US20080038979A1 - Method For The Production Of Non-Woven, Non-Woven, And Use Thereof - Google Patents

Method For The Production Of Non-Woven, Non-Woven, And Use Thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080038979A1
US20080038979A1 US10/589,574 US58957405A US2008038979A1 US 20080038979 A1 US20080038979 A1 US 20080038979A1 US 58957405 A US58957405 A US 58957405A US 2008038979 A1 US2008038979 A1 US 2008038979A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
filament yarns
woven fabric
woven
woven fabrics
cellulose
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Abandoned
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US10/589,574
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Weigel
Hans-Peter Fink
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Assigned to FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN reassignment FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FINK, HANS-PETER, WEIGEL, PETER
Publication of US20080038979A1 publication Critical patent/US20080038979A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/013—Regenerated cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/647—Including a foamed layer or component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the production of non-woven fabrics, in which a lyotropic solution of cellulose carbamate in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO) is spun into a plurality of filament yarns by means of extrusion through a nozzle beam containing a plurality of openings via an air gap into a regenerating bath, said filament yarns being intermingled subsequently by being subjected to a flow with gaseous medium and/or fluid.
  • NMMNO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
  • the invention likewise relates to non-woven fabrics of this type and the use thereof.
  • Non-wovens are textile fabrics, in the case of which the cohesion of fibres is ensured not by weaving or knitting but by interlocking and sometimes also by adhesion after intermingling of the fibres. Because of the versatile options for use and the low production costs, non-woven production still has high annual growth rates. The advantages of these non-woven materials reside in particular in the high moisture absorption, high variability of density and thickness and also the extensive surface anisotropy, from which the numerous options for use arise, e.g.
  • non-woven formation from short fibres, staple fibres or continuous filament yarns is possible.
  • the methods of non-woven formation from filament yarns termed as “spunbonding” or as “spunlacing” have the advantage that spinning of the fibres and formation into non-wovens are effected in one process, and are the subject of this invention.
  • a multiplicity of fibre-forming polymers can be used as starter material for the non-woven fabrics.
  • Non-woven fabrics comprising continuous filaments are produced preferably from synthetic fibres, such as polyester, polyacrylnitrile or polypropylene. Viscose fibres are used preferably as short or staple fibres for non-woven production.
  • Another method resides in precipitation of a solution of cellulose in a system comprising N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO) and water (U.S. Pat. No. 3,767,756, DE 28 30 685), the solution being extruded into an aqueous regenerating bath via an air gap.
  • NMMNO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
  • the method is also used for the production of non-woven products (WO 00/18991, WO 98/07911).
  • a further known method for the production of fibres and other moulded articles comprising regenerated cellulose resides in the precipitation of a solution of cellulose carbamate (EP-A 57 105, EP-A 178 292) which is formed by conversion of cellulose with urea, with thermal cleavage of the urea into isocyanic acid and ammonia and reaction of the isocyanic acid with the OH groups of the cellulose.
  • Cellulose carbamate is soluble in cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution and can be regenerated again into cellulose in heated sodium hydroxide solution.
  • this object is achieved in that a lyotropic solution of cellulose carbamate in. N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO) is spun into a plurality of filament yarns by means of extrusion through a nozzle block containing at least 20 openings, i.e. nozzles, via an air gap into a regenerating bath, said filament yarns being intermingled subsequently by being subjected to a flow with gaseous medium and/or fluid forming the non-woven fabric.
  • NMMNO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
  • Cellulose carbamate is soluble in NMMNO and can be shaped in a similar manner to cellulose. Relative to the conventional NMMNO method, the following advantageous differences are thereby revealed.
  • a nozzle beam with at least 10,000 openings is used for the extrusion.
  • the ratio of length to diameter (L/D ratio) of the nozzles is thereby preferably between 1 and 20.
  • the width of the air gap between nozzle and regenerating bath is 5 to 250 mm, particularly preferred 10 to 150 mm.
  • the filament yarns are guided downwards after spinning into a slot-shaped funnel, the intermingling with the gaseous medium and/or fluid being effected at the outlet of the funnel.
  • air and/or water are used as gaseous medium and/or fluid.
  • the filament yarns are laid on a conveyor belt after the intermingling.
  • a further intermingling of the filament yarns is achieved thereby by a shaking movement of the conveyor belt.
  • the cellulose carbamate proportion of the lyotropic solution is thereby preferably at least 20% by weight, particularly preferred 22 to 27% by weight.
  • the regenerating bath comprises a solution of NMMNO in water with an NMMNO proportion of 0.5 to 25% by weight, particularly preferred 5 to 15% by weight, relative to the solution of NMMNO in water.
  • the extrusion or spinning is effected preferably at a temperature of 80 to 110° C., particularly preferred from 85 to 95° C.
  • the non-woven fabric is washed subsequent to the above-described steps, pressed and dried.
  • the washing can thereby be effected preferably by a water jet at high pressure.
  • the cellulose carbamate is regenerated into cellulose in a regenerating bath comprising 0.3 to 1% by weight sodium hydroxide in water at a temperature of 60 to 95° C. It is made possible as a result to produce non-woven fabrics from regenerated cellulose. It is possible in a first advantageous variant to implement the regeneration between extrusion and intermingling. A further preferred variant provides that the regeneration is implemented after the intermingling.
  • a non-woven fabric is likewise provided from a random orientation of filament yarns made of cellulose carbamate. It is thereby preferred if the filament yarns have a strength of 60 cN/tex. Furthermore, a non-woven fabric of this type can be produced preferably according to the method according to one of the claims 1 to 19 .
  • a non-woven fabric is also produced from a random orientation of filament yarns made of regenerated cellulose.
  • the fibres made of regenerated cellulose thereby preferably have a residual nitrogen content (residual N-content) of 0.3 to 0.5, particularly preferred from 0.1 to 1.2.
  • the non-woven fabric has a pore structure with a preferred porosity of 1 to 10%.
  • the non-woven fabric has a specific internal surface between 20 and 50 m 2 /cm 3 , measured by means of small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS).
  • SAXS small angle x-ray scattering
  • non-woven fabric according to the invention can be produced from regenerated cellulose according to the method according to one of the claims 16 to 19 .
  • the non-woven fabrics according to the invention are used preferably in medicine, in particular as operating sheets, bed sheets, surgical dressings, gauzes or cotton wool pads. Likewise the non-woven fabrics can also be used as hygiene materials or as household wipes.
  • a further application field of the non-woven fabrics according to the invention is that of decorative non-woven fabrics, in particular tablecloths, serviettes or curtains and also non-woven liners in the clothing industry.
  • the non-woven fabrics according to the invention are used as insulating jackets or reinforcing mats, e.g. as a replacement for glass fibre mats in the building industry. Because of the high strength, the non-woven fabrics according to the invention can be used, similarly to glass fibre mats, for reinforcement of plastic materials.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the course of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a slot-shaped funnel according to the invention, at the outlet of which the intermingling is effected.
  • the basic course of the method is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the spinning solution 1 is hereby extruded into a regenerating bath 4 via a spinning pump 2 by means of a nozzle beam 3 which contains a multiplicity of nozzles.
  • the spinning is thereby effected vertically from the top to the bottom via the air gap into the regenerating bath.
  • the fibres are drawn off in the horizontal direction via deflection rollers 5 .
  • deflection rollers 5 On this stretch, a first washing bath and an elongation stretch can optionally be situated.
  • a further deflection roller 6 guides the fibre bundle subsequently downwards into a slot-shaped funnel 7 , at the outlet of which the fibre bundle is subjected on both sides to a flow of air or water.
  • the thus intermingled fibres are laid on the conveyor belt 8 situated thereunder, a further intermingling being effected by a shaking movement of the laying device or of the conveyor belt transversely relative to the running direction.
  • the belt passes through a washing bath with a washing nozzle 9 which can also be produced by a water jet at high pressure, and hence leads to further compaction of the material in the sense of spunlacing.
  • the conveyor belt comprises a wide-mesh net preferably made of metal, which ensures rapid discharge of the washing liquid. Subsequently, the material can be dried in corresponding drying devices.
  • the water can however also be pressed out by a pair of rollers with which compaction of the non-woven fabric can be achieved at the same time.
  • FIG. 2 shows the construction of a slot-shaped funnel according to the invention.
  • the fibre can be introduced into the mentioned funnel via the fibre inlet 1 . Conveyance of the fibre through the funnel is thereby made possible by a Venturi nozzle which replaces the water jet principle.
  • the supply of water, air or also a mixture thereof is effected through the opening 3 , which, because of the Venturi profile, flows past the channel 4 such that a low pressure is produced which conveys the fibre through the channel 4 .
  • the fibre outlet At the lower end 5 of the funnel there is situated the fibre outlet from where the filament yarns can then be conveyed further.
  • 800 g pulp with a DP (cuoxam) of 520 are mixed intensively in a kneader with 3,200 g of a solution, comprising 12% by weight NaOH, 30% by weight urea and 58% by weight water for 1 h at 25° C. and subsequently is ripened at 23° C. for 48 h to a DP (cuoxam) of 300.
  • the moist alkali cellulose is kneaded for 30 min. at room temperature in a 5 l kneader with 1200 g solid crystalline urea. Subsequently the temperature of the kneader is increased to 140° C. and the water which is present is drawn off.
  • the mass After reaching a product temperature of 140° C., the mass is kneaded further for 120 min. and subsequently discharged from the kneader.
  • the dry crumbly mass is washed 3 times with de-ionised water at a liquor ratio of 1:16, is suctioned off via a frit and then dried at room temperature.
  • This loose and crumbly product had a nitrogen content of 3.0% and a DP (cuoxam) of 290.
  • the cellulose carbamate was mixed in a kneader with a 50% aqueous NMMO solution, this solution was concentrated by withdrawing the excess water in a vacuum of 80 mbar and concentrated up to NNMO monohydrate and thereby the cellulose carbamate was dissolved.
  • the spinning solution had a cellulose content of 25% by mass.
  • the solution was spun on a laboratory unit with 10,000 capillaries, guided to the intermingling nozzle via a roller system, intermingled there in a water flow and laid continuously on a conveyor belt to form a non-woven, washed and dried.
  • the basis weight of the non-woven was 75.7 g/m 2 , the dry strength 8.5 kN/m.
US10/589,574 2004-02-17 2005-02-17 Method For The Production Of Non-Woven, Non-Woven, And Use Thereof Abandoned US20080038979A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004007617.0 2004-02-17
DE200410007617 DE102004007617B4 (de) 2004-02-17 2004-02-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffes, Vliesstoff und dessen Verwendung
PCT/EP2005/001641 WO2005080661A1 (de) 2004-02-17 2005-02-17 Verfahren zur herstellung von vliesstoffen, vliesstoffe und deren verwendung

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US20080038979A1 true US20080038979A1 (en) 2008-02-14

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US (1) US20080038979A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1716279A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2007522360A (de)
DE (1) DE102004007617B4 (de)
WO (1) WO2005080661A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090258227A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method of producing cellulose carbamate fibre and use of the same
US20120178620A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2012-07-12 Lenzing Ag Carboxyethyl cellulose fibers, their use in wound dressings and hygiene items and method for producing the same
WO2012107362A1 (de) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-16 Universität Innsbruck Verfahren zur verformung von cellulosecarbamat und produkte, die nach diesem verfahren hergestellt werden
CN114787440A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2022-07-22 兰精股份公司 用于制造纺粘型无纺织物的方法

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DE102004007618A1 (de) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-22 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vliesstoffen, Vliesstoff und dessen Verwendung
DE102005029793B4 (de) 2005-06-27 2007-04-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vliesstoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung
BR112013009797A2 (pt) * 2010-10-23 2020-06-09 Pop Test LLC método de produção de um dispositivo para condução de uma análise não invasiva e dispositivo para conduzir uma análise não invasiva

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090258227A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method of producing cellulose carbamate fibre and use of the same
US20120178620A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2012-07-12 Lenzing Ag Carboxyethyl cellulose fibers, their use in wound dressings and hygiene items and method for producing the same
WO2012107362A1 (de) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-16 Universität Innsbruck Verfahren zur verformung von cellulosecarbamat und produkte, die nach diesem verfahren hergestellt werden
CN114787440A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2022-07-22 兰精股份公司 用于制造纺粘型无纺织物的方法

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DE102004007617A8 (de) 2006-02-16
WO2005080661A1 (de) 2005-09-01
DE102004007617B4 (de) 2007-02-08
EP1716279A1 (de) 2006-11-02
JP2007522360A (ja) 2007-08-09
DE102004007617A1 (de) 2005-09-22

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