US20120168114A1 - Heat exchanger assembly and method for transporting thermal energy - Google Patents

Heat exchanger assembly and method for transporting thermal energy Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120168114A1
US20120168114A1 US13/496,187 US201013496187A US2012168114A1 US 20120168114 A1 US20120168114 A1 US 20120168114A1 US 201013496187 A US201013496187 A US 201013496187A US 2012168114 A1 US2012168114 A1 US 2012168114A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
sewage
heat
pipeline
temperature
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Abandoned
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US13/496,187
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Uhrig
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Uhrig Kanaltechnik GmbH
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Uhrig Kanaltechnik GmbH
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Assigned to UHRIG KANALTECHNIK GMBH reassignment UHRIG KANALTECHNIK GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UHRIG, THOMAS
Publication of US20120168114A1 publication Critical patent/US20120168114A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F7/00—Other installations or implements for operating sewer systems, e.g. for preventing or indicating stoppage; Emptying cesspools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00—District heating systems
    • F24D10/003—Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0012—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/20—Sewage water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/30—Relating to industrial water supply, e.g. used for cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17—District heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger assembly and a method for transporting thermal energy.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger assembly, which is easy to produce and has an improved efficiency at the thermal energy extraction point, as well as a method for transporting thermal energy, which is easy to perform and increases the amount of thermal energy that can be recovered from sewage at the thermal energy extraction point.
  • An aspect of the present invention relates to a heat exchanger assembly to be introduced into a sewage pipeline, comprising:
  • the heat source is thermally connected to the heat sink. That is, thermal energy from the heat source is transferred toward the heat sink by means of the sewage flowing in the sewage pipeline.
  • sewage particularly comprises rainwater, dirty water, and mixed water.
  • the sewage pipeline is understood to be all volumina that contain the sewage, which particularly includes the sewage pipe itself, but also the sewage-technical constructions hydraulically connected thereto, such as weirs, throttles, collecting tanks, strainer devices, lifting systems, auxiliary pipelines, etc.
  • thermal energy is transferred into the sewage present in the sewage pipeline by means of the at least one first heat exchanger.
  • the at least one first heat exchanger located in the sewage pipeline is thermally contacted in order to heat the sewage in the sewage pipeline.
  • the thermal energy is at least partially extracted from the sewage in order to transfer it to the heat sink.
  • the heat source and the heat sink are located outside the sewage pipeline.
  • the at least one first heat exchanger is arranged in a manner spaced from the at least one second heat exchanger in the sewage pipeline.
  • the sewage flows along the sewage flowing direction F from the at least one first heat exchanger to the at least one second heat exchanger, wherein the sewage flowing direction F usually follows the slope of the sewage pipeline.
  • the at least one second heat exchanger with respect to sea level, is arranged deeper than the at least one first heat exchanger, or the second heat exchanger is located downstream of the first heat exchanger.
  • the sewage is conveyed by means of a pumping system or at least one weir against the force of gravity and counter to the slope of the sewage pipeline, so that the sewage flowing direction F and thus the direction “downstream” is determined by the conveying direction of the pumping system.
  • thermal energy can be transported from the heat source to the heat sink in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the heat exchanger assembly according to the invention is easy to produce, even if the distance between the heat source and the heat sink, or the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, is relatively large, since the removal is performed between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger through the already existing sewage pipeline.
  • assembly works are only necessary in the area of the heat source to install the at least one first heat exchanger, as well as in the area of the heat sink to install the at least one second heat exchanger, while the sewage pipeline between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger remains unaffected.
  • the transport of thermal energy by means of the heat exchanger assemblies according to the invention can be performed over distances of a few meters, or approximately 100 m, to several kilometers.
  • the at least one first heat exchanger and/or the at least one second heat exchanger is adapted to be in contact, i.e. at least in thermal contact, with the sewage in the sewage pipeline.
  • the thermal contact designates the transition of thermal energy from the first or second heat exchanger into the sewage and vice versa.
  • the contact can in particular comprise direct wetting of the first and/or second heat exchanger by the sewage.
  • the area or part of the first heat exchanger and/or second heat exchanger in contact with the sewage is formed of a heat-conducting, rigid material, in particular of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.
  • the outer shape or the form of the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger is designed such that it is adapted to the respective cross-section of the sewage pipeline concerned.
  • the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger are formed such that the heat exchangers can be introduced into the sewage pipeline through a conduit manhole and be displaced to the corner position.
  • the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger comprise heat exchanger elements, which have little longitudinal extension, in particular of less than approximately 100 cm or approximately 65 cm, and of which the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger is assembled.
  • the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger can be formed in the wall of a sewage pipeline segment.
  • the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger can be embedded in the wall of the sewage pipeline such that the contact surface of the first heat exchanger and/or of the second heat exchanger with the sewage in the sewage pipeline is formed as part of the sewage pipeline inner wall.
  • the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger can be embedded in the wall of the sewage pipeline such that the heat exchange between the sewage and the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger is performed indirectly via the material of the sewage pipeline.
  • Such segments of the sewage pipeline that are provided with a heat exchanger embedded therein can preferably be manufactured industrially, wherein these segments are used in the construction of the sewage pipeline, or wherein segments of an existing sewage pipeline are replaced by such segments provided with a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a hot water forward-run line, or hot water advance piping, and a cold water return-run line, or cold water return piping, wherein a first heat exchange medium heated by the heat source can be supplied to the at least one first heat exchanger by means of the hot water forward-run line, and wherein the first heat exchange medium cooled by the at least one first heat exchanger can be supplied to the heat source by means of the cold water return-run line.
  • the transfer of thermal energy from the heat source into the sewage is preferably performed by means of a first heat exchange medium, which in a heated state is transported from the heat source via a hot water forward-run line, or hot water advance piping, to the heat exchanger.
  • a first heat exchange medium which in a heated state is transported from the heat source via a hot water forward-run line, or hot water advance piping, to the heat exchanger.
  • the first heat exchange medium which is heated by the heat source, is supplied continuously to the first heat exchanger by means of the hot water forward-run line.
  • the first heat exchange medium cools down depending on the temperature of the sewage contacting the first heat exchanger in order to be fed back to the heat source via the cold water return-run line in the cooled state.
  • circulation of the first heat exchange medium from the heat source to the first heat exchanger and back is achieved by means of a pump.
  • the heat exchange medium substantially consists of water.
  • oil or a different fluid with a sufficiently large thermal capacity can be used as the first heat exchange medium.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a cold water forward-run line, or cold water advance piping, and a hot water return-run line, or hot water return piping, wherein a second heat exchange medium cooled by the heat sink can be supplied to the at least one second heat exchanger by means of the cold water forward-run line, and wherein the second heat exchange medium heated by the at least one second heat exchanger can be supplied to the heat sink by means of the hot water return-run line.
  • a second heat exchange medium is heated in the second heat exchanger and supplied to the heat sink by means of a hot water return-run line, or hot water return piping.
  • a thermal gradient between the sewage and the second heat exchange medium there has to be a thermal gradient between the sewage and the second heat exchange medium. That is, the sewage has to exhibit a higher temperature than the second heat exchange medium. For this reason, during proper operation of the heat exchanger assembly, the second heat exchange medium is cooled by the heat sink to a temperature lower than the temperature of the sewage.
  • This cooled second heat exchange medium is fed continuously to the second heat exchanger by means of the cold water forward-run line, wherein the second heat exchange medium heats up in the second heat exchanger and is fed back to the heat sink via the hot water return-run line.
  • continuous circulation of the second heat exchange medium from the heat sink to the second heat exchanger and back is achieved by means of a pump.
  • the second heat exchange medium substantially consists of water or an aqueous solution. Alternatively, oil or a fluid with a sufficiently large thermal capacity can be used.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit is connected to a first temperature sensor, which is arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger, and/or to a second temperature sensor, which is arranged downstream of the second heat exchanger.
  • the sewage temperature of the sewage in the sewage pipeline can be kept within a predetermined range by means of the control unit.
  • the control unit in connection with the first temperature sensor, it can be prevented that the sewage exceeds a predetermined sewage temperature by means of the first heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a second sewage pipeline, which is hydraulically connectable to the sewage pipeline, and at least one third heat exchanger adapted to thermally contact the sewage with a second heat sink, the respective sewage flow amount through the sewage pipeline and the second sewage pipeline being controllable.
  • the heat exchanger assembly may also comprise a third sewage pipeline with a fourth heat exchanger, a fourth sewage pipeline with a fifth heat exchanger, etc., wherein the third and fourth sewage pipelines are each connectable to the sewage pipeline.
  • a plurality of heat exchangers adapted to thermally contact at least one associated heat sink can be loaded with sewage, which can be heated by means of the heat source via the at least one first heat exchanger and be supplied via the sewage pipeline.
  • the second sewage pipeline being hydraulically connectable to the sewage pipeline means that the hydraulic connection can be interrupted at least from time to time, but be established if necessary.
  • the hydraulic connection between the sewage pipeline and the second sewage pipeline can depend on the respective amount of sewage in the sewage pipelines.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises at least one blocking device, which can make sewage coming from the first heat exchanger flow to the second heat exchanger and to the third heat exchanger in predetermined proportions.
  • the at least one blocking device can control the hydraulic connection between the sewage pipeline and the second sewage pipeline.
  • the at least one blocking device can be formed in or on the sewage pipeline or be formed in or on the second sewage pipeline.
  • the at least one blocking device can comprise a weir or a slider, or slidegate or gate valve, adapted to control the amount of sewage flowing through the sewage pipeline toward the second heat exchanger.
  • the hydraulic connection between the sewage pipeline and the second sewage pipeline can be arranged upstream of the at least one blocking device, so that sewage from the sewage pipeline flows into the second sewage pipeline when the at least one blocking device in the sewage pipeline is closed.
  • closing of the at least one blocking device in the sewage pipeline can cause the sewage from the sewage pipeline to rise counter to the slope in the second sewage pipeline therein toward the third heat exchanger.
  • the first heat exchanger is arranged at a higher level than the third heat exchanger in the second sewage pipeline, so that the sewage from the first heat exchanger flows along the sewage flowing direction F through the sewage pipeline up to the at least one blocking device, and then flows counter to the slope in the second sewage pipeline to the third heat exchanger, so that a transport of thermal energy from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger can take place.
  • the at least one blocking device can be arranged in the second sewage pipeline, so that the entire amount of sewage coming from direction of the first heat exchanger remains in the sewage pipeline when the at least one blocking device is closed or partially closed.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a first flow control device, wherein the first flow control device is arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger.
  • the first flow control device can be a weir, a scouring valve, or a throttle.
  • the first flow control device is adapted to control the amount of sewage that flows downstream.
  • the first flow control device is adapted to dam accumulating sewage in the sewage pipeline being upstream with respect to the first flow control device.
  • the first flow control device can vary the relative flow cross-section in relation to the flow cross-section of the sewage pipeline, preferably in a range from approximately 0% to approximately 100%.
  • the relative flow cross-section of the first flow control device is infinitely adjustable at least in some part(s).
  • the first flow control device is preferably arranged directly downstream of the first heat exchanger in the sewage pipeline.
  • the first flow control device is arranged in a manner spaced from the first heat exchanger by less than 100 m, further preferably less than 50 m, and in particular less than 10 m.
  • the accumulating sewage can be dammed in the sewage pipeline in the area of the first heat exchanger by means of the first flow control device. Since the amount of thermal energy transferable from the heat source to the sewage by means of the first heat exchanger depends on the time of contact of the sewage with the first heat exchanger and substantially on the amount of sewage, the thermal energy transferable to the sewage can advantageously be increased by damming the sewage in the sewage pipeline in the area of the first heat exchanger.
  • a sufficient amount of sewage can be stored in the area of the first heat exchanger by means of the first flow control device, so that a predetermined heat storage capacity in the sewage is provided in order to dissipate thermal energy accumulating at the heat source to the sewage via the first heat exchanger.
  • a predetermined heat storage capacity in the sewage is provided in order to dissipate thermal energy accumulating at the heat source to the sewage via the first heat exchanger.
  • it can be prevented that at times when the heat source is out of operation cool sewage flows past the first heat exchanger without being heated.
  • the cool sewage can be stored in order to be heated by means of the heat source via the first heat exchanger at a later time.
  • the first flow control device opens up the flow cross-section of the sewage pipeline at least partially when the dammed sewage has reached a predetermined amount or when the accumulated sewage has been heated to a predetermined temperature by means of the first heat exchanger.
  • the first flow control device opens up the flow cross-section of the sewage pipeline at least partially when the dammed sewage has reached a predetermined amount or when the accumulated sewage has been heated to a predetermined temperature by means of the first heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a second flow control device, wherein the second flow control device is arranged downstream of the second heat exchanger.
  • the operating principle of the second flow control device is analogous to the operating principle of the first flow control device.
  • the second flow control device enables an improved utilization of the thermal energy contained in the sewage by means of the second heat exchanger. By damming the sewage in the sewage pipeline downstream of the second heat exchanger by means of the second flow control device, a larger amount of sewage can be provided to the second heat exchanger for a prolonged contact time. In this way, the thermal energy contained in the sewage can be extracted from the sewage particularly until a predetermined sewage temperature has been reached or is fallen below.
  • the second flow control device opens up the flow cross-section of the sewage pipeline at least partially when the sewage dammed upstream has reached a predetermined amount or a predetermined temperature.
  • the second flow control device is arranged directly downstream of the second heat exchanger in the sewage pipeline.
  • the second flow control device can be arranged in a manner spaced from the second heat exchanger in the sewage pipeline by less than 100 m, further preferably less than 50 m, and in particular less than 10 m.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a third flow control device, wherein the third flow control device is arranged downstream of the third heat exchanger.
  • the third flow control device is arranged downstream of the third heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a first measuring device, which detects the level H 1 above the first heat exchanger and/or the sewage temperature T W1 in the area of the first heat exchanger.
  • detecting the level H 1 can in particular comprise measuring the water level or sewage level in the sewage pipeline by means of ultrasound or by means of water pressure measurements.
  • Detecting the sewage temperature T W1 particularly comprises measuring the sewage temperature by means of a temperature sensor.
  • the first measuring device is connected to the first flow control device, so that the first flow control device can be controlled on the basis of the data obtained by the first measuring device.
  • the heat exchanger assembly comprises a second measuring device, which detects the level H 2 above the second heat exchanger and/or the sewage temperature T W2 in the area of the second heat exchanger. Further preferably, the heat exchanger assembly comprises a third measuring device, which detects the level H 3 above the third heat exchanger and/or the sewage temperature T W3 in the area of the third heat exchanger.
  • Detecting the levels H 2 and H 3 can in particular comprise measuring the respective water level or sewage level in the sewage pipeline by means of ultrasound or by means of water pressure measurements. Detecting the respective sewage temperatures T W2 and T W3 can particularly comprise measuring the sewage temperature by means of temperature sensors.
  • the second and third measuring devices can be connected to the associated second and third flow control devices, respectively, so that the second and third flow control devices can be controlled on the basis of the data obtained from the respectively associated measuring device.
  • An aspect of the present invention relates to a method for transporting thermal energy, comprising the following steps:
  • thermal energy from a heat source which is spaced from the heat sink, can be transported to the heat sink in a simple manner.
  • thermal energy arising during cooling of industrial plants for example stationary machines, such as printing machines, machine tools, cooling plants, chemical reactors or the like, and which so far has been released into the environment as exhaust air or sewage, can be transported to heat sinks or to heat consumers, for example to heat pumps, which provide heating energy to residential buildings.
  • the heat exchanger assembly necessary to perform the method according to the invention is also easy to produce.
  • already accumulated sewage is advantageously used as a thermal energy carrier medium, and particularly no further sewage heated by the heat source is introduced into the sewage pipeline, to transport the thermal energy of the heat source to the heat sink.
  • Providing the hot first heat exchange medium can comprise heating the first heat exchange medium by means of a heat source, wherein the heated first heat exchange medium is at least partially supplied to the first heat exchanger.
  • the method further comprises the following steps:
  • the sewage temperature T 1 does not exceed a predetermined maximum value T 1,max downstream of the first heat exchanger, whereby it is advantageously prevented that the evaporation rate of the sewage exceeds a predetermined value due to too high a sewage temperature T 1 .
  • the household and industrial sewages carried in a sewage pipeline usually have a sewage temperature between approximately 8° C. and approximately 20° C., wherein the sewage temperature at the inlet point into the sewage pipeline does usually not exceed 35° C.
  • the thermal energy dissipated to the sewage from the heat source can be controlled depending on the amount of sewage.
  • the downstream sewage temperature T 1 is preferably between approximately 8° C. and approximately 60° C. due to the thermal energy dissipation of the first heat exchanger to the sewage.
  • the maximum sewage temperature T 1,max downstream of the first heat exchanger is preferably between approximately 20° C. and approximately 60° C., further preferably between approximately 25° C. and approximately 40° C. and particularly approximately 30° C.
  • the method further comprises the following steps:
  • the sewage temperature T 2 exceeds a predetermined maximum value T 2,max downstream of the second heat exchanger and finally reaches a sewage treatment plant or a biotope.
  • the maximum sewage temperature T 2,max downstream of the second heat exchanger is preferably less than 35° C., further preferably less than 25° C. and particularly approximately 12° C.
  • the method further comprises the following steps:
  • the transport of thermal energy from the sewage to the heat sink is interrupted or reduced when the sewage temperature T 2 falls below a predetermined minimum value T 2,min , whereby it is prevented that too cold a sewage acts upon a sewage treatment plant or a biotope.
  • T 2,min a predetermined minimum value
  • the minimum sewage temperature T 2,min is higher than 8° C., preferably approximately 25° C.
  • the method comprises the step of throttling or damming the sewage flow through the sewage pipeline in the area of the first heat exchanger by means of the first flow control device arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger.
  • a predetermined amount of cool sewage can be provided in an area of the first heat exchanger, so that the heat source can dissipate a predetermined minimum amount of thermal energy to the sewage by means of the first heat exchanger.
  • the dissipation of thermal energy produced during an industrial process can be ensured thereby, so that advantageously the uninterrupted performance of the industrial process is guaranteed.
  • the sewage can be dammed in the area of the first heat exchanger until a predetermined sewage temperature has been reached, so that advantageously the efficiency of the subsequent heat exchange at the second heat exchanger can be increased.
  • it is not necessary to fully dam the sewage flow by means of the first flow control device, but it may be sufficient to reduce the sewage flow to a predetermined sewage flow amount per unit of time in the area of the first heat exchanger.
  • throttling or damming of the sewage flow in the sewage pipeline in the area of the first heat exchanger can temporarily be suspended in full by means of the first flow control device.
  • the sewage dammed in the area of the first heat exchanger can flow off in the form of surge flushing by abrupt opening of the flow control device along the sewage flowing direction F in the sewage pipeline, so that sedimented particles in the area of the first heat exchanger are transported further along the sewage flowing direction F in the sewage pipeline.
  • cleaning of the sewage pipeline can thus be achieved at the same time.
  • the method comprises the step of opening the first flow control device when the sewage has a predetermined level H 1 above the first heat exchanger and/or when the sewage has a predetermined sewage temperature T W1 in the area of the first heat exchanger.
  • the primary purpose of a sewage pipeline is drainage
  • damming of the sewage in the sewage pipeline can be suspended by means of the first flow control device when a predetermined level H 1 above the first heat exchanger is reached, so that it is advantageously prevented that sewage is dammed excessively in the sewage pipeline.
  • This can advantageously ensure a proper drainage by means of the sewage pipeline and the first flow control device.
  • the sewage in the area of the first heat exchanger should not exceed a predetermined sewage temperature T W1 , since then, on the one hand, the efficiency of the thermal energy dissipation from the heat source to the sewage by means of the first heat exchanger is reduced and, on the other hand, unpleasant odors can form due to the increased sewage temperature. Therefore, the first flow control device can allow draining of the sewage along the sewage flowing direction F in the sewage pipeline when the predetermined sewage temperature T W1 in the area of the first heat exchanger is reached or exceeded.
  • the sewage temperature T W1 is selected depending on the efficiency of the heat exchange at the first heat exchanger, the efficiency of the heat exchange at the second heat exchanger arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger, the distance between the first and second heat exchangers, and the heat losses of the sewage on the way between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, as well as the local official requirements.
  • the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be operated in a range optimal for the given conditions, so that the amount of thermal energy transportable from the heat source to the heat sink via the first heat exchanger, the sewage, the second heat exchanger is maximal.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the amount of sewage provided to the second heat exchanger and to the third heat exchanger can be controlled depending on the thermal energy required at the associated heat sink. Therefore, an increased amount of sewage can be provided to the second heat exchanger when the associated heat sink extracts an increased amount of thermal energy E 1 .
  • the method comprises the step of detecting the thermal energy E A1 dissipated by the heat source via the first heat exchanger.
  • the thermal energy E A1 than can be provided can be put in relation to the required energy E 1 +E 2 .
  • the thermal energy E A1 can be distributed to the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger according to a predetermined ratio, so that a fraction of the required thermal energy can be provided to the heat sink and the second heat exchanger respectively.
  • the fraction of the thermal energy provided is the same for both heat sinks. The thermal energy still needed has to be produced by other measures at the location of the respective heat sinks and be provided there.
  • control of the amount of sewage flowing to the second heat exchanger and to the third heat exchanger can be such that the extracted thermal energy E 1 is provided substantially fully to the heat sink via the second heat exchanger or that the extracted thermal energy E 2 is provided substantially fully to the second heat sink via the third heat exchanger.
  • a consequence would be that a small fraction of or no thermal energy can be provided to the remaining heat sink.
  • the method preferably comprises the step of determining the thermal energy E A2 present in the sewage located above the second heat exchanger and/or determining the thermal energy E A3 present in the sewage located above the third heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly
  • FIG. 2 a perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly 1 .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 comprises three first heat exchangers 11 , which each have a hot water forward-run line, or hot water advance piping, 15 and a cold water return-run line, or cold water return piping, 17 . It is appreciated that the heat exchanger assembly 1 may as well have one, two, four, five, or more first heat exchangers 11 next to each other or spaced from each other.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 , the hot water forward-run line 15 , and the cold water return-run line 17 are filled with a first heat exchange medium 19 .
  • the first heat exchange medium 19 is in direct or indirect thermal contact with a heat source 13 .
  • Such a heat source 13 may be a cooled, industrially used machine, such as a machine tool, a printing machine, a plant for power generation, or the like.
  • the heat source may also comprise a chemical reactor, such as devices for cooling an exothermic chemical reaction.
  • the heat source may be part of a thermodynamic cycle or a heat exchanger, such as the cooling fins of a cooling unit or an air conditioning system.
  • the first heat exchange medium 19 Due to the thermal contact of the heat source 13 with the first heat exchange medium 19 , thermal energy is transferred from the heat source 13 to the first heat exchange medium 19 , i.e. the first heat exchange medium 19 is heated by the heat source 13 .
  • the first heat exchange medium 19 is supplied to the first heat exchanger 11 via the hot water forward-run line 15 e.g. by means of a circulating pump (not illustrated).
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is introduced into a sewage pipeline 5 , so that the first heat exchanger 11 thermally contacts the sewage 3 flowing in the sewage pipeline 5 .
  • the first heat exchanger 11 can be introduced into an existing sewage pipeline 5 such that the first heat exchanger 11 merely rests on the bottom of the sewage pipeline 5 or alternatively is fixedly connected to the sewage pipeline 5 by being embedded in concrete.
  • the sewage pipeline 5 can have a wall formed as a heat exchanger. Due to the thermal contact of the first heat exchange medium 19 with the sewage 3 via the first heat exchanger 11 , the thermal energy of the first heat exchange medium 19 is partially transferred to the sewage 3 , i.e. the sewage 3 is heated by the heated first heat exchange medium in the area of the first heat exchanger 11 .
  • the first heat exchange medium 19 is cooled in the first heat exchanger 11 by the dissipation of the thermal energy to the sewage 3 .
  • the cooled heat exchange medium 19 is fed back to the heat source 13 via the cold water return-run line 17 .
  • the heated sewage 3 flows through the sewage pipeline 5 along the sewage flowing direction F. Having travelled a flow path of some hundred meters to some kilometers, the sewage 3 reaches at least one second heat exchanger 21 .
  • the second heat exchanger 21 is introduced into the sewage pipeline 5 such that the second heat exchanger 21 is in thermal contact with the sewage 3 .
  • a second heat exchange medium 29 In the second heat exchanger 21 is located a second heat exchange medium 29 , which is hated by the sewage 3 .
  • the second heat exchanger 21 is hydraulically connected to a heat sink 23 by means of a hot water return-run line, or hot water return piping, 27 and a cold water forward-run line, or cold water advance piping, 25 .
  • the second heat exchange medium 29 heated by the sewage 3 is supplied to the heat sink 23 via the hot water return-run line 27 preferably by means of a circulating pump (not illustrated).
  • the heat sink 23 is in thermal contact with the second heat exchange medium 29 , so that the thermal energy stored in the second heat exchange medium 29 is partially extracted therefrom by the heat sink 23 .
  • the heat sink 23 may be part of a heat pump for heating apartments.
  • the heat sink 23 can also be formed as a radiator for fresh air or as a floor heating system.
  • the second heat exchange medium 29 is cooled due to the extraction of thermal energy from the second heat exchange medium 29 in the heat sink 23 .
  • the cooled second heat exchange medium 29 is fed back to the second heat exchanger 21 via the cold water forward-run line 25 in order to be heated there again by the sewage 3 .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 comprises a first temperature sensor 33 arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger 11 .
  • the first temperature sensor 33 detects the temperature T 1 of the sewage 3 , which has been heated by the first heat exchanger 11 .
  • the sewage temperature T 1 does preferably not exceed a predetermined maximum value t 1,max , which preferably is approximately 60° C., further preferably 50° C., and particularly preferably 40° C.
  • the first temperature sensor 33 is connected to a control unit 31 .
  • the control unit 31 interrupts or reduces the supply of the heated first heat exchange medium 19 to the first heat exchanger 11 in case that the measured sewage temperature T 1 exceeds the predetermined maximum value T 1,max .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 comprises a second temperature sensor 35 arranged downstream of the second heat exchanger 21 .
  • the second temperature sensor 35 detects the temperature T 2 of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipeline 5 after thermal energy has been extracted from the sewage 3 by means of the second heat exchanger 21 .
  • the sewage temperature T 2 of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipeline 5 should preferably be in a range between approximately 8° C. and approximately 35° C., further preferably in a range between approximately 10° C. and approximately 30° C. and particularly approximately 25° C., so that biological cleaning of the sewage 3 by microorganisms in the sewage treatment plant can take place. Too low a sewage temperature T 2 would lead to a reduced activity of the microorganisms, whereas as too high a sewage temperature T 2 leads to the death of the microorganisms in the sewage treatment plant.
  • the second temperature sensor 35 is preferably connected to the control unit 31 , which interrupts or reduces the supply of the heated first heat exchange medium 19 to the first heat exchanger 11 when the measured sewage temperature T 2 exceeds a predetermined maximum value t 2,max .
  • the heat extraction from the sewage 3 is interrupted or reduced by the second heat exchanger 21 , for example by interrupting or reducing the supply of the cold second heat exchange medium 29 to the second heat exchanger 21 , when the measured sewage temperature T 2 falls below a predetermined minimum value T 2,min .
  • Interrupting or reducing the heat extraction from the sewage 3 by means of the second heat exchanger 21 can also be performed by the control unit 31 , for example by means of a control valve.
  • a further control unit (not illustrated), which is connected to the second temperature sensor 35 and which controls the interruption or reduction of the heat extraction.
  • first heat exchangers 11 can be arranged in the sewage pipeline 5 in a manner spaced from each other, or that one or more first heat exchangers 11 can be arranged in the sewage pipeline 5 in a manner connected to each other, wherein the connection of several first heat exchangers 11 can preferably be established by tension-proof and pressure-tight connection configurations at the end regions of the individual heat exchangers.
  • one or more second heat exchangers 21 can be arranged in the sewage pipeline 5 in a manner spaced from each other or connected to each other.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a heat exchanger assembly 1 .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 comprises two first heat exchangers 11 , which each have a hot water forward-run line, or hot water advance piping, 15 and a cold water return-run line, or cold water return piping, 17 . It is appreciated that the heat exchanger assembly 1 may as well have one, 3 , 4 , 5 , or more first heat exchangers next to each other or spaced from each other.
  • a hot heat exchange medium 19 is provided to the first heat exchanger 11 via the hot water forward-run line 15 , wherein the first heat exchange medium 19 is heated by means of the heat source 13 .
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is introduced into the sewage pipeline 5 such that the first heat exchanger 11 thermally contacts the sewage 3 flowing in the sewage pipeline 5 .
  • the heat exchanger 11 can be introduced into the sewage pipeline 5 as described in FIG. 1 .
  • the sewage 3 is heated by means of the heat exchanger 11 , and the cooled heat exchange medium 19 is fed back to the heat source 13 via the cold water return-run line 17 .
  • a first flow control device 37 Downstream of the first heat exchanger 11 is arranged a first flow control device 37 , which can control the amount of sewage flowing along the sewage flowing direction F in the sewage pipeline 5 .
  • the sewage can be dammed upstream of the flow control device 37 by means of the flow control device 37 , so that an increased volume of sewage can be provided in the area of the first heat exchanger 11 .
  • the amount of thermal energy E A1 that can be dissipated to the sewage 3 can be increased thereby.
  • the illustrated heat exchanger assembly 1 further comprises a first measuring device 37 a, which detects the level H 1 above the first heat exchanger 11 and/or the sewage temperature T W1 in the area of the first heat exchanger 11 .
  • the first measuring device 37 a is connected to the first flow control device 37 , so that the first flow control device 37 can be opened when the sewage 3 has a predetermined level H 1 above the first heat exchanger 11 and/or when the sewage 3 has a predetermined sewage temperature T W1 in the area of the first heat exchanger 11 .
  • the heated sewage 3 flows through the sewage pipeline 5 along the sewage flowing direction F.
  • Downstream of the first heat exchanger 11 is arranged at least one second heat exchanger 21 .
  • the second heat exchanger 21 is introduced into the sewage pipeline 5 such that the second heat exchanger 21 is in thermal contact with the sewage 3 .
  • a cold heat exchang medium 29 is supplied to the second heat exchanger 21 via a cold water forward-run line, or cold water advance piping, 25 .
  • the heat exchange medium 29 is heated by the sewage 3 and is supplied to a heat sink 23 via the hot water return-run line 27 , the heat sink at least partially extracting the stored thermal energy from the second heat exchange medium 29 .
  • the cooled heat exchange medium 29 is then supplied to the second heat exchanger 21 via the cold water forward-run line 25 .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 shown in FIG. 2 further comprises a second sewage pipeline 39 , which is hydraulically connected to the sewage pipeline 5 .
  • the hydraulic connection of the sewage pipeline 5 and the second sewage pipeline 39 is established by means of a connecting shaft 53 , which is arranged between the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 21 in the sewage pipeline 5 .
  • a third heat exchanger 41 In the second sewage pipeline 39 is arranged a third heat exchanger 41 , which is adapted to thermally contact the sewage 3 flowing in the second sewage pipeline 39 .
  • a cold heat exchange medium 49 in particular cold wager 49 , is provided to the third heat exchanger 41 via a cold water forward-run line, or cold water advance piping, 45 , wherein the cool heat exchange medium 49 is heated by means of the sewage 3 via the third heat exchanger 41 .
  • the heated third heat exchange medium 49 is supplied to the second heat sink 43 via a hot water return-run line, or hot water return piping, 47 preferably by means of a circulating pump (not illustrated).
  • the second heat sink 43 is in thermal contact with the third heat exchange medium 49 , so that the thermal energy stored in the third heat exchange medium 49 is partially extracted therefrom by the second heat sink 43 .
  • the thus cooled third heat exchange medium 49 is fed back to the third heat exchanger 41 via the cold water forward-run line 45 in order to be heated there again by the sewage 3 .
  • the second sewage pipeline 39 shown in FIG. 2 has such a slope that the sewage flowing direction in the second sewage pipeline 39 is oriented from the third heat exchanger 41 to the sewage pipeline 5 .
  • a blocking device 55 is arranged downstream of the shaft 53 in the sewage pipeline 5 . By at least partially closing the blocking device 55 , a predetermined fraction of the sewage 3 coming from the direction of the first heat exchanger 11 can be dammed such that the sewage rises via the shaft 53 counter to the slope of the second sewage pipeline 41 to flow to the third heat exchanger 41 .
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is at a higher level above sea level than the third heat exchanger 41 , so that the sewage 3 flows from the first heat exchanger 11 to the third heat exchanger 41 only due to gravity.
  • a sewage lifting system can be connected to the sewage pipeline 5 in order to lift the sewage to a higher level, so that the sewage flows toward the third heat exchanger 41 counter to the slope of the second sewage pipeline 5 .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 can comprise a third flow control device 51 , which throttles or dams the sewage flow through the second sewage pipeline 39 in the area of the third heat exchanger 41 . in order to be heated there again by the sewage 3 .
  • the contact time of the sewage 3 with the third heat exchanger 41 is prolonged thereby, so that advantageously an increased amount of thermal energy can be extracted from the sewage 3 .
  • the heat exchanger assembly 1 comprises a third measuring device 51 a, which detects the level H 3 above the third heat exchanger 41 and/or the sewage temperature T W3 in the area of the third heat exchanger 41 .
  • the third measuring device 51 a is connected to the third flow control device 51 , so that the third flow control device 51 opens at least partially when the sewage 3 has a predetermined level H 3 above the third heat exchanger 41 and/or when the sewage 3 reaches a predetermined sewage temperature T W3 in the area of the third heat exchanger 41 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US13/496,187 2009-09-15 2010-09-02 Heat exchanger assembly and method for transporting thermal energy Abandoned US20120168114A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009041595A DE102009041595A1 (de) 2009-09-15 2009-09-15 Wärmetauscheranordnung und Verfahren zum Transport von Wärmeenergie
DE102009041595.5 2009-09-15
EP10003152.5A EP2299186B1 (de) 2009-09-15 2010-03-24 Verfahren zum Transport von Wärmeenergie in einer Abwasserrohrleitung
EP10003152.5 2010-03-24
PCT/EP2010/005393 WO2011032645A1 (de) 2009-09-15 2010-09-02 Wärmetauscheranordnung und verfahren zum transport von wärmeenergie

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US20120168114A1 true US20120168114A1 (en) 2012-07-05

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US (1) US20120168114A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2299186B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2013504741A (de)
CN (1) CN102498347B (de)
DE (1) DE102009041595A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011032645A1 (de)

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US20120298328A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-11-29 Hidden Fuels, Llc Methods and apparatus for transferring thermal energy
JP2013242107A (ja) * 2012-05-22 2013-12-05 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 下水熱等の採熱構造
US20130330679A1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Heat-source selecting device for heat source system, method thereof, and heat source system
EP2921788A4 (de) * 2012-11-19 2016-04-13 Univ Osaka City Wärmeenergietransportsystem, wärmeaustauschsystem und wärmeenergietransportverfahren

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JPH0719912A (ja) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-20 Nippon Signal Co Ltd:The 下水道流量制御装置
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CH690108C1 (de) * 1996-05-31 2004-01-30 Rabtherm Ag I G Installation zum Entzug von Waerme aus Abwasser.
JP2002235956A (ja) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-23 Kubota Corp 下水利用熱源設備
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120298328A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-11-29 Hidden Fuels, Llc Methods and apparatus for transferring thermal energy
JP2013242107A (ja) * 2012-05-22 2013-12-05 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 下水熱等の採熱構造
US20130330679A1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Heat-source selecting device for heat source system, method thereof, and heat source system
US9488387B2 (en) * 2012-06-12 2016-11-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Heat-source selecting device for heat source system, method thereof, and heat source system
EP2921788A4 (de) * 2012-11-19 2016-04-13 Univ Osaka City Wärmeenergietransportsystem, wärmeaustauschsystem und wärmeenergietransportverfahren
US10054318B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-08-21 Osaka City University Heat energy transport system, heat interchange system, and heat energy transport method

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DE102009041595A1 (de) 2011-03-31
CN102498347A (zh) 2012-06-13
EP2299186A1 (de) 2011-03-23
EP2299186B1 (de) 2018-04-25
JP2013504741A (ja) 2013-02-07
WO2011032645A1 (de) 2011-03-24
CN102498347B (zh) 2014-08-13

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