenant des tubes a ailettes rainurees |
| EP2299488B1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2014-07-23 | Cpumate Inc. | Heat-dissipating fin assembly with heat-conducting structure |
| JP5156773B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-25 | 2013-03-06 | 株式会社小松製作所 | コルゲートフィンおよびそれを備える熱交換器 |
| WO2012102053A1 (ja) * | 2011-01-27 | 2012-08-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | フィンチューブ型熱交換器 |
| JP6206975B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-15 | 2017-10-04 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 熱交換器 |
| JP3199776U (ja) | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-10 | 有限会社和氣製作所 | 熱交換器 |
| JP2018017465A (ja) | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-01 | 株式会社ティラド | コルゲートフィン型熱交換器コア |
| CN109470075B (zh) * | 2017-09-08 | 2024-04-30 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | 翅片和换热器 |
| JP2025149592A (ja) | 2024-03-26 | 2025-10-08 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 電極活物質層の製造方法及び製造装置 |
-
2020
- 2020-09-23 JP JP2021535475A patent/JP7569524B2/ja active Active
- 2020-09-23 US US17/629,887 patent/US20220373270A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-09-23 WO PCT/JP2020/035727 patent/WO2021020592A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2020-09-23 CN CN202080054097.8A patent/CN114556041B/zh active Active
-
2024
- 2024-10-07 US US18/908,257 patent/US12529529B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080264098A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2008-10-30 | The University Of Tokyo | Heat Exchanger, Air Conditioning Device Equipped with Heat Exchanger, and Air Property Converter |
| US7475719B2 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2009-01-13 | Evapco, Inc. | High-frequency, low-amplitude corrugated fin for a heat exchanger coil assembly |
| US9080819B2 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2015-07-14 | T.Rad Co., Ltd. | Folded heat exchanger with V-shaped convex portions |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12523428B2 (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2026-01-13 | Zte Corporation | Heat dissipation assembly and heat dissipater |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021020592A1 (ja) | 2021-02-04 |
| JP7569524B2 (ja) | 2024-10-18 |
| US20250027727A1 (en) | 2025-01-23 |
| CN114556041B (zh) | 2024-06-25 |
| US12529529B2 (en) | 2026-01-20 |
| CN114556041A (zh) | 2022-05-27 |
| JPWO2021020592A1 (https=) | 2021-02-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20110030932A1 (en) | Multichannel heat exchanger fins | |
| US20090199585A1 (en) | Fin-tube heat exchanger, fin for heat exchanger, and heat pump apparatus | |
| CN114126331B (zh) | 空调装置以及电控盒 | |
| CN107990758B (zh) | 换热器和热泵系统 | |
| US20160298886A1 (en) | Heat exchanger and heat pump apparatus | |
| US12529529B2 (en) | Heat exchange promotion member and heat exchanger | |
| JPH09189493A (ja) | フィン付き形熱交換器 | |
| CN114126277B (zh) | 空调装置以及电控盒 | |
| CN220083746U (zh) | 微通道换热器和空调器 | |
| CN108613436B (zh) | 一种换热器及空调器 | |
| CN114322105B (zh) | 换热器和空调系统 | |
| CN210568872U (zh) | 一种散热装置和空调器 | |
| US12474128B2 (en) | Heat exchange fin, heat exchanger, and heat pump system | |
| CN111981583A (zh) | 一种空调器室外机 | |
| CN116642347A (zh) | 微通道换热器和空调器 | |
| JP2012154520A (ja) | 熱交換器用チューブ及び熱交換器 | |
| CN223795522U (zh) | 一种节能翅片蒸发器 | |
| JPH09196585A (ja) | フィン付き形熱交換器 | |
| CN218210944U (zh) | 换热翅片、热交换器以及热泵系统 | |
| CN223596247U (zh) | 换热器及冰箱 | |
| CN219914070U (zh) | 微通道换热器和空调器 | |
| JP2015152209A (ja) | 熱交換器 | |
| CN219977160U (zh) | 微通道换热器和空调器 | |
| CN113834129B (zh) | 一种空调器 | |
| KR200343227Y1 (ko) | 공기조화기용 열교환기 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DENSO CORPORATION, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:OTOMO, NOBORU;YAMAMOTO, KEN;MORIMOTO, KENICHI;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20220120 TO 20220121;REEL/FRAME:059256/0074 Owner name: THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:OTOMO, NOBORU;YAMAMOTO, KEN;MORIMOTO, KENICHI;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20220120 TO 20220121;REEL/FRAME:059256/0074 Owner name: ATAGO MANUFACTURING CO., LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:OTOMO, NOBORU;YAMAMOTO, KEN;MORIMOTO, KENICHI;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20220120 TO 20220121;REEL/FRAME:059256/0074 |
|
| STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
| STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
| STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED |
|
| STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |