US20160168505A1 - Lubricant compositions for transmissions - Google Patents

Lubricant compositions for transmissions Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160168505A1
US20160168505A1 US14/908,716 US201414908716A US2016168505A1 US 20160168505 A1 US20160168505 A1 US 20160168505A1 US 201414908716 A US201414908716 A US 201414908716A US 2016168505 A1 US2016168505 A1 US 2016168505A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
compound
group
carbon atoms
lubricating composition
dithiocarbamate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US14/908,716
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English (en)
Inventor
Goulven BOUVIER
Blandine BRIZARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Total Marketing Services SA
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Assigned to TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES reassignment TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BOUVIER, Goulven, BRIZARD, Blandine
Publication of US20160168505A1 publication Critical patent/US20160168505A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
    • C10M105/04—Well-defined hydrocarbons aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
    • C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
    • C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/14—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/049—Phosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions

Definitions

  • the present invention is applicable to the field of lubricants, and more particularly to the field of lubricants for motor vehicles, in particular to the field of lubricants for motor vehicle transmission components, in particular for manual gearboxes, axles or dual clutches.
  • the invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising the combination of phosphorus-, sulphur- and phosphorus and sulphur-containing compounds with a corrosion inhibitor, as well as its preparation method.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention exhibits, in particular, good extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties, more particularly vis-à-vis the synchronizers present in the gearboxes, as well as a low friction coefficient.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for reducing the wear of a mechanical part utilizing this lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for reducing the seizing of a mechanical part utilizing this lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for reducing the flaking of a mechanical part utilizing this lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to a standard additives-concentrate composition comprising the combination of phosphorus-, sulphur- and phosphorus and sulphur-containing compounds with a corrosion inhibitor.
  • additives such as the diphosphites, which can be both friction modifiers and anti-wear components, react with the sulphur atoms contained in the extreme-pressure additives to form for example thiophosphonic derivatives, the properties of which are markedly different from those of the original molecules.
  • extreme-pressure components react with the anti-wear additives or the friction modifiers in order to produce novel chemical entities.
  • These reactions are not controlled, nor are the precise properties of the final product monitored over time. Interactions can occur between the different extreme-pressure/anti-wear additives/friction modifiers and lead to antagonistic effects on the final properties of the compositions containing additives.
  • document WO 03/035810 describes a lubricating composition
  • a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, an amine salt of a phosphorus-containing acid, a metal salt of an organic acid.
  • the lubricating composition can also comprise a metal deactivator compound, which can be a dimercaptothiadiazole compound and a boron-based dispersant.
  • a metal deactivator compound which can be a dimercaptothiadiazole compound and a boron-based dispersant.
  • this document does not describe the presence of compounds comprising a dithiocarbamate group or compounds comprising a dithiophosphate group.
  • the lubricating composition described in this document must comprise less than 0.1% by weight of anti-wear/extreme-pressure non-metallic and sulphur-containing compounds, which can correspond to compounds comprising a dithiocarbamate group or to compounds comprising a dithiophosphate group.
  • a lubricating composition in particular for motor vehicles, which simultaneously have good extreme-pressure, friction and anti-wear properties, in particular vis-à-vis synchronizers, as well as good anti-seizing properties. It would also be desirable to have available a lubricating composition, in particular for motor vehicles, which is both stable and which has good extreme-pressure, friction, anti-wear and anti-seizing properties. It would also be desirable to have available a lubricating composition, in particular for motor vehicles, which limits the risks of flaking and which has good extreme-pressure, friction, anti-wear and anti-seizing properties.
  • An object of the invention is thus a lubricating composition
  • a lubricating composition comprising:
  • the ratio by weight (compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group: compound D comprising a thiadiazole group) ranging from 5:1 to 1:10.
  • the applicant has noted that the presence of at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, at least one compound comprising a phosphite group, at least one compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group in the form of a specific mixture of a compound of Formula (I) and a compound of Formula (II) and at least one compound comprising a thiadiazole group selected from the group formed by a compound of Formula (V-a), a compound of Formula (V-b) and a mixture of at least one compound of Formula (V-a) and at least one compound of Formula (V-b), in a lubricating composition makes it possible to confer upon the lubricating composition, simultaneously, good extreme-pressure, friction and anti-wear properties, in particular vis-à-vis synchronizers, as well as good anti-seizing properties.
  • the present invention makes it possible to formulate lubricating compositions comprising a reduced content of compounds comprising a dithiophosphate group and exhibiting, however, remarkable
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention have improved anti-wear properties vis-à-vis the synchronizers present in gearboxes.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention also have good anti-flaking properties.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention also have good anti-oxidant and corrosion inhibiting properties.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention exhibit improved storage stability as well as a viscosity that does not vary, or varies very little.
  • the lubricating composition essentially consists of:
  • the ratio by weight (compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group: compound D comprising a thiadiazole group) ranging from 5:1 to 1:10.
  • the invention also relates to a method for preparing a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to an oil for transmissions comprising a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for the lubrication of transmissions such as gearboxes or axles, preferentially gearboxes of motor vehicles, advantageously for the lubrication of manual gearboxes.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricating composition according to the invention in order to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles, in particular of motor vehicles.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricating composition according to the invention for reducing the seizing of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricating composition according to the invention for reducing the wear of a gearbox synchronizer, preferentially of manual gearboxes.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricating composition according to the invention for reducing the flaking of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • the invention also relates to a method for lubricating transmissions such as the gearboxes, the axles, preferably manual gearboxes of motor vehicles, said process comprising at least one step of bringing into contact with the lubricating composition according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the seizing of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox, comprising at least bringing the mechanical part into contact with a lubricating composition according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the wear of a gearbox synchronizer, preferentially of manual gearboxes, comprising at least bringing the synchronizer into contact with a lubricating composition according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the flaking of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox, comprising at least bringing the mechanical part into contact with a lubricating composition according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to the use of at least one compound A comprising a dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound B comprising a phosphite group, at least one compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one compound D comprising a thiadiazole group in a base oil for improving the anti-wear, extreme-pressure, friction and anti-seizing properties of a lubricating composition, compound A comprising a dithiocarbamate group being a mixture of:
  • the invention also relates to a composition of the additives-concentrate type comprising:
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound A comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group and at least one compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate group.
  • the compound comprising a metal dithiocarbamate group is called “metal dithiocarbamate” and the compound comprising an amine dithiocarbamate is called “amine dithiocarbamate” in the remainder of the present description.
  • the metal dithiocarbamate is a metal dithiocarbamate of general formula (II) (compound A-2), wherein R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, M represents a metal cation and n is the valency of this metal cation:
  • the metal is selected from the group constituted by zinc, aluminium, copper, iron, mercury, silver, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, thallium, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and arsenic.
  • the metal is selected from zinc, molybdenum and antimony, preferably zinc and molybdenum, preferably zinc. Mixtures of metals can be used.
  • the metal dithiocarbamates are neutral as represented in Formula (II) or basic when a stoichiometric excess of metal is present.
  • R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl groups comprise from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms such as the oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulphur atom, phosphorus atom, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • metal dithiocarbamates that can be used are compounds well known to a person skilled in the art. One of the methods for preparing these compounds is described in the U.S. Pat. No. 2,492,314. Suppliers of such additives are for example Vanderbilt, Rhein Chemie, Adeka, King Industries.
  • Vanlube® AZ Vanlube® EZ
  • Vanlube® 73 Vanlube® 73 Super Plus
  • Molyvan® A Molyvan® 807, Molyvan® 822
  • Additin® RC 6301 Additin® RC 6320
  • Sakura-Lube® 200 Sakura-Lube® 165
  • Sakura-Lube® 525 Sakura-Lube® 600
  • Na-Lube® ADTC Na-Lube® ADTC.
  • the metal dithiocarbamate is a zinc dithiocarbamate of Formula (II-a), wherein R 6 and R 7 have the same meaning as in Formula (II):
  • Particularly preferred compounds corresponding to Formula (II-a) are such that R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and are for example, zinc diamyldithiocarbamate and zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate.
  • the metal dithiocarbamate is a molybdenum dithiocarbamate of Formula (II-b), wherein R 6 and R 7 have the same meaning as in Formula (II):
  • the amine dithiocarbamate is an amine dithiocarbamate of general formula (I), wherein R 1 and R 2 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon-containing group of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, it being understood that at least one of the R 3 , R 4 and R 5 groups is not a hydrogen atom:
  • R1 and R2 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 1 and R 2 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • These alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl groups comprise from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 1 and R 2 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 1 and R 2 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms such as the oxygen atom, the nitrogen atom, the sulphur atom, the phosphorus atom, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • R 3 , R 4 and R 5 represent independently of each other a hydrocarbon-containing group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • diamyl amine diamyldithiocarbamate and diamyl amine dibutyldithiocarbamate.
  • Commercial compounds are for example Vanlube® EZ marketed by the company Vanderbilt.
  • the dithiocarbamate is a mixture of at least one amine dithiocarbamate of general formula (I) and at least one metal dithiocarbamate of general formula (II-a) described above.
  • the dithiocarbamate is a mixture of zinc dithiocarbamate and diamyl ammonium diamyldithiocarbamate.
  • the composition according to the invention can also comprise another compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group different from a dithiocarbamate of Formula (I) or of a dithiocarbamate of Formula (II).
  • this other compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group is selected from the group constituted by the bisdithiocarbamates, ammonium dithiocarbamates and ester dithiocarbamates, used alone or in a mixture.
  • this other dithiocarbamate compound is a bisdithiocarbamate of general formula (VI-a), wherein R 29 , R 30 , R 31 and R 32 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 33 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms:
  • R 29 , R 30 , R 31 and R 32 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 29 , R 30 , R 31 and R 32 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 29 , R 30 , R 31 and R 32 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 29 , R 30 , R 31 and R 32 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably one or more oxygen atoms.
  • R 33 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Commercial compounds are for example Vanlube® 7723 marketed by the company Vanderbilt or Additin® RC 6340 marketed by the company Rhein Chemie.
  • this other dithiocarbamate compound is an ammonium dithiocarbamate of general formula (VI-b), wherein R 34 and R 35 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
  • R 34 and R 35 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 34 and R 35 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 34 and R 35 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 34 and R 35 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • this other dithiocarbamate compound is a dithiocarbamate ester of general formula (VI-c), wherein R 36 and R 37 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 38 and R 39 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms:
  • R 36 and R 37 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 36 and R 37 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 36 and R 37 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 36 and R 37 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • R 38 and R 39 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of compounds A comprising a dithiocarbamate group, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, advantageously from 0.5 to 1%.
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 3% by mass of the mixture of amine dithiocarbamate corresponding to Formula (I) (compound A-1) and metal dithiocarbamate corresponding to Formula (II) (compound A-2), preferably from 0.1 to 2% by mass, advantageously from 0.5 to 2% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound B comprising a phosphite group.
  • compound B comprising a phosphite group is called “phosphite” in the remainder of the present description.
  • the phosphite is selected from the phosphite monoesters, the phosphite diesters or the phosphite triesters, used alone or in a mixture.
  • the phosphite monoesters are found in two forms in equilibrium, a “ketone” form and an “alcohol” form. The same is true of the phosphite diesters.
  • the phosphite can be a phosphite monoester of general formula (III-a) in its alcohol and/or ketone form, wherein R 8 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
  • R8 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 8 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • R 8 represents an unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing group, said hydrocarbon-containing group being able to be an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl, group.
  • R 8 represents a linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing group, more preferentially a linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing group.
  • R 8 represents a hydrocarbon-containing group substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably oxygen atoms.
  • the phosphite can also be a phosphite diester of general formula (III-b) in its alcohol and/or ketone form, wherein R 9 and R 10 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, of 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
  • R 9 and R 10 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 9 and R 10 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 9 and R 10 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 9 and R 10 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • phosphite diesters dimethyl phosphite, diethyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphite, dibutyl phosphite, dihexyl phosphite, dicyclohexyl phosphite, diisodecyl phosphite, di-n-octyl phosphite, dibenzyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, and dioleyl phosphite may be mentioned.
  • the phosphite can also be a phosphite triester of general formula (III-c) wherein R 11 , R 12 and R 13 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms:
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 represent hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 11 , R 12 and R 13 27 Clean Specification represent hydrocarbon-containing groups substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably one or more oxygen atoms.
  • phosphite triesters diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, diphenyl isooctyl phosphite, tridimethylphenyl phosphite, diphenyl ethylhexyl phosphite, phenyl diisodecyl phosphite, triisodecyl phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tris(dipropyleneglycol) phosphite, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, tris(5-norbornene-2-methyl) phosphite, tris(tridecyl) phosphite, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of phosphite, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group.
  • compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group is called “dithiophosphate” in the remainder of the present description.
  • the dithiophosphate can be selected from the group constituted by the ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates, ester dithiophosphates and metal dithiophosphates, used alone or in a mixture.
  • the ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates and ester dithiophosphates have the advantage of being ashless dithiophosphates, in particular zinc-free.
  • the dithiophosphate is an ammonium dithiophosphate of general formula (IV-a),
  • R 14 and R 15 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • R 14 and R 15 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 14 and R 15 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 14 and R 15 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 14 and R 15 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • dithiophosphates the ammonium dimethyl dithiophosphates, ammonium diethyl dithiophosphates, or ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphates may be mentioned.
  • the dithiophosphate is an amine dithiophosphate of general formula (IV-b), wherein R 16 and R 17 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 18 , R 19 and R 20 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon-containing group of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, it being understood that at least one of the R 18 , R 19 and R 20 groups is not a hydrogen atom:
  • R 16 and R 17 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 16 and R 17 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 16 and R 17 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 16 and R 17 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • R 18 , R 19 and R 20 represent independently of each other a hydrocarbon-containing group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Commercial compounds are for example Additin® RC 3880 marketed by the company Rhein Chemie.
  • the dithiophosphate is an ester dithiophosphate of general formula (IV-c), wherein R 21 and R 22 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 23 and R 24 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms:
  • R 21 and R 22 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 21 and R 22 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 21 and R 22 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 21 and R 22 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • R 21 and R 22 represent independently of each other, a hydrocarbon-containing group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • R 23 and R 24 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Commercial compounds are for example Irgalube® 63 marketed by the company BASF.
  • the dithiophosphate is a metal dithiophosphate of general formula (IV-d), wherein R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, M represents a metal cation and n is the valency of this metal cation:
  • the metal is selected from the group constituted by zinc, aluminium, copper, iron, mercury, silver, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, thallium, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and arsenic.
  • the metal is selected from zinc, molybdenum, antimony, preferably zinc and molybdenum, preferably zinc. Mixtures of metals can be used.
  • the metal dithiophosphates are neutral as exemplified in Formula (IV-d) or basic when a stoichiometric excess of metal is present.
  • R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups, optionally substituted, comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, even more preferentially from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other unsubstituted hydrocarbon-containing groups, said hydrocarbon-containing groups being able to be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, preferably phenyl or benzyl groups.
  • R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups, more preferentially linear alkyl hydrocarbon-containing groups.
  • R 25 and R 26 represent independently of each other hydrocarbon-containing groups optionally substituted with one or more oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and/or phosphorus atoms, preferably with one or more oxygen atoms.
  • the useable metal dithiophosphates are compounds well known to a person skilled in the art. Commercial compounds are for example Additin® RC 3038, Additin® RC 3045, Additin® RC 3048, Additin® RC 3058, Additin® RC 3080, Additin® RC 3180, Additin® RC 3212, Additin® RC 3580 marketed by the company Rhein Chemie, Kikulube® Z112 marketed by the company Adeka, Lubrizol® 1371, Lubrizol® 1375, Lubrizol® 1395, Lubrizol® 5179 marketed by the company Lubrizol, Oloa® 260 or Oloa® 267 marketed by the company Oronite.
  • the metal dithiophosphate is a molybdenum dithiophosphate of Formula (IV-d-1), wherein R 25 and R 26 have the same meaning as in Formula (IV-d):
  • the metal dithiophosphate is a zinc dithiophosphate of Formula (IV-d-2), wherein R 25 and R 26 have the same meaning as in Formula (IV-d):
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of dithiophosphate, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound D comprising a thiadiazole group.
  • compound D comprising a thiadiazole group is called “thiadiazole” in the remainder of the present description.
  • the thiadiazole is a compound of Formula (V-a)
  • R 27 and R 28 represent a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl group, comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferentially from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 5 to 15 carbon atoms, advantageously from 10 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • R 27 and R 28 represent a linear or branched, saturated alkyl group, comprising 12 carbon atoms.
  • a represents an integer equal to 1 or 2 and b represents an integer equal to 1 or 2.
  • R 28 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl group, comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferentially from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 5 to 15 carbon atoms, advantageously from 10 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • R 28 represents a linear or branched, saturated alkyl group, comprising 12 carbon atoms.
  • b represents an integer equal to 1 or 2.
  • the thiazole is a mixture of at least one compound of Formula (V-a) and at least one compound of Formula (V-b) as defined above.
  • the thiazole is a mixture of:
  • the product RC 8210 marketed by the company Rhein Chemie may be mentioned.
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 0.1 to 5% by mass of thiadiazole, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably from 0.2 to 4%, more preferentially from 0.3 to 2%, even more preferentially from 0.5 to 1%.
  • the ratio by weight ranges from 3:1 to 1:8, preferably from 2:1 to 1:5, advantageously from 1:1 to 1:5.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention can contain any type of lubricating base oil, mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable, suited to their use.
  • the base oil or oils used in the lubricating compositions according to the present invention can be oils of mineral or synthetic origin of groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) as summarized below, alone or in a mixture.
  • the mineral base oils according to the invention include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, deasphalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
  • the base oils of the lubricating compositions according to the invention can also be synthetic oils, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, or polyalphaolefins.
  • the polyalphaolefins used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers having 4 to 32 carbon atoms (for example octene, decene), and a viscosity at 100° C. comprised between 1.5 and 15 cSt measured according to the standard ASTM D445. Their weight-average molecular weight is typically comprised between 250 and 3000 measured according to the standard ASTM D5296. Mixtures of synthetic oils and minerals can also be used.
  • the lubricating bases represent at least 50% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferentially at least 60%, or also at least 70%. Typically, they represent between 75 and 99.9% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating compositions according to the invention.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention comprise mineral bases of group I and/or III, or synthetic bases of group IV according to the API classification.
  • the lubricating compositions have a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. measured according to the standard ASTM D445 comprised between 4 and 41 cSt, according to the SAE J 306 classification, preferably between 4.1 and 32.5 cSt, advantageously from 6 to 18.5 cSt.
  • the preferred grades are all the grades comprised between grades 75W and 140, in particular grades 75W, 75W80 and 75W90.
  • the lubricating compositions have a viscosity index (VI) greater than 120 (standard ASTM 2270).
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention can also contain all types of additives suitable for use in the formulations of oils for transmissions, for example one or more additives selected from the polymers, antioxidants, -corrosion-inhibiting additives, and dispersants, present at the usual levels required for the application.
  • the polymers are selected from the group of shear-stable polymers, preferably from the group constituted by the ethylene and alpha-olefin copolymers, the polyacrylates such as the polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers (OCP), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomers (EPDM), polybutenes, styrene and olefin copolymers, hydrogenated or not, or styrene and acrylate copolymers.
  • the preferred polymers are the polymethacrylates (PMA).
  • the lubricating composition also comprises at least one dispersant.
  • the preferred dispersants are the polyisobutylenes (PIB) or polyisobutene derivatives. More preferentially, the lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise a dispersant derived from polyisobutene.
  • polyisobutene derivatives the polyisobutylene succinic anhydrides, amine-containing derivatives of polyisobutylene of succinic anhydride (PIB succinimides) may be mentioned.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise an antioxidant selected from the group of the aromatic amines, such as for example the diphenylamines, in particular dialkylphenylamines, such as the octadiphenylamines, phenyl-alpha-naphthyl amines.
  • the lubricating composition can comprise an antioxidant derived from phenol (dibutylhydroxytoluene BHT and derivatives) or a sulphur-containing antioxidant (sulphurized phenates).
  • the lubricating composition comprises an antioxidant selected from the group formed by the aromatic amines or phenol derivatives.
  • the preferred corrosion-inhibiting additives are phenol derivatives, in particular ethoxylated phenol derivatives and substituted with alkyl groups in the ortho position.
  • the lubricating composition also comprises at least one dispersant and at least one other additive selected from those mentioned above.
  • the lubricating composition comprises:
  • the lubricating composition comprises:
  • the lubricating composition comprises:
  • the lubricating composition essentially consists of:
  • the lubricating composition essentially consists of:
  • the lubricating composition essentially consists of:
  • the lubricating composition essentially consists of:
  • the percentages are expressed by mass relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition. All of the characteristics and preferences presented for the base oil, the compound comprising a phosphite group, the compound comprising a thiophosphate group, the compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group, the compound comprising a thiadiazole group and the additional additive also apply to the above lubricating compositions.
  • the lubricating composition is not an emulsion.
  • the lubricating composition is an anhydrous composition.
  • An object of the invention is also a method for preparing a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • the method comprises at least the following steps:
  • step (a) ranges from 40 to 70° C. In another embodiment, the temperature of step (b) ranges from 40 to 70° C. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, step (b) also comprises the addition of at least one additional additive.
  • the base oil of step (c) is identical to that of step (a). In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil of step (c) is different from that of step (a). All of the characteristics and preferences presented for the base oil, the compound comprising a phosphite group, the compound comprising a thiophosphate group, the compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group, the compound comprising a thiadiazole group, the dispersant and the additional additive also apply to the above method.
  • An object of the invention is also the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for the lubrication of transmissions such as the gearboxes, the axles, preferably manual gearboxes of motor vehicles.
  • an object of the invention is the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for the lubrication of a mechanical part in brass, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • an object of the invention is the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for the lubrication of synchronizers present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • An object of the invention is also the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles, in particular of motor vehicles.
  • An object of the invention is also the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for reducing the wear of gearbox synchronizers, preferentially of manual gearboxes.
  • An object of the invention is also the use of a lubricating composition as defined above for reducing the flaking of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • An object of the invention is also a method for lubricating transmissions such as the gearboxes, the axles, preferably manual gearboxes of motor vehicles, said method comprising at least one step of bringing a lubricating composition as defined above into contact with the transmissions.
  • an object of the invention is a method for lubricating a mechanical part made of brass, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • an object of the invention is a method for lubricating synchronizers present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox.
  • An object of the invention is also a method for reducing the seizing of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox, comprising at least bringing the mechanical part into contact with a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • An object of the invention is also a method for reducing the wear of a gearbox synchronizer, preferentially of manual gearboxes, comprising at least bringing the synchronizer in contact with a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • An object of the invention is also a method for reducing the flaking of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox, comprising at least bringing the mechanical part into contact with a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • An object of the invention is also a method for reducing the seizing, wear and flaking of a mechanical part, preferentially present in a transmission component, more preferentially in a gearbox, even more preferentially in a manual gearbox, said method comprising at least one step of bringing the mechanical part into contact with a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • the mechanical part is a synchronization device (synchronizer). All of the characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricating composition also apply to the above methods.
  • An object of the invention is also the use of at least one compound A comprising a dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound B comprising a phosphite group, at least one compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one compound D comprising a thiadiazole group in a base oil for improving the wear, extreme-pressure, friction and anti-seizing properties of a lubricating composition, compound A comprising a dithiocarbamate group being a mixture of:
  • the compound comprising a phosphite group, the compound comprising a thiophosphate group, the compound comprising a dithiocarbamate group and the compound comprising a thiadiazole group also apply to the above use.
  • the use of these five additives in a lubricating composition makes it possible to simultaneously reduce wear, improve the extreme-pressure properties, reduce the coefficient of friction and improve the anti-seizing properties of the lubricating composition.
  • the use of these five additives in a lubricating composition also makes it possible to retain good anti-flaking properties of the lubricating composition.
  • An object of the invention is also a composition of the additives-concentrate type comprising at least one compound A comprising a dithiocarbamate group, at least one compound B comprising a phosphite group, at least one compound C comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one compound D comprising a thiadiazole group. All of the characteristics and preferences presented for compound A comprising a dithiocarbamate group, for compound B comprising a phosphite group, for compound C comprising a thiophosphate group and compound D comprising a thiadiazole group also apply to the composition of the additives-concentrate type above.
  • Lubricating compositions No. 1 to No. 7 are prepared from the following components
  • Lubricating compositions No. 1 to 7 are described in Table II: the percentages given are percentages by mass.
  • Test No. 1 Evaluation of the Anti-Wear Properties of Lubricating Compositions on Gearbox Synchronizers
  • the objective of this test is to evaluate the anti-wear properties of lubricating compositions vis-à-vis synchronizers.
  • the synchronizer wear tests on lubricating compositions 1 to 5 were carried out on a cone-ring pair under the following conditions (procedure SYNC-13, SAE 2-A)):
  • lubricating composition No. 4 makes it possible to significantly reduce the wear of the synchronizers relative to a lubricating composition comprising a combination of a dithiocarbamate, a dithiophosphate and a phosphite but comprising no thiadiazole (composition No. 1) or relative to lubricating compositions comprising a combination of a dithiocarbamate, a dithiophosphate and a phosphite as well as a corrosion inhibitor different from a thiadiazole (compositions No. 2 and No. 3). Furthermore, the results relating to lubricating composition No.
  • compositions No. 1 show a very clear reduction in the wear of the synchronizers relative to a lubricating composition comprising a combination of a dithiocarbamate, a dithiophosphate and a phosphite but comprising no thiadiazole (composition No. 1) or relative to lubricating compositions comprising a combination of a dithiocarbamate, a dithiophosphate and a phosphite as well as a corrosion inhibitor different from a thiadiazole (compositions No. 2 and No. 3), thus demonstrating that a lubricating composition according to the invention has very good anti-wear properties vis-à-vis the synchronizers.
  • Test No. 2 Evaluation of the Anti-Wear Properties of a Composition According to the Invention on Gearbox Synchronizers
  • the objective of this test is to confirm the anti-wear properties of a lubricating composition according to the invention vis-à-vis synchronizers.
  • a synchronizer blocking test was carried out with lubricating composition No. 5 on a cone-ring pair under the following conditions (procedure SYNC-40):
  • the synchronizer blocking test is considered satisfactory if, during the 10,125 gear changing cycles, the number of cycles where the disengagement between the cone and the ring requires the application of a counter-torque greater than 2 mN is at most 100 cycles.
  • the result of the test with lubricating composition No. 5 is 32, which confirms the very good anti-wear properties of this lubricating composition according to the invention vis-à-vis synchronizers.
  • the objective of this test is to evaluate the anti-wear and extreme-pressure properties of lubricating compositions.
  • the anti-wear properties of lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 5, No. 6 and No. 7 were evaluated by means of a 4 ball wear test according to the standard D55 1078; this test using steel balls in particular; a value greater than 0.8 mm corresponding to a level of wear which is not acceptable.
  • This test more particularly makes it possible to evaluate the anti-wear properties of a lubricating composition in steel/steel surface contacts, corresponding to the majority of the contacts utilized in a gearbox.
  • composition No. 5 a lubricating composition according to the invention
  • composition No. 5 has anti-wear and extreme-pressure properties that are satisfactory, or even improved relative to compositions comprising a combination of a dithiocarbamate, a dithiophosphate and a phosphite according to the invention but comprising no thiadiazole (compositions No. 1, No. 6 and No. 7).
  • the objective of this test is to evaluate the anti-seizing properties of lubricating compositions.
  • the anti-seizing properties of lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 5, No. 6 and No. 7 were evaluated by means of an FZG test according to the standard CEC L84 (A/16, 6R/120); the higher the value obtained at the end of the test, the better the anti-seizing properties.
  • the results of this test with compositions No. 1, No. 5, No. 6 and No. 7 are described in Table VI.
  • composition No. 5 a lubricating composition according to the invention
  • composition No. 7 a lubricating composition according to the invention
  • the objective of this test is to evaluate the anti-flaking properties of lubricating compositions.
  • a FZG C6 test was carried out with lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 5, No. 6 and No. 7.
  • the objective of this test is to evaluate the ability of a lubricating composition to protect gear surfaces against damage by flaking (pitting).
  • Gears of the PT-C type were used and tested on an FZG machine.
  • a constant rotation rate was fixed at 1440 rpm, also with a constant load (level 9).
  • the temperature of the lubricating composition to be tested was set at 120° C. The test was then “run” initially for 8 h, then once the first grooves appeared on the teeth, the duration of these “runs” was reduced.
  • the final aim is to determine the lifetime of a pinion lubricated with lubricating composition by evaluating the flaked surface on each tooth of the pinion.
  • the failure criterion is reached when the surface comprising flakes for all of the teeth ⁇ 1 mm 2 .
  • the results are described in Table VII and are expressed in hours; the higher the value obtained, the longer the time before flakes appear on the surface of the pinion and therefore the better the anti-flaking properties.
  • composition No. 5 a lubricating composition according to the invention
  • composition No. 7 a lubricating composition according to the invention

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
US14/908,716 2013-08-02 2014-08-01 Lubricant compositions for transmissions Abandoned US20160168505A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR1357713 2013-08-02
FR1357713A FR3009309B1 (fr) 2013-08-02 2013-08-02 Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions
PCT/EP2014/066596 WO2015014986A1 (fr) 2013-08-02 2014-08-01 Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions

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EP (1) EP3027719A1 (ko)
JP (1) JP2016525623A (ko)
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EP3683290A1 (en) 2019-01-16 2020-07-22 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricant containing thiadiazole derivatives
US10808198B2 (en) 2019-01-16 2020-10-20 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricant containing thiadiazole derivatives
US11015141B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2021-05-25 Total Marketing Services Lubricant composition based on metal nanoparticles
CN114096647A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2022-02-25 道达尔销售服务公司 位阻酚或芳族胺类型的化合物在旨在用于电动或混合动力车辆的推进系统的润滑组合物中作为抗腐蚀添加剂的用途
CN114436825A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种铅化合物及其制备方法、用途和润滑油组合物

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EP3286172B1 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-06-12 Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Lsd1 inhibitors and uses thereof
HUE063848T2 (hu) 2016-10-26 2024-02-28 Constellation Pharmaceuticals Inc LSD1 gátlók és gyógyászati alkalmazásaik
BR112020002916A2 (pt) * 2017-08-29 2020-07-28 Basf Se composição lubrificante, método de lubrificar uma superfície no sincronizador de uma transmissão, transmissão, caixa de engrenagens, e, veículo.
KR102089942B1 (ko) 2019-05-09 2020-03-18 (주)에코시즌 트랜스미션오일 조성물

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11015141B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2021-05-25 Total Marketing Services Lubricant composition based on metal nanoparticles
EP3683290A1 (en) 2019-01-16 2020-07-22 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricant containing thiadiazole derivatives
US10808198B2 (en) 2019-01-16 2020-10-20 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricant containing thiadiazole derivatives
CN114096647A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2022-02-25 道达尔销售服务公司 位阻酚或芳族胺类型的化合物在旨在用于电动或混合动力车辆的推进系统的润滑组合物中作为抗腐蚀添加剂的用途
CN114436825A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种铅化合物及其制备方法、用途和润滑油组合物

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CN105579564A (zh) 2016-05-11
FR3009309A1 (fr) 2015-02-06
FR3009309B1 (fr) 2016-10-07
EP3027719A1 (fr) 2016-06-08
KR20160040255A (ko) 2016-04-12
WO2015014986A1 (fr) 2015-02-05

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