US20130081858A1 - Photosensitive resin composition, cured film thereof and printed circuit board - Google Patents
Photosensitive resin composition, cured film thereof and printed circuit board Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130081858A1 US20130081858A1 US13/630,506 US201213630506A US2013081858A1 US 20130081858 A1 US20130081858 A1 US 20130081858A1 US 201213630506 A US201213630506 A US 201213630506A US 2013081858 A1 US2013081858 A1 US 2013081858A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- photosensitive
- manufactured
- resin composition
- carboxylic acid
- photosensitive resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 92
- -1 chlorine ions Chemical class 0.000 description 79
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 71
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 30
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 27
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 20
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 20
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 18
- FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2,4-dioxooxolan-3-yl)-7-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C(OC2=O)=O)C2C(C)=CC1C1C(=O)COC1=O FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 17
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 12
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920003319 Araldite® Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 11
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940048053 acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 7
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- HEQOJEGTZCTHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound NCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HEQOJEGTZCTHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000038 blue colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC(CC)=C3SC2=C1 BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000040 green colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical group S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LWRBVKNFOYUCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylpropan-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1C(=O)C(C)(C)N1CCOCC1 LWRBVKNFOYUCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical class C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical class CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VUFBCWUJICCKDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN1C=CN=C1C VUFBCWUJICCKDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PSYGHMBJXWRQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylacetyl)oxyethyl 2-sulfanylacetate Chemical compound SCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CS PSYGHMBJXWRQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HAQZWTGSNCDKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-sulfanylpropanoyloxy)ethyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound SCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCS HAQZWTGSNCDKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCCILVSKPBXVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YCCILVSKPBXVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JAOPKYRWYXCGOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)methanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 JAOPKYRWYXCGOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088644 n,n-dimethylacrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)C=C YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n',n'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNCCCN(C)C BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)=NO WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJVQNSXZGFXJKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-(1-phenylethyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine Chemical compound C#CCN(C)C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YJVQNSXZGFXJKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound ON=C SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L nickel(2+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Ni+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBAUOPQYSQVYJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 3-[4-hydroxy-3,5-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]propanoate Chemical compound OC1=C(C=C(C=C1C(C)C)CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C(C)C MBAUOPQYSQVYJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZESLRDFSNLECD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOC1=CC=CC=C1 WZESLRDFSNLECD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pigment red 224 Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(OC4=O)=O)C2=C4C=CC=1C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C4=CC=C3C1=C42 CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099800 pigment red 48 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZIQALWHRUQPHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-eneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C=C AZIQALWHRUQPHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCTJRYGLPAFRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 QCTJRYGLPAFRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005767 propoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[#8]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005551 pyridylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TVRGPOFMYCMNRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinizarine green ss Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC(C=1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=11)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 TVRGPOFMYCMNRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LJFWQNJLLOFIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N solvent violet 13 Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(O)C2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O LJFWQNJLLOFIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical class ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M thioglycolate(1-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(S)C(O)=O NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940103494 thiosalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical class CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical class CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M trans-cinnamate Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007964 xanthones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006839 xylylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical class O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0047—Photosensitive materials characterised by additives for obtaining a metallic or ceramic pattern, e.g. by firing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/0325—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/285—Permanent coating compositions
- H05K3/287—Photosensitive compositions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/033—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/035—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polyurethanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
- H05K2201/0206—Materials
- H05K2201/0209—Inorganic, non-metallic particles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3452—Solder masks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition, a cured film thereof and a printed circuit board comprising the cured film. More particularly, the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition in which a cured film obtained therefrom has good resistance to electroless gold plating and occurrence of whitening phenomenon in a solder leveling process (pre-soldering process) and an electroless gold plating process is inhibited; a cured film of the photosensitive resin composition; and a printed circuit board comprising the cured film.
- solder resists for consumer and industrial printed circuit boards from the standpoint of attaining high precision and high density, liquid developing-type solder resists that are, upon being irradiated with UV light, developed to form an image and then subjected to final curing (main curing) by at least either of heating and irradiation with a light have been employed. Further, in response to densification of printed circuit boards associated with miniaturization of electronic devices, a solder resist with improved workability and performance has been demanded.
- an alkali developing-type photosolder resist utilizing an aqueous alkaline solution as its developing solution.
- an epoxy acrylate-modified resin derived by modification of an epoxy resin is commonly employed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a solder resist composition which comprises a photosensitive resin obtained by adding an acid anhydride to a reaction product of a novolac-type epoxy compound and an unsaturated monobasic acid, a photopolymerization initiator, a diluent and an epoxy compound.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a solder resist composition which comprises: a photosensitive resin, which is obtained by adding (meth)acrylic acid to an epoxy resin produced by allowing a reaction product of a salicyl aldehyde and a monohydric phenol to react with epichlorohydrin and further allowing the resultant to react with a polybasic carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof; a photopolymerization inhibitor; an organic solvent and the like.
- JPCA-ES01 Japan Electronics Packaging and Circuits Association
- JPCA-ES01 Japan Electronics Packaging and Circuits Association
- a copper-clad laminate which has a chlorine (Cl) content of not higher than 0.09 wt % (900 ppm), a bromine (Br) content of not higher than 0.09 wt % (900 ppm) and a total content of chlorine (Cl) and bromine (Br) of not higher than 0.15 wt % (1,500 ppm) as a halogen-free copper-clad laminate. Therefore, a reduction in the halogen content is demanded also for a solder resist, which is one of the principal components of printed circuit boards.
- photosensitive carboxylic acid resins that are contained in a solder resist ones that are derived from an epoxy resin contain chlorine ion originated from epichlorohydrin; therefore, such photosensitive carboxylic acid resins are not preferred from the standpoint of attaining a halogen-free printed circuit board/solder resist. Accordingly, non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resins of non-epoxy resin origin and resin compositions in which a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin of non-epoxy resin origin is adopted have been examined.
- a resin composition in which such a non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin described in the above is used has a problem in that, when a substrate having a cured film which is obtained from the resin composition and exposed to a light is subjected to a solder leveling process (pre-soldering process) or an electroless gold plating process, the surface of the cured film becomes clouded (hereinafter, referred to as “whitening”) in some cases.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive resin composition in which a cured film obtained therefrom has good resistance to electroless gold plating and occurrence of whitening phenomenon in a solder leveling process (pre-soldering process) and an electroless gold plating process is inhibited; a cured film of the photosensitive resin composition; and a printed circuit board comprising the cured film.
- a photosensitive resin composition which comprises a non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, an aluminum-containing inorganic filler and an epoxy resin, thereby completing the present invention.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention comprises (A) a non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, (B) an aluminum-containing inorganic filler and (C) an epoxy resin.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention further comprise a photosensitive monomer.
- the above-described (C) epoxy resin be a bifunctional epoxy resin.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention further comprise a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin.
- the content of the photosensitive carboxylic acid resin be in the range of not higher than 90 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention have a chlorine content of not higher than 900 ppm.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention be one which is used as a solder resist.
- the cured film according to the present invention is obtained by curing any one of the above-described photosensitive resin compositions.
- the printed circuit board according to the present invention comprises the above-described cured film.
- a photosensitive resin composition in which a cured film obtained therefrom has good resistance to electroless gold plating and occurrence of whitening phenomenon in a solder leveling process (pre-soldering process) and an electroless gold plating process is inhibited; a cured film of the photosensitive resin composition; and a printed circuit board comprising the cured film can be provided.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is suitably used as a permanent coating film of a printed circuit board and in particular, it is suitably used as a solder resist material and an interlayer insulation material.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is characterized by comprising (A) a non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, (B) an aluminum-containing inorganic filler and (C) an epoxy resin.
- A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is not derived from an epoxy resin, it contains a small amount of chlorine ions originated from epichlorohydrin. Therefore, by using this (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, the halogen content in the photosensitive resin composition as a whole can be reduced. From the standpoint of halogen-free property, it is preferred that the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention have a chlorine content of not higher than 900 ppm.
- the photosensitive resin composition By allowing the photosensitive resin composition to contain the (B) aluminum-containing inorganic filler, occurrence of whitening phenomenon can be inhibited.
- non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is a resin which has a carboxyl group in the molecule but does not have a photosensitive group such as an ethylenically unsaturated bond.
- non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin examples include the following compounds (that each may be either an oligomer or a polymer):
- Non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resins obtained by copolymerization of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such (meth)acrylic acid and an unsaturated group-containing compound such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, lower alkyl (meth)acrylate or isobutylene.
- unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth)acrylic acid
- unsaturated group-containing compound such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, lower alkyl (meth)acrylate or isobutylene.
- lower alkyl refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin used in the present invention has an acid value of preferably not less than 120 mg KOH/g, more preferably 140 to 180 mg KOH/g.
- the acid value of the (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is less than 120 mg KOH/g, development of the photosensitive resin composition with an alkali may become difficult.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin used in the present invention varies depending on the resin skeleton; however, in general, it is preferably 10,000 to 30,000.
- the weight-average molecular weight is less than 10,000, the dryness to touch (tack-free performance) may be poor and the moisture resistance of the resulting coating film after exposure to a light may be deteriorated to cause a reduction in the film at the time of development, which may greatly impair the resolution.
- the weight-average molecular weight is greater than 30,000, the developing property may be markedly deteriorated and the storage stability may be impaired.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is more preferably 10,000 to 25,000.
- the content of the (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin be 10 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the content is less than 10 parts by mass, the dryness to touch (tack-free performance) is deteriorated.
- the content is more preferably 20 to 50 parts by mass.
- total carboxylic acid resins means a sum of the (A) non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin and the later-described photosensitive carboxylic acid resin.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention further comprises (B) an aluminum-containing inorganic filler.
- the (B) aluminum-containing inorganic filler has a refractive index similar to that of the resins to be used, it is thought that the use of the (B) aluminum-containing inorganic filler makes it difficult for whitening of gold plating and solder leveler to occur. Further, since the shrinkage of the resulting coating film on curing is also reduced, it is believed that the resistance to gold plating is improved.
- solder resist inks generally have a specific gravity in the range of 1.3 to 1.5.
- the specific gravity is larger than 1.5, the coating area efficiency is impaired and the ink is thus uneconomical; therefore, a solder resist ink having such a specific gravity is not preferred. Accordingly, it is preferred that the specific gravity of the ink be adjusted to be in the above-described range mainly by changing the amount of the (B) aluminum-containing inorganic filler.
- the above-described (B) aluminum-containing inorganic filler is an inorganic filler which contains aluminum, preferably an aluminum-containing mineral.
- aluminum-containing inorganic filler any known aluminum-containing inorganic filler can be used. Specific examples thereof include kaolin, Neuburg siliceous earth and aluminum hydroxide.
- the content of the aluminum-containing inorganic filler is preferably 50 to 500 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 400 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- Kaolin is a hydrated aluminum silicate having a laminated structure. It preferably has a composition represented by the chemical formula, (OH) 8 Si 4 Al 4 O 10 or Al 2 O 3 .2SiO 2 .2H 2 O.
- kaolinite kaolinite, dickite and nacrite
- the particle size thereof is not particularly restricted and kaolin of any particle size may be used. Further, kaolin whose surface is treated with a silane coupling agent or the like can also be used.
- kaolin examples include SPESWHITE, STOCKLITE, DEVOLITE and POLWHITE, which are manufactured by Imerys Minerals Japan K.K.; KAOFINE 90, KAOBRITE 90, KAOGLOSS 90, KAOFINE, KAOBRITE and KAOGLOSS (trade names), which are manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Kaisha, Ltd.
- TBIELE UNION CLAY RC-1 manufactured by Takehara Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- HUBER 35, HUBER 35B, HUBER 80, HUBER 80B, HUBER 90, HUBER 90B, HUBER HG90, HUBER TEK2001, POLYGLOSS 90 and LITHOSPERSE 7005CS which are manufactured by manufactured by J. M. Huber Corporation.
- Neuburg siliceous earth particles are naturally occurring bound substances called “sillitin” or “sillikolloid” and have a structure in which spherical silica and plate-form kaolinite are loosely bound with each other.
- Neuburg siliceous earth particles include SILLITIN V85, SILLITIN V88, SILLITIN N82, SILLITIN N85, SILLITIN N87, SILLITIN Z86, SILLITIN Z89, SILLIKOLLOID P87, SILLITIN N85 PURISS, SILLITIN Z86 PURISS, SILLITIN Z89 PURISS and SILLIKOLLOID P87 PURISS (all of which are trade names; manufactured by Hoffmann Mineral GmbH). These may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- Examples of surface-treated Neuburg siliceous earth particles include AKTISIL VM56, AKTISIL MAM, AKTISIL MAM-R, AKTISIL EM, AKTISIL AM, AKTISIL MM and AKTISIL PF777 (all of which are trade names; manufactured by Hoffmann Mineral GmbH). These may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- any commercially available product can be used.
- examples thereof include HIGILITE Series (H-21, H-31, H-32, H-42, H-42M, H-43 and H-43M) (manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.).
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention may further comprise, as required, a filler other than the aluminum-containing inorganic filler.
- a filler a known inorganic or organic filler can be used, and examples thereof include barium sulfate, spherical silica and talc.
- a metal oxide such as titanium oxide or a metal hydroxide may also be used as an extender filler.
- the above-described epoxy resin is a resin having an epoxy group and any known epoxy resin can be used.
- examples thereof include bifunctional epoxy resins having two epoxy groups in one molecule and multifunctional epoxy resins having a plurality of epoxy groups in one molecule; however, from the standpoint of potential contribution to an improvement in the resistance to gold plating, bifunctional epoxy resins are preferred and preferred thereamong is a bifunctional epoxy resin which is in a liquid state at room temperature (25° C.).
- Examples of the above-described multifunctional epoxy compound include bisphenol A-type epoxy resins such as jER828, jER834, jER1001 and jER1004, which are manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, EPICLON 840, EPICLON 850, EPICLON 1050 and EPICLON 2055, which are manufactured by DIC Corporation, EPOTOHTO YD-011, YD-013, YD-127 and YD-128, which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., D.E.R.317, D.E.R.331, D.E.R.661 and D.E.R.664, which are manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company, ARALDITE 6071, ARALDITE 6084, ARALDITE GY250 and ARALDITE GY260, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd., SUMI-EPDXY ESA-011, ESA-014, ELA-115 and ELA-128, which are manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and A
- brominated epoxy resins such as jERYL 903 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, EPICLON 152 and EPICLON 165, which are manufactured by DIC Corporation, EPOTOHTO YDB-400 and YDB-500, which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., D.E.R.542 manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company, ARALDITE 8011 manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd., SUMI-EPDXY ESB-400 and ESB-700, which are manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and A.E.R.711 and A.E.R.714, which are manufactured by Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- novolac-type epoxy resins such as jER152 and jER154, which are manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, D.E.N.431 and D.E.N.438, which are manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company, EPICLON N-730, EPICLON N-770 and EPICLON N-865, which are manufactured by DIC Corporation, EPOTOHTO YDCN-701 and YDCN-704, which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., ARALDITE ECN1235, ARALDITE ECN1273, ARALDITE ECN1299 and ARALDITE XPY307, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd., EPPN-201, EOCN-1025, EOCN-1020, EOCN-104S, RE-306 and NC-3000, which are manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., SUMI-EPDXY ESCN-195X and ESCN-220, which are manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co.
- hydrogenated bisphenol A-type epoxy resins such as EPOTOHTO ST-2004, ST-2007 and ST-3000 (trade names) which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd.; glycidyl amine-type epoxy resins such as jER604 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, EPOTOHTO YH-434 manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., ARALDITE MY720 manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd. and SUMI-EPDXY ELM-120 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- hydantoin-type epoxy resins such as ARALDITE CY-350TM manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- alicyclic epoxy resins such as CELLOXIDE 2021 manufactured by Daicel Corporation, and ARALDITE CY175 and CY179, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- trihydroxyphenyl methane-type epoxy resins such as YL-933 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and T.E.N., EPPN-501 and EPPN-502, which are manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company (all of the above are trade names); bixylenol-type or biphenol-type epoxy resins and mixtures thereof, such as YL-6056, YX-4000 and YL-6121 (all of which are trade names) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; bisphenol S-type epoxy resins such as EBPS-200 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., EPX-30 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation and EXA-1514 (trade name) manufactured by DIC Corporation; bisphenol A novolac-type epoxy resins such as jER157S (trade name) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; tetraphenylolethane-type epoxy resins such as jERYL-931 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and ARALDITE 163 manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- trihydroxyphenyl methane-type epoxy resins
- heterocyclic epoxy resins such as ARALDITE PT810 manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd. and TEPIC manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. (both of which are trade names); diglycidyl phthalate resins such as BLEMMER DGT manufactured by NOF Corporation; tetraglycidyl xylenoylethane resins such as ZX-1063 manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd.; naphthalene group-containing epoxy resins such as ESN-190 and ESN-360, which are manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., and HP-4032, EXA-4750 and EXA-4700, which are manufactured by DIC Corporation; epoxy resins having a dicyclopentadiene skeleton, such as HP-7200 and HP-7200H manufactured by DIC Corporation; glycidyl methacrylate copolymer-based epoxy resins such as CP-50S and CP-50M manufactured by NOF Corporation; cyclohexyl
- the multifunctional epoxy compound is not restricted to these resins.
- novolac-type epoxy resins such as cresol novolac-type epoxy resins, heterocyclic epoxy resins, bixylenol-type epoxy resins and mixtures thereof are preferred.
- the above-described bifunctional epoxy resin is a compound having two epoxy groups in the molecule, preferably one which is in a liquid state at room temperature (25° C.).
- the bifunctional epoxy resin include bisphenol A-type epoxy resins, hydrogenated bisphenol A-type epoxy resins, bisphenol F-type epoxy resins, bisphenol S-type epoxy resins, bixylenol-type epoxy resins and biphenol-type epoxy resins.
- the bifunctional epoxy resin may be a hydrogenated bifunctional epoxy compound as well.
- the above-described bifunctional epoxy resins of bisphenol-type or the like can be obtained by, for example, epoxidation of a bisphenol or a biphenol with epichlorohydrin or the like.
- the bisphenol include bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)menthane, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)dicyclopentane, 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ether, bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)ether, bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ether, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfide, bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)sulfide, bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone, bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)sulfone, bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone, 1,1
- Examples of the hydrogenated bifunctional epoxy compound include hydrogenation products of: bisphenol A-type epoxy resins such as EPIKOTE 828, EPIKOTE 834, EPIKOTE 1001 and EPIKOTE 1004, which are manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, EPICLON 840, EPICLON 850, EPICLON 1050 and EPICLON 2055, which are manufactured by DIC Corporation, EPOTOHTO YD-011, YD-013, YD-127 and YD-128, which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., D.E.R.317, D.E.R.331, D.E.R.661 and D.E.R.664, which are manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company, ARALDITE 6071, ARALDITE 6084, ARALDITE GY250 and ARALDITE GY260, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd., SUMI-EPDXY ESA-011, ESA-014, ELA-115 and ELA-128, which are manufactured by Sumitomo
- bisphenol F-type epoxy resins such as EPICLON 830 manufactured by DIC Corporation, EPIKOTE 807 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, EPOTOHTO YDF-170, YDF-175 and YDF-2004, which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., ARALDITE XPY306 manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- bixylenol-type or biphenol-type epoxy resins such as YL-6056, YX-4000 and YL-6121 (all of which are trade names), which are manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, and mixtures thereof; and bisphenol S-type epoxy resins such as EBPS-200 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., EPX-30 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation and EXA-1514 manufactured by DIC Corporation (all of the above are trade names).
- hydrogenated bisphenol A-type epoxy compounds are preferred and specific examples thereof include trade name “EPIKOTE YL-6663” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; and trade names “EPOTOHTO ST-2004”, “EPOTOHTO ST-2007” and “EPOTOHTO ST-3000”, which are manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd.
- the hydrogenation rate of the epoxy compound is preferably 0.1% to 100% and a partially hydrogenated epoxy compound or a completely hydrogenated compound represented by the following Formula (1) can be employed.
- liquid bifunctional epoxy resins examples include alicyclic epoxy resins such as vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, (3′,4′-epoxycyclohexylmethyl)-3,4-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate and (3′,4′-epoxy-6′-methylcyclohexylmethyl)-3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexane carboxylate.
- the above-described bifunctional epoxy resin has an epoxy equivalent of preferably 150 to 500, more preferably 170 to 300.
- the content of the above-described epoxy resin is preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 50 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- epoxy resins may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention may also comprise, as required, a thermosetting component.
- a thermosetting component used in the present invention include those thermosetting resins that are known and commonly used, such as blocked isocyanate compounds, amino resins, maleimide compounds, benzoxazine resins, carbodiimide resins, cyclocarbonate compounds, multifunctional epoxy compounds, multifunctional oxetane compounds and episulfide resins.
- thermosetting components having a plurality of cyclic ether groups and/or cyclic thioether groups hereinafter, simply referred to as “cyclic (thio)ether groups”.
- cyclic (thio)ether groups are commercially available in a number of types and are capable of imparting a variety of properties based on their structures.
- thermosetting components having a plurality of cyclic (thio)ether groups in one molecule are compounds having two or more of either or both of 3-, 4- or 5-membered cyclic ether groups and cyclic thioether groups, and examples of such compounds include compounds having a plurality of oxetanyl groups in one molecule, that is, multifunctional oxetane compounds; and compounds having a plurality of thioether groups in one molecule, that is, episulfide resins.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention comprise a compound having one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule (photosensitive monomer).
- photosensitive monomer a compound having one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention contains substantially no photosensitive carboxylic acid resin or contains only a small amount of the above-described photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, in order to impart the resin composition with sufficient photosensitivity, it is preferred that a large amount of photosensitive monomer be added.
- Examples of compounds used as the above-described photosensitive monomer include those commonly used and known polyester (meth)acrylates, polyether (meth)acrylates, urethane (meth)acrylates, carbonate (meth)acrylates and epoxy (meth)acrylates.
- hydroxyalkyl acrylates such as 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and 2-hydroxypropylacrylate
- glycol diacrylates such as ethylene glycol, methoxytetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol
- acrylamides such as N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide
- aminoalkylacrylates such as N,N-dimethylaminoethylacrylate and N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylate
- polyvalent acrylates of polyhydric alcohols e.g.
- hexanediol trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tris-hydroxyethyl isocyanurate) and ethylene oxide adducts, propylene oxide adducts or ⁇ -caprolactone adducts of these polyhydric alcohols; polyvalent acrylates such as phenoxyacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate and ethylene oxide adducts or propylene oxide adducts of these phenols; polyvalent acrylates of glycidyl ethers such as glycerin diglycidyl ether, glycerin triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether and triglycidyl isocyanate.
- polyvalent acrylates such as phenoxyacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate and ethylene oxide adducts or propylene oxide adducts of these phenols
- examples also include acrylates and melamine acrylates that are obtained by direct acrylation or diisocyanate-mediated urethane acrylation of a polyol such as polyether polyol, polycarbonate diol, hydroxyl group-terminated polybutadiene or polyester polyol; and methacrylates corresponding to the above-described acrylates.
- a polyol such as polyether polyol, polycarbonate diol, hydroxyl group-terminated polybutadiene or polyester polyol
- methacrylates corresponding to the above-described acrylates.
- Such epoxy acrylate-based resins are capable of improving the photocuring property of the photosensitive resin composition without impairing the dryness to touch.
- the content of the above-described compound having a plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule which is used as a photosensitive monomer is preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 70 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the above-described content is less than 5 parts by mass, the photocuring property of the photosensitive resin composition is impaired, so that it may become difficult form a pattern by development with an alkali after irradiation with an active energy beam.
- the content is higher than 100 parts by mass, the dryness to touch (tack-free performance) as well as the resolution may be deteriorated.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention comprise a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin.
- the photosensitive carboxylic acid resin has, in addition to a carboxyl group, an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the molecule.
- an ethylenically unsaturated double bond one which is originated from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a derivative thereof is preferred.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin in which an epoxy resin is not used as its starting material is also preferred.
- Such a carboxyl group-containing resin in which an epoxy resin is not used as its starting material contains very small amount of halide ion; therefore, the environmental effects and deterioration of the insulation reliability of the resulting cured film can be reduced.
- the amount of the photosensitive resin composition to be added be adjusted in such a manner that the amount of halogen is not increased.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin obtained by copolymerization of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth)acrylic acid, an unsaturated group-containing compound such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, a lower alkyl (meth)acry late or isobutylene and the above-described photosensitive monomer.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin having a (meth)acrylated terminal which is obtained by adding a compound having one hydroxyl group and one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule, such as hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, during the synthesis of a carboxyl group-containing urethane resin by a polyaddition reaction of a diisocyanate (e.g. an aliphatic diisocyanate, a branched aliphatic diisocyanate, an alicyclic diisocyanate or an aromatic diisocyanate), a carboxyl group-containing dialcohol compound (e.g.
- a diisocyanate e.g. an aliphatic diisocyanate, a branched aliphatic diisocyanate, an alicyclic diisocyanate or an aromatic diisocyanate
- a carboxyl group-containing dialcohol compound e.g.
- dimethylol propionic acid or dimethylol butanoic acid and a diol compound
- a diol compound e.g. a polycarbonate-based polyol, a polyether-based polyol, a polyester-based polyol, a polyolefin-based polyol, an acrylic polyol, a bisphenol A-type alkylene oxide adduct diol or a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group
- photosensitive carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin photosensitive carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin having a (meth)acrylated terminal which is obtained by adding a compound having one hydroxyl group and one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule, such as hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, during the synthesis of a terminal carboxyl group-containing urethane resin where an acid anhydride is allowed to react with a terminal of a urethane resin by a polyaddition reaction of a diisocyanate compound (e.g. an aliphatic diisocyanate, a branched aliphatic diisocyanate, an alicyclic diisocyanate or an aromatic diisocyanate) and a diol compound (e.g.
- a diisocyanate compound e.g. an aliphatic diisocyanate, a branched aliphatic diisocyanate, an alicyclic diisocyanate or an aromatic diisocyanate
- a diol compound e.
- a polycarbonate-based polyol a polyether-based polyol, a polyester-based polyol, a polyolefin-based polyol, an acrylic polyol, a bisphenol A-type alkylene oxide adduct diol or a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group) (photosensitive carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin).
- a bifunctional epoxy resin such as a bisphenol A-type epoxy resin, a hydrogenated bisphenol A-type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F-type epoxy resin, a bisphenol S-type epoxy resin, a bixylenol-type epoxy resin or a biphenol-type epoxy resin
- a carboxyl group-containing dialcohol compound such as a diol compound (photosensitive carb
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin having a (meth)acrylated terminal which is obtained by adding a compound having one hydroxyl group and one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule, such as hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, during the synthesis of the resin described in the above (4) (photosensitive carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin).
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin having a (meth)acrylated terminal which is obtained by adding a compound having one isocyanate group and one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule, such as an equimolar reaction product of isophorone diisocyanate and pentaerythritol triacrylate, during the synthesis of the resin described in the above (2) or (4) (photosensitive carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin).
- a dibasic acid anhydride such as a phthalic anhydride, a tetrahydrophthalic anhydride or a hexahydrophthalic anhydride
- a photosensitive carboxyl group-containing resin prepared by allowing a multifunctional epoxy resin, which is obtained by further epoxidating a hydroxyl group of a bifunctional (solid) epoxy resin with epichlorohydrin, to react with (meth)acrylic acid and then adding a dibasic acid anhydride to the resulting hydroxyl group.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin obtained by allowing the later-described bifunctional oxetane resin to react with a dicarboxylic acid and then adding a dibasic acid anhydride to the resulting primary hydroxyl group.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin obtained by allowing a reaction product between a compound having a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups in one molecule and an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to react with an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid and then allowing the thus obtained reaction product to react with a polybasic acid anhydride.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin obtained by allowing a reaction product between a compound having a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups in one molecule and a cyclic carbonate compound such as ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate to react with an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid and then allowing the thus obtained reaction product to react with a polybasic acid anhydride.
- a photosensitive carboxylic acid resin obtained by allowing an epoxy compound having a plurality of epoxy groups in one molecule to react with a compound having at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group and one phenolic hydroxyl group in one molecule, such as p-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol, and an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid such as (meth)acrylic acid, and then allowing the alcoholic hydroxyl group(s) of the resulting reaction product to react with a polybasic acid anhydride such as a maleic anhydride, a tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, a trimellitic anhydride, a pyromellitic anhydride or adipic acid.
- a polybasic acid anhydride such as a maleic anhydride, a tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, a trimellitic anhydride, a pyromellitic anhydride or adipic acid.
- a compound having one epoxy group and one or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate or ⁇ -methylglycidyl (meth)acrylate
- a carboxyl group-containing urethane resin composed of a diisocyanate in which an isocyanate group of an isocyanate group-containing component (including diisocyanate) is not directly bound to a benzene ring, yellowing is inhibited, and such carboxyl group-containing urethane resin is effective for masking and absorbs only a small amount of UV ray; therefore, it is characterized by having excellent resolution and low warping property when made into an alkali developable composition.
- (meth)acrylate is a general term for acrylates, methacrylates and mixtures thereof and this is hereinafter applicable to all similar expressions.
- photosensitive carboxylic acid resins described in the above have a number of carboxyl groups in the side chain of the backbone polymer, they can be developed with an aqueous alkaline solution.
- the above-described photosensitive carboxylic acid resin has an acid value in the range of preferably 20 to 200 mg KOH/g, more preferably 40 to 150 mg KOH/g.
- the acid value of the photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is less than 20 mg KOH/g, a coating film having adhesion property may not be attained and development with an alkali may become difficult.
- the acid value is higher than 200 mg KOH/g, since the developing solution further dissolves an exposed part, the resulting lines may become excessively thin and in some cases, the exposed and non-exposed parts may be indistinctively dissolved and detached by the developing solution, making it difficult to draw a normal resist pattern.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the above-described photosensitive carboxylic acid resin varies depending on the resin skeleton; however, in general, it is preferably 2,000 to 150,000.
- the weight-average molecular weight is less than 2,000, the tack-free performance may be poor and the moisture resistance of the resulting coating film after exposure may be deteriorated to cause a reduction in the film during development, which may greatly impair the resolution.
- the weight-average molecular weight is greater than 150,000, the developing property may be markedly deteriorated and the storage stability may be impaired.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is more preferably 5,000 to 100,000.
- the content of the above-described photosensitive carboxylic acid resin is preferably not higher than 90 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 80 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention comprise a photopolymerization initiator.
- a photopolymerization initiator any known photopolymerization initiator may be employed; however, preferred thereamong are oxime ester-based photopolymerization initiators having an oxime ester group, ⁇ -aminoacetophenone-based photopolymerization initiators and acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiators. These photopolymerization initiators may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- Examples of commercially available products of the oxime ester-based photopolymerization initiators include CGI-325, IRGACURE® OXE01 and IRGACURE OXE02, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.; and N-1919 and ADEKA ARKLS® NCI-831, which are manufactured by ADEKA Corporation.
- a photopolymerization initiator having two oxime ester groups in one molecule may also be suitably used and specific examples thereof include oxime ester compounds having a carbazole structure represented by the following Formula (2):
- X represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a phenyl group (which is substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group or dialkylamino group having an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms) or a naphthyl group (which is substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an amino group, or an alkylamino group or dialkylamino group having an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms); Y and Z each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a halogen group, a phenyl
- a preferred oxime ester-based photopolymerization initiator is one in which, in the above-described Formula, X and Y are each a methyl group or an ethyl group, Z is a methyl or a phenyl, n is 0 and Ar is a phenylene, a naphthylene, a thiophene or a thienylene.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the content is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the photocuring property on copper is insufficient, which may cause detachment of the resulting coating film and deteriorate the properties of the coating film such as chemical resistance.
- the content is higher than 5 parts by mass, light absorption on the surface of solder resist coating film becomes intense, so that the curing property in the deep portion of the coating film tends to be impaired.
- the content of the oxime ester-based photopolymerization initiator is more preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- ⁇ -aminoacetophenone-based photopolymerization initiator examples include 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropanone-1,2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-butane-1-one, 2-(dimethylamino)-2-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-1-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-1-butanone and N,N-dimethylaminoacetophenone.
- Examples of commercially available ⁇ -aminoacetophenone-based photopolymerization initiator examples include IRGACURE 907, IRGACURE 369 and IRGACURE 379, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator examples include 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide and bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide.
- examples of commercially available acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator include LUCIRIN® TPO and IRGACURE 819, which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the content is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the photocuring property on copper is insufficient, which may cause detachment of the resulting coating film and deteriorate the properties of the coating film such as chemical resistance.
- the content is higher than 15 parts by mass, sufficient outgas-reducing effect cannot be attained and light absorption on the surface of the resulting coating film becomes intense, so that the curing property in the deep portion of the coating film tends to be impaired.
- the content is more preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- a photoinitiator aid or a sensitizer in addition to the above-described photopolymerization initiator, can also be suitably used.
- the photoinitiator aid or the sensitizer include benzoin compounds, acetophenone compounds, anthraquinone compounds, thioxanthone compounds, ketal compounds, benzophenone compounds, tertiary amine compounds and xanthone compounds. These compounds may be used as a photopolymerization initiator in some cases; however, they are preferably used in combination with a photopolymerization initiator. Further, these photoinitiator aids or sensitizers may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- benzoin compounds examples include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether and benzoin isopropyl ether.
- acetophenone compounds include acetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone, 2,2-diethoxy-2-phenyl acetophenone and 1,1-dichloroacetophenone.
- anthraquinone compounds examples include 2-methylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-t-butylanthraquinone and 1-chloroanthraquinone.
- thioxanthone compounds examples include 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone and 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone.
- ketal compounds examples include acetophenone dimethyl ketal and benzyldimethyl ketal.
- benzophenone compounds examples include benzophenone, 4-benzoyldiphenylsulfide, 4-benzoyl-4′-methyldiphenylsulfide, 4-benzoyl-4′-ethyldiphenylsulfide and 4-benzoyl-4′-propyldiphenylsulfide.
- tertiary amine compounds include ethanolamine compounds and compounds having a dialkylaminobenzene structure
- examples of commercially available products thereof include dialkylaminobenzophenones such as 4,4′-dimethylaminobenzophenone (NISSO CURE (registered trademark) MABP manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) and 4,4′-diethylaminobenzophenone (EAB manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.); dialkylamino group-containing coumarin compounds such as 7-(diethylamino)-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (7-(diethylamino)-4-methylcoumarin); ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (KAYACURE® (registered trademark) EPA manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.); ethyl-2-dimethylaminobenzoate (QUANTACURE DMB manufactured by International BioSynthetics
- Preferred tertiary amino compounds are those compounds having a dialkylaminobenzene structure and particularly preferred thereamong are dialkylaminobenzophenone compounds as well as dialkylamino group-containing coumarin compounds and ketocumarins that have the maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 350 to 450 nm.
- dialkylaminobenzophenone compound 4,4′-di ethylaminobenzophenone is preferred because of its low toxicity. Since a dialkylamino group-containing coumarin compound has the maximum absorption wavelength in the ultraviolet region of 350 to 410 nm, it causes little coloration, so that it becomes possible to obtain not only a colorless and transparent photosensitive composition, but also a colored solder resist film which exhibits the color of a coloring pigment itself when a coloring pigment is used. In particular, 7-(diethylamino)-4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one is preferred since it exhibits excellent sensitization effect to a laserbeam having a wavelength of 400 to 410 nm.
- thioxanthone compounds and tertiary amine compounds are preferred.
- the curing property in the deep portion of the coating film can be improved.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the content of the photoinitiator aid or the sensitizer is less than 0.1 parts by mass, sufficient sensitization effect tends not to be attained.
- the content is higher than 20 parts by mass, light absorption by a tertiary amine compound on the surface of the coating film becomes intense, so that the curing property in the deep portion of the coating film tends to be impaired.
- the content of the photoinitiator aid or the sensitizer is more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the total amount of the photopolymerization initiator, the photoinitiator aid and the sensitizer be not greater than 35 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the amount is greater than 35 parts by mass, the curing property in the deep portion of the coating film tends to be impaired due to the light absorption by these components.
- photopolymerization initiator, photoinitiator aid and sensitizer absorb a light having a specific wavelength, they may reduce the sensitivity of the photosensitive resin composition in some cases and function as an UV absorber. However, these components are not used solely for the purpose of improving the sensitivity of the composition.
- photopolymerization initiator, photoinitiator aid and sensitizer are, as required, capable of absorbing a light having a specific wavelength to change the line shape and opening of the resulting resist to a vertical-form, taper-form or reverse taper-form and improve the processing accuracy of the line width and opening size.
- a known and commonly used N-phenylglycine, phenoxyacetate, thiophenoxyacetate, mercaptothiazole or the like may be used as a chain transfer agent.
- chain transfer agent examples include chain transfer agents having a carboxyl group, such as mercaptosuccinic acid, mercaptoacetic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, methionine, cysteine, thiosalicylic acid and derivatives thereof; chain transfer agents having a hydroxyl group, such as mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, mercaptobutanol, mercaptopropanediol, mercaptobutanediol, hydroxybenzenethiol and derivatives thereof; 1-butanethiol; butyl-3-mercaptopropionate; methyl-3-mercaptopropionate; 2,2-(ethylenedioxy)diethanethiol; ethanethiol; 4-methylbenzenethiol; dodecylmercaptan; propanethiol; butanethiol; pentanethiol; 1-octanethiol; cyclopentanethiol
- a multifunctional mercaptan-based compound may also be employed.
- the multifunctional mercaptan-based compound include aliphatic thiols such as hexane-1,6-dithiol, decane-1,10-dithiol, dimercaptodiethyl ether and dimercaptodiethyl sulfide; aromatic thiols such as xylylene dimercaptan, 4,4′-dimercaptodiphenyl sulfide and 1,4-benzenedithiol; polymercaptoacetates of polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol bis(mercaptoacetate), polyethylene glycol bis(mercaptoacetate), propylene glycol bis(mercaptoacetate), glycerin tris(mercaptoacetate), trimethylolethane tris(mercaptoacetate), trimethylolpropane tris(mercaptoacetate), pentaerythr
- chain transfer agents examples include BMPA, MPM, EHMP, NOMP, MBMP, STMP, TMMP, PEMP, DPMP and TEMPIC (all of which are manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.); and KARENZ MT-PE1, KARENZ MT-BD1 and KARENZ NR1 (which are manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.).
- a heterocyclic compound having a mercapto group may also be employed.
- the heterocyclic compound having a mercapto group include mercapto-4-butyrolactone (synonym: 2-mercapto-4-butanolide), 2-mercapto-4-methyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-ethyl-4-butyrolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrothiolactone, 2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-methoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-ethoxy-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-methyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-(2-methoxy)ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, N-(2-ethoxy)ethyl-2-mercapto-4-butyrolactam, 2-mercapto
- chain transfer agents may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- a compound having a plurality of isocyanate groups or blocked isocyanate groups in one molecule may be added.
- examples thereof include compounds having a plurality of isocyanate groups in one molecule, that is, polyisocyanate compounds; and compounds having a plurality of blocked isocyanate groups in one molecule, that is, blocked isocyanate compounds.
- an aromatic polyisocyanate for example, an aromatic polyisocyanate, an aliphatic polyisocyanate or an alicyclic polyisocyanate may be employed.
- aromatic polyisocyanate include 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, o-xylylene diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate and 2,4-tolylene dimer.
- aliphatic polyisocyanate examples include tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, methylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene bis(cyclohexylisocyanate) and isophorone diisocyanate.
- alicyclic polyisocyanate examples include bicycloheptane triisocyanate.
- examples of the above-described polyisocyanate compound also include adducts, biurets and isocyanurates of the above-described isocyanate compounds.
- the blocked isocyanate groups contained in the blocked isocyanate compound are groups in which isocyanate groups are protected and thus temporarily inactivated by a reaction with a blocking agent.
- the blocked isocyanate compound is heated to a prescribed temperature, the blocking agent is dissociated to yield isocyanate groups.
- the blocked isocyanate compound a product of an addition reaction between an isocyanate compound and an isocyanate blocking agent is employed.
- an isocyanate compound which can undergo reaction with a blocking agent include isocyanurate-type, biuret-type and adduct-type isocyanate compounds.
- this isocyanate compound for example, an aromatic polyisocyanate, an aliphatic polyisocyanate or an alicyclic polyisocyanate is used. Specific examples thereof include those compounds that are exemplified in the above.
- isocyanate blocking agent examples include phenolic blocking agents such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, chlorophenol and ethylphenol; lactam-based blocking agents such as ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam and ⁇ -propiolactam; activated methylene-based blocking agents such as ethyl acetoacetate and acetylacetone; alcohol-based blocking agents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, amyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, benzyl ether, methyl glycolate, butyl glycolate, diacetone alcohol, methyl lactate and ethyl lactate; oxime-based blocking agents such as formaldehyde oxime, acetaldoxime,
- the blocked isocyanate compound may be a commercially available product and examples thereof include SUMIDUR BL-3175, BL-4165, BL-1100 and BL-1265, DESMODUR TPLS-2957, TPLS-2062, TPLS-2078 and TPLS-2117, and DESMOTHERM 2170 and 2265 (all of which are manufactured by Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd.; trade names); CORONATE 2512, CORONATE 2513 and CORONATE 2520 (all of which are Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.; trade names); B-830, B-815, B-846, B-870, B-874 and B-882 (all of which are manufactured by Mitsui Takeda Chemicals Inc.; trade names); and TPA-B80E, 17B-60PX and E402-B80T (all of which are manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation; trade names). It is noted here that SUMIDUR BL-3175 and BL-42
- the above-described compounds having a plurality of isocyanate groups or blocked isocyanate groups in one molecule may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- the content of such compound(s) having a plurality of isocyanate groups or blocked isocyanate groups in one molecule is 1 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 70 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the content is less than 1 part by mass, a coating film having sufficient toughness may not be obtained.
- the content is higher than 100 parts by mass, the storage stability may be reduced.
- a urethanation catalyst may be added in order to facilitate the curing reaction between a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group and an isocyanate group. It is preferred that at least one urethanation catalyst selected from the group consisting of tin-based catalysts, metal chlorides, metal acetylacetates, metal sulfates, amine compounds and amine salts be used.
- tin-based catalysts examples include organic and inorganic tin compounds such as stannous octoate and dibutyltin dilaurate.
- metal chlorides examples include those composed of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu or Al, such as cobalt (II) chloride, nickelous chloride and ferric chloride.
- metal acetylacetonates include those composed of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu or Al, such as cobalt acetylacetonate, nickel acetylacetonate and iron acetylacetonate.
- metal sulfates examples include those composed of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu or Al, such as copper sulfate.
- Examples of the above-described amine compounds include triethylenediamine, N,N,N,N′-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentamethyl diethylenetriamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, dimorpholinodiethyl ether, N-methylimidazole, dimethylaminopyridine, triazine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N,N,N′-trimethyl-bis(2-aminoethyl)ether, N,N-dimethylhexanolamine, N,N-dimethylaminoethoxy ethanol, N,N,N-trimethyl-N′-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N,N,N′′,N′′-tetramethyl diethylenetri
- Examples of the above-described amine salts include organic acid-based amine salts of DBU (1,8-diaza-bicyclo[5.4.0]undecene-7).
- the content of the above-described urethanation catalyst is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 10.0 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- thermosetting component for example, an amino resin such as a melamine derivative or a benzoguanamine derivative
- thermosetting component examples include methylol melamine compounds, methylol benzoguanamine compounds, methylol glycoluril compounds, methylol urea compounds, alkoxymethylated melamine compounds, alkoxymethylated benzoguanamine compounds, alkoxymethylated glycoluril compound and alkoxymethylated urea compounds.
- the type of the alkoxymethyl group of the above-described compounds is not particularly restricted and examples thereof include a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxymethyl group, a propoxymethyl group and a butoxymethyl group.
- a melamine derivative having a formalin concentration of not higher than 0.2% which is not harmful to human body and environment.
- the above-described thermosetting components may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- thermosetting components examples include CYMEL 300, 301, 303, 370, 325, 327, 701, 266, 267, 238, 1141, 272, 202, 1156, 1158, 1123, 1170, 1174, UFR65 and 300 (all of which are manufactured by Mitsui Cyanamid Co., Ltd.); and NIKALAC Mx-750, Mx-032, Mx-270, Mx-280, Mx-290, Mx-706, Mx-708, Mx-40, Mx-31, Ms-11, Mw-30, Mw-30HM, Mw-390, Mw-100LM and Mw-750LM (all of which are manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- thermosetting catalyst examples include imidazole derivatives such as imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 4-phenylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenylimidazole and 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole; amine compounds such as dicyandiamide, benzyldimethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, 4-methoxy-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine and 4-methyl-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine; hydrazine compounds such as adipic acid dihydrazide and se
- thermosetting catalyst examples include 2MZ-A, 2MZ-OK, 2PHZ, 2P4BHZ and 2P4 MHZ (all of which are imidazole-based compounds; trade names), which are manufactured by Shikoku Chemicals Corporation; and U-CAT (registered trademark) 3503N and U-CAT 3502T (both of which are blocked isocyanate compounds of dimethylamine; trade names) and DBU, DBN, U-CATSA102 and U-CAT5002 (which are bicyclic amidine compounds or salts thereof), which are manufactured by San-Apro Ltd.
- thermosetting catalyst is not particularly restricted to these and it may be a thermosetting catalyst of an epoxy resin or an oxetane compound, or any compound which facilitates the reaction of an epoxy group and/or an oxetanyl group with a carboxyl group.
- thermosetting catalysts may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- a S-triazine derivative such as guanamine, acetoguanamine, benzoguanamine, melamine, 2,4-diamino-6-methacryloyloxyethyl-5-triazine, 2-vinyl-2,4-diamino-5-triazine, 2-vinyl-4,6-diamino-5-triazine isocyanuric acid adduct or 2,4-diamino-6-methacryloyloxyethyl-5-triazine isocyanuric acid adduct, may also be used.
- such a compound which also functions as an adhesion-imparting agent is used in combination with the above-described thermosetting catalyst.
- thermosetting catalyst(s) is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15.0 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- an adhesion promoting agent may be used in order to improve the interlayer adhesion or adhesion between a photosensitive resin layer and a substrate.
- the adhesion promoting agent include benzoimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (trade name: ACCEL M; manufactured by Kawaguchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 3-morpholinomethyl-1-phenyl-triazole-2-thione, 5-amino-3-morpholinomethyl-thiazole-2-thi one, 2-mercapto-5-methylthio-thiadiazole, triazole, tetrazole, benzotriazole, carboxybenzotriazole, amino group-containing benzotriazole and silane coupling agents.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention may also comprise a colorant.
- a colorant for example, a commonly used and known red, blue, green, yellow or white colorant may be employed and it may be any of a pigment, a stain or a dye.
- Specific examples of the colorant include those assigned with the following Color Index numbers (C.I.; issued by The Society of Dyers and Colourists).
- C.I. Color Index numbers
- a green colorant containing a halogen such as chlorinated phthalocyanine green.
- red colorant examples include monoazo-type, disazo-type, azo lake-type, benzimidazolone-type, perylene-type, diketopyrrolopyrrole-type, condensed azo-type, anthraquinone-type and quinacridone-type red colorants and specific examples thereof include the followings.
- Monoazo-type Pigment Red 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 31, 32, 112, 114, 146, 147, 151, 170, 184, 187, 188, 193, 210, 245, 253, 258, 266, 267, 268 and 269.
- Disazo-type Pigment Red 37, 38 and 41.
- Monoazo lake-type Pigment Red 48:1, 48:2, 48:3, 48:4, 49:1, 49:2, 50:1, 52:1, 52:2, 53:1, 53:2, 57:1, 58:4, 63:1, 63:2, 64:1 and 68.
- Benzimidazolone-type Pigment Red 171, Pigment Red 175, Pigment Red 176, Pigment Red 185 and Pigment Red 208.
- Diketopyrrolopyrrole-type Pigment Red 254, Pigment Red 255, Pigment Red 264, Pigment Red 270 and Pigment Red 272.
- Condensed azo-type Pigment Red 220, Pigment Red 144, Pigment Red 166, Pigment Red 214, Pigment Red 220, Pigment Red 221 and Pigment Red 242.
- Anthraquinone-type Pigment Red 168, Pigment Red 177, Pigment Red 216, Solvent Red 149, Solvent Red 150, Solvent Red 52 and Solvent Red 207.
- blue colorant examples include phthalocyanine-type and anthraquinone-type blue colorants and examples of pigment-type blue colorant include those compounds that are classified into pigment. Specific examples include Pigment Blue 15, Pigment Blue 15:1, Pigment Blue 15:2, Pigment Blue 15:3, Pigment Blue 15:4, Pigment Blue 15:6, Pigment Blue 16 and Pigment Blue 60.
- Solvent Blue 35 Solvent Blue 63, Solvent Blue 68, Solvent Blue 70, Solvent Blue 83, Solvent Blue 87, Solvent Blue 94, Solvent Blue 97, Solvent Blue 122, Solvent Blue 136, Solvent Blue 67 and Solvent Blue 70 can be used.
- a metal-substituted or unsubstituted phthalocyanine compound can be used as well.
- examples of green colorant include phthalocyanine-type, anthraquinone-type and perylene-type green colorants and specifically, for example, Pigment Green 7, Pigment Green 36, Solvent Green 3, Solvent Green 5, Solvent Green 20 and Solvent Green 28 can be used.
- a metal-substituted or unsubstituted phthalocyanine compound can be used as well.
- yellow colorant examples include monoazo-type, disazo-type, condensed azo-type, benzimidazolone-type, isoindolinone-type and anthraquinone-type yellow colorants and specific examples thereof include the followings.
- Anthraquinone-type Solvent Yellow 163, Pigment Yellow 24, Pigment Yellow 108, Pigment Yellow 193, Pigment Yellow 147, Pigment Yellow 199 and Pigment Yellow 202.
- Isoindolinone-type Pigment Yellow 110, Pigment Yellow 109, Pigment Yellow 139, Pigment Yellow 179 and Pigment Yellow 185.
- Condensed azo-type Pigment Yellow 93, Pigment Yellow 94, Pigment Yellow 95, Pigment Yellow 128, Pigment Yellow 155, Pigment Yellow 166 and Pigment Yellow 180.
- Benzimidazolone-type Pigment Yellow 120, Pigment Yellow 151, Pigment Yellow 154, Pigment Yellow 156, Pigment Yellow 175 and Pigment Yellow 181.
- Monoazo-type Pigment Yellow 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 61, 62, 62:1, 65, 73, 74, 75, 97, 100, 104, 105, 111, 116, 167, 168, 169, 182 and 183.
- Disazo-type Pigment Yellow 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 55, 63, 81, 83, 87, 126, 127, 152, 170, 172, 174, 176, 188 and 198.
- a violet, orange, brown or black colorant may also be added in order to adjust the color tone.
- Pigment Violet 19, 23, 29, 32, 36, 38 and 42 Solvent Violet 13 and 36, C.I. Pigment Orange 1, C.I. Pigment Orange 5, C.I. Pigment Orange 13, C.I. Pigment Orange 14, C.I. Pigment Orange 16, C.I. Pigment Orange 17, C.I. Pigment Orange 24, C.I. Pigment Orange 34, C.I. Pigment Orange 36, C.I. Pigment Orange 38, C.I. Pigment Orange 40, C.I. Pigment Orange 43, C.I. Pigment Orange 46, C.I. Pigment Orange 49, C.I. Pigment Orange 51, C.I. Pigment Orange 61, C.I. Pigment Orange 63, C.I. Pigment Orange 64, C.I. Pigment Orange 71, C.I. Pigment Orange 73, C.I. Pigment Brown 23, C.I. Pigment Brown 25, C.I. Pigment Black 1 and C.I. Pigment Black 7.
- the content of the colorant is not particularly restricted; however, it is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the above-described total carboxylic acid resins.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention may also comprise an organic solvent for the purpose of synthesizing the above-described non-photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, preparing the composition or adjusting the viscosity for coating onto a substrate or a carrier film.
- Examples of such an organic solvent include ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, glycol ether acetates, esters, alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons and petroleum-based solvents. More specific examples thereof include ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene and tetramethylbenzene; glycol ethers such as cellosolve, methylcellosolve, butylcellosolve, carbitol, methylcarbitol, butylcarbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol diethyl ether and triethylene glycol monoethyl ether; esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol ethyl
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention may also comprise, in order to inhibit oxidation thereof, an antioxidant such as a radical scavenger which deactivates generated radicals or a peroxide decomposer which decomposes generated peroxide into a non-toxic substance and prevents generation of new radicals.
- an antioxidant such as a radical scavenger which deactivates generated radicals or a peroxide decomposer which decomposes generated peroxide into a non-toxic substance and prevents generation of new radicals.
- the antioxidant used in the preset invention is capable of inhibiting oxidative degradation and yellowing of a resin and the like. Further, by adding such an antioxidant, in addition to these effects, for example, halation caused by photocuring reaction of the photosensitive resin composition can be prevented and the opening shape can be stabilized, so that it becomes possible to improve the process margin for the preparation of the photosensitive resin composition.
- Such antioxidant may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- antioxidant which functions as a radical scavenger
- examples of the antioxidant which functions as a radical scavenger include phenolic compounds such as hydroquinone, 4-t-butylcatechol, 2-t-butylhydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 2,2-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl)butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene and 1,3,5-tris(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-S-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)trione; quinone-based compounds such as metaquinone and benzoquinone; and amine-based compounds such as bis(2,2,
- Examples of commercially available products of these compounds include ADEKA STAB AO-30, ADEKA STAB AO-330, ADEKA STAB AO-20, ADEKA STAB LA-77, ADEKA STAB LA-57, ADEKA STAB LA-67, ADEKA STAB LA-68 and ADEKA STAB LA-87 (all of which are manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, trade names); and IRGANOX 1010, IRGANOX 1035, IRGANOX 1076, IRGANOX 1135, TINUVIN 111FDL, TINUVIN 123, TINUVIN 144, TINUVIN 152, TINUVIN 292 and TINUVIN 5100 (all of which are manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc., trade names).
- antioxidant functioning as a peroxide decomposer examples include phosphorus-based compounds such as triphenylphosphite and sulfur-based compounds such as pentaerythritol tetralauryl thiopropionate, dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate.
- sulfur-based compounds such as pentaerythritol tetralauryl thiopropionate, dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate.
- examples of commercially available products of these compounds include ADEKA STAB TPP (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation; trade name), MARK AO-412S (manufactured by Adeka Argus Chemical Co., Ltd.; trade name) and SUMILIZER TPS (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.; trade name).
- the content thereof is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- the content of the antioxidant is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the above-described effects of adding the antioxidant may not be attained.
- the antioxidant is blended in a large amount of more than 10 parts by mass, there are risks that photoreaction is inhibited, development with an aqueous alkaline solution becomes defective, the tack property is deteriorated and the physical properties of the resulting coating film are impaired; therefore, such a large amount of the antioxidant is not preferred.
- a heat resistance stabilizer may also be added to the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention.
- heat resistance stabilizer examples include phosphorus-based, hydroxylamine-based and sulfur-based heat resistance stabilizers.
- examples of commercially available products of these heat resistance stabilizers include IRGAFOX 168, IRGAFOX 12, IRGAFOX 38, IRGASTAB PUR 68, IRGASTAB PVC76, IRGASTAB FS301FF, IRGASTAB FS110, IRGASTAB FS210FF, IRGASTAB FS410FF, IRGANOX PS800FD, IRGANOX PS802FD, RECYCLOSTAB 411, RECYCLOSTAB 451AR, RECYCLOSSORB 550 and RECYCLOBLEND 660 (all of which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.; trade names).
- the above-described heat resistance stabilizers may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- the content thereof is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of total carboxylic acid resins.
- an UV absorber may be used in addition to the above-described antioxidant.
- UV absorber examples include benzophenone derivatives, benzoate derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, cinnamate derivatives, anthranilate derivatives and dibenzoylmethane derivatives.
- benzophenone derivatives include 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone, 2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone.
- benzoate derivatives include 2-ethylhexylsalicylate, phenylsalicylate, p-t-butylphenylsalicylate, 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and hexadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
- benzotriazole derivatives include 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-t-butylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5′-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-di-t-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-di-t-amylphenyl)benzotriazole.
- triazine derivatives include hydroxyphenyltriazine and bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine.
- UV absorber examples include TINUVIN PS, TINUVIN 99-2, TINUVIN 109, TINUVIN 384-2, TINUVIN 900, TINUVIN 928, TINUVIN 1130, TINUVIN 400, TINUVIN 405, TINUVIN 460 and TINUVIN 479 (all of which are manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.; trade names).
- UV absorbers may be used individually, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- a cured product obtained from the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention can be stabilized.
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention may further comprise, as required, a thixo agent such as fine powder silica, organic bentonite, montmorillonite or hydrotalcite.
- a thixo agent such as fine powder silica, organic bentonite, montmorillonite or hydrotalcite.
- organic bentonite and hydrotalcite are preferred because of their excellent stability with time and hydrotalcite is particularly preferred since it has excellent electrical characteristics.
- an additive(s) that are known and commonly used, such as a thermal polymerization inhibitor, a silicone-based, fluorine-based or polymer-based antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a corrosion inhibitor and/or a bisphenol-based or triazinethiol-based copper inhibitor, may also be added.
- the above-described thermal polymerization inhibitor can be used to inhibit thermal polymerization or polymerization with time of the above-described polymerizable compound.
- the thermal polymerization inhibitor include 4-methoxyphenol, hydroquinone, alkyl- or aryl-substituted hydroquinone, t-butylcatechol, pyrogallol, 2-hydroxybenzophenone, 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, cuprous chloride, phenothiazine, chloranil, naphthylamine, f3-naphthol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-cresol, 2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), pyridine, nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene, picric acid, 4-toluidine, methylene blue, a reaction product between copper and an organic chelating agent, methyl salicylate and a chelate between phenothiazine, a nitroso compound
- the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is, for example, after being adjusted with the above-described organic solvent to have a viscosity suitable for a coating method, applied onto a substrate by a dip coating method, a flow coating method, a roll coating method, a bar coater method, a screen printing method, a curtain coating method or the like and then heated at a temperature of about 60 to 100° C. to dry the organic solvent contained in the composition by evaporation (predrying), thereby a tack-free coating film can be formed.
- a resin insulation layer can be formed by pasting the dry film onto a substrate using a laminator or the like such that the photosensitive resin composition layer and the substrate are in contact with each other and then removing the carrier film.
- a resist pattern is formed by selectively exposing the resultant to an active energy beam through a patterned photomask by a contact (or non-contact) method or directly exposing the resultant to a pattern using a laser direct exposure apparatus, and then developing the resulting non-exposed part with a dilute aqueous alkaline solution (for example, 0.3 to 3 wt % aqueous sodium carbonate solution).
- a dilute aqueous alkaline solution for example, 0.3 to 3 wt % aqueous sodium carbonate solution.
- the composition comprises a thermosetting component, for example, by heating the composition to a temperature of about 140 to 180° C.
- the carboxyl group of the above-described carboxylic acid resin undergoes reaction with the thermosetting component, thereby a cured coating film having a variety of excellent properties such as heat resistance, chemical resistance, moisture resistance, adhesion property and electrical properties can be formed.
- a heat treatment thermal curing
- Examples of the above-described substrate include, in addition to printed wiring boards and flexible printed wiring boards in which a circuit is formed in advance, copper-clad laminates of all grades (for example, FR-4), for example, copper-clad laminates for high-frequency circuit that are composed of a material such as paper phenol, paper epoxy, glass fabric epoxy, glass polyimide, glass fabric/nonwoven epoxy, glass fabric/paper epoxy, synthetic fiber epoxy or fluorine-polyethylene-PPO-cyanate ester; polyimide films; PET films; glass substrates; ceramic substrates; and wafer plates.
- copper-clad laminates of all grades for example, FR-4
- polyimide films PET films
- glass substrates ceramic substrates
- wafer plates wafer plates
- the drying of the photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention by evaporation which is done after applying the composition onto a substrate, can be carried out using a hot air circulation-type drying oven, an IR oven, a hot plate, a convection oven or the like (a method in which a dryer equipped with a heat source utilizing a steam air-heating system is employed to bring a hot air inside the dryer into contact against the composition or a method in which a hot air is blown against the substrate via a nozzle).
- the resulting coating film is exposed to a light (irradiated with an active energy beam), thereby the exposed area (those parts irradiated with the active energy beam) is cured.
- the exposure apparatus used for the above-described irradiation with an active energy beam may be any apparatus equipped with a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a mercury short arc lamp or the like by which an ultraviolet ray is irradiated in the range of 350 to 450 nm.
- a direct imaging apparatus for example, a laser direct imaging apparatus which utilizes a laser to directly draw an image based on CAD data from a computer
- the laser source of the direct imaging apparatus may either be a gas laser or a solid-state laser as long as the laser beam has a maximum wavelength in the range of 350 to 410 nm.
- the exposure dose for image formation varies depending on the film thickness and the like; however, in general, it may be in the range of 20 to 800 mJ/cm 2 , preferably 20 to 600 mJ/cm 2 .
- the above-described development can be performed by, for example, a dipping method, a shower method, a spray method or a brush method.
- a developing solution an aqueous alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium phosphate, sodium silicate, ammonia, amine or the like can be employed.
- the numbers in parentheses indicate the solid content values. *2 Kaolin; KAOFINE 90 (manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Kaisha, Ltd.) *3 SILLITIN; SILLITIN P87 (manufactured by Hoffmann Mineral GmbH) *4 Aluminum hydroxide; HIGILITE H-42M (manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.) *5 828; liquid bifunctional epoxy resin, EPIKOTE 828 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) *6 N-695; novolac-type epoxy resin, EPICLON N-695 (manufactured by DIC Corporation) *7 M-350; acrylic acid ester of ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) *8 R-2000; photosensitive carboxylic acid resin, UNIDIC R-2000 (solid content: 65%) (manufactured by DIC Corporation)
- the numbers in parentheses indicate the solid content values.
- Pigment Blue 15:3 + Pigment Green 7 + Pigment Yellow 147 1:1:2 *10 IRGACURE 907; ⁇ -aminoacetophenone-based photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) *11 DETX-S; 2,4-diethylthioxanthone (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) *12 DICY; dicyandiamide *13 KS-66; silicone-based antifoaming agent (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) *14 DPM; dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- the photosensitive resin compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples were each applied onto the entire surface of a patterned copper foil substrate by screen printing to a dry film thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
- the resultants were dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes and then allowed to cool to room temperature.
- an exposure apparatus equipped with a high-pressure mercury lamp each of the thus obtained substrates was exposed to a pattern at an optimum exposure dose and then developed with 1 wt % aqueous sodium carbonate solution at 30° C. for 60 seconds at a spray pressure of 0.2 MPa to form a pattern.
- the resulting substrates were each subjected to post-curing at 150° C. for 60 minutes to prepare evaluation substrates on which a cured-product pattern was formed.
- evaluation substrates were used to evaluate the following properties in the manner described below.
- the thus obtained substrates were each coated with a water-soluble flux (W-2704, manufactured by MEC Co., Ltd.) and immersed in a 288° C. solder bath for 15 seconds. Then, the resulting substrates were placed in water of about 60° C. and left to stand for 10 minutes (flux removing step). The substrates were taken out of water and water remaining on the substrate surface was carefully wiped off.
- W-2704, manufactured by MEC Co., Ltd. a water-soluble flux
- the evaluation substrates were each plated in a commercially available electroless nickel plating bath and electroless gold plating bath at a temperature of 80 to 90° C. to a nickel thickness of 5 ⁇ m and a gold thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m.
- the evaluation criteria were as follows. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- a cured film sample was prepared by an ordinary process. This sample was subjected to a combustion treatment at 900° C. and the generated gas was collected in a hydrogen peroxide solution. The solution after the gas collection was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by ion chromatography.
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JP (1) | JP2013083961A (zh) |
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Cited By (4)
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CN106198776A (zh) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-12-07 | 江西瑞林稀贵金属科技有限公司 | 测定废旧电路板冶炼烟尘中卤素的方法 |
US20210017410A1 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-01-21 | Taiyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Curable composition for inkjet, cured product of same, and electronic component comprising said cured product |
WO2021180578A1 (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-16 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Negative type photosensitive composition comprising reflectance modifier |
US11614574B2 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2023-03-28 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Coloring composition for solid-state imaging element |
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JP5572737B1 (ja) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-08-13 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 光硬化熱硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、及びプリント配線板 |
JP5643417B1 (ja) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-12-17 | 互応化学工業株式会社 | 白色ソルダーレジスト層の製造方法、白色ソルダーレジスト層、及び白色ソルダーレジスト層の製造に用いられる白色ソルダーレジスト組成物 |
CN105467753B (zh) * | 2014-07-31 | 2020-01-14 | 太阳油墨(苏州)有限公司 | 光固化性热固化性树脂组合物、干膜、固化物、及印刷电路板 |
JP2017212400A (ja) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-11-30 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 樹脂シートおよび回路基板 |
JP7058467B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-20 | 2022-04-22 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 樹脂シートおよび回路基板 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI547759B (zh) | 2016-09-01 |
CN103034052A (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
KR101493567B1 (ko) | 2015-02-13 |
CN104020640A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
KR20130035952A (ko) | 2013-04-09 |
TW201319730A (zh) | 2013-05-16 |
CN103034052B (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
JP2013083961A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
TW201435496A (zh) | 2014-09-16 |
TWI541594B (zh) | 2016-07-11 |
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