KR100962627B1 - 가스 액화를 위한 통합식 다중-루프 냉동 방법 - Google Patents
가스 액화를 위한 통합식 다중-루프 냉동 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100962627B1 KR100962627B1 KR1020057017530A KR20057017530A KR100962627B1 KR 100962627 B1 KR100962627 B1 KR 100962627B1 KR 1020057017530 A KR1020057017530 A KR 1020057017530A KR 20057017530 A KR20057017530 A KR 20057017530A KR 100962627 B1 KR100962627 B1 KR 100962627B1
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- vaporized
- heat exchange
- auxiliary
- temperature
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 357
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-pentane Natural products CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/042—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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- F25J1/0087—Propane; Propylene
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0218—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one or more SCR cycles, e.g. with a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
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Abstract
Description
미국 특허 제4,112,700호에는, 최저온 열교환 구역에서 기화되는 냉매가 천연 가스를 더 낮은 레벨로 냉각하는 열교환 구역에서 냉각된 후, 상기 냉매의 일부분의 기화가 일어나는 보조 열교환 구역에서 냉각되는 공정을 통해, 천연 가스를 액화하는 것이 개시되어 있다.
미국 특허 제4,057,972호의 도 4를 참조하면 3개의 열교환 구역을 이용한 천연 가스의 액화가 개시되어 있다. 제1 열교환 구역과 제2 열교환 구역에서, 천연 가스 공급물은 프로판을 서로 다른 압력에서 기화시키는 것을 통해 냉각되는데, 제2 열교환 구역의 압력은 제1 열교환 구역의 압력보다 높다. 이들 열교환 구역으로부터의 기화된 프로판 스트림은 압축 및 응축되어 단일 액체 냉매 스트림을 제공하고, 이 단일 액체 냉매 스트림으로부터의 냉동 부하는 제1 열교환 구역 및 제2 열교환 구역을 플래싱(flashing)하기 위해 각 냉매 스트림으로 분리하기 이전에 공기 또는 물로 배출된다. 제1 열교환 구역은 건조 이전에 공급 가스를 약 70℉(21℃)로 식히고, 제2 열교환 구역은 약 -40℉(-40℃)로 냉각하는 것을 통해 상기 건조된 공급 가스로부터 중탄화수소를 제거한다. 그 후, 탄화수소가 제거된 공급 가스는 다성분 냉매(MCR)의 가장 가벼운 부분을 기화시키는 것을 통해 제3 열교환 구역에서 액화된다. 제3 열교환 구역은 제1 열교환 구역 및 제2 열교환 구역을 포함하는 냉매 사이클과는 독립적으로 작동하는 MCR 캐스케이드 열교환기의 저온 단부에 위치한다. 가장 가벼운 부분을 포함하는 MCR 스트림은 무거운 MCR 부분을 기화하는 것을 통해 캐스케이스 열교환기의 더 따뜻한 부분에서 냉각된다.
Claims (27)
- 제1 온도 영역, 제2 온도 영역 및 제3 온도 영역 각각에서 3개의 열교환 구역(310, 311, 312)을 통해 공급 가스 스트림을 연속적으로 냉각하여 액화 생성물(13)을 제공하는 것을 포함하고, 제1 온도 영역에서 공급 가스 스트림을 냉각하기 위한 냉동은 제1 기화 냉매(117)에 의해 제공되며, 제2 온도 영역에서 공급 가스 스트림을 냉각하기 위한 냉동은 제2 기화 냉매(213)에 의해 제공되며, 제3 온도 영역에서 공급 가스 스트림을 냉각하기 위한 냉동은 제3 기화 냉매(315)에 의해 제공되고, 제1 기화 냉매, 제2 기화 냉매 및 제3 기화 냉매는 서로 다른 조성으로 이루어지는 것인 가스(1) 액화 방법에 있어서,(최저온) 제3 열교환 구역(312)에서 기화된 제3 기화 냉매(315)로부터 보조 냉매(373, 377)가 유도되고, 제2 열교환 구역(311)에서 가장 낮은 온도보다 높은 온도에 있어서 상기 보조 냉매가 기화(357, 379)함으로써, 추가의 냉동이 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 보조 냉매(373)는 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에서 기화되는 냉매(315)와 동일한 조성을 갖지만 다른 압력으로 기화(357)되는 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에 대한 냉매(315)는,(1) 중간 압축된 냉매(365)를 제공하기 위해, 기화된 냉매(316)를 압축(359) 및 냉각(362)하고;(2) 결합된 중간 냉매를 제공하기 위해, 중간 압축된 냉매(365)를 기화된 보조 냉매(367)와 결합하며;(3) 냉각 압축된 냉매(328)를 제공하기 위해, 상기 결합된 중간 냉매를 압축(319) 및 냉각(320)하고;(4) 일부(329)는 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에 냉매(315)를 제공하고 다른 일부는 보조 냉매(373)를 제공하는 것인 결합된 냉매(369)를 제공하기 위해, 상기 냉각 압축된 냉매(328)를 기화 보조 냉매(373)와의 간접 열교환에 의해 추가로 냉각 및 응축(357)하는 것에 의해 제공되는 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 보조 냉매(377)는 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에서 기화된 냉매(315)와 조성이 다른 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 보조 냉매(377)는,(1) 일부 또는 전부 기화된 가온 냉매(316)를 제공하기 위해, 상기 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에서 냉매(315)를 일부 또는 전부 기화시키며;(2) 보조 냉매(377)를 제공하기 위해, 가온 냉매(316)를 냉각 감압(375)된 냉매와 결합하는 것에 의해 제공되고, 상기 냉각 감압된 냉매는,(3) 기화된 보조 냉매(381)를 생성하기 위해, 보조 냉매(377)를 기화(379)시키며;(4) 냉각, 압축, 부분 응축된 보조 냉매(328)를 제공하기 위해, 상기 기화된 보조 냉매를 압축(319) 및 냉각(320)하고;(5) 냉각, 압축, 부분 응축된 보조 냉매(328)를 액체 부분(383)과 증기 부분(385)으로 분리(330)하며;(6) 냉각된 액체 냉매(389)를 제공하기 위해, 기화 보조 냉매(377)와의 간접 열교환(379)에 의해 액체 부분(383)을 추가로 냉각하고;(7) 냉각 감압(375)된 냉매를 제공하기 위해, 상기 냉각된 액체 냉매(389)를 감압(375)하는 것에 의해 제공되는 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 공급 가스 스트림(1)은 천연 가스인 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제1 기화 냉매는 단일 조성의 냉매이거나 다중 조성의 냉매이고, 제2 기화 냉매 및 제3 기화 냉매는 각각 다중 조성의 냉매인 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제1, 제2 및 제3 온도 영역은 별개의 폐-루프 시스템인 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제1 열교환 구역(310)은 공급 가스 스트림을 -35℃와 -55℃ 사이로 냉각하고, 제2 열교환 구역(311)은 공급 가스 스트림을 -40℃와 -100℃ 사이로 냉각하며, 제3 열교환 구역(312)은 공급 가스 스트림을 -85℃와 -160℃ 사이로 냉각하는 것인 가스 액화 방법.
- 제1 온도 영역, 제2 온도 영역 및 제3 온도 영역 각각을 통해 공급 가스 스트림(1)을 연속적으로 냉각하여 액화 생성물(13)을 제공하기 위한 3개의 열교환 구역(310, 311, 312)을 포함하고, 이들 열교환 구역(310, 311, 312)에 서로 다른 조성으로 이루어진 제1 냉매(117), 제2 냉매(213) 및 제3 냉매(315)를 각각 제공하기 위한 각각의 냉동 시스템을 포함하는, 제1항의 가스 액화 방법에 의해 가스 스트림(1)을 액화하기 위한 가스 스트림 액화 시스템에 있어서,(최저온) 제3 열교환 구역(312)에서 기화된 제3 냉매(315)로부터 보조 냉매(373, 377)가 유도되고, 제2 열교환 구역(311)의 가장 낮은 온도보다 높은 온도에 있어서 상기 보조 냉매를 기화시키기 위한 추가의 열교환 구역(357, 379)이 존재하는 것을 특징으로 하는 가스 스트림 액화 시스템.
- 제10항에 있어서, 보조 냉매(373)는 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에서 기화되는 냉매(315)와 동일한 조성을 갖지만 상기 추가의 열교환 구역(357)에서 다른 압력으로 기화되는 것인 가스 스트림 액화 시스템.
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,기화된 냉매(316)를 압축(359) 및 냉각(362)하여 중간 압축된 냉매(365)를 제공하기 위한 수단;중간 압축된 냉매(365)를 기화된 보조 냉매(367)와 결합하여 결합된 중간 냉매를 제공하기 위한 수단; 및상기 결합된 중간 냉매를 압축(319) 및 냉각(320)하여 냉각 압축된 냉매(328)를 제공하기 위한 수단을 포함하고,추가의 열교환 구역(357)은 기화 보조 냉매(373)와의 간접 열교환에 의해 냉각 압축된 냉매(328)를 추가로 냉각 및 응축하는 것을 통해, 일부(329)는 최저온 열교환 구역(312)에 냉매(315)를 제공하고 다른 일부는 보조 냉매(373)를 제공하는 것인 결합된 냉매(369)를 제공하는 것인 가스 스트림 액화 시스템.
- 제10항 또는 제11항에 있어서,보조 냉매(377)는 상기 추가의 열교환 구역에서 기화되어 기화된 보조 냉매(381)를 생성하고,상기 시스템은,최저온 열교환 구역(312)으로부터 일부 또는 전부 기화된 가온 냉매(316)를 냉각 감압(375)된 냉매와 결합하여 보조 냉매(377)를 제공하기 위한 수단;기화 보조 냉매를 압축(319) 및 냉각(320)하여 냉각, 압축, 부분 응축된 보조 냉매(328)를 제공하기 위한 수단;냉각, 압축, 부분 응축된 보조 냉매(328)를 액체 부분(383) 및 증기 부분(385)으로 분리(330)하기 위한 수단;기화 보조 냉매(377)와의 간접 열교환(379)에 의해 액체 부분(383)을 추가로 냉각하여 냉각된 액체 냉매(389)를 제공하기 위한 수단; 및냉각된 액체 냉매(389)의 압력을 감소시켜 냉각 감압(375)된 냉매를 제공하기 위한 수단(375)을 포함하는 것인 가스 스트림 액화 시스템.
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CN114576927A (zh) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-03 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | 一种焦炉煤气制备lng深冷方法 |
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2004
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AU2004221609A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
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US7308805B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 |
NO337893B1 (no) | 2016-07-04 |
EP1613909A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
EG23830A (en) | 2007-10-01 |
AU2004221609B2 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
US20060162378A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
CA2519212C (en) | 2009-07-14 |
MXPA05009889A (es) | 2005-12-05 |
RU2307297C2 (ru) | 2007-09-27 |
KR20050110029A (ko) | 2005-11-22 |
WO2004083752A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
CA2519212A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
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