US20100163601A1 - Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system - Google Patents

Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100163601A1
US20100163601A1 US12/347,064 US34706408A US2010163601A1 US 20100163601 A1 US20100163601 A1 US 20100163601A1 US 34706408 A US34706408 A US 34706408A US 2010163601 A1 US2010163601 A1 US 2010163601A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
workpiece
vibration
force
pressure
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/347,064
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English (en)
Inventor
James GROOMS
Charles William Carrier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US12/347,064 priority Critical patent/US20100163601A1/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CARRIER, CHARLES WILLIAM, GROOMS, JAMES
Priority to EP09795618.9A priority patent/EP2384256B1/en
Priority to CA2748255A priority patent/CA2748255C/en
Priority to PCT/US2009/067463 priority patent/WO2010077763A1/en
Priority to JP2011544454A priority patent/JP5639597B2/ja
Publication of US20100163601A1 publication Critical patent/US20100163601A1/en
Priority to US13/241,409 priority patent/US8196800B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/121—Control circuits therefor

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is directed to a system and method for friction welding.
  • the present disclosure relates to monitoring vibration during friction welding.
  • a friction welding system utilizes friction between surfaces to be joined to produce heat that bonds a first workpiece and a second workpiece together.
  • the two workpieces to be bonded are mounted on an inertial welding machine.
  • the first workpiece is held stationary, while the second workpiece is rotated rapidly on a spindle attached to a fly wheel.
  • the fly wheel reaches a predetermined speed, the fly wheel is disengaged and pressure is applied to the first workpiece to urge the first workpiece against the second workpiece.
  • Kinetic friction between the first workpiece and the second workpiece generates heat sufficient to form a bond between the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
  • the first workpiece may be urged against the second workpiece with pressure applied with hydraulic cylinders or similar arrangements. Operation of the inertial welding machine may result in vibration. This vibration can correlate to energy diverted from the bond of the first workpiece and the second workpiece. This vibration energy is diverted to other areas of the workpieces and tooling. The vibration energy can cause damage to the workpieces and tooling that can be identified by inspection after the weld process is complete. Such inspection adds complexity and cost to the process. The vibration can be reduced or eliminated by damping. However, systems and equipment for damping are expensive and are not fully reliable.
  • a friction welding system includes a welding arrangement configured to impart kinetic friction between at least one surface of a first workpiece and at least one surface of a second workpiece to form a weld, a force providing mechanism arranged and disposed for applying a force to one or both of the first workpiece and the second workpiece, and a sensor arranged and disposed to measure a parameter of the welding arrangement, wherein an amount of vibration is determinable from the measured parameter.
  • a friction welding system in another exemplary embodiment, includes a welding arrangement configured to impart kinetic friction between at least one surface of a first workpiece and at least one surface of a second workpiece to form a weld, a force providing mechanism arranged and disposed to provide a force to one or both of the first workpiece and the second workpiece, a sensor arranged and disposed to measure a parameter of the welding arrangement, wherein an amount of vibration is determinable from the measured parameter, a controller configured to adjust the force provided by the force providing mechanism in response to the measured parameter, and a pressure circuit in fluid communication with the welding arrangement.
  • the sensor is configured to measure the vibration of the welding arrangement
  • the controller is further configured to adjust the force provided by the force providing mechanism by providing pressure pulses or variation in the pressure circuit based upon the measured parameter.
  • a process of friction welding includes providing an friction welding system, monitoring the force applied by a force providing mechanism, determining the amount of vibration in response to a measured parameter, comparing an amount of vibration to a predetermined amount of vibration, and generating a signal in response to the amount of vibration.
  • the friction welding system includes a welding arrangement configured to impart kinetic friction between at least one surface of a first workpiece and at least one surface of a second workpiece to form a weld, the force providing mechanism arranged and disposed for applying the force to one or both of the first workpiece and the second workpiece, and a sensor arranged and disposed to measure the parameter of the welding arrangement, wherein the amount of vibration is determinable from the measured parameter.
  • One advantage of the present disclosure includes reduction or elimination of expensive processing and equipment of friction welded articles.
  • Another advantage of the present disclosure includes reduction or elimination of the need for expensive and unreliable equipment for vibration damping.
  • Another advantage of the present disclosure is improved weld quality and improved process control allowing for greater process efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an friction welding system.
  • FIG. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of an friction welding system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a friction welding process.
  • FIG. 4 shows another diagrammatic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a friction welding process.
  • FIG. 1 shows a friction welding system 100 .
  • the friction welding system 100 may include an inertial welding arrangement 107 , a force providing mechanism 109 , and a sensor 102 .
  • Inertial welding arrangement 107 is configured to impart a kinetic friction between at least one surface of a first workpiece 104 and at least one surface of a second workpiece 106 .
  • Welding arrangement 107 can include a first securing mechanism 108 arranged and disposed for receiving and securing first workpiece 104 .
  • first workpiece 104 is detachably secured by first securing mechanism 108 , which prevents rotation of first workpiece 104 .
  • First securing mechanism 108 can be attached to or integral with a hydraulic cylinder 110 .
  • Welding arrangement 107 can further include a second securing mechanism 112 arranged and disposed to receive and secure second workpiece 106 . As shown, second workpiece 106 can be secured by second securing mechanism 112 , while permitting second workpiece 106 to rotate (see 101 ). In one embodiment, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , second securing mechanism 112 is attached to a hydraulic bearing 114 . However, any suitable arrangement may be used to facilitate rotation, including an intergral bearing assembly.
  • force providing mechanism 109 of friction welding system 100 can provide a force to one or both of first workpiece 104 and second workpiece 106 .
  • Force providing mechanism 109 can include hydraulic cylinder 110 and hydraulic bearing 114 .
  • Hydraulic cylinder 110 provides a force by a piston 202 directing first securing mechanism 108 , and thus, first workpiece 104 toward second workpiece 106 .
  • first workpiece 104 and second workpiece 106 are forced together where the surfaces sliding over each other result in kinetic friction.
  • the kinetic friction generates heat to form a weld 204 .
  • the piston 202 applies force to urge first securing mechanism 108 toward second securing mechanism 112 by action of a pressure circuit 208 in fluid communication with hydraulic cylinder 110 .
  • pressure circuit 208 may be in fluid communication with hydraulic cylinder 110 and hydraulic bearings 114 .
  • Pressure circuit 208 can be arranged and disposed to provide a controllable pressure to at least one of hydraulic cylinder 110 or hydraulic bearings 114 .
  • pressure circuit 208 may be controlled by a pressure valve 210 configured to control pressure of pressure circuit 208 .
  • additional pressure valves throughout the pressure circuit can be included to provide additional control.
  • Friction welding system 100 uses rotary motion and pressure to produce heat resulting from kinetic friction to bond first workpiece 104 and second workpiece 106 together.
  • First workpiece 104 and second workpiece 106 are secured in welding arrangement 107 .
  • welding arrangement 107 provides rotary motion of second workpiece 106 .
  • Rotary motion may be provided by any suitable mechanism including a flywheel on spindle arrangement as is known in the art for inertial welding.
  • Kinetic friction between first workpiece 104 and the second workpiece 106 generates heat sufficient to form a bond between first workpiece 104 and second workpiece 106 .
  • vibration can occur. While not wishing to be bound by theory, vibration is believed to divert energy from a weld 204 formed by the bond between of first workpiece 104 and the second workpiece 106 , causing vibration energy to be imparted on other areas of the workpiece and tooling. This energy can cause workpiece and tooling damage. Identifying the damage after fabrication can result in increased expense of producing more scrap, production time, labor and/or equipment (for example, damping).
  • system 100 can include sensor 102 for determining the vibration.
  • Sensor 102 can be arranged and disposed for measuring a parameter relating to force providing mechanism 109 and determining the amount of vibration from the measured parameter.
  • the parameter may include, but is not limited to, fluid pressure; temperature; acoustic response; machine, tooling or workpiece acceleration; and/or machine, tooling or workpiece strain.
  • the vibration can occur on first securing mechanism 108 , which can result in vibration of hydraulic cylinder 110 .
  • sensor 102 can monitor vibration of hydraulic cylinder 110 by monitoring fluid pressure fluctuations within pressure circuit 208 .
  • system 100 can include a controller 212 .
  • Controller 212 receives signals from sensor 102 corresponding to the parameter measured by sensor 102 . For example, when fluid pressure fluctuations are measured by sensor 102 , controller 212 can determine the corresponding vibration and adjust the pressure of pressure circuit 208 in response to the determined vibration. As vibration increases, controller 212 may detect inconsistent pressure demands to provide the desired amount of force, thereby resulting in fluid pressure fluctuations. The detection of the inconsistent pressure demands and the corresponding vibration can thereby provide detection of workpiece damage.
  • Process 300 includes monitoring a parameter in a friction welding system (step 302 ).
  • the monitoring may include measuring or sensing, with a sensor or other suitable device, the fluid pressure within a pressure circuit.
  • Process 300 further includes determining the amount of vibration in response to the parameter (step 304 ). For example, determining the amount of vibration based upon high frequency (such as, 200 khz) fluid pressure data from a pressure circuit. Such determining may include transmission of signals or information from a sensor to a microprocessor or other suitable device.
  • Process 300 further includes comparing the amount of vibration to a predetermined amount of vibration (step 306 ) and generating a signal in response to the determination.
  • fluid pressure data can be used to automatically calculate whether the amount of vibration is above the predetermined level.
  • the signal can be transmitted resulting in a rejection of the part (step 310 ).
  • the signal can be transmitted resulting in process 300 determining whether welding of the part is complete (step 308 ). If welding of the part is complete (for example, “Yes” in FIG. 3 ), then the part can be accepted (step 312 ). If welding of the part is not complete (for example, “No” in FIG. 3 ), then the process can be repeated (step 302 ).
  • Process 400 includes monitoring a parameter in a friction welding system (step 402 ). For example, monitoring the fluid pressure provided to a hydraulic cylinder acting upon a first securing mechanism, and thus, urging the first workpiece toward a second workpiece.
  • Process 400 further includes determining the amount of vibration in response to the parameter (step 404 ). For example, determining the amount of vibration based upon high frequency (such as, 200 khz) pressure data from a pressure circuit.
  • Process 400 further includes comparing the amount of vibration to a predetermined amount of vibration (step 406 ) and generating a signal in response to the determination. For example, the pressure data can be used to automatically calculate whether the amount of vibration is above a predetermined level.
  • the signal can be transmitted resulting in process 400 determining whether vibration may be remedied (step 408 ).
  • the determination of whether vibration may be remedied can include comparing process limits based upon pressure data from the system, comparing process limits based upon preprogrammed specifications, consideration of the amount of times the process has attempted to remedy the vibration, and/or other suitable conditions. If the system determines vibration cannot be remedied (for example, “No” in FIG. 4 ), the part is rejected (step 410 ). If the system determines vibration can be remedied (for example, “Yes” in FIG.
  • a signal controller can provide a signal in response to the amount of vibration.
  • the response can include pressure pulses in the pressure circuit to stabilize a hydraulic cylinder and the process can be repeated to determine whether the pressure pulses stabilized the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the system can determine whether welding of the part is complete (step 414 ). If welding of the part is complete (for example, “Yes” in FIG. 4 ), then the part can be accepted (step 416 ). If welding of the part is not complete (for example, “No” in FIG. 4 ), then the process can be repeated (step 402 ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US12/347,064 2008-12-31 2008-12-31 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system Abandoned US20100163601A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/347,064 US20100163601A1 (en) 2008-12-31 2008-12-31 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system
EP09795618.9A EP2384256B1 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-10 Friction weld system and method with vibration quality monitoring means
CA2748255A CA2748255C (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-10 Friction weld system and method with vibration quality monitoring means
PCT/US2009/067463 WO2010077763A1 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-10 Friction weld system and method with vibration quality monitoring means
JP2011544454A JP5639597B2 (ja) 2008-12-31 2009-12-10 摩擦溶接振動品質モニタリング・システム
US13/241,409 US8196800B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2011-09-23 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system and methods

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/347,064 US20100163601A1 (en) 2008-12-31 2008-12-31 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/241,409 Division US8196800B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2011-09-23 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system and methods

Publications (1)

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US20100163601A1 true US20100163601A1 (en) 2010-07-01

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US12/347,064 Abandoned US20100163601A1 (en) 2008-12-31 2008-12-31 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system
US13/241,409 Active US8196800B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2011-09-23 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system and methods

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/241,409 Active US8196800B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2011-09-23 Friction weld vibration quality monitoring system and methods

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US (2) US20100163601A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2384256B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5639597B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2748255C (ja)
WO (1) WO2010077763A1 (ja)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102489972A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2012-06-13 魏占傲 汽车发动机挺杆的生产方法
US8544714B1 (en) 2012-11-15 2013-10-01 Fluor Technologies Corporation Certification of a weld produced by friction stir welding
WO2014077812A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Fluor Technologies Corporation Certification of a weld produced by friction stir welding
FR3015321A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-26 Snecma Machine de soudage a friction inertielle muni d'un dispositif de controle in situ des soudures
US20160199951A1 (en) * 2013-08-26 2016-07-14 Kyb-Ys Co., Ltd. Piston rod manufacturing method
US20160288247A1 (en) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Rolls-Royce Plc Friction welding vibration damping
US10286481B2 (en) 2012-11-05 2019-05-14 Fluor Technologies Corporation FSW tool with graduated composition change
US20200086421A1 (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-19 Apci, Llc Linear Friction Welding System with Pre-Heating
CN112192018A (zh) * 2020-09-16 2021-01-08 北京工业大学 一种机器人搅拌摩擦焊的主动抑振方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3185484A1 (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-06-28 Orange Improvements in network transmission of usb traffic
GR20160100143A (el) * 2016-04-11 2017-11-30 Αχιλλεας Αλεξανδρος Βαϊρης Ελεγχος κατεργασιων συγκολλησης με τριβη
US10670189B2 (en) 2017-07-19 2020-06-02 General Electric Company Systems and methods for storing and distributing gases

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US4060190A (en) * 1973-02-21 1977-11-29 Naphtachimie Process for joining tubular members of great length
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102489972A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2012-06-13 魏占傲 汽车发动机挺杆的生产方法
US10286481B2 (en) 2012-11-05 2019-05-14 Fluor Technologies Corporation FSW tool with graduated composition change
US8544714B1 (en) 2012-11-15 2013-10-01 Fluor Technologies Corporation Certification of a weld produced by friction stir welding
WO2014077812A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Fluor Technologies Corporation Certification of a weld produced by friction stir welding
US20160199951A1 (en) * 2013-08-26 2016-07-14 Kyb-Ys Co., Ltd. Piston rod manufacturing method
US9873165B2 (en) * 2013-08-26 2018-01-23 Kyb-Ys Co., Ltd. Piston rod manufacturing method
FR3015321A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-26 Snecma Machine de soudage a friction inertielle muni d'un dispositif de controle in situ des soudures
US20160288247A1 (en) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Rolls-Royce Plc Friction welding vibration damping
US9884388B2 (en) * 2015-04-01 2018-02-06 Rolls-Royce Plc Friction welding vibration damping
US20200086421A1 (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-19 Apci, Llc Linear Friction Welding System with Pre-Heating
US10850347B2 (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-12-01 Apci, Llc Linear friction welding system with pre-heating
CN112192018A (zh) * 2020-09-16 2021-01-08 北京工业大学 一种机器人搅拌摩擦焊的主动抑振方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5639597B2 (ja) 2014-12-10
JP2012513903A (ja) 2012-06-21
EP2384256B1 (en) 2015-06-17
WO2010077763A1 (en) 2010-07-08
US8196800B2 (en) 2012-06-12
CA2748255A1 (en) 2010-07-08
EP2384256A1 (en) 2011-11-09
CA2748255C (en) 2015-01-27
US20120012241A1 (en) 2012-01-19

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Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GROOMS, JAMES;CARRIER, CHARLES WILLIAM;REEL/FRAME:022283/0476

Effective date: 20090216

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