US20140004479A1 - Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth - Google Patents

Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140004479A1
US20140004479A1 US13/994,162 US201113994162A US2014004479A1 US 20140004479 A1 US20140004479 A1 US 20140004479A1 US 201113994162 A US201113994162 A US 201113994162A US 2014004479 A1 US2014004479 A1 US 2014004479A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
instrument
working area
temperature
endodontic
shape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/994,162
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English (en)
Inventor
Jean-Claude Rouiller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FKG Dentaire SARL
Original Assignee
FKG Dentaire SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FKG Dentaire SARL filed Critical FKG Dentaire SARL
Assigned to FKG DENTAIRE SA reassignment FKG DENTAIRE SA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ROUILLER, JEAN-CLAUDE
Publication of US20140004479A1 publication Critical patent/US20140004479A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A61C5/023—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F45/00—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles
    • B21F45/008—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles of medical instruments, e.g. stents, corneal rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/40—Implements for surgical treatment of the roots or nerves of the teeth; Nerve needles; Methods or instruments for medication of the roots
    • A61C5/42—Files for root canals; Handgrips or guiding means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • B21F1/004—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire by means of press-type tooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C2201/00—Material properties
    • A61C2201/007—Material properties using shape memory effect

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an endodontic instrument, particularly an instrument for drilling a root canal in a patient's tooth, the instrument having a longitudinal axis and comprising a working area for forming and/or shaping and/or cutting and/or cleaning the wall of the root canal of the tooth, the working area being equipped with a supporting end piece that can be attached to a mounting.
  • Cleaning and preparing root canals of a tooth for receiving filling material is accomplished using drilling instruments with an active portion called the working portion, the purpose of which is to shape and clean the root canal in preparation for receiving the materials used to treat and fill it.
  • Root canals often have specific shapes with complex curves and narrow cross-sections formed of constricted or oval areas that do not lend themselves to the introduction of preliminary shaping instruments. This is why instruments known as files must have characteristics that sometimes are contradictory: the files must be fine but resistant, yet flexible enough to conform to the curves of the root canal and reach the end of the canal, while nevertheless remaining durable enough to shape and cut the walls of the canal.
  • U.S. Publication No. US2010/0233648 describes an endodontic instrument made of superelastic material which has one shape when introduced into the root canal and assumes a second shape when located inside the canal. This shape modification is linked to the superelastic properties of the material, allowing the instrument to undergo deformations when the shape of the canal imposes mechanical constraints.
  • the present invention proposes overcoming the disadvantages listed above and furnishing a means for ensuring effective root canal preparation by placing at the disposal of the practitioner an adaptable instrument which is easily introduced into the root canal, but nevertheless is shaped to prepare the canal adequately for treatment and filling.
  • the instrument of the invention characterized in that at least the working area is designed to have a retracted, at least partially rectilinear shape when the instrument is in inoperative position, with the instrument being in what is known as the martensitic phase, and an expanded structured shape adapted to the shape of the root canal when the instrument is in the operative position, with the instrument then being in what is known as the austenitic phase; the passage from the martensitic to the austenitic phase being triggered by a first predetermined temperature variation in the instrument and the instrument's return from its austenitic to its martensitic phase being triggered by a second predetermined temperature variation in the instrument.
  • At least the first predetermined variation in instrument temperature is triggered during the instrument's use after its introduction into the root canal.
  • the first predetermined variation in instrument temperature is a temperature elevation.
  • the temperature elevation which triggers passage from the martensitic to the austenitic phase, falls within the range of temperatures comprising from 0° to 60° and preferably from 25° to 40° C.
  • the second predetermined variation in the instrument temperature is a temperature decrease.
  • the temperature decrease to a temperature called the transformation temperature which advantageously triggers the passage from the austenitic to the martensitic phase, falls within a range of temperatures comprised of from 60° to 0° and preferably from 45° to 25° C.
  • At least the working area may be made of a metal alloy having shape memory properties that allow it to assume a retracted shape when at ambient temperature and an expanded structured shape at a higher temperature at the time of or after its introduction into the root canal.
  • the metal alloy with shape memory properties is an alloy selected from the following alloys: nickel-titanium, copper-zinc-aluminum-nickel, copper-aluminum nickel, or zinc-copper-gold-iron or a combination of at least two of these alloys.
  • the expanded structured shape may be twisting, generally flat and auger-shaped, or corkscrew shaped and generally circular in section.
  • the instrument's working area when in the expanded structured shape may have portions comprising cutting edges or smoothing edges or an abrasive surface or at least one end section forming an angle with the axis of the instrument.
  • the working area of the instrument may be tubular and comprise two end sectors forming an angle relative to the axis of the instrument, the two sectors describing a cone during axial rotation by the instrument.
  • the instrument When the instrument is made of a flexible metal alloy, the instrument is designed to resume its retracted shape through a mechanical action after it has been used in the expanded structured shape.
  • FIG. 1A represents an instrument according to the invention in the shape of a flat auger at the time of its introduction into the root canal of a tooth;
  • FIGS. 1B through 1D represent the instrument of FIG. 1A after introduction into the root canal of the tooth, with FIGS. 1C and 1D respectively representing cuts in the tooth along axes 1 C- 1 C and 1 D- 1 D.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2C represent another type of embodiment of the instrument of the invention at the time of its introduction into the canal of the root a tooth, with FIG. 2C representing a cut into the root of the tooth along axis 2 C- 2 C;
  • FIGS. 2B and 2D represent the instrument of FIG. 2A after introduction into the canal of the root of a tooth, with FIG. 2D representing a cut into the root along axis 2 D- 2 D;
  • FIGS. 3A and 3C represent another variation of an expandable instrument according to the invention in a first operating state in the root of a tooth, with FIG. 3C representing a cut into the root along axis 3 C- 3 C;
  • FIGS. 3B and 3D represent the instrument called the expandable instrument in FIG. 3A in a second operating state, with FIG. 3D representing a cut into the treated root of the tooth along axis 3 D- 3 D;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B represent an expandable instrument similar to that in FIGS. 3A through 3D in a different working configuration in the root of a tooth, with FIG. 4B representing a cut into the root along axis 4 B- 4 B;
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a variation of the instrument of the invention called a tubular instrument introduced into the root of a tooth but in the inoperative position;
  • FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of the extremity of the working area of the instrument of FIG. 5A in inoperative position;
  • FIG. 6A illustrates the instrument of FIGS. 5A and 5B in the operative position inside the root of the tooth
  • FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of the extremity of the working area of the instrument of FIG. 5A in the operative position.
  • FIGS. 1A through 1D is a manual type of instrument designed to be affixed to the extremity of a handle allowing the practitioner to scrape the generally oval root canal of a patient's tooth essentially using back and forth movements and pivoting movements around the instrument's longitudinal axis.
  • the instrument 10 comprises a working area 11 made of metal wire comprising one or more strands extending into a supporting end piece 13 held by a mounting 14 , in this case a handle allowing the practitioner to manipulate the instrument.
  • FIG. 1A represents instrument 10 in the position of introduction into root canal 21 of a tooth 20 .
  • working area 11 of instrument 10 is in what is called the retracted position, in this case, generally rectilinear, which facilitates its introduction into root canal 21 and lets it pass easily through narrowing 16 visible in the canal.
  • working area 11 maintains its retracted generally rectilinear configuration because of the metal alloy it is made of that has a property known as “shape memory.” This quality, known in itself, permits a suitable metal alloy to have a first geometric shape in a given range of temperatures and to assume a different geometric shape after passing to another temperature.
  • working area 11 of the instrument made of nickel-titanium based alloy, is generally rectilinear at ambient temperature, for example from 0 to 35° C., preferably between 10 and 30° C.
  • a first temperature variation is applied, such as an elevation, located within a range of temperatures from 0° to 60° C. and preferably from 25° to 40° C.
  • a second temperature variation is applied, such as lowering the temperature to a value called the transformation value, situated within a range of temperatures extending from 60° to 0° C. and preferably 40° C. and 25° C. for certain nickel alloys.
  • Alloys that are useful for their memory properties are principally copper-zinc-aluminum-nickel, copper-aluminum-nickel and zinc-copper-gold-iron alloys. Obviously other alloys with similar properties could be used.
  • the temperature increase can be accelerated using heating means incorporated in the instrument base or using exterior means such as, for example, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) which is used to disinfect the root canal.
  • This compound may be injected through a heating syringe currently used by practitioners in the field.
  • FIGS. 1B through 1D The expanded structured shape assumed by working area 11 of instrument 10 is shown in FIGS. 1B through 1D .
  • Working area 11 in this exemplary embodiment assumes the shape of a flat auger essentially filling the entire space of root canal 21 as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D .
  • This auger is extremely flexible so that it adapts to the shape of canal 21 .
  • loops 17 on the auger are less pronounced than in enlarged sectors 18 and 19 , corresponding to the bottom and the entry to canal 21 , respectively.
  • FIGS. 2A through 2D represent an instrument 10 according to the invention, of the mechanically driven type, engaged in one of canals 21 of a molar type tooth 20 with two root canals.
  • working area 11 in its retracted configuration, is generally rectilinear, allowing easy introduction into root canal 21 .
  • working area 11 has assumed its expanded structured configuration following a temperature increase resulting either from contact with the patient's body or from a heating resistor (not shown) present in mounting 14 that supports instrument 10 .
  • the instrument is mechanically rotated and when in its structured state, it is shaped like a corkscrew.
  • Working area 11 on instrument 10 is also of sufficiently flexible consistency that its cross-section can adapt to the cross-section of root canal 21 , which is more or less conical. For this reason working area 11 is made with a metal alloy wire with shape memory that assumes its expanded structured configuration following a temperature elevation or a temperature change.
  • the wire may be generally circular or perhaps angular in cross-section such that the instrument functions as either a smoothing, cutting, or abrasive tool according to the result desired.
  • the practitioner may use several instruments with different or complementary functions depending on the initial shape of the root canal to be treated.
  • FIGS. 3A through 3D represent another embodiment of an instrument according to the invention of the mechanically driven type.
  • This instrument 10 called an expandable instrument, has specific characteristics allowing it to adapt to the shape and dimensions of a root canal or “machine” the canal to give it the shape and dimensions desired for the subsequent root canal treatment.
  • Instrument 10 in the state represented in FIGS. 3A and 3C , is introduced into one of the root canals 21 in tooth 20 .
  • This canal comprises a slight bulge 21 a in its central portion, followed by a narrowing 21 b.
  • Working area 11 on instrument 10 adapts to this configuration.
  • FIGS. 3A through 3D represent another embodiment of an instrument according to the invention of the mechanically driven type.
  • This instrument 10 called an expandable instrument, has specific characteristics allowing it to adapt to the shape and dimensions of a root canal or “machine” the canal to give it the shape and dimensions desired for the subsequent root canal treatment.
  • Instrument 10 in the state represented in FIGS. 3A and 3C , is introduced into one of
  • this instrument is mechanically rotated by its mounting 14 and depending upon the cross-section of the metal wire constituting it, its action produces either machining, cutting, abrasion or smoothing of the walls of root canal 21 .
  • the goal is to enlarge the upper portion of the canal while eliminating narrowed portion 21 b in order to facilitate introduction of the filling substance.
  • instrument 10 dilates, assumes the shape of a corkscrew with a generally circular cross-section, and acts on the walls by cutting or eroding the material of the tooth body, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3D .
  • expansion of instrument 10 occurs essentially in upper portion 30 of working area 11 and the objective is to shape root canal 21 into a cone.
  • Working area 11 may be a cutting, abrasive or smoothing one depending on what shape is contemplated for canal 21 .
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate another embodiment of instrument 10 in which working area 11 is generally tubular and has a twisted appearance.
  • Lower extremity 12 of this working area 11 is split axially for a certain length and comprises two sectors 12 a and 12 b that are visible in FIG. 5B .
  • the two sectors 12 a and 12 b are juxtaposed in the axial extension of the rest of working area 11 .
  • Introducing the working area of instrument 10 into root canal 21 is easy because of its tubular rectilinear configuration. In its working position shown in FIG.
  • lower extremity 12 has opened following a temperature elevation by virtue of the shape memory properties of the alloy forming the instrument, and the two sectors 12 a and 12 b form an angle between them that describes a more or less open cone when the tool is rotated by its turning mounting 14 .
  • the odontologist's objective is to create an enlarged cavity 22 at the extremity of root canal 21 , the cavity being destined to receive the filler paste and prevent entrapment of air microbubbles at the canal base. Air microbubbles actually contain oxygen which can feed bacteria and decay, producing a more or less long term infection.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but may undergo different modifications or variations.
  • the variations described are manual and mechanically driven, it is also possible to use ultrasonic vibrations to control the instrument.
  • preparation of the root canal may vary.
  • These variations may also be obtained by adaptations in the shape of the metal wire the instrument is made of, the shape possibly being smooth or sharp, round or angular, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
US13/994,162 2010-12-16 2011-12-12 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth Abandoned US20140004479A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH02100/10A CH704235B1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Instrument endodontique pour l’alésage de canaux radiculaires d’une dent.
CH2100/10 2010-12-16
PCT/CH2011/000296 WO2012079183A1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2011-12-12 Instrument endodontique pour l'alésage de canaux radiculaires d'une dent

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2011/000296 A-371-Of-International WO2012079183A1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2011-12-12 Instrument endodontique pour l'alésage de canaux radiculaires d'une dent

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/930,844 Continuation-In-Part US9931179B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2015-11-03 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth

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US20140004479A1 true US20140004479A1 (en) 2014-01-02

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US13/994,162 Abandoned US20140004479A1 (en) 2010-12-16 2011-12-12 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth
US14/930,844 Active 2032-05-16 US9931179B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2015-11-03 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth
US15/830,601 Active US11571275B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2017-12-04 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/930,844 Active 2032-05-16 US9931179B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2015-11-03 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth
US15/830,601 Active US11571275B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2017-12-04 Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth

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US (3) US20140004479A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2651330A1 (ja)
JP (2) JP2014505507A (ja)
KR (1) KR20180095806A (ja)
CN (2) CN108350532A (ja)
AU (1) AU2016348753B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR112018008424B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA2819204A1 (ja)
CH (1) CH704235B1 (ja)
CL (1) CL2018001170A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2858756T3 (ja)
MX (1) MX2018005582A (ja)
MY (1) MY190220A (ja)
SG (1) SG11201803658YA (ja)
WO (1) WO2012079183A1 (ja)
ZA (1) ZA201803177B (ja)

Cited By (5)

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CN106572893A (zh) * 2014-07-07 2017-04-19 Fkg牙齿股份有限公司 用于牙根管扩孔的牙髓器械
WO2017075723A1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-11 Fkg Dentaire Sa Endodontic instrument for drilling the root canals of a tooth
CN108350532A (zh) * 2010-12-16 2018-07-31 Fkg牙齿股份有限公司 用于钻牙齿的根管的牙髓病治疗器械
USD837376S1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2019-01-01 Moji Bagheri Endodontic tool
US20210212799A1 (en) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Clifford J. Ruddle Endoactivator tips for cleaning dental root canal system

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US10695820B2 (en) * 2014-09-09 2020-06-30 Gold Standard Instruments, LLC Method for forming an endodontic instrument or device
EP3178439B1 (en) 2015-12-03 2021-10-13 Ormco Corporation Fluted endodontic file
CN107970075B (zh) 2016-10-22 2022-03-08 奥姆科公司 可变热处理牙髓锉刀
KR20180064937A (ko) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-15 주식회사 마루치 초음파 근관 세정용 Ni-Ti 합금 파일
USD842474S1 (en) 2017-10-20 2019-03-05 Ormco Corporation Endodontic file
US11191616B1 (en) * 2017-10-21 2021-12-07 David W. Kelliny Access guide and drill kit to be used with same for endodontic access cavity preparation and method of use
US11432906B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2022-09-06 Hu-Friedy Mfg. Co., Llc Dental instrument with a flexible tip end and method of manufacture
KR20210137130A (ko) * 2019-03-08 2021-11-17 스트라우만 홀딩 에이쥐 치과용 드릴 표면 처리
KR20210014914A (ko) 2019-07-31 2021-02-10 주식회사 엘지화학 곡면 유리에 인쇄 가능한 자외선 경화형 블랙 잉크 조성물 및 베젤 패턴 인쇄 방법
KR20210014913A (ko) 2019-07-31 2021-02-10 주식회사 엘지화학 곡면 유리에 인쇄 가능한 자외선 경화형 블랙 잉크 조성물 및 베젤 패턴 인쇄 방법
JP7411248B2 (ja) 2021-08-02 2024-01-11 藤栄電気株式会社 根管拡大用切削具、根管長測定器及び根管拡大装置

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US11571275B2 (en) 2023-02-07
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CN108350532A (zh) 2018-07-31
CL2018001170A1 (es) 2018-12-14
WO2012079183A1 (fr) 2012-06-21
CA2819204A1 (fr) 2012-06-21
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SG11201803658YA (en) 2018-05-30
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KR20180095806A (ko) 2018-08-28
BR112018008424B1 (pt) 2021-09-14
US20160051339A1 (en) 2016-02-25
CH704235A1 (fr) 2012-06-29
AU2016348753B2 (en) 2022-03-17

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