US20090205366A1 - Method for liquefaction of a stream rich in hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Method for liquefaction of a stream rich in hydrocarbons Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090205366A1
US20090205366A1 US11/817,379 US81737906A US2009205366A1 US 20090205366 A1 US20090205366 A1 US 20090205366A1 US 81737906 A US81737906 A US 81737906A US 2009205366 A1 US2009205366 A1 US 2009205366A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
fraction
hydrocarbon
refrigerant mixture
heat exchanger
lower boiling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/817,379
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Schmidt
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Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Assigned to LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHMIDT, HANS
Publication of US20090205366A1 publication Critical patent/US20090205366A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0092—Mixtures of hydrocarbons comprising possibly also minor amounts of nitrogen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, specifically a natural gas stream.
  • Natural gas liquefaction plants are laid out either as what are known as LNG baseload plants—plants for liquefying natural gas to provide natural gas as primary energy—or as what are known as peak shaving plants—plants for liquefying natural gas to meet peak demands.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify a generic process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, specifically of a natural gas stream, which avoids the disadvantages of the known processes and in addition allows a lower specific energy requirement to be realized.
  • one of the components is propane, propylene or a C 4 hydrocarbon
  • one of the components is C 2 H 4 or C 2 H 6 ,
  • the compression of the refrigerant mixture stream takes place by means of an at least two-stage compression
  • the refrigerant mixture is separated into a higher boiling and a lower boiling refrigerant fraction, and
  • the refrigerant mixture is a three-component refrigerant mixture
  • the refrigerant fractions are cooled separately, expanded separately to provide refrigeration and heated separately countercurrent to the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied
  • a further component of the refrigerant mixture is nitrogen
  • compression of the refrigerant mixture stream takes place by means of an at least two-stage compression and the higher boiling refrigerant fraction is admixed to the lower boiling refrigerant fraction at an intermediate pressure level
  • At least one C 4 to C 6 hydrocarbon is used as further component(s) of the refrigerant mixture; the use of additional refrigerant components makes sense in particular at greater liquefaction outputs above 10 t/h, and
  • At least one partial stream of the lower boiling refrigerant fractions is partially condensed and the liquid fraction obtained thereby is supercooled and expanded.
  • a dry, pre-treated hydrocarbon-rich stream for example natural gas
  • the hydrocarbon-rich stream is, as an example, at a pressure of between 10 and 60 bar.
  • the liquefied and, if necessary supercooled, hydrocarbon-rich stream is then taken through line X′ for further use.
  • a separation which may have to be provided, of undesirable components, for example higher hydrocarbons.
  • the cooling and liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich stream X, X′ takes place in accordance with the invention in the heat exchange countercurrent to a three or more component refrigerant mixture stream where one of the components is part of the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied—preferably methane—one of the components is propane, propylene or a C 4 hydrocarbon and one of the components is C 2 H 4 or C 2 H 6 .
  • the corresponding refrigeration circuit preferably has a two-stage compressor unit, consisting of the compressor stages C 1 and C 2 .
  • the refrigeration circuit further has a high-pressure extractor D. Providing only one high-pressure separator D reduces the operating cost of the process in accordance with the invention substantially—compared with the known refrigerant mixture circuits.
  • the refrigerant mixture is separated into a lower boiling and a higher boiling fraction.
  • the lower boiling fraction is removed from the separator D through line 2 , cooled in the heat exchanger E, condensed and supercooled and then expanded at the cold end of the heat exchanger E in expansion valve b, providing refrigeration.
  • the expanded fraction is again taken to the heat exchanger E through line 3 , evaporated and superheated therein countercurrent to process streams to be cooled and then taken to the first compressor stage C 1 through line 4 .
  • the compressed lower boiling fraction is taken to the second compressor stage C 2 through line 8 —the admixture of the higher boiling fraction will be discussed in more detail in what follows—and compressed to the desired circulation pressure which is, for example, between 20 and 60 bar.
  • a heat exchanger as cooler not shown in the drawing is also located in series with the second compressor stage C 2 .
  • the refrigerant mixture cooled and partially condensed in the cooler is taken back to the separator D through line 1 .
  • a higher boiling liquid fraction is drawn off from the bottom of the separator D through line 5 , cooled in the heat exchanger E and then expanded in expansion valve a to the desired intermediate pressure, providing refrigeration. Then this fraction is taken back to the heat exchanger E through line 6 , evaporated and superheated therein countercurrent to process streams to be cooled and then taken through line 7 to the compressor unit ahead of its second compressor stage C 2 .
  • At least one partial stream 9 of the lower boiling refrigerant fraction 2 can be drawn off from the heat exchanger following cooling and partial condensation through the broken line 9 , and taken to (“cold”) separator D′ indicated by broken lines.
  • the gaseous fraction drawn off at the head of the separator D′ through line 10 indicated by broken lines, is again returned to the heat exchanger E, supercooled and expanded for the purpose of providing the peak cold in valve b required for the liquefaction process.
  • the liquid fraction drawn off from the bottom of the separator D′ through the broken line 11 is supercooled in the heat exchanger E, expanded in valve c providing refrigeration, taken to the heat exchanger E through line 12 and admixed to the refrigerant fraction in line 3 .
  • the higher boiling fractions recovered in the separator D′ and any additional “cold separators” are preferably supercooled, expanded to the pressure of the (first) higher boiling fraction and taken to the compressor stage to which the (first) higher boiling fraction is also taken.
  • This embodiment of the process in accordance with the invention is indicated in the drawing by the dotted line 13 .
  • admixture to the low-pressure refrigerant stream in line sections 3 and 4 also makes sense.
  • the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich stream takes place countercurrent to the refrigerant mixture in plate heat exchangers. Because of the process management in accordance with the invention, process management can be realized in a single plate heat exchanger in liquefaction plants having a liquefaction capacity of up to 10 to 15 t/h.
US11/817,379 2005-03-04 2006-02-28 Method for liquefaction of a stream rich in hydrocarbons Abandoned US20090205366A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005010055A DE102005010055A1 (de) 2005-03-04 2005-03-04 Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
DE102005010055.4 2005-03-04
PCT/EP2006/001804 WO2006094675A1 (de) 2005-03-04 2006-02-28 Verfahren zum verflüssigen eines kohlenwasserstoff-reichen stromes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090205366A1 true US20090205366A1 (en) 2009-08-20

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Family Applications (1)

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US11/817,379 Abandoned US20090205366A1 (en) 2005-03-04 2006-02-28 Method for liquefaction of a stream rich in hydrocarbons

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20090205366A1 (no)
EP (1) EP1864062A1 (no)
CN (1) CN101189483A (no)
AU (1) AU2006222325B2 (no)
BR (1) BRPI0609292A2 (no)
CA (1) CA2600027A1 (no)
DE (1) DE102005010055A1 (no)
NO (1) NO20075003L (no)
RU (1) RU2007136598A (no)
WO (1) WO2006094675A1 (no)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110226008A1 (en) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-22 Tim Gushanas Integrated pre-cooled mixed refrigerant system and method
US20130008204A1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2013-01-10 University Of Manchester Refrigeration process
WO2014146138A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US20150338161A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2015-11-26 Korea Institute Of Energy Research System and method for liquefying natural gas
KR20160009545A (ko) * 2013-05-20 2016-01-26 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
KR20160015919A (ko) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-15 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
KR101615443B1 (ko) * 2014-08-01 2016-04-25 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
US10663221B2 (en) 2015-07-08 2020-05-26 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11408673B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-09 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11428463B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2022-08-30 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008019392A1 (de) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoffreichen Fraktion
CN102336626B (zh) * 2010-07-28 2014-03-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 丁二烯抽提装置废气的利用方法
CN102304403B (zh) * 2011-08-08 2013-07-24 成都赛普瑞兴科技有限公司 一种丙烯预冷混合冷剂液化天然气的方法及装置
CN107436072B (zh) * 2017-08-14 2019-11-29 新地能源工程技术有限公司 带有制冷剂补充装置的天然气液化系统及方法
FR3098574B1 (fr) * 2019-07-10 2021-06-25 Air Liquide Dispositif de réfrigération et/ou de liquéfaction

Citations (9)

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US3747359A (en) * 1969-08-01 1973-07-24 Linde Ag Gas liquefaction by a fractionally condensed refrigerant
US4094655A (en) * 1973-08-29 1978-06-13 Heinrich Krieger Arrangement for cooling fluids
US4274849A (en) * 1974-11-21 1981-06-23 Campagnie Francaise d'Etudes et de Construction Technip Method and plant for liquefying a gas with low boiling temperature
US4325231A (en) * 1976-06-23 1982-04-20 Heinrich Krieger Cascade cooling arrangement
US4404008A (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-09-13 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Combined cascade and multicomponent refrigeration method with refrigerant intercooling
US4755200A (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-07-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Feed gas drier precooling in mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction processes
US5832745A (en) * 1995-04-18 1998-11-10 Shell Oil Company Cooling a fluid stream
US6347532B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2002-02-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Gas liquefaction process with partial condensation of mixed refrigerant at intermediate temperatures
US6347531B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2002-02-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Single mixed refrigerant gas liquefaction process

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GB1392972A (en) * 1972-09-25 1975-05-07 Petrocarbon Dev Ltd Cooling fluids at low temperatures
DE19612173C1 (de) * 1996-03-27 1997-05-28 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines kohlenwasserstoffreichen Einsatzstromes
DE10209799A1 (de) * 2002-03-06 2003-09-25 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747359A (en) * 1969-08-01 1973-07-24 Linde Ag Gas liquefaction by a fractionally condensed refrigerant
US4094655A (en) * 1973-08-29 1978-06-13 Heinrich Krieger Arrangement for cooling fluids
US4274849A (en) * 1974-11-21 1981-06-23 Campagnie Francaise d'Etudes et de Construction Technip Method and plant for liquefying a gas with low boiling temperature
US4325231A (en) * 1976-06-23 1982-04-20 Heinrich Krieger Cascade cooling arrangement
US4404008A (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-09-13 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Combined cascade and multicomponent refrigeration method with refrigerant intercooling
US4755200A (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-07-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Feed gas drier precooling in mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction processes
US5832745A (en) * 1995-04-18 1998-11-10 Shell Oil Company Cooling a fluid stream
US6347532B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2002-02-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Gas liquefaction process with partial condensation of mixed refrigerant at intermediate temperatures
US6347531B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2002-02-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Single mixed refrigerant gas liquefaction process

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10502483B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2019-12-10 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Integrated pre-cooled mixed refrigerant system and method
US9441877B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2016-09-13 Chart Inc. Integrated pre-cooled mixed refrigerant system and method
US20110226008A1 (en) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-22 Tim Gushanas Integrated pre-cooled mixed refrigerant system and method
US9562717B2 (en) * 2010-03-25 2017-02-07 The University Of Manchester Refrigeration process
GB2491796B (en) * 2010-03-25 2016-02-24 Univ Manchester Refrigeration process
US20130008204A1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2013-01-10 University Of Manchester Refrigeration process
US20150338161A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2015-11-26 Korea Institute Of Energy Research System and method for liquefying natural gas
EP2972028A4 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-07-19 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11428463B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2022-08-30 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11408673B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-09 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US10480851B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-11-19 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
JP2016517502A (ja) * 2013-03-15 2016-06-16 チャート・エナジー・アンド・ケミカルズ，インコーポレーテッド 混合冷媒システムおよび方法
WO2014146138A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
KR20160009545A (ko) * 2013-05-20 2016-01-26 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
KR101724226B1 (ko) * 2013-05-20 2017-04-06 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
KR101630518B1 (ko) * 2014-08-01 2016-06-14 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
KR101615443B1 (ko) * 2014-08-01 2016-04-25 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
KR20160015919A (ko) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-15 한국가스공사 천연가스 액화공정
US10663221B2 (en) 2015-07-08 2020-05-26 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
EP3954959A2 (en) 2015-07-08 2022-02-16 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11408676B2 (en) 2015-07-08 2022-08-09 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005010055A1 (de) 2006-09-07
BRPI0609292A2 (pt) 2010-03-09
AU2006222325A1 (en) 2006-09-14
RU2007136598A (ru) 2009-04-10
CA2600027A1 (en) 2006-09-14
AU2006222325B2 (en) 2011-03-24
WO2006094675A1 (de) 2006-09-14
NO20075003L (no) 2007-10-03
CN101189483A (zh) 2008-05-28
EP1864062A1 (de) 2007-12-12

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AS Assignment

Owner name: LINDE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SCHMIDT, HANS;REEL/FRAME:021482/0577

Effective date: 20071011

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION