US20150225804A1 - Pulverized-coal injection device, blast furnace facility provided with the same, and pulverized-coal supplying method - Google Patents

Pulverized-coal injection device, blast furnace facility provided with the same, and pulverized-coal supplying method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150225804A1
US20150225804A1 US14/428,558 US201314428558A US2015225804A1 US 20150225804 A1 US20150225804 A1 US 20150225804A1 US 201314428558 A US201314428558 A US 201314428558A US 2015225804 A1 US2015225804 A1 US 2015225804A1
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Prior art keywords
coal
pulverized
upgraded
heat
self
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Abandoned
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US14/428,558
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English (en)
Inventor
Masakazu Sakaguchi
Tsutomu Hamada
Takeshi Okada
Setsuo Omoto
Keiichi Nakagawa
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAMADA, TSUTOMU, NAKAGAWA, KEIICHI, OKADA, TAKESHI, OMOTO, SETSUO, SAKAGUCHI, MASAKAZU
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
    • C21B5/003Injection of pulverulent coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/16Tuyéres
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/16Tuyéres
    • C21B7/163Blowpipe assembly
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/66Heat exchange

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pulverized-coal injection device, a blast furnace facility provided with the same, and a pulverized-coal supplying method.
  • PCI Pulverized-coal injection
  • PCI coal Pulverized coal
  • Important requirements for pulverized coal (PCI coal) used for blast furnace injection include low moisture content, low volatile matter content, excellent combustibility, a combustion speed as fast as that of heavy oil, low combustion residues such as uncombusted carbon, ash, or the like, a heat of combustion equal to or greater than 6500 kcal/kg, low sulfur and phosphorus contents, and so forth.
  • the pulverized coal is injected into the blast-furnace main unit, to be combusted therein, from a tuyere provided at a lower portion of the blast-furnace main unit together with hot air consisting of heated high-pressure air.
  • the present invention has been conceived in light of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a pulverized-coal injection device with which the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of a blast furnace facility, to provide a blast furnace facility provided with this pulverized-coal injection device, and to provide a pulverized-coal supplying method.
  • the present invention employs the following solutions.
  • a pulverized-coal injection device is a pulverized-coal injection device configured so as to inject pulverized coal from a tuyere of a blast-furnace main unit together with heated, compressed injection air, wherein upgraded coal that has a self-heating property and that is upgraded from low-grade coal is used as a raw material for the pulverized coal.
  • the above-described configuration include a heat transporting unit for transporting heat due to a self-heating effect of the upgraded coal to a site requiring heat.
  • the upgraded coal is cooled by transporting the heat of the upgraded coal by means of the heat transporting unit, it is possible to prevent spontaneous combustion of the upgraded coal.
  • the heat transporting unit be configured so as to subject the injection air, before being compressed, to heat exchange with the upgraded coal.
  • the injection air is appropriately heated by undergoing heat exchange with the upgraded coal before being heated by a special heating means. Because of this, it is possible to reduce the energy used for further heating the injection air. In particular, because cold injection air, before being compressed, is subjected to heat exchange with the upgraded coal, it is possible to increase the cooling effect on the upgraded coal, to also increase the generation rate of the heat of compression of the injection air, and, accordingly, to reduce the energy required to heat the injection air.
  • the heat transporting unit be configured so as to transport the heat of the upgraded coal to an upgrading device that upgrades the low-grade coal.
  • the above-described configuration include a deactivating unit for deactivating the upgraded coal such that a predetermined level of the self-heating effect thereof is retained.
  • the above-described configuration include a mixing portion for mixing pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal and pulverized coal constituted of generally used raw coal, wherein the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal is dried at the mixing portion and a downstream side thereof by using the self-heating effect of the upgraded coal.
  • the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal is dried by the heat of the upgraded coal having a self-heating property when the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal having greater moisture content than the upgraded coal is mixed with the pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal. Because of this, it is possible to partially omit or simplify the step of drying the raw coal. By doing so, the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of the blast furnace facility by reducing equipment, energy, personnel, or the like involved in the drying step.
  • a blast furnace facility according to a second aspect of the present invention is provided with a pulverized-coal injection device having any one of above-described configurations.
  • a pulverized-coal supplying method is a pulverized-coal supplying method for injecting pulverized coal from a tuyere of a blast-furnace main unit together with heated, compressed injection air, the pulverized-coal supplying method including using upgraded coal upgraded from low-grade coal as a raw material for the pulverized coal, and transporting heat due to a self-heating effect of the upgraded coal to a site requiring heat and utilizing the heat thereat.
  • the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the cost of the supplemental fuel.
  • the operating cost of the blast furnace facility can be reduced by reducing fuel, power, or the like consumed to generate heat at these sites, and, consequently, the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced.
  • the above-described method include deactivating the upgraded coal such that a predetermined level of the self-heating effect thereof is retained.
  • the self-heating effect of the upgraded coal is reduced, the need to transport the upgraded coal in a nitrogen atmosphere so as to prevent spontaneous combustion thereof is reduced, and the utilization rate of the nitrogen supplying device can be reduced. Because of this, the operating cost of the blast furnace facility can be reduced, and, consequently, the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced.
  • a pulverized-coal supplying method is a pulverized-coal supplying method for injecting pulverized coal from a tuyere of a blast-furnace main unit together with heated, compressed injection air, the pulverized-coal supplying method including mixing pulverized coal constituted of upgraded coal upgraded from low-grade coal and pulverized coal constituted of generally used raw coal, and drying the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal by means of a self-heating effect of the upgraded coal.
  • the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal is dried by the heat of the upgraded coal having a self-heating property when the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal having a greater moisture content than the upgraded coal is mixed with the pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal, it is possible to partially omit or simplify the step of drying the raw coal. By doing so, the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of the blast furnace facility by reducing equipment, energy, personnel, or the like involved in the drying step.
  • the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of the blast furnace facility.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility provided with a pulverized-coal injection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility provided with a pulverized-coal injection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility provided with a pulverized-coal injection device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility provided with a pulverized-coal injection device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility provided with a pulverized-coal injection device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 A plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 1 to 5 .
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility 1 A provided with a pulverized-coal injection device 5 A according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This blast furnace facility 1 A is provided with a blast-furnace main unit 2 , a fixed-quantity raw-material supplying device 3 , a charging conveyor 4 , and a pulverized-coal injection device 5 A.
  • the blast-furnace main unit 2 has a general structure in which a furnace top hopper 7 is provided at a top portion, and a tuyere 8 and a tap hole 9 are provided at a lower portion.
  • a blowpipe 11 is connected to the tuyere 8 , and an injection lance 12 is connected to this blowpipe 11 so as to join therewith at an angle.
  • the charging conveyor 4 is installed so as to rise from the vicinity of a base portion of the blast-furnace main unit 2 to the furnace top hopper 7 , a transport-direction downstream end (top end portion) of this charging conveyor 4 is positioned directly above the furnace top hopper 7 , and the fixed-quantity raw-material supplying device 3 is installed at a portion directly above a transport-direction upstream end (bottom end portion) thereof.
  • the fixed-quantity raw-material supplying device 3 supplies raw materials, such as iron ore, which is the main raw material of pig iron 14 , to be smelted in the blast-furnace main unit 2 , coke that serves as fuel and a reducing agent, and limestone that serves as a scavenger, to the charging conveyor 4 at a constant supplying speed; these raw materials are charged into the blast-furnace main unit 2 from the furnace top hopper 7 by means of the charging conveyor 4 ; and the smelted pig iron 14 is accumulated at a bottom portion of the blast-furnace main unit 2 . The smelted pig iron 14 is removed from the tap hole 9 .
  • raw materials such as iron ore, which is the main raw material of pig iron 14
  • the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A injects pulverized coal (PCI coal), which is a supplemental fuel, from the tuyere 8 (blowpipe 11 ) of the blast-furnace main unit 2 together with the injection air, which has been heated and compressed to form hot air, so as to increase the temperature in the blast-furnace main unit 2 .
  • This pulverized-coal injection device 5 A is provided with a upgrading device 16 , a charging line 17 , a nitrogen-gas feeding device 18 , a cyclone separator 19 , a storage tank 21 , a pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 , an injection-air feeding device 23 , and so forth.
  • PCI coal pulverized coal
  • This pulverized-coal injection device 5 A is provided with a upgrading device 16 , a charging line 17 , a nitrogen-gas feeding device 18 , a cyclone separator 19 , a storage tank 21 , a pulverized-co
  • the upgrading device 16 and the cyclone separator 19 are connected by the charging line 17 , and the nitrogen-gas feeding device 18 is connected at an upstream portion of the charging line 17 .
  • the storage tank 21 and the injection lance 12 are connected by the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 .
  • the injection air in the form of hot air generated at the injection-air feeding device 23 is supplied to the blowpipe 11 .
  • the upgrading device 16 has a known configuration, a detailed description thereof will be omitted; however, in outline, it is a device that upgrades the properties of low-grade coal, such as inexpensive subbituminous coal, brown coal, or the like, into properties suitable as a supplemental fuel for the blast-furnace main unit 2 and, also, that generates supplemental-fuel pulverized coal (PCI coal) by pulverizing the upgraded coal.
  • low-grade coal input from a receiving hopper 24 is cooled after the low-grade coal is subjected multiple times to drying and heating processing to remove moisture and volatile components therein, and is pulverized by a mill into the supplemental-fuel pulverized coal.
  • the injection-air feeding device 23 is a device that compresses the air taken in from an air intake pipe 25 by means of a compressor (not shown), that also heats this air to about 1200° C. by means of a heater or a burner (not shown), and that generates high-temperature, high-pressure, dry injection air for pulverized coal injection.
  • An intermediate portion of the air intake pipe 25 is molded into, for example, a spiral shape that goes around multiple times in the area surrounding the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 , and this spiral portion serves as a heat exchanger 25 a .
  • This heat exchanger 25 a serves as a heat transporting unit for transporting the heat due to the self-heating effect of the upgraded coal that passes through the interior of the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 to a site requiring heat, in this embodiment, for example, the injection-air feeding device 23 .
  • the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A configured as described above, the pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal upgraded by the upgrading device 16 from low-grade coal is sent to the charging line 17 , is mixed with nitrogen gas fed by the nitrogen-gas feeding device 18 , forms a solid-gas two-phase flow, and is fed to the cyclone separator 19 in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen gas.
  • the cyclone separator 19 is a type of centrifugal separator that separates and deaerates nitrogen gas from the pulverized coal by means of a centrifugal force, and the nitrogen gas is released to the exterior or collected. Subsequently, the pulverized coal is accumulated in the storage tank 21 , and a required amount thereof is supplied to the injection lance 12 from the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 .
  • the temperature thereof is increased when passing through the heat exchanger 25 a , which is formed in an intermediate portion of the air intake pipe 25 , by undergoing heat exchange with the heat due to the self-heating effect of the pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal that precipitates in the interior of the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 at a relatively low speed, and, while possessing this heat, the air is supplied to the injection-air feeding device 23 , where the air is further compressed and heated into high-temperature, high-pressure hot air of about 1200° C.
  • the injection air undergoes heat exchange with the upgraded coal before being compressed and heated at the injection-air feeding device 23 .
  • the pulverized coal (upgraded coal) supplied to the injection lance 12 is mixed with the injection air supplied to the blowpipe 11 , the pulverized coal is ignited and combusted by coming into contact with the high-temperature injection air in the form of hot air and forms flames at the tip of the blowpipe 11 which, in turn, form a raceway, and thus, coke charged into the blast-furnace main unit 2 is combusted.
  • iron ore charged together with the coke forms pig iron (molten iron) 14 by undergoing reduction and is removed from the tap hole 9 .
  • pulverized coal constituted of upgraded coal that has a self-heating property and that is upgraded from low-grade coal is used as the pulverized coal to be injected from the tuyere 8 of the blast-furnace main unit 2 together with the heated and compressed injection air.
  • the cost of the upgraded coal is considerably lower than generally used raw coal, such as bituminous coal or the like, the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of the blast furnace facility 1 A by reducing the cost of the supplemental fuel.
  • the heat exchanger 25 a is provided in the intermediate portion of the air intake pipe 25 through the air to be taken into the injection-air feeding device 23 passes, and this air that passes through the interior thereof undergoes heat exchange with the pulverized coal that passes through the interior of the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 . Therefore, the injection air is appropriately heated by undergoing heat exchange with the pulverized coal before being injected.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility 1 B provided with a pulverized-coal injection device 5 B according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pulverized-coal injection device 5 B differs from the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A of the first embodiment ( FIG. 1 ) in that a heat transporting pipe 32 (heat transporting unit) that extends from the upgrading device 16 is provided, and this heat transporting pipe 32 is disposed so as to return to the upgrading device 16 again after going around multiple times in the area surrounding the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 .
  • This portion of the heat transporting pipe 32 that goes around also serves as a heat exchanger 32 a that is similar to the heat exchanger 25 a of the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A of the first embodiment.
  • fluid that serves as a heating medium is circulated. Because the configurations of other portions are the same as those in the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A according to the first embodiment, the same reference signs are assigned to the respective portions, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the heating medium that flows through the interiors of the heat transporting pipe 32 and the heat exchanger 32 a transports the heat due to the self-heating effect of the updated coal that passes through the interior of the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 to the updating device 16 .
  • this heat is used, for example, in a step of drying the low-grade coal. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the energy consumed to dry the low-grade coal.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility 1 C provided with a pulverized-coal injection device 5 C according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pulverized-coal injection device 5 C differs from the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A of the first embodiment ( FIG. 1 ) only in that a deactivation device 42 (deactivating unit) is interposed at the downstream side of the updating device 16 , and, because the configurations of other portions are the same as those in the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A, the same reference signs are assigned to the respective portions, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the updated coal updated from low-grade coal by the updating device 16 is deactivated such that a predetermined level of the self-heating effect thereof is retained.
  • a specific deactivating method coal that is cooled after being subjected to dry distillation at 300° C. to 500° C. at the updating device 16 is exposed to a processing-gas atmosphere containing oxygen at the deactivation device 42 , and thus, processing of oxygen adsorbing (permeating) to the surface and the interior thereof is performed. By adjusting the adsorption level of oxygen, it is possible to adjust the level of the self-heating effect of the updated coal.
  • the level of processing at the deactivation device 42 is set such that the updated coal that is sent out to the charging line 17 after completing the deactivating processing at the deactivation device 42 retains a certain level of self-heating effect.
  • the self-heating effect of the updated coal can be reduced by providing such a deactivation device 42 , it is possible to eliminate the need to transport the updated coal in a nitrogen atmosphere so as to prevent spontaneous combustion thereof or to reduce the amount of nitrogen gas used. Therefore, the rate of operation of the nitrogen-gas feeding device 18 can be reduced, the operating cost of the blast furnace facility 1 C can be reduced, and, consequently, the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility 1 D provided with a pulverized-coal injection device 5 D according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pulverized-coal injection device 5 D differs from the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A of the first embodiment ( FIG. 1 ) in that, as opposed to the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A in which only the pulverized coal constituted of the updated coal updated at the updating device 16 is supplied to the blast-furnace main unit 2 , in this pulverized-coal injection device 5 D, a mixture of the pulverized coal constituted of the updated coal and pulverized coal constituted of generally used raw coal is supplied to the blast-furnace main unit 2 .
  • the pulverized-coal injection device 5 D is provided with two cyclone separators 19 A and 19 B, a mixing pipe 52 (mixing portion) is provided at a downstream portion thereof, and this mixing pipe 52 is connected to the storage tank 21 . Because the configurations of other portions are the same as those in the pulverized-coal injection device 5 A, the same reference signs are assigned to the respective portions and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the pulverized coal constituted of the updated coal updated at the updating device 16 is supplied to the cyclone separator 19 A from the charging line 17 .
  • the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal is supplied to the cyclone separator 19 B from a supplying device (not shown).
  • the two types of pulverized coal are mixed in the mixing pipe 52 and are accumulated in the storage tank 21 .
  • the two types of pulverized coal in the mixed state are supplied to the blast-furnace main unit 2 via the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 together with the injection air in the form of hot air that is supplied from the injection-air feeding device 23 .
  • the moisture contained in the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal is dried by the self-heating effect of the pulverized coal constituted of the updated coal at the interiors of the mixing pipe 52 , the storage tank 21 at the downstream side thereof, and the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 .
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing, in outline, the configuration of a blast furnace facility 1 E provided with a pulverized-coal injection device 5 E according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • This pulverized-coal injection device 5 E is the pulverized-coal injection device 5 D of the fourth embodiment ( FIG. 4 ) provided with the deactivation device 42 that is provided in the pulverized-coal injection device 5 C of the third embodiment ( FIG. 3 ).
  • the upgraded coal upgraded from low-grade coal by the upgrading device 16 is deactivated such that the predetermined level of the self-heating effect thereof is retained.
  • the configurations of other portions are the same as those in the pulverized-coal injection device 5 D.
  • the deactivation device 42 does not completely deactivate the upgraded coal, and the moisture contained in the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal is dried by self heating of the pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal while the pulverized coal constituted of the upgraded coal and the pulverized coal constituted of the raw coal are supplied to the blast-furnace main unit 2 from the mixing pipe 52 by passing through the pulverized-coal supplying pipe 22 .
  • the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of the blast furnace facility 1 E by reducing equipment, energy, personnel, or the like involved in the step of drying the raw coal by partially omitting or simplifying the step of drying the raw coal.
  • the self-heating effect of the upgraded coal can be reduced by using the deactivation device 42 , it is possible to eliminate the need to transport the upgraded coal in a nitrogen atmosphere so as to prevent spontaneous combustion thereof or to reduce the amount of nitrogen gas used. Therefore, the rate of operation of the nitrogen-gas feeding device 18 can be reduced, the operating cost of the blast furnace facility 1 E can also be reduced in this respect, and, consequently, it is possible to contribute to reducing the manufacturing cost of pig iron.
  • the manufacturing cost of pig iron can be reduced by reducing the operating cost of the blast furnace facility 1 A to 1 E.
  • the destination to which heat due to the self-heating property of upgraded coal is transported need not necessarily be the interior of the blast furnace facility, and the heat may be transported to an adjacent plant or other equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
US14/428,558 2012-09-20 2013-09-10 Pulverized-coal injection device, blast furnace facility provided with the same, and pulverized-coal supplying method Abandoned US20150225804A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2012207274A JP6012360B2 (ja) 2012-09-20 2012-09-20 微粉炭吹き込み装置、これを備えた高炉設備、および微粉炭供給方法
JP2012-207274 2012-09-20
PCT/JP2013/074404 WO2014045946A1 (ja) 2012-09-20 2013-09-10 微粉炭吹き込み装置、これを備えた高炉設備、および微粉炭供給方法

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JP (1) JP6012360B2 (pt)
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JP6551471B2 (ja) * 2016-07-29 2019-07-31 Jfeスチール株式会社 高炉操業方法
CN107119160A (zh) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-01 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 一种带压缩气体预热的高炉喷煤方法及系统
CN107763651A (zh) * 2017-09-14 2018-03-06 云南中翼鼎东能源科技开发有限公司 一种锅炉给煤的方法及其给煤系统
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IN2015DN01917A (pt) 2015-08-07
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WO2014045946A1 (ja) 2014-03-27
CN104641002A (zh) 2015-05-20
WO2014045946A8 (ja) 2015-03-12
JP2014062292A (ja) 2014-04-10
JP6012360B2 (ja) 2016-10-25
KR20150040361A (ko) 2015-04-14

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