US20100239849A1 - Composite material - Google Patents

Composite material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20100239849A1
US20100239849A1 US12/589,470 US58947009A US2010239849A1 US 20100239849 A1 US20100239849 A1 US 20100239849A1 US 58947009 A US58947009 A US 58947009A US 2010239849 A1 US2010239849 A1 US 2010239849A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
carbon nanotube
composite material
nanoparticles
carbon
nanotube structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/589,470
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jia-Ping Wang
Kai-Li Jiang
Qun-Qing Li
Shou-Shan Fan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tsinghua University
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tsinghua University
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsinghua University, Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Tsinghua University
Assigned to TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY, HON HAI PREICISON INDUSTRY CO., LTD. reassignment TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FAN, SHOU-SHAN, JIANG, KAI-LI, LI, QUN-QING, WANG, JIA-PING
Priority to US12/592,497 priority Critical patent/US8298623B2/en
Publication of US20100239849A1 publication Critical patent/US20100239849A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/18—Carbon
    • B01J21/185—Carbon nanotubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
    • B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/168—After-treatment
    • C01B32/174—Derivatisation; Solubilisation; Dispersion in solvents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to a composite material, and particularly to a carbon nanotube composite material.
  • a composite material having carbon nanotubes as reinforcement and as an electrical conductor as well as nano-particles have broad applications in the field of microelectronics, material science, biology, and chemistry because of good anti-static performance, microwave absorbing capability, electromagnetic shielding ability, and so on.
  • the nano-particles are prone to agglomerate together.
  • a carbon nanotube composite material includes a plurality of carbon nanotube powders and tricobalt tetraoxide (Co 3 O 4 ) particles coated on the surface of the carbon nanotube powders.
  • the carbon nanotubes and Co 3 O 4 particles form a composite nano-powder.
  • a typical method for making the composite nano-powder includes:
  • a composite film material includes a carbon nanotube film on a metal substrate and nickel (Ni) nano-particles.
  • the nickel (Ni) nano-particles are deposited on the carbon nanotube film.
  • a method for making the carbon nanotube composite film material includes:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a composite material.
  • FIG. 2 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a drawn carbon nanotube film.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a carbon nanotube segment of the drawn carbon nanotube film of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is an SEM image of a pressed carbon nanotube film of carbon nanotube structure, wherein carbon nanotubes of the pressed carbon nanotube film are arranged along a same direction.
  • FIG. 5 is an SEM image of a pressed carbon nanotube film, wherein carbon nanotubes of the pressed carbon nanotube film are arranged along different directions.
  • FIG. 6 is an SEM image of a flocculated carbon nanotube film with carbon nanotubes entangled with each other therein.
  • FIG. 7 is an SEM image of an untwisted carbon nanotube wire.
  • FIG. 8 is an SEM image of a twisted carbon nanotube wire.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method for fabricating a composite material.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart of the method for fabricating the composite material of FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 11 is an SEM image of a composite material formed by activating a first reacting material layer.
  • FIG. 12 is an SEM image of composite material formed by activating a second reacting material layer.
  • FIG. 13 is an SEM image of a composite material formed by activating a third reacting material layer.
  • FIG. 14 is a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) image of the composite material of FIG. 11 .
  • TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy
  • a carbon nanotube composite material 10 includes a carbon nanotube structure 100 and a plurality of nanoparticles 104 .
  • the carbon nanotube structure 100 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes adhered to each other and together by van der Waals attractive forces to form a free-standing structure.
  • the carbon nanotube structure 100 can be a carbon nanotube film structure or a carbon nanotube wire structure.
  • the nanoparticles 104 are uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure 100 .
  • the free-standing carbon nanotube structure means the carbon nanotube structure can maintain a certain shape without any supporter, which is different from a powder or liquid form. Since the carbon nanotube structure includes the plurality of carbon nanotubes combined by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween, the certain shape is formed.
  • the carbon nanotube structure is made only of carbon nanotubes.
  • the carbon nanotubes can be orderly or disorderly arranged.
  • the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure can be single-walled, double-walled, or multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
  • a diameter of each single-walled carbon nanotube ranges from about 0.5 nanometers (nm) to about 50 nm.
  • a diameter of each double-walled carbon nanotube ranges from about 1 nm to about 50 nm.
  • a diameter of each multi-walled carbon nanotube ranges from about 1.5 nm to about 50 nm.
  • the length of each carbon nanotube is above 50 micrometers ( ⁇ m). In one embodiment, the length of the carbon nanotubes ranges from about 200 ⁇ m to 900 ⁇ m.
  • the carbon nanotube structure can be a carbon nanotube film structure with a thickness ranging from about 0.5 nm to about 1 millimeter (mm).
  • the carbon nanotube film structure can include at least one carbon nanotube film.
  • the carbon nanotube structure can also be a linear carbon nanotube structure with a diameter ranging from about 0.5 nm to about 1 mm.
  • the carbon nanotube structure can also be a combination of the carbon nanotube film structure and the linear carbon nanotube structure. It is understood that any carbon nanotube structure described can be used with all embodiments.
  • the carbon nanotube film structure includes at least one drawn carbon nanotube film.
  • a film can be drawn from a carbon nanotube array, to form a drawn carbon nanotube film. Examples of drawn carbon nanotube film are taught by U.S. Pat. No. 7,045,108 to Jiang et al., and WO 2007015710 to Zhang et al.
  • the drawn carbon nanotube film includes a plurality of successive and oriented carbon nanotubes joined end-to-end by van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
  • the drawn carbon nanotube film is a free-standing film. Referring to FIGS. 2 to 3 , each drawn carbon nanotube film includes a plurality of successively oriented carbon nanotube segments 143 joined end-to-end by van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
  • Each carbon nanotube segment 143 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 substantially parallel to each other, and combined by van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
  • the carbon nanotubes 145 in the drawn carbon nanotube film are substantially oriented along a preferred orientation.
  • the carbon nanotube film can be treated with an organic solvent to increase the mechanical strength and toughness of the carbon nanotube film and reduce the coefficient of friction of the carbon nanotube film.
  • a thickness of the carbon nanotube film can range from about 0.5 nm to about 100 ⁇ m.
  • a method of making a drawn carbon nanotube film includes the steps of: providing an array of carbon nanotubes; and pulling out a drawn carbon nanotube film from the array of carbon nanotubes. Pulling can be aided by the use of a tool such as adhesive tape, pliers, tweezers, or other tools allowing multiple carbon nanotubes to be gripped and pulled simultaneously.
  • a tool such as adhesive tape, pliers, tweezers, or other tools allowing multiple carbon nanotubes to be gripped and pulled simultaneously.
  • the drawn carbon nanotube film can be formed by selecting one or more carbon nanotubes having a predetermined width from the array of carbon nanotubes and pulling the carbon nanotubes at a uniform speed to form carbon nanotube segments that are joined end to end to achieve a uniform drawn carbon nanotube film.
  • the carbon nanotube segments can be selected by using the tool allowing multiple carbon nanotubes to be gripped and pulled simultaneously to contact with the array of carbon nanotubes.
  • the pulling direction can be substantially perpendicular to the growing direction of the array of carbon nanotubes.
  • the carbon nanotube film structure can include at least two stacked carbon nanotube films.
  • the carbon nanotube structure can include two or more coplanar carbon nanotube films, and can include layers of coplanar carbon nanotube films.
  • an angle can exist between the orientation of carbon nanotubes in adjacent films, whether they are stacked or adjacent. Adjacent carbon nanotube films can be combined only by the van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
  • the number of the layers of the carbon nanotube films is not limited. However, as the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure increases, the specific surface area decreases.
  • An angle between the aligned directions of the carbon nanotubes in two adjacent carbon nanotube films can range from about 0 degrees to about 90 degrees.
  • a microporous structure is defined by the carbon nanotubes.
  • the carbon nanotube structure in an embodiment employing these films will have a plurality of micropores.
  • the micropore has a diameter which can range from about 1 nm to about 0.5 ⁇ m. Stacking the carbon nanotube films will also add to the structural integrity of the carbon nanotube structure.
  • the carbon nanotube film structure can include at least one pressed carbon nanotube film.
  • the pressed carbon nanotube film can be a free-standing carbon nanotube film.
  • the carbon nanotubes in the pressed carbon nanotube film can be substantially arranged along a same direction (see FIG. 4 ) or substantially arranged along different directions (see FIG. 5 ).
  • the carbon nanotubes in the pressed carbon nanotube film can rest upon each other. Adjacent carbon nanotubes are attracted to each other and combined by van der Waals attractive force.
  • An angle between a primary alignment direction of the carbon nanotubes and a surface of the pressed carbon nanotube film is about 0 degrees to about 15 degrees. The greater the pressure applied, the smaller the angle formed.
  • the carbon nanotube structure can be isotropic.
  • the thickness of the pressed carbon nanotube film ranges from about 0.5 nm to about 1 mm. Examples of pressed carbon nanotube film are taught by US application 20080299031A1 to Liu et al.
  • the pressed carbon nanotube film can be executed by providing an array of carbon nanotubes formed on a substrate; and providing a pressing device to press the array of carbon nanotubes, thereby forming the pressed carbon nanotube film.
  • the carbon nanotube film structure includes a flocculated carbon nanotube film.
  • the flocculated carbon nanotube film can include a plurality of long, curved, disordered carbon nanotubes entangled with each other.
  • the flocculated carbon nanotube film can be isotropic.
  • the carbon nanotubes can be substantially uniformly dispersed in the carbon nanotube film. Adjacent carbon nanotubes are acted upon by van der Waals attractive force to form an entangled structure with micropores defined therein. It is understood that the flocculated carbon nanotube film is very porous. Sizes of the micropores can be less than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the porous nature of the flocculated carbon nanotube film will increase the specific surface area of the carbon nanotube structure. Further, due to the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure being entangled with each other, the carbon nanotube structure employing the flocculated carbon nanotube film has excellent durability, and can be fashioned into desired shapes with a low risk to the integrity of the carbon nanotube structure.
  • the flocculated carbon nanotube film can be executed by providing carbon nanotubes, flocculating the carbon nanotubes in a solvent to acquire a carbon nanotube flocculated structure, separating the carbon nanotube flocculated structure from the solvent, and shaping the separated carbon nanotube flocculated structure into the flocculated carbon nanotube film in which the carbon nanotubes are entangled with each other and isotropic.
  • the linear carbon nanotube structure includes carbon nanotube wires and/or carbon nanotube cables.
  • the carbon nanotube wire can be untwisted or twisted. Treating the drawn carbon nanotube film with a volatile organic solvent can form the untwisted carbon nanotube wire. Specifically, the organic solvent is applied to soak the entire surface of the drawn carbon nanotube film. During the soaking, adjacent parallel carbon nanotubes in the drawn carbon nanotube film will bundle together, due to the surface tension of the organic solvent as it volatilizes, and thus, the drawn carbon nanotube film will be shrunk into untwisted carbon nanotube wire.
  • the untwisted carbon nanotube wire includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially oriented along a same direction (i.e., a direction along the length of the untwisted carbon nanotube wire).
  • the carbon nanotubes are substantially parallel to the axis of the untwisted carbon nanotube wire. More specifically, the untwisted carbon nanotube wire includes a plurality of successive carbon nanotube segments joined end to end by van der Waals attractive force therebetween. Each carbon nanotube segment includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially parallel to each other, and combined by van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
  • the carbon nanotube segments can vary in width, thickness, uniformity, and shape. Length of the untwisted carbon nanotube wire can be arbitrarily set as desired. A diameter of the untwisted carbon nanotube wire ranges from about 0.5 nm to about 100 ⁇ m.
  • the twisted carbon nanotube wire can be formed by twisting a drawn carbon nanotube film using a mechanical force to turn the two ends of the drawn carbon nanotube film in opposite directions.
  • the twisted carbon nanotube wire includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes helically oriented around an axial direction of the twisted carbon nanotube wire. More specifically, the twisted carbon nanotube wire includes a plurality of successive carbon nanotube segments joined end to end by van der Waals attractive force therebetween. Each carbon nanotube segment includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially parallel to each other, and combined by van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
  • the length of the carbon nanotube wire can be set as desired.
  • a diameter of the twisted carbon nanotube wire can be from about 0.5 nm to about 100 ⁇ m.
  • the twisted carbon nanotube wire can be treated with a volatile organic solvent after being twisted. After being soaked by the organic solvent, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the twisted carbon nanotube wire will bundle together, due to the surface tension of the organic solvent when the organic solvent volatilizes. The specific surface area of the twisted carbon nanotube wire will decrease, while the density and strength of the twisted carbon nanotube wire will increase.
  • the carbon nanotube cable includes two or more carbon nanotube wires.
  • the carbon nanotube wires in the carbon nanotube cable can be twisted or untwisted. In an untwisted carbon nanotube cable, the carbon nanotube wires are substantially parallel with each other. In a twisted carbon nanotube cable, the carbon nanotube wires are twisted with each other.
  • the carbon nanotube structure can be adhered to a supporter, such as a frame or a substrate.
  • the nanoparticles 104 are spaced from each other and coated on the surface of each of the carbon nantoubes of the carbon nanotube structure 100 .
  • the distances between two adjacent nanoparticles 104 are larger than the diameters of each nanoparticle 104 .
  • the diameter of each of the nanoparticles 104 is in a range from about 1 nm to about 100 nm. In one embodiment, the diameter of the nanoparticle is in a range from about 1 nm to about 50 nm.
  • Each nanoparticle 104 wraps part surface of at least one carbon nanotube. When the size of the carbon nanotube is smaller than that of the nanoparticle 104 , the whole carbon nanotube is totally wrapped by the nanoparticle 104 .
  • the carbon nanotubes also can be bundled together to form a plurality of carbon nanotube bundles.
  • the nanoparticles 104 are spacedly coated on the surface of the carbon nanotube bundle and arranged along the length direction of the carbon nanotube bundle.
  • the nanoparticles 104 and the carbon nanotube are attracted by chemical bond and van Der Waals attractive force.
  • the carbon nanotube composite material 10 has a large specific surface because the carbon nanotubes have gaps therebetween and the nanoparticles 104 are spacedly arranged among the carbon nantoubes of the carbon nanotube structure.
  • the carbon nanotubes are isotropic, long, curved, disordered, and entangled with each other.
  • the nanoparticles 104 can be metal nanoparticles, non-metal nanoparticles, alloy nanoparticles, metallic oxide nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, and any combination thereof.
  • the metallic oxide nanoparticles include titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), nickel oxide (NiO), aluminum oxide (AlO), and any combination thereof.
  • the nanoparticle 104 is TiO 2 .
  • the shape of the nanoparticles 104 can be a sphere, a spheroid, and any combination thereof.
  • the carbon nanotube structure 100 includes a plurality of the carbon nanotube wires.
  • the carbon nanotube wires can be substantially parallel to each other, or have a discernable angle between the two adjacent carbon nanotube wires to form a carbon nanotube film. At least one carbon nanotube of the carbon nanotube wire is embedded in one nanoparticle 104 . In one embodiment, the diameters of the nanoparticles 104 are in a range from about 80 nm to about 120 nm.
  • the carbon nanotube composite material 10 in the present embodiment has many advantages. Firstly, the carbon nanotube composite material 10 has a large specific surface because the carbon nanotubes have gaps therebetween and the nanoparticles 104 are spaced among the carbon nantoubes of the carbon nanotube structure. The carbon nanotube composite material 10 which has a lager specific surface can be used as a good catalyst. Secondly, the nanoparticles 104 are uniformly distributed on the carbon nanotube structure 100 to prevent the nanoparticles 104 from agglomerating. In addition, the carbon nanotube composite material 10 is a free-standing structure because the carbon nanotube structure 100 is a free-standing structure.
  • one embodiment of a method for making the carbon nanotube composite material 10 includes:
  • the carbon nanotube structure 100 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes adhered to each other by the van Der Waals attractive force to form a free-standing structure.
  • the carbon nanotube structure 100 includes one or more carbon nanotube films or one or more carbon nanotube wires.
  • the carbon nanotube film structure can be a grown carbon nanotube film, a flocculated carbon nanotube film, a pressed carbon nanotube film, or a drawn carbon nanotube film.
  • the carbon nanotube films can be adhered to a frame or on a substrate directly.
  • two carbon nanotube films can be stacked side by side substantially parallel to each other on a metal frame to form the carbon nanotube structure 100 .
  • the reacting materials can be solid, liquid, or gaseous.
  • One method for introducing the at least two types of reacting materials into the carbon nanotube structure includes (2a1) introducing a first reacting material to form a first reacting material layer on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure, and (2a2) introducing a second reacting material to the carbon nanotube structure.
  • the thickness of the first reacting material layer is about 1 nm to about 100 nm.
  • the material of the first reacting material is dependent on the material of the nanoparticle 104 to be prepared.
  • the first reacting material can be a metal, non-metal, semiconductor, and any combination thereof as desired.
  • the first reacting material is metal, for example, titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), or nickel (Ni), and metal compound nanoparticles, for example, metal oxide or metal silicides.
  • the nanoparticle 104 structure can be obtained by introducing the first reacting material.
  • the first reacting material is silicon and a non-metal compound, for example, silicon nitride or silicon carbide nanostructure can be obtained by introducing the first reacting material.
  • the method for forming the first reacting layer can be chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), impregnation method, spraying method, or silk-screen printing method.
  • the metal or metal oxide can be sputtered on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure by the PVD method.
  • the non-metallic nitride or carbide can be formed on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure by the CVD method.
  • the metal organic solution can be formed on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure by the methods of impregnation, spraying, or silk-screen printing. Part or all the surface of the carbon nanotube structure can be coated with the first reacting materials.
  • the second reacting material can be liquid or gaseous.
  • the gaseous second reacting material can be oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, silicon source gas and carbon source gas, and any combination thereof.
  • the method of introducing the gaseous second reacting material is directly introducing the gaseous second reacting material into a chamber having a carbon nanotube structure deposited thereon. The gaseous second reacting material is distributed on the surroundings of the carbon nanotube structure and the first reacting material.
  • the second reacting material can also be in liquid form such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, liquid resin, and any combination thereof.
  • the method of introducing the liquid second reacting material is by directly dropping the liquid second reacting material on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure or immersing the carbon nanotube structure in the liquid reacting material.
  • the liquid second reacting material is distributed on the surroundings of the carbon nanotube structure and the first reacting material.
  • Another method for introducing the at least two types of reacting materials into the carbon nanotube structure includes (2b1) forming a first reacting material layer on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure and (2b2) forming a second reacting material layer on the surface of the first reacting material layer.
  • the total thickness of the first and the second reacting material layers is about 1 nm to about 100 nm.
  • the first reacting material layer is a metal layer, for example, an Al and Ti layer
  • the second reacting material layer is a silicon layer.
  • the first and the second reacting layer are metal layers, for example, an Al and Ti layer or an Al and Ni layer.
  • Yet another method for introducing the at least two types reacting materials into the carbon nanotube structure includes simultaneously introducing two gaseous reacting materials, two liquid reacting materials, or a combination of one gaseous reacting material and one liquid reacting material.
  • a Ti layer is deposited on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure by a magnetron sputtering method.
  • the carbon nanotube structure with the Ti layer is exposed to the atmosphere, thus creating a sufficient contact between the Ti particles on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure and the oxygen gas in the atmosphere.
  • a plurality of successive titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles is formed after the reaction of the Ti layer and the oxygen gas.
  • TiO 2 titanium dioxide
  • the reacting materials are activated to grow nanoparticles.
  • the methods of activating the reaction materials can be by heating, laser scanning, reactive sputtering and any combination thereof.
  • the gas containing a silicon source and a carbon source is activated to grow silicon carbide nanoparticles by the heating method.
  • the metal and oxygen gas are activated to grow metallic oxide nanoparticles by the laser irradiating method. Vacuum sputtering of metal particles and oxygen gas grows metal oxide nanoparticles.
  • the laser scanning is used to render the reacting materials to react.
  • the reacting materials on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure can be reacted.
  • the reacting materials on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure diffuse along the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes from the position where the laser is scanned.
  • the carbon nanotube structure When the part of the surface of the carbon nanotube structure is scanned, the carbon nanotube structure can be arranged on a substrate.
  • the larger the heat transfer coefficient the faster the heat transfer toward the substrate and the slower the growth speed of the carbon nanotube structure. If the carbon nanotube structure is suspended on the frame, the carbon nanotube structure has the fastest heat transfer because of a small coefficient of the air.
  • Nanoparticles 104 are coated on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure and grow along the length direction of the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube structure.
  • the carbon nanotube composite material 10 is free-standing because the carbon nanotube structure utilized as the template is free-standing.
  • the carbon nanotube composite material 10 have three different sizes of TiO 2 nanoparticles formed by activating three different thicknesses, 10 nm, 20 nm, 50 nm of the reacting material layer.
  • the carbon nanotube composite material 10 includes a carbon nanotube structure 100 and a plurality of uniformly distributed TiO 2 nanoparticles. The size distribution of the TiO 2 nanoparticles diameter change with the Ti layer thickness. If the layer thickness is sufficiently small, the size of the nanoparticles diameter are more uniformly distributed.
  • FIG. 14 a TEM image of the carbon nanotube composite material 10 of FIG. 11 , a plurality of carbon nanotubes are embedded in one TiO 2 nanoparticle.
  • the method of introducing reacting materials into the carbon nanotube structure 100 and activating the reacting materials to grow the carbon nanotube composite material 10 is thus easy, low cost, and is suitable for mass production.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
US12/589,470 2009-03-21 2009-10-23 Composite material Abandoned US20100239849A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/592,497 US8298623B2 (en) 2009-03-21 2009-11-25 Method for making composite material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200910106339.9 2009-03-21
CN2009101063399A CN101837287B (zh) 2009-03-21 2009-03-21 碳纳米管纳米颗粒复合材料的制备方法

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/592,497 Continuation US8298623B2 (en) 2009-03-21 2009-11-25 Method for making composite material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100239849A1 true US20100239849A1 (en) 2010-09-23

Family

ID=42737921

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/589,470 Abandoned US20100239849A1 (en) 2009-03-21 2009-10-23 Composite material
US12/592,497 Active 2030-07-03 US8298623B2 (en) 2009-03-21 2009-11-25 Method for making composite material

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/592,497 Active 2030-07-03 US8298623B2 (en) 2009-03-21 2009-11-25 Method for making composite material

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US20100239849A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5175313B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN101837287B (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110097512A1 (en) * 2009-10-23 2011-04-28 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube composite, method for making the same, and electrochemical capacitor using the same
US20110311729A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Method for making surface-enhanced raman scattering substrate
US8323607B2 (en) 2010-06-29 2012-12-04 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube structure
US9613882B2 (en) * 2014-07-28 2017-04-04 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Nanoparticle thermal interface agents for reducing thermal conductance resistance

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007015710A2 (en) 2004-11-09 2007-02-08 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System The fabrication and application of nanofiber ribbons and sheets and twisted and non-twisted nanofiber yarns
CN103086351B (zh) * 2010-12-27 2015-03-11 清华大学 碳纳米管复合结构
CN102092670B (zh) 2010-12-27 2013-04-17 清华大学 碳纳米管复合结构及其制备方法
CN102737935B (zh) * 2011-04-14 2015-08-26 清华大学 透射电镜微栅
CN102505144B (zh) * 2011-11-03 2014-12-10 苏州大学 一种有机微纳结构定向生长的制备方法
US9937556B2 (en) * 2011-11-15 2018-04-10 The Regents Of The University Of California Templated synthesis of metal nanorods in silica nanotubes
CN103187219B (zh) * 2011-12-27 2015-09-30 清华大学 碳纳米管发射体的制备方法
WO2014022667A2 (en) 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 The Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Coiled and non-coiled twisted nanofiber yarn and polymer fiber torsional and tensile actuators
CN104882346B (zh) * 2015-04-02 2017-01-25 天津师范大学 一种碳纳米颗粒包覆的碳纳米管阵列场发射阴极的制备方法
CN105540534B (zh) * 2015-12-10 2017-10-13 商丘师范学院 一种纳米管纳米颗粒复合材料
CN106953079B (zh) * 2017-03-27 2019-11-12 华中科技大学 一种多级结构碳纳米管/二氧化锡复合材料及其制备方法
KR101918849B1 (ko) 2017-05-02 2019-02-08 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 니켈이 코팅된 탄소나노튜브 및 산화아연을 이용한 하이브리드-나노탄소 항균 페이스트 제조방법
CN107520464A (zh) * 2017-09-01 2017-12-29 江苏科技大学 一种制备铁纳米颗粒/大直径碳纳米管复合材料的方法
CN114623605B (zh) * 2020-12-14 2023-08-22 清华大学 太阳能集热器及太阳能热水器
CN114433046B (zh) * 2021-12-22 2023-12-26 东南大学 负载有氧化钛纳米颗粒的碳基材料及其制备方法和应用

Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040047038A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Kai-Li Jiang Optical polarizer and method for fabricating such optical polarizer
US20040241532A1 (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-02 Kim Young Nam Carbon nanotube or carbon nanofiber electrode comprising sulfur or metal nanoparticles as a binder and process for preparing the same
US20050058797A1 (en) * 2003-09-08 2005-03-17 Nantero, Inc. High purity nanotube fabrics and films
US20050202684A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-09-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing inorganic nanotube
US7008563B2 (en) * 2000-08-24 2006-03-07 William Marsh Rice University Polymer-wrapped single wall carbon nanotubes
US7045108B2 (en) * 2002-09-16 2006-05-16 Tsinghua University Method for fabricating carbon nanotube yarn
US20060285210A1 (en) * 2002-12-31 2006-12-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer optical film with nanoparticles
US20070161213A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-07-12 Hidefumi Hiura Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
US20070166223A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-07-19 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube yarn and method for making the same
US20080170982A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2008-07-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Fabrication and Application of Nanofiber Ribbons and Sheets and Twisted and Non-Twisted Nanofiber Yarns
US20080187684A1 (en) * 2007-02-07 2008-08-07 Imra America, Inc. Method for depositing crystalline titania nanoparticles and films
US20080239489A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 Tsinghua University Optical polarizer and method for fabricating the same
US20080248235A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-10-09 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube film structure and method for fabricating the same
US20080299031A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Tsinghua University Method for making a carbon nanotube film
US20090008712A1 (en) * 2007-06-22 2009-01-08 Samusung Electronics, Co., Ltd. Carbon nano-tube (cnt) thin film comprising metallic nano-particles, and a manufacturing method thereof
US20090015984A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2009-01-15 Leonid Grigorian Capacitors comprising organized assemblies of carbon and non-carbon compounds
US20090075171A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Tsinghua University Anode of a lithium battery and method for fabricating the same
US20090075157A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2009-03-19 Pak Chan-Ho Carbon nanotube for fuel cell, nanocomposite comprising the same, method for making the same, and fuel cell using the same
US20090175757A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2009-07-09 Northwestern University Titanium dioxide, single-walled carbon nanotube composites
US20110183139A1 (en) * 2006-05-01 2011-07-28 Leonid Grigorian Organized carbon and non-carbon assembly

Family Cites Families (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000347013A (ja) * 1999-04-02 2000-12-15 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd 親水性鏡及びその製造方法
JP2001146408A (ja) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-29 Toshiba Corp 水素貯蔵材料およびその製造方法
FR2832649B1 (fr) * 2001-11-23 2004-07-09 Sicat Composites a base de nanotubes ou nanofibres de carbone deposes sur un support active pour application en catalyse
US6911260B2 (en) * 2002-01-11 2005-06-28 Trustees Of Boston College Reinforced carbon nanotubes
KR100687147B1 (ko) * 2002-07-12 2007-02-27 샤프 가부시키가이샤 능동 소자 기판, 능동 소자 기판의 제조 방법, 능동 기능 소자, 다색 표시 장치, 및 표시 모듈
JP2004059409A (ja) 2002-07-31 2004-02-26 Junji Nakamura カーボンナノ材料、その製法及び水素貯蔵材料
IE20050054A1 (en) * 2004-02-05 2005-09-21 Univ Wollongong Nanostructure material and process for the preparation thereof
US7803262B2 (en) * 2004-04-23 2010-09-28 Florida State University Research Foundation Alignment of carbon nanotubes using magnetic particles
US20060222850A1 (en) 2005-04-01 2006-10-05 The University Of Chicago Synthesis of a self assembled hybrid of ultrananocrystalline diamond and carbon nanotubes
CN1304280C (zh) 2004-06-25 2007-03-14 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 四氧化三钴纳米晶包裹碳纳米管复合粉体及制备方法
US7390760B1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2008-06-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Composite nanofiber materials and methods for making same
EP1790977A1 (en) * 2005-11-23 2007-05-30 SONY DEUTSCHLAND GmbH Nanoparticle/nanofiber based chemical sensor, arrays of such sensors, uses and method of fabrication thereof, and method of detecting an analyte
TWI312337B (en) 2005-12-16 2009-07-21 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Method for making the carbon nanotubes silk
CN1803586A (zh) 2005-12-19 2006-07-19 广东工业大学 采用纳米碳管模板法制备氮化硅纳米丝的方法
JP2007213859A (ja) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-23 Tokyo Institute Of Technology 酸化物複合材料、その製造方法および酸化還元電極
JP2007217194A (ja) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-30 Japan Advanced Institute Of Science & Technology Hokuriku 表面修飾カーボンナノ材料及びＰｔ系触媒の製造方法
JP4863361B2 (ja) * 2006-03-28 2012-01-25 パナソニック電工株式会社 カーボンナノチューブの製造方法
WO2008000045A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 University Of Wollongong Nanostructured composites
CN101311306A (zh) 2007-05-21 2008-11-26 辽宁科技大学 一种纳米碳管表面镀铜的制备方法
CN101255544B (zh) * 2008-03-21 2012-06-27 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 纳米金属或金属氧化物/碳纳米管复合材料的制备方法
CN100590069C (zh) 2008-03-28 2010-02-17 山东大学 一种制备氮化硼包覆碳纳米管或纳米线及氮化硼纳米管的方法
CN101255591B (zh) 2008-04-03 2011-01-26 厦门大学 一种碳纳米管/纳米镍复合薄膜材料的制备方法
CN101255590B (zh) 2008-04-03 2011-03-30 厦门大学 一种碳纳米管/纳米铂复合薄膜材料的制备方法
CN101348936B (zh) * 2008-09-17 2010-08-25 吉林大学 定向排列碳纳米管与碳包覆钴纳米颗粒复合物及其制备方法
CN101712468B (zh) * 2008-09-30 2014-08-20 清华大学 碳纳米管复合材料及其制备方法
CN101857217B (zh) * 2009-04-07 2013-03-20 清华大学 碳纳米管金属复合物及其制备方法
EP2459483A2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-06-06 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures
KR101906262B1 (ko) * 2010-02-02 2018-10-10 어플라이드 나노스트럭처드 솔루션스, 엘엘씨. 평행하게-정렬된 카본 나노튜브를 포함하는 섬유
CN103118975A (zh) * 2010-09-22 2013-05-22 应用奈米结构公司 具有碳纳米管成长于其上的碳纤维基板及其制造方法

Patent Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7008563B2 (en) * 2000-08-24 2006-03-07 William Marsh Rice University Polymer-wrapped single wall carbon nanotubes
US20050202684A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-09-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing inorganic nanotube
US20040047038A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Kai-Li Jiang Optical polarizer and method for fabricating such optical polarizer
US7045108B2 (en) * 2002-09-16 2006-05-16 Tsinghua University Method for fabricating carbon nanotube yarn
US20060285210A1 (en) * 2002-12-31 2006-12-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer optical film with nanoparticles
US20040241532A1 (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-02 Kim Young Nam Carbon nanotube or carbon nanofiber electrode comprising sulfur or metal nanoparticles as a binder and process for preparing the same
US20050058797A1 (en) * 2003-09-08 2005-03-17 Nantero, Inc. High purity nanotube fabrics and films
US20090075157A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2009-03-19 Pak Chan-Ho Carbon nanotube for fuel cell, nanocomposite comprising the same, method for making the same, and fuel cell using the same
US20080170982A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2008-07-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Fabrication and Application of Nanofiber Ribbons and Sheets and Twisted and Non-Twisted Nanofiber Yarns
US20070161213A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-07-12 Hidefumi Hiura Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
US20070166223A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-07-19 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube yarn and method for making the same
US8602765B2 (en) * 2005-12-16 2013-12-10 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube yarn, method and apparatus for making the same
US20110183139A1 (en) * 2006-05-01 2011-07-28 Leonid Grigorian Organized carbon and non-carbon assembly
US20080187684A1 (en) * 2007-02-07 2008-08-07 Imra America, Inc. Method for depositing crystalline titania nanoparticles and films
US20080248235A1 (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-10-09 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube film structure and method for fabricating the same
US20090015984A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2009-01-15 Leonid Grigorian Capacitors comprising organized assemblies of carbon and non-carbon compounds
US20080239489A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 Tsinghua University Optical polarizer and method for fabricating the same
US20090175757A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2009-07-09 Northwestern University Titanium dioxide, single-walled carbon nanotube composites
US20080299031A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Tsinghua University Method for making a carbon nanotube film
US20090008712A1 (en) * 2007-06-22 2009-01-08 Samusung Electronics, Co., Ltd. Carbon nano-tube (cnt) thin film comprising metallic nano-particles, and a manufacturing method thereof
US20090075171A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-19 Tsinghua University Anode of a lithium battery and method for fabricating the same

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110097512A1 (en) * 2009-10-23 2011-04-28 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube composite, method for making the same, and electrochemical capacitor using the same
US20110095237A1 (en) * 2009-10-23 2011-04-28 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube composite, method for making the same, and electrochemical capacitor using the same
US8246861B2 (en) * 2009-10-23 2012-08-21 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube composite, method for making the same, and electrochemical capacitor using the same
US8246860B2 (en) * 2009-10-23 2012-08-21 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube composite, method for making the same, and electrochemical capacitor using the same
US20110311729A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Method for making surface-enhanced raman scattering substrate
US8323607B2 (en) 2010-06-29 2012-12-04 Tsinghua University Carbon nanotube structure
US9613882B2 (en) * 2014-07-28 2017-04-04 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Nanoparticle thermal interface agents for reducing thermal conductance resistance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101837287A (zh) 2010-09-22
JP5175313B2 (ja) 2013-04-03
US8298623B2 (en) 2012-10-30
JP2010222244A (ja) 2010-10-07
US20100239850A1 (en) 2010-09-23
CN101837287B (zh) 2012-05-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8298623B2 (en) Method for making composite material
US9840773B2 (en) Method for making nanowire structure
US20100285300A1 (en) Nano-materials
US8563875B2 (en) Electromagnetic shielding layer and method for making the same
US8048256B2 (en) Carbon nanotube film structure and method for fabricating the same
TWI327177B (en) Carbon nanotube film and method for making same
US20100104808A1 (en) Carbon nanotube composite and method for fabricating the same
US8247036B2 (en) Method for making coaxial cable
US7750240B2 (en) Coaxial cable
CN101499328B (zh) 绞线
EP2402285B1 (en) Method for fabricating composite material comprising nano carbon and metal or ceramic
JP5551173B2 (ja) テープ材料上の金属／ｃｎｔ−及び／又はフラーレン複合体コーティング
US8581205B2 (en) Transmission electron microscope micro-grid
US9561962B2 (en) Reactor and method for growing carbon nanotube using the same
JP2009184908A (ja) カーボンナノチューブ複合物の製造方法
JP2009184909A (ja) 線状カーボンナノチューブ構造体の製造方法
US20040126649A1 (en) Simple procedure for growing highly-ordered nanofibers by self-catalytic growth
TWI339465B (en) Electromagnetic shielding layer and method for making the same
US8580343B2 (en) Method for fabricating composite carbon nanotube structure
TWI342027B (en) Method for making twisted yarn
TW201016598A (en) Carbon nanotube composite material and method for making the same
US9093199B2 (en) Method for making superconducting wire
JP5353689B2 (ja) Ｃｎｔ繊維及びその製造方法
CN102431991A (zh) 碳纳米管纳米颗粒复合材料
TWI393669B (zh) 奈米碳管複合材料及其製備方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY, CHINA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WANG, JIA-PING;JIANG, KAI-LI;LI, QUN-QING;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:023464/0585

Effective date: 20091022

Owner name: HON HAI PREICISON INDUSTRY CO., LTD., TAIWAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WANG, JIA-PING;JIANG, KAI-LI;LI, QUN-QING;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:023464/0585

Effective date: 20091022

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION