US20140212324A1 - Fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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US20140212324A1
US20140212324A1 US14/124,212 US201214124212A US2014212324A1 US 20140212324 A1 US20140212324 A1 US 20140212324A1 US 201214124212 A US201214124212 A US 201214124212A US 2014212324 A1 US2014212324 A1 US 2014212324A1
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metal alloy
gadolinium
alloy
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Kazuo Ogasa
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THREE-O Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • B22D25/06—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • C22C5/08—Alloys based on silver with copper as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
    • A44C27/001—Materials for manufacturing jewellery
    • A44C27/002—Metallic materials
    • A44C27/003—Metallic alloys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-performance elastic limit metal alloy member and a method for manufacturing the same, in which the said alloy member is suitable for an electronic member, a car and an aerial member, a physicochemical member, a medical care member, a jewelry member, a musical instrument members, a tableware member, a structural member, and the like.
  • gold (Au), platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), and the like have been known as a metal material; and they have been used in many fields.
  • the present invention is characterized in providing fine crystallite high-function alloy of a metal and a precious metal which are novel modified metal alloys with free of toxicity, not only having improved various characteristics but also being capable of adjusting these characteristics without losing the superior characteristics of a metal alloy and a precious metal alloy.
  • the present invention is characterized in providing, by adjusting the fine crystallite, a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy having strength, Young's modulus, elongation, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and spring property, wherein sustainability thereof and so forth may be controlled easily while having easy processability and good workability.
  • the present invention provides a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member and a method for manufacturing the same, in which the said alloy member has enhanced functional characteristics whereby enhancing sustainability and processability with easy operation and no uselessness, while keeping or enhancing hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, elongation, corrosion resistance, discoloration, high-temperature characteristics, and workability.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve and remedy these problematic properties for betterment while keeping the above-mentioned characteristics of the metal materials thereby obtaining a novel fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member that has been wanted.
  • a novel fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member having superior characteristics including physical, electrical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics, and also having excellent performance, quality, function, processability, workability, and so on, could be obtained by making the crystallite fine (to the size of 10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m) and by controlling the size and the form thereof; and based on this finding, a method for manufacturing the same could be established.
  • the fine crystallite metal alloy member of the present invention is characterized in that by controlling the size and the form of a newly developed fine crystallite, not only various characteristics of existing metal alloys such as hardness, tensile strength, elongation, Young's modulus, resisting force, softening property, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, processability, and workability may be kept or enhanced, but also these various characteristics may be controlled, so that unnecessity in function, performance, quality, process, operation, and so forth may be cut away.
  • the fine crystallite metal alloy of the present invention 90% or more thereof may be processed without annealing. This alloy shows characteristics including not causing cracks even if the rolling direction is changed.
  • This metal alloy is easy to be processed and is not easily deformed, while having sustainability; and thus, this is suitable for the purpose to reduce the size and weight upon commercialization thereof.
  • the fine crystallite high-function alloy of a metal and a precious metal in the present invention has superior characteristics as to hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, resisting force, elastic limit, elongation, spring property, and so forth; and in addition, this can be processed easily with good workability.
  • This is highly pure, a crystallite thereof is fine, and the volume-occupation rate of an added element is small; and thus, an electronic material having high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity may be obtained.
  • These characteristics can be enhanced without deteriorating Young's modulus, so that a covering range of its commercial deployment is wide. When this is used to make a musical instrument, a creative tone and an acoustic effect may be obtained.
  • the spring property can be enhanced, a wire rod and a plate material having flexibility and toughness can be obtained. Because heat resistance can be enhanced, its application is wide. A material having superior physical, mechanical, electrical, and chemical characteristics can be obtained.
  • the characteristics that various properties can be enhanced without substantial deterioration of electrical conductivity and Young's modulus were found and established.
  • the fine crystallite high-function metal alloy of the present invention similar high function characteristics can be obtained also in thin films of a spatter film, a vapor-deposited film, and a plated film, because the crystallite is in the size of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) or the size of micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the present invention was made in view of the needs from the market as mentioned above; and an object thereof is to provide a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member and a method for manufacturing the same, in which the said metal alloy keeps, enhances, and adjusts mechanical, physical, and chemical properties while having desired function, performance, and quality, with good workability and free of toxicity.
  • the present invention has objects to provide: a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member having also excellent corrosion resistance and discoloration resistance and a method for manufacturing this; and a fine crystallite metal alloy member having excellent various properties not only at normal temperature but also at high temperature and a method for manufacturing this.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1 :
  • Gadolinium Gadolinium
  • crystallite size could be adjusted by a cast molding method, a processing method, and a heat-treatment method.
  • the size thereof could be adjusted in the range of 10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m, and in addition, the texture form thereof could be adjusted.
  • crystal lattice thereof was a face-centered cubic lattice, a body-centered cubic lattice, or a close-packed hexagonal lattice
  • size of the crystallite could be made fine, and the texture form thereof could be adjusted.
  • FIG. 2
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a gold (Au) alloy including a high-purity gold (Au) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function gold (Au) alloy member according to the first embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of gold (Au) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • Gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of gold (Au) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • Gadolinium Gadolinium
  • Au gold
  • Ag silver
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a gold (Au) alloy comprising 50% by weight of gold (Au) and 50% by weight of silver (Ag), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was heat-treated, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a gold alloy comprising 10% by weight of gold (Au) and 90% by weight of silver (Ag), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 27 nm, 15 nm, 19 nm, and 23 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size thereof could be newly adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 500 to 2700° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 100 to 700° C.
  • especially preferable production conditions are the temperature range of 600 to 1000° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 150 to 550° C. for the ageing treatment.
  • the addition effect appears from 5 ppm, and the characteristics thereof decreases when the content thereof is 30000 ppm or more.
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a silver (Ag) alloy including a high-purity silver (Ag) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function silver (Ag) alloy member according to the second embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of silver (Ag) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a silver (Ag) alloy comprising 90% by weight of silver (Ag) and 10% by weight of palladium (Pd), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a silver (Ag) alloy comprising 50% by weight of silver (Ag) and 50% by weight of palladium (Pd), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was heat-treated, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a silver (Ag) alloy comprising 10% by weight of silver (Ag) and 90% by weight of palladium (Pd), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 8 nm, 19 nm, 23 nm, and 25 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be newly adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 450 to 2200° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 100 to 600° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 500 to 1550° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 150 to 500° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a platinum (Pt) alloy including a high-purity platinum (Pt) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function platinum (Pt) alloy according to the third embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of platinum (Pt) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a platinum (Pt) alloy comprising 90% by weight of platinum (Pt) and 10% by weight of palladium (Pd), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a platinum (Pt) alloy comprising 50% by weight of platinum (Pt) and 50% by weight of copper (Cu), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was heat-treated, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a platinum (Pt) alloy comprising 10% by weight of platinum (Pt) and 90% by weight of copper (Cu), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 11 nm, 19 nm, 17 nm, and 22 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • This comprises a precious metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a platinum (Pt) alloy including a high-purity platinum (Pt) alloy.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 600 to 2800° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 150 to 1400° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 500 to 1600° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 150 to 1000° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a palladium (Pd) alloy including a high-purity palladium (Pd) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function palladium (Pd) alloy member according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of palladium (Pd) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm was analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameter obtained by the Scherrer's equation was 15 nm.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the metal alloy member comprises a precious metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a palladium (Pd) alloy including a palladium (Pd) alloy.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 500 to 2700° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 150 to 1300° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 550 to 1500° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 150 to 900° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in an aluminum (Al) alloy including a high-purity aluminum (Al) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function aluminum (Al) alloy member according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of aluminum (Al) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to an aluminum (Al) alloy comprising 90% by weight of aluminum (Al) and 10% by weight of magnesium (Mg), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to an aluminum (Al) alloy comprising 50% by weight of aluminum (Al) and 50% by weight of magnesium (Mg), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was heat-treated, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to an aluminum (Al) alloy comprising 10% by weight of aluminum (Al) and 90% by weight of magnesium (Mg), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 6 nm, 13 nm, 27 nm, and 19 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 8 nm, 13 nm, 27 nm, and 19 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the aluminum (Al) alloy member comprises the aluminum (Al) alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd).
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 300 to 2000° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 50 to 450° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 500 to 1600° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 50 to 400° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gadolinium (Gd) the member having high function and sustainability, capable of being readily processed, could be obtained.
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a magnesium (Mg) alloy including a high-purity magnesium (Mg) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function magnesium (Mg) alloy member according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of magnesium (Mg) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm was analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameter obtained by the Scherrer's equation was 12 nm.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the fine crystallite high-function magnesium alloy comprises the magnesium (Mg) bare metal containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) or the magnesium (Mg) alloy containing the same.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 250 to 1050° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 110 to 500° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 500 to 1000° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 50 to 450° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gadolinium (Gd) the member having high function and durability, capable of being readily processed, could be obtained.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a copper (Cu) alloy including a high-purity copper (Cu) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function copper (Cu) alloy member according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of copper (Cu) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a copper (Cu) alloy comprising 90% by weight of copper (Cu) and 10% by weight of zinc (Zn), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a copper (Cu) alloy comprising 65% by weight of copper (Cu) and 35 by weight of zinc (Zn), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was heat-treated, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a copper (Cu) alloy comprising 10% by weight of copper (Cu) and 90% by weight of silver (Ag), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 17 nm, 7 nm, 21 nm, and 13 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 600 to 2500° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 150 to 850° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 600 to 1600° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 150 to 780° C. for the ageing treatment.
  • Gadolinium (Gd) the member having high function and durability, capable of being readily processed, could be obtained.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in an iron (Fe) alloy including a high-purity iron (Fe) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function iron (Fe) alloy member according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of iron (Fe) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) 500 g was added to an iron (Fe) alloy comprising 99% by weight of iron (Fe) and 1% by weight of silicon Si, and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) 500 g was added to an iron (Fe) alloy comprising 75% by weight of iron (Fe), 17% by weight of nickel Ni, and 8% by weight of aluminum (Al), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was heat-treated, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 7 nm, 27 nm, and 18 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the solution treatment was done at 820° C. for 1 hour; and the ageing treatment was done at 480° C. for 3 hours.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 600 to 2800° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 150 to 700° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 600 to 2000° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 150 to 700° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gadolinium (Gd) the member having high function and durability, capable of being readily processed, could be obtained.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • rare earth metals other than gadolinium (Gd) alkaline earth metals, silicon (Si), boron (B), zirconium (Zr), tin (Sn), indium (In), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), phosphorous (P), and
  • a fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member comprises a metal alloy containing 5 to 30000 ppm of gadolinium (Gd) in a titanium (Ti) alloy including a high-purity titanium (Ti) alloy.
  • the fine crystallite high-function titanium (Ti) alloy member according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention was obtained as following: gadolinium (Gd) was added to a metal alloy containing 99.95% by weight of titanium (Ti) so that the resultant metal alloy has gadolinium (Gd) content of 500 ppm and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • gadolinium (Gd) was added to a titanium (Ti) alloy comprising 99.8% by weight of titanium (Ti) and 0.2% by weight of palladium (Pd), and then, the mixture thereof was cast-molded to a thick plate having the widths of 30 mm and 10 mm; and then, this plate was solution-treated, aged, and then roll-processed to a thick plate having the thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the foregoing finishing-processed thick plates having the thickness of 0.3 mm were analyzed by the X-ray analysis; and the average crystallite diameters obtained by the Scherrer's equation were 7 nm, and 27 nm, respectively.
  • the crystallite size could be adjusted in the level of nanometers (10 ⁇ 9 m to 10 ⁇ 6 m) and micrometers (10 ⁇ 6 m to 10 ⁇ 3 m).
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and further, if necessary, an ageing treatment is conducted thereafter at a prescribed temperature.
  • the alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, then, if necessary, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, and then the material is processed to a prescribed form, wherein if necessary, the material is aged before or after this process.
  • the solution treatment may be done in the temperature range of 600 to 2700° C.
  • the ageing treatment may be done in the temperature range of 150 to 500° C.
  • Especially preferable conditions are the temperature range of 500 to 1550° C. for the solution treatment, and the temperature range of 300 to 800° C. for the ageing treatment. Processing efficiency during the time of processing is arbitrary, while the preferable range thereof is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • rare earth metals other than gadolinium (Gd), alkaline earth metals, silicon (Si), boron (B), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), zirconium (Zr), copper (Cu), tin Sn, indium (In), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), and chromium (Cr)
  • the metal alloys used in the embodiments are not particularly restricted. Any ingredient other than the above-mentioned function-enhancing additives may be used without specific restrictions provided that it is used in a usual metal alloy.
  • the above-mentioned function-enhancing additives are effective also in an existing general metal alloy.
  • the same embodiments of the metal alloys shall be applied.
  • an alloy material with the foregoing composition is cast-molded, and then, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature. Thereafter, if necessary, the material is aged at prescribed temperature.
  • the processed metal alloy an alloy material with the afore-mentioned composition is cast-molded, the material is solution-treated in which rapid cooling is conducted after heating to a prescribed temperature, the material is processed to a prescribed form, and further, the material is aged before or after the foregoing process.
  • gadolinium solely only an appropriate amount of a function-enhancing additive that is composited with other element is added to a metal alloy (including high-purity alloy) having a face-centered cubic lattice, a body-centered cubic lattice, or a close-packed hexagonal lattice, not only superior high-function characteristics but also superior hardness, Young's modulus, tensile strength, heat-resistance, and workability than ever may be obtained, even in a cast-molded alloy that is not processed.
  • a metal alloy including high-purity alloy
  • gadolinium (Gd) is the most effective element to achieve a high function; and in addition, its effect to enhance heat resistance is eminent. Especially, by adding gadolinium (Gd), remarkablely high Young's modulus and elastic limit can be obtained. As can be seen above, gadolinium (Gd) is highly effective to enhance hardness, Young's modulus, and tensile strength; and in addition, eminent enhancement of function characteristics can be obtained. Furthermore, adding amount is small and volume-occupation rate is low; and thus, characteristics unique to a metal alloy can be utilized.
  • Gd gadolinium
  • Gd gadolinium
  • the fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member of the present invention can enhance function characteristics, so that this has strength together with high resisting force, Young's modulus, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, softening point, and the like; and in addition, this is not brittle because of the high tensile strength thereof. This is suitable for reduction in the size and weight because of its excellent mechanical characteristics and physical characteristics. This is sustainable. In addition, this has excellent processability and workability.
  • the fine crystallite high-function metal alloy member of the present invention has enhanced functions with superior characteristics including hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, resisting force, heat resistance, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity; and in addition, this has elongation and the like, so that this is easily processed with good workability. Accordingly, this is different from conventional metal alloy members. Furthermore, an important feature thereof resides in that these characteristics can be adjusted in accordance with preference of a user.
  • the most significant feature of the present invention resides in that important functional characteristics of the high-function metal alloy of the foregoing elements can be enhanced so that a unique metal alloy having the characteristics thereof adjusted in accordance with preference of a user can be obtained.

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