US20080000243A1 - Air Conditioning System - Google Patents

Air Conditioning System Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080000243A1
US20080000243A1 US11/578,987 US57898705A US2008000243A1 US 20080000243 A1 US20080000243 A1 US 20080000243A1 US 57898705 A US57898705 A US 57898705A US 2008000243 A1 US2008000243 A1 US 2008000243A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
heating medium
conditioning system
heating
room
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Abandoned
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US11/578,987
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English (en)
Inventor
Manabu Yoshimi
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Assigned to DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YOSHIMI, MANABU
Publication of US20080000243A1 publication Critical patent/US20080000243A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/001—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems in which the air treatment in the central station takes place by means of a heat-pump or by means of a reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1417—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with liquid hygroscopic desiccants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1423—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with a moving bed of solid desiccants, e.g. a rotary wheel supporting solid desiccants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F6/02—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air
    • F24F6/04—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air using stationary unheated wet elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1435—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
    • F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
    • F24F2203/1068—Rotary wheel comprising one rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
    • F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
    • F24F2203/1084—Rotary wheel comprising two flow rotor segments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioning system. More specifically, the present invention relates to an air conditioning system capable of heating the room.
  • an air conditioning system capable of heating the room
  • conventionally known is a system configured by connecting room heating devices such as a radiator and a fan convector to a heat source unit having a vapor compression type refrigerant circuit (for example, see patent documents 1, 2, and 3).
  • a heat source unit having a vapor compression type refrigerant circuit for example, see patent documents 1, 2, and 3.
  • Such an air conditioning system heats the room by heating a floor and indoor air.
  • a unit having a refrigerant circuit that uses CO 2 as the refrigerant is used in some cases.
  • the refrigerant temperature on a discharge side of a compressor can be increased, and therefore, for example, when an air conditioning system is configured such that the heat of a heating medium heated in a utilization side heat exchanger in the heat source unit is released into the room by the room heating devices, the temperature level that can be used for heating the room in the room heating devices can be increased. This will achieve comfortable room heating.
  • the minimally necessary ventilation in the room needs to be performed in order to maintain indoor air quality (hereinafter referred to as IAQ).
  • IAQ indoor air quality
  • outdoor air whose temperature is lower than that of indoor air will be supplied to the room as the ventilation air, so that a heat load due to ventilation in the room (hereinafter referred to as a ventilation heat load) will be generated.
  • This ventilation heat load will be treated by the room heating devices after the ventilation air is supplied to the room and mixed with indoor air, which consequently causes the room occupant to feel discomfort due to the supply of low temperature ventilation air (hereinafter referred to as a cold draft).
  • a cold draft low temperature ventilation air
  • improved heat insulation properties can reduce the total amount of heat load; however, the ventilation heat load necessary for maintenance of IAQ cannot be reduced. Therefore, the proportion of the ventilation heat load to the total amount of heat load to be treated in the air conditioning system is relatively large. Accordingly, it is desired to prevent a cold draft while treating the ventilation heat load in an air conditioning system capable of heating the room.
  • the temperature level that can be used in the room heating devices can be increased, however, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of the utilization side heat exchanger will be reduced, resulting in a reduced coefficient of performance (hereinafter referred to as COP) of the heat source unit. Accordingly, it is desired to improve the COP in an air conditioning system capable of heating the room, which uses a heat source unit that uses CO 2 as the refrigerant.
  • an object of the present invention is to prevent, in an air conditioning system capable of heating the room, a cold draft due to the ventilation air that is supplied to the room for ventilation in the room.
  • An air conditioning system is an air conditioning system capable of heating a room, comprising a heat source unit, an air supply device, and a heating medium circuit.
  • the heat source unit includes a vapor compression type refrigerant circuit having a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, and a utilization side heat exchanger, and is capable of heating, in the utilization side heat exchanger, a heating medium that is used for heating the room.
  • the air supply device supplies an outdoor air to the room as a ventilation air.
  • the heating medium circuit includes at least one room heating device that releases the heat of the heating medium heated in the utilization side heat exchanger into the room, and an outdoor air heating device that heats the ventilation air with the heat of the heating medium heated in the utilization side heat exchanger, and circulates the heating medium between the room heating device and the outdoor air heating device, and the utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed in and discharged from the compressor heats the heating medium in the utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the heating medium heated in this utilization side heat exchanger is sent to at least one room heating device, and used to heat the room by releasing the heat of the heating medium into the room. Also, this heating medium is sent to the outdoor air heating device, and used for heating the outdoor air that is supplied to the room as the ventilation air by the air supply device. Then, the heating medium used in the room heating device and by the outdoor air heating device respectively for heating the room and for heating the ventilation air is again returned to the utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant cooled in the utilization side heat exchanger by heating the heating medium is decompressed by the expansion mechanism, heated in the heat source side heat exchanger, converted into a low pressure refrigerant, and then again, sucked into the compressor.
  • the room heating device includes, for example, a radiator, a fan convector, and a floor heating device.
  • this air conditioning system is provided with the outdoor air heating device, the ventilation air can be first heated and then supplied to the room, when heating the room. This will enable prevention of a cold draft due to the ventilation air that is supplied to the room to ventilate the room, therefore improving the comfort of the room.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which the heating medium circuit is connected to the utilization side heat exchanger such that the heating medium heated in the utilization side heat exchanger is sequentially supplied to the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device.
  • the heating medium circuit is connected to the utilization side heat exchanger such that the heating medium heated in the utilization side heat exchanger is sequentially supplied to the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device. Consequently, the room heating devices can use the heat of a high temperature heating medium that just has been heated in the utilization side heat exchanger, and the outdoor air heating device can use the heat of the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat into the room in the room heating device.
  • the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device has a lower temperature than the indoor air, and it is possible to heat the ventilation air by using the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat into the room by the room heating devices.
  • the heating medium used for heating the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the outdoor air heating device is further cooled by heating the ventilation air, and then returned to the utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat in the room heating devices is supplied to the outdoor air heating device, and used to heat the ventilation air that is supplied to the room. Consequently, the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the utilization side heat exchanger can be increased, therefore improving the COP of the heat source unit.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which the heating medium circuit further includes at least one bypass heating medium circuit that bypasses the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device.
  • the heating medium circuit includes the bypass heating medium circuit that bypasses at least one of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, so that the heating medium can be supplied to only some of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, according to need.
  • the bypass heating medium circuit may be provided to each of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, or to only some of these devices. Alternatively, some of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device may be collected together such that these devices are bypassed together.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the third aspect of the present invention, in which the bypass heating medium circuit includes a heating medium flow control mechanism.
  • the bypass heating medium circuit includes the heating medium flow control mechanism, so that it is possible to control the flow of the heating medium that is supplied to at least some of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device to which the bypass heating medium circuit is provided.
  • the heating medium flow control mechanism herein refers to a solenoid valve that blocks a heating medium that flows through the bypass heating medium circuit according to need, a motor operated valve that controls the flow of a heating medium that flows through the bypass heating medium circuit, and the like.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which the heating medium circuit is constituted by a plurality of divided heating medium circuits that independently circulate the heating medium between at least one of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, and the utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the heating medium circuit is constituted by a plurality of divided heating medium circuits that independently circulate the heating medium between at least one of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, and the utilization side heat exchanger, so that it is possible to supply the heating medium to only some of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, according to need.
  • the divided heating medium circuits “independently circulate the heating medium between at least one of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, and the utilization side heat exchanger,” so that the divided heating medium circuits may be provided so as to circulate the heating medium through each of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, or so as to circulate the heating medium through some of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device together.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in which the utilization side heat exchanger is constituted by a plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers divided to correspond to the plurality of divided heating medium circuits.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system of the sixth aspect of the present invention, in which the heat source unit further includes at least one bypass refrigerant circuit that bypasses the plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers.
  • the heat source unit further includes at least one bypass refrigerant circuit that bypasses the plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers, so that it is possible to supply the refrigerant to only some of the plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers, according to need.
  • the bypass refrigerant circuit may be provided to each of the plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers, or to some of the circuits. Alternatively, some of the plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers can be collected together such that these heat exchangers are bypassed together.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in which the bypass refrigerant circuit includes a refrigerant flow control mechanism.
  • the bypass refrigerant circuit includes the refrigerant flow control mechanism, so that it is possible to control the flow of the refrigerant that is supplied to at least some of the plurality of divided utilization side heat exchangers to which the bypass refrigerant circuit is provided.
  • the refrigerant flow control mechanism herein refers to a solenoid valve that blocks the refrigerant that flows through the bypass refrigerant circuit according to need, a motor operated valve that controls the flow of the refrigerant that flows through the bypass refrigerant circuit, and the like.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the fifth to eighth aspects of the present invention, in which the plurality of divided heating medium circuits are connected to the utilization side heat exchanger such that the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the outdoor air heating device is equal to or lower than the temperature of the heating medium used in the room heating devices.
  • the plurality of divided heating medium circuits are connected to the utilization side heat exchanger such that the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the outdoor air heating device is equal to or lower than the temperature of the heating medium used in the room heating devices. Accordingly, the room heating devices can use the heat of a high temperature heating medium that just has been heated in the utilization side heat exchanger, and the outdoor air heating device can use the heat of the heating medium whose temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature of the heating medium used in the room heating devices.
  • the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device has a lower temperature than the indoor air, so that it is possible to heat the ventilation air by using the heating medium whose temperature is lower than the temperature of the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat into the room in the room heating devices. Then, the heating medium used by the outdoor air heating device for heating the ventilation air that is supplied to the room is further cooled by heating the ventilation air, and then returned to the utilization side heat exchanger.
  • the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat in the room heating devices is supplied to the outdoor air heating device, and used to heat the ventilation air to be supplied to the room, so that it will be possible to increase the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the utilization side heat exchanger, therefore improving the COP of the heat source unit.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the first to ninth aspects of the present invention, in which some of the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device use refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit without flowing through the heating medium circuit.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the first to tenth aspects of the present invention, in which the heating medium circuit includes a heating medium storage container.
  • the heating medium circuit includes the heating medium storage container, it is possible to prevent problems such as breakage of devices that constitute the heating medium circuit, which may occur when the heating medium circulating in the heating medium circuit expands in volume along with its change in temperature.
  • an increase in the amount of the heating medium in the heating medium circuit will increase the heat capacity in the entire heating medium circuit, and the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the room heating devices and the outdoor air heating device, and the temperature of the heating medium that is returned to the utilization side heat exchanger will become stable. As a result, it will be possible to improve controllability of the refrigerant circuit in the heat source unit and the heating medium circuit.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects of the present invention, further comprising a humidifier that humidifies the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device and supplied to the room.
  • the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device and supplied to the room can be humidified. Therefore, even when the absolute humidity of the ventilation air is lower than the absolute humidity of the room air, it is possible to prevent the room from becoming dry due to the supply of ventilation air to the room.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier includes a moisture permeable film that allows moisture to permeate therethrough, and water that is supplied to the moisture permeable film is caused to contact with the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film, thereby enabing to humidify the ventilation air.
  • this air conditioning system is provided with the humidifier that uses the moisture permeable film, it is possible to humidify the ventilation air by causing water that is supplied to the moisture permeable film to contact with the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier includes moisture absorbing liquid capable of both absorbing moisture and desorbing the absorbed moisture through heating. Accordingly, it is possible to humidify the ventilation air by using the ventilation air to heat the moisture absorbing liquid in which moisture is absorbed and by desorbing moisture back into the ventilation air.
  • this air conditioning system is provided with the humidifier that uses the moisture absorbing liquid, it is possible to humidify the ventilation air by using the ventilation air to heat the moisture absorbing liquid in which moisture is absorbed and by desorbing moisture back into the ventilation air.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier is used to humidify the ventilation air by absorbing, into the moisture absorbing liquid, moisture in the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside.
  • moisture in the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside is used as moisture to be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air without the need to supply water to the humidifier.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier is used to humidify the ventilation air by absorbing moisture in an outdoor air different from the ventilation air into the moisture absorbing liquid.
  • moisture in the outdoor air different from the ventilation air is used as moisture to be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air without the need to supply water to the humidifier.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier is used to humidify the ventilation air by absorbing, into the moisture absorbing liquid, moisture in mixed air between the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside and the outdoor air different from the ventilation air.
  • moisture in the mixed air between the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside and an outdoor air different from the ventilation air is used as moisture to be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air without the need to supply water to the humidifier.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier includes an adsorbent capable of both adsorbing moisture and desorbing the adsorbed moisture. Accordingly, it is possible to humidify the ventilation air by using the ventilation air to heat the adsorbent in which moisture is adsorbed and by desorbing moisture back into the ventilation air.
  • this air conditioning system is provided with the humidifier that uses the adsorbent, it is possible to humidify the ventilation air by using the ventilation air to heat the adsorbent in which moisture is adsorbed and by desorbing moisture back into the ventilation air.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier is used to humidify the ventilation air by adsorbing, into the adsorbent, moisture in the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside.
  • moisture in the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside is used as moisture to be adsorbed into the adsorbent, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air without the need to supply water to the humidifier.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier is used to humidify the ventilation air by adsorbing, into the adsorbent, moisture in the outdoor air different from the ventilation air.
  • moisture in the outdoor air different from the ventilation air is used as moisture to be adsorbed into the adsorbent, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air without the need to supply water to the humidifier.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the humidifier is used to humidify the ventilation air by adsorbing, into the adsorbent, moisture in the mixed air between the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside and an outdoor air different from the ventilation air.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the first to twenty-first aspects of the present invention, in which the heating medium that flows through the heating medium circuit is water.
  • the heating medium circuit can be configured at low cost.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the first to twenty-first aspects of the present invention, in which the heating medium flowing through the heating medium circuit is brine that does not freeze below 0 degrees C.
  • brine that does not freeze below 0 degrees C. is used as the heating medium that flows through the heating medium circuit, so that the heating medium is prevented from freezing in the outdoor air heating device even during the low outdoor air temperature period, and the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device will be more reliably heated by using the outdoor air heating device.
  • An air conditioning system is the air conditioning system according to any one of the first to twenty-third aspects of the present invention, in which the refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit is CO 2 .
  • CO 2 is used as the refrigerant that flows through the vapor compression type refrigerant circuit in the heat source unit, so that the refrigerant temperature on the discharge side of the compressor can be increased, and the temperature level that can be used in the room heating devices can be increased. This will achieve comfortable room heating.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a temperature-entropy diagram of the operation of the air conditioning system.
  • FIG. 3 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram of the operation of the air conditioning system.
  • FIG. 4 is a psychrometric chart of the operation of the air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a conventional air conditioning system.
  • FIG. 6 is a psychrometric chart of the operation of a conventional air conditioning system.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 8 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 9 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 10 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a psychrometric chart of the operation of the air conditioning system according to the modified example 10 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 11 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 12 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to the modified example 12 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to a modified example 13 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system according to the modified example 13 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an air conditioning system 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioning system 101 is a system capable of heating the room by operating a vapor compression type refrigerating cycle.
  • the air conditioning system 101 mainly comprises a heat source unit 102 , an air supply device 103 , and a heating medium circuit 104 .
  • the heat source unit 102 is installed outside, for example, is provided with a vapor compression type refrigerant circuit 120 that mainly includes a compressor 121 , a heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 as a utilization side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism 123 , and a heat source side heat exchanger 124 ; and is capable of heating, in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 , a heating medium that is used to heat the room in a building U.
  • a vapor compression type refrigerant circuit 120 that mainly includes a compressor 121 , a heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 as a utilization side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism 123 , and a heat source side heat exchanger 124 ; and is capable of heating, in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 , a heating medium that is used to heat the room in a building U.
  • the compressor 121 is a compressor that is rotatably driven by a drive mechanism such as an electric motor so as to compress a low pressure refrigerant and discharge the refrigerant as the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant.
  • the expansion mechanism 123 is an electric expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant that flows out from the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 124 is a heat exchanger that evaporates the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion mechanism 123 , by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water or outdoor air as a heat source.
  • the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 is a heat exchanger that heats the heating medium by exchanging heat between the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by and discharged from the compressor 121 and the heating medium that circulates in the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 has passages through which the heating medium flow and the refrigerant flow such that the heating medium and the refrigerant are in counter current flow.
  • HCFC refrigerant As an operating refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 120 in the heat source unit 102 , it is possible to use HCFC refrigerant, HFC refrigerant, HC refrigerant, and CO 2 .
  • CO 2 having a low critical temperature is used, and it is possible to provide a supercritical refrigerating cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 121 is equal to or higher than the critical pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the air supply device 103 is a device that supplies the outdoor air (shown as OA in FIG. 1 ) to a room in the building U, and in the present embodiment, mainly includes a supply air outlet (not shown) that supplies the outdoor air from the outside to the room as the ventilation air, an exhaust air outlet (now shown) that exhausts the room air (shown as RA in FIG. 1 ) from the room to the outside, and an exhaust fan 131 which is provided to the exhaust air outlet and which exhausts a portion of the room air as the exhaust air (shown as EA in FIG. 1 ) from the room to the outside.
  • the room can be ventilated by the operation of the exhaust fan 131 .
  • the exhaust fan 131 is used to ventilate the room, however, the room may be ventilated by, for example, providing a supply air fan to the supply air outlet, or by providing both the exhaust fan and the supply air fan to the supply air outlet.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 includes a radiator 141 , a fan convector 142 , and a floor heating device 143 as room heating devices that release the heat of the heating medium heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 into the room, and an outdoor air heating device 144 that heats the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device 103 with the heat of the heating medium heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • the heating medium circuit 104 is a circuit that circulates the heating medium between the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 , and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • the radiator 141 is placed in the room for example, and is a device that mainly releases the heat of the heating medium into the room by radiation heat transfer.
  • the radiator 141 includes a radiator heat exchanger 141 a through which the heating medium passes and exchanges its heat with surrounding room air (here, the room air that just has been heat-exchanged in the radiator heat exchanger 141 a is referred to as SA 1 shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the fan convector 142 is placed in the room for example, and is a device that mainly releases the heat of the heating medium into the room by forced convection heat transfer.
  • the fan convector 142 includes a convector heat exchanger 142 a through which the heating medium passes and exchanges its heat with surrounding air, and a convector fan 142 b which supplies the room air to the convector heat exchanger 142 a and supplies the indoor air having been heat-exchanged in the convector heat exchanger 142 a to the room as the supply air (shown as SA 1 ′ in FIG. 1 ).
  • the floor heating device 143 is placed under the floor of the building U for example, and is a device that mainly includes a floor heating pipe 143 a that releases the heat of the heating medium into the room via a heat transfer panel provided on a floor surface.
  • the outdoor air heating device 144 is placed outside for example, and is a device that mainly includes an outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a that heats the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device 103 with the heat of the heating medium (here, the supply air that is supplied to the room after being heat-exchanged in the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a is referred to as SA 3 shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the heating medium circuit 104 is connected to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 such that the heating medium heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 is sequentially supplied to the radiator heat exchanger 141 a in the radiator 141 , the convector heat exchanger 142 a of the fan convector 142 , the floor heating pipe 143 a of the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a of the outdoor air heating device 144 .
  • the heating medium circuit 104 constitutes a single heating medium circuit connected in series such that the heating medium heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 by exchanging its heat with the refrigerant passes from a heating medium outlet of the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 sequentially through the radiator heat exchanger 141 a, the convector heat exchanger 142 a, the floor heating pipe 143 a, and then the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a, and returns to a heating medium inlet of the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 by a heating medium circulating pump 145 connected to the heating medium outlet of the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 will be connected in order from the radiator heat exchanger 141 a that requires the highest temperature heating medium to the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a that can use even the lowest temperature heating medium.
  • the heating medium circulating pump 145 is connected between the heating medium outlet of the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a and the heating medium inlet of the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 , and is a pump that is rotatably driven by a drive mechanism such as an electric motor so as to circulate the heating medium between the radiator heat exchanger 141 a, the convector heat exchanger 142 a, the floor heating pipe 143 a and the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a, and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • water and brine may be used as the heating medium that flows through the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • water it will be advantageous in that inexpensive devices and pipes can be used to constitute the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • brine it is preferable to use brine that does not freeze below 0 degrees C. even during the low outdoor air temperature period, in order to prevent the heating medium from freezing in the outdoor air heating device 144 (specifically, in the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a ).
  • This type of brine includes, for example, calcium chloride aqueous solution, sodium chloride aqueous solution, magnesium chloride aqueous solution, etc.
  • FIG. 2 is a temperature-entropy diagram of the operation of the air conditioning system 101 .
  • FIG. 3 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram of the operation of the air conditioning system 101 .
  • FIG. 4 is a psychrometric chart of the operation of the air conditioning system 101 .
  • the heating medium circulating pump 145 is started to circulate the heating medium in the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • the compressor 121 of the heat source unit 102 will be started.
  • the low pressure refrigerant sucked into the compressor 121 will be compressed by the compressor 121 and discharged therefrom as the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant (see dot Ri shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 ).
  • This high temperature and high pressure refrigerant will flow into the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 and heat the heating medium, and the refrigerant itself will be cooled and become a low temperature and high pressure refrigerant (see dot Ro 3 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 ).
  • the refrigerant cooled in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 by heating the heating medium will be decompressed by the expansion mechanism 123 and become a low temperature and low pressure refrigerant in a vapor-liquid two-phase state (see dot Re 3 in FIGS. 1 to 3 ).
  • This refrigerant in a vapor-liquid two-phase state will be heated in the heat source side heat exchanger 124 by a heat source such as water or outdoor air, and will evaporate into a low temperature and low pressure gas refrigerant (see dot Rc in FIGS. 1 to 3 ). Then, this low temperature and low pressure gas refrigerant will be again sucked into the compressor 121 .
  • the heating medium that circulates in the heating medium circuit 104 flows into the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 from the heating medium inlet (see dot Wi 3 in FIGS. 1, 2 , and 4 ), and will be heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 by exchanging its heat with the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed in and discharged from the compressor 121 (see dot Wo shown in FIGS. 1, 2 , and 4 ).
  • a high temperature heating medium heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 will flow into the radiator heat exchanger 141 a of the radiator 141 , release the heat of the heating medium into the room (specifically, the room air surrounding the radiator heat exchanger 141 a will be heated), and the heating medium itself will be cooled and the temperature thereof will decrease (for example, the temperature will decrease from about 70 degrees C. to about 65 degrees C. as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the room air see RA shown in FIG. 4
  • the heating medium that flowed out from the radiator heat exchanger 141 a will flow into the convector heat exchanger 142 a of the fan convector 142 , and release the heat of the heating medium into the room (specifically, the room air that is supplied by the convector fan 142 b will be heated), and the heating medium itself will be cooled and the temperature thereof will decrease (for example, the temperature will decrease from about 65 degrees C. to about 55 degrees C. as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the room air (see the arrow RA shown in FIG. 1 ) becomes a supply air SA 1 ′ by the convector heat exchanger 142 a (see FIG. 1 ) and will be supplied to the room.
  • the heating medium that flowed out from the convector heat exchanger 142 a will flow into the floor heating pipe 143 a of the floor heating device 143 , and release the heat of the heating medium into the room (specifically, a floor surface will be heated by the floor heating pipe 143 a ), and the heating medium itself will be cooled and the temperature thereof will decrease (for example, the temperature will decrease from about 55 degrees C. to about 40 degrees C. as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the heating medium that flowed out from the floor heating pipe 143 a will flow into the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a of the outdoor air heating device 144 , and will heat the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device 103 with the heat of the heating medium, and the heating medium itself will be cooled and the temperature thereof will decrease (for example, the temperature will decrease from about 40 degrees C. to about 5 degrees C. as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the ventilation air (see dot OA shown in FIG. 4 , about ⁇ 10 degrees C.) will be heated to a state of dot SA 3 shown in FIG. 4 (about 20 degrees C. in FIG. 4 ) by the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a.
  • the temperature of the room air RA is heated to about 20 degrees C. (see dot RA shown in FIG. 4 ) by the heating operation using the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , and the floor heating device 143 . Accordingly, even when the ventilation air heated by the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a is supplied to the room and mixed with the room air RA, the temperature of the room air will hardly change.
  • the heating medium that flowed out from the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a again will flow into the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 through the heating medium circulating pump 145 (see dot Wi 3 in FIGS. 1, 2 , and 4 ).
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this embodiment has the following characteristics.
  • an air conditioning system 901 that comprises the heat source unit 102 same as those in the air conditioning system 101 of the this embodiment, the air supply device 103 , and a heating medium circuit 904 including the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , and the heating medium circulating pump 145 .
  • the heating medium circuit 904 does not have the outdoor air heating device 144 , so that when heating the room, the ventilation air (shown as OA in FIG. 5 ) will be supplied to the room as is by the air supply device 103 . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 , the room air (see dot RA shown in FIG. 6 ) will be mixed (see dot MA shown in FIG.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this embodiment comprises the outdoor air heating device 144 , when heating the room, as shown in FIG. 4 , the outdoor air OA as the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device 103 can be heated and then supplied to the room as the supply air SA 3 . Consequently, a cold draft due to the ventilation air that is supplied to the room for ventilating the room will be prevented, therefore improving the comfort of the room.
  • the heating medium circuit 904 does not have either the floor heating device 143 or the outdoor air heating device 144 . Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 5 , the heating medium heated by exchanging its heat with the refrigerant in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 will circulate in the heating medium circuit 904 such that the heating medium will change from a state of dot Wo to a state of dot Wi 1 and again returned to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 . Along with this, as shown in FIGS.
  • the refrigerant will circulate in the refrigerant circuit 120 such that the refrigerant changes in order from a state of dot Rc on a suction side of the compressor 121 to a state of dot Ri that corresponds to dot Wo, to a state of dot Ro 1 that corresponds to dot Wi 1 , and then to a state of dot Re 1 , and again is sucked into the compressor 121 .
  • a state of dot Rc on a suction side of the compressor 121 to a state of dot Ri that corresponds to dot Wo, to a state of dot Ro 1 that corresponds to dot Wi 1 , and then to a state of dot Re 1 , and again is sucked into the compressor 121 .
  • the heating medium circuit 104 includes the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 , and is further connected to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 such that the heating medium heated in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 is sequentially supplied to the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 , so that the heating medium heated by exchanging heat with refrigerant in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 will circulate in the heating medium circuit 104 such that the heating medium changes from a state of dot Wo to a state of dot Wi 3 and again is returned to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 , as shown in FIGS.
  • the refrigerant will circulate in the refrigerant circuit 120 such that the refrigerant changes in order from a state of dot Rc on the suction side of the compressor 121 to a state of dot Ri that corresponds to dot Wo, to a state of dot Ro 3 that corresponds to dot Wi 3 , and then to a state of Re 3 , and again is sucked into the compressor 121 .
  • the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , and the floor heating device 143 can use the heat of a high temperature heating medium that just has been heated in heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 can use the heat of the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat into the room in the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , and the floor heating device 143 (see dot Wi 2 in FIGS. 1 and 2 ).
  • the ventilation air shown as OA in FIG. 1
  • the indoor air shown as RA in FIG.
  • the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat into the room in the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , and the floor heating device 143 can be used to heat the ventilation air.
  • the heating medium used for heating the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the outdoor air heating device 144 is further cooled by heating the ventilation air (see dot Wi 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 ), and then returned to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat in the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , and the floor heating device 143 is supplied to the outdoor air heating device 144 in order to heat the ventilation air that is supplied to the room.
  • the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 (in other words, the temperature difference between the temperature of the heating medium in a state of dot Wo and the temperature of the heating medium in a state of dot Wi 3 ) can be increased. Accordingly, as shown in FIG.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this embodiment includes the floor heating device 143 in addition to the outdoor air heating device 144 , so that the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 and the COP are further increased, compared to the conventional air conditioning system 901 .
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this embodiment when water is used as a heating medium that flows through the heating medium circuit 104 , it is possible to configure the heating medium circuit 104 at low cost.
  • the heating medium when brine that does not freeze below 0 degrees C. is used as a heating medium that flows through the heating medium circuit 104 , the heating medium is prevented from freezing in the outdoor air heating device 144 even during the low outdoor air temperature period, and the ventilation air that is supplied to the room by the air supply device 103 will be more reliably heated by using the outdoor air heating device 144 .
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this embodiment uses CO 2 as the refrigerant that flows through the vapor compression type refrigerant circuit 120 of the heat source unit 102 . Accordingly, the refrigerant temperature on the discharge side of the compressor 121 can be increased, and the temperature level that can be used in the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 can be increased. This will achieve comfortable room heating.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 may further include a bypass heating medium circuit that bypasses at least one of the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 .
  • the heating medium circuit 104 that does not include the fan convector 142 as shown in FIG. 7 may be provided with bypass heating medium circuits 151 , 153 , 154 respectively for the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 . This will enable to supply the heating medium to only some of the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 according to need.
  • bypass heating medium circuits 151 , 153 , 154 are respectively provided with a solenoid valve 151 a, a motor operated valve 153 a, and a solenoid valve 154 a as a heating medium flow control mechanism. Consequently, the bypass heating medium circuits 151 , 154 will be able to block the heating medium that flows through each of the bypass heating medium circuits 151 , 154 according to need, and thereby enabling to control the flow of the heating medium that is supplied to the radiator 141 and the outdoor air heating device 144 . In addition, the bypass heating medium circuit 153 will be able to control the flow of the heating medium that flows through the bypass heating medium circuit 153 , and thereby enabling highly precise control of the flow of the heating medium that is supplied to the floor heating device 143 .
  • the bypass heating medium circuit may be provided to each of the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 , or to only some of the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 .
  • some of the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 may be collected together such that these devices are bypassed together.
  • the type of a valve to be provided to the bypass heating medium circuit it is possible to select a valve according to the precision of flow control of the heating medium required in each bypass heating medium circuit.
  • some of the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 may use refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit 120 without flowing through the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 use the heat of the refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit 120 in the heat source unit 102 via the heating medium that circulates in the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed in and discharged from the compressor 121 may be caused to flow into the radiator heat exchanger 141 a of the radiator 141 so as to directly release the heat of the refrigerant into the room. This will enable simplification of the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit 120 may be caused to flow into the floor heating pipe 143 a and the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a so as to use the heat of the refrigerant.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this modified example may be provided with the bypass heating medium circuit of the modified example 1.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 may be provided with a heating medium storage tank.
  • the heating medium circulating pump 145 may be provided with a heating medium storage tank 161 on the suction side thereof. This will enable to prevent problems such as breakage of devices constituting the heating medium circuit 104 , which may occur when the heating medium circulating in the heating medium circuit 104 expands in volume along with its change in temperature.
  • an increase in the amount of heating medium in the heating medium circuit 104 will increase the heat capacity in the entire heating medium circuit 104 , and the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 , and the temperature of the heating medium that is returned to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 will become stable. As a result, controllability of the heat source unit 102 and the heating medium circuit 104 will improve.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 may be constituted by a plurality of divided heating medium circuits that independently circulate the heating medium between at least one of the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 , and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • the heating medium circuit 104 may be constituted by a first divided heating medium circuit 104 a that independently circulates the heating medium between the radiator 141 and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 ; by a second divided heating medium circuit 104 b that independently circulates the heating medium between the floor heating device 143 and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 ; and by a third divided heating medium circuit 104 c that independently circulates the heating medium between the outdoor air heating device 144 and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 .
  • the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c respectively include heating medium circulating pumps 145 a, 145 b, and 145 c. This will enable to supply the heating medium to only some of the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 according to need.
  • the second divided heating medium circuit 104 b is connected to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 such that the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the floor heating device 143 is equal to or lower than the temperature of the heating medium used in the radiator 141
  • the third divided heating medium circuit 104 c is connected to the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 such that the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the outdoor air heating device 144 is equal to or lower than temperature of the heating medium used by the floor heating device 143 .
  • the radiator 141 can use the heat of the heating medium (see dots Wo and Wi 1 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 10 ) that just has been heated by the refrigerant (see dot Ri shown in FIGS.
  • the floor heating device 143 can use the heat of the heating medium whose temperature is lower than the temperature of the heating medium (see dots Wi 1 and Wi 2 in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 10 ) used in the radiator 141 heated by the refrigerant (see dot Ro 1 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 10 ) that heat-exchanged with the heating medium that flows through the first divided heating medium circuit 104 a in the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 ; and the outdoor air heating device 144 can use the heat of the heating medium (see dots Wi 2 and Wi 3 shown in FIGS.
  • the refrigerant will circulate in the refrigerant circuit 120 such that the refrigerant changes in order from a state of dot Rc on the suction side of the compressor 121 to a state of dot Ri that corresponds to dot Wo, to a state of dot Ro 3 that corresponds to dot Wi 3 , and then to a state of Re 3 , and again is sucked into the compressor 121 .
  • the heating medium whose temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature of the heating medium cooled by releasing its heat in the radiator 141 and the floor heating device 143 is supplied to the outdoor air heating device 144 and used to heat the ventilation air that is supplied to the room.
  • the air conditioning system of the above described embodiment and the modified example it will be possible to increase the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 , therefore improving the COP of the heat source unit 102 .
  • the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 may be constituted by three divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 a, 122 b, and 122 c serving as divided utilization side heat exchangers, which are divided so as to correspond to the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c.
  • the radiator 141 can use the heat of the heating medium (see dots Wo and Wi 1 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 11 ) that just has been heated by the refrigerant (see dot Ri shown in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 11 ) compressed in and discharged from the compressor 121 in the first divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 a; the floor heating device 143 can use the heat of the heating medium (see dots Wi 1 and Wi 2 in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 11 ) whose temperature is lower than the temperature of the heating medium used in the radiator 141 heated by the refrigerant (see dot Ro 1 shown in FIGS.
  • the outdoor air heating device 144 can use the heat of the heating medium (see dots Wi 2 and Wi 3 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 11 ) whose temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature of the heating medium used by the floor heating device 143 heated by the refrigerant (see dot Ro 2 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 , and 11 ) that heat-exchanged with the heating medium that flows through the second divided heating medium circuit 104 b in the second divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 b.
  • the heating medium see dots Wi 2 and Wi 3 shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 11
  • the refrigerant will circulate in the refrigerant circuit 120 such that the refrigerant changes in order from a state of dot Rc on the suction side of the compressor 121 to a state of dot Ri that corresponds to dot Wo, to a state of dot Ro 1 that corresponds to dot Wi 1 , to a state of dot Ro 2 that corresponds to dot Wi 2 , to a state of Ro 3 that corresponds to dot Wi 3 , and then to a state of dot Re 3 , and again is sucked into the compressor 121 .
  • the heating medium circuit 104 is divided into the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c which respectively correspond to the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 ; and the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 is also divided into the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 a, 122 b, 122 c which respectively correspond to the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c.
  • the air conditioning system 101 that does not include the fan convector 142 as shown in FIG.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 may be divided into the first divided heating medium circuit 104 a including a first heating medium circulating pump 145 a dedicated to the radiator 141 , and the second divided heating medium circuit 104 d including a second heating medium circulating pump 145 d shared by the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 , and also, the heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 may be divided into the first divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 a dedicated to the radiator 141 and a second divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 d shared by the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 .
  • the refrigerant circuit 120 may further include at least one bypass refrigerant circuit that bypasses the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers.
  • the refrigerant circuit 120 including the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 a, 122 b, 122 c same as those in the modified example 5 as shown in FIG. 13 the first divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 a may be provided with a bypass refrigerant circuit 171 . This will enable to supply the refrigerant to only the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 b, 122 c according to need.
  • the bypass refrigerant circuit 171 is provided with a solenoid valve 171 a as a heating medium flow control mechanism. Consequently, it will be possible to block the heating medium that flows through the bypass heating medium circuit 171 according to need, and thereby enabling to control the flow of refrigerant that is supplied to the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 a.
  • the bypass refrigerant circuit may be provided to only the first divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchanger 122 a, or to each of the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 a, 122 b, 122 c. Alternatively, some of the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 a, 122 b, 122 c may be collected together such that these devices are bypassed together.
  • the type of a valve to be provided to the bypass refrigerant circuit it is possible to select a valve according to the precision of flow control of the heating medium required in each bypass heating medium circuit. For example, use of a motor operated valve instead of a solenoid valve will enable highly precise control of the flow of refrigerant that is supplied to the bypass refrigerant circuit.
  • some of the radiator 141 , the fan convector 142 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 may use refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit 120 without flowing through the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • the floor heating device 143 and the outdoor air heating device 144 use the heat of the refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit 120 in the heat source unit 102 via the heating medium that circulates in the divided heating medium circuits 104 b, 104 c.
  • the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed in and discharged from the compressor 121 may be caused to flow into the radiator heat exchanger 141 a of the radiator 141 so as to directly release the heat of the refrigerant into the room. This will enable simplification of the heating medium circuit 104 .
  • refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit 120 may be caused to flow into the floor heating pipe 143 a and the outdoor air heat exchanger 144 a so as to use the heat of the refrigerant.
  • the heating medium circuit 104 may be provided with a heating medium storage tank.
  • the heating medium circulating pumps 145 a, 145 b, 145 c may be provided with heating medium storage tanks 161 a, 161 b, 161 c on the suction side each thereof.
  • an increase in the amount of heating medium in the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c will increase the heat capacity of each of the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c, and the temperature of the heating medium that is supplied to the radiator 141 , the floor heating device 143 , and the outdoor air heating device 144 , and the temperature of the heating medium that is returned to the divided heating medium—refrigerant heat exchangers 122 a, 122 b, 122 c will become stable.
  • controllability of the heat source unit 102 and the divided heating medium circuits 104 a, 104 b, 104 c will improve.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of the above described embodiments and modified examples comprises the outdoor air heating device 144 . Consequently, a cold draft due to the ventilation air that is supplied to the room for ventilation in the room is prevented and the comfort of the room is improved. However, when the absolute humidity of the ventilation air is lower than the absolute humidity of the room air, the supply of ventilation air may dry the room. Therefore, according to this modified example, the air conditioning system 101 of the above described embodiments and modified examples is further provided with a humidifier that humidifies the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 and supplied to the room.
  • the air conditioning system 101 the same as the one in FIG. 1 as shown in FIG. 16 can be provided with a humidifier 182 having a spray nozzle 182 a that sprays water to the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 and supplied to the room, and a water supply pipe 181 that supplies water to a spray nozzle 182 a of the humidifier 182 .
  • the ventilation air (shown as SA 3 in FIG. 16 ) heated by exchanging heat with the heating medium in the outdoor air heating device 144 is to be supplied to the room
  • the ventilation air is introduced into the humidifier 182 , humidified with water sprayed from the spray nozzle 182 a of the humidifier 182 , and then supplied to the room (shown as SA 3 ′ in FIG. 16 ).
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this modified example can humidify the ventilation air, so that even when the absolute humidity of the ventilation air is lower than the absolute humidity of the room air, it is possible to prevent the room from becoming dry due to the supply of ventilation air to the room.
  • the temperature of the ventilation air humidified by the humidifier 182 will be lower than the temperature of the ventilation air heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 .
  • the amount of heating the ventilation air in the outdoor air heating device 144 is increased with consideration of evaporation of water in the humidifier 182 .
  • the ventilation air shown as SA 3 in FIG. 17
  • the outdoor air heating device 144 is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 so as to increase its temperature (to about 30 degrees C. in FIG. 17 ) higher than the temperature (about 20 degrees C. in FIG. 4 ) of the ventilation air (shown as SA 3 in FIG.
  • the temperature of the ventilation air (shown as SA 3 + in FIG. 17 ) that is supplied to the room will be close to the temperature (about 20 degrees C. in FIG. 17 ) of the room air (shown as RA in FIG. 17 ).
  • the absolute humidity of the ventilation air SA 3 ′ is also almost equal to the absolute humidity of the room air RA (in FIG. 17 , it is equivalent to relative humidity 50%).
  • the ventilation air having a low temperature and a low humidity compared to the room air is heated and humidified respectively by the outdoor air heating device 144 and the humidifier 182 so that the ventilation air and the room air will have the same temperature and humidity conditions, and then is supplied to the room.
  • the outdoor air heating device 144 and the humidifier 182 so that the ventilation air and the room air will have the same temperature and humidity conditions, and then is supplied to the room.
  • an air washer may be used instead of a spray nozzle.
  • a spray nozzle or an air washer is used as a humidifier for humidifying the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 and supplied to the room.
  • a moisture permeable film having a moisture permeability may be used.
  • the air conditioning system 101 that does not include the fan convector 142 as shown in FIG. 18 may be provided with a humidifier 183 comprising a moisture permeable film module 183 a having a plurality of tube shaped moisture permeable films, and a water supply pipe 181 for supplying water to the moisture permeable film module 183 a of the humidifier 183 .
  • the moisture permeable film module 183 a is provided with a passage such that the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 and supplied to the room passes over the outside of the moisture permeable film.
  • the inside of the moisture permeable film is configured such that water supplied to the moisture permeable film module 183 a is introduced therein, and is capable of humidifying the ventilation air by causing water that is supplied to the moisture permeable film to contact with the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the ventilation air can be humidified by causing water that is supplied to the moisture permeable film of the moisture permeable film module 183 a of the humidifier 183 to contact with the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film. Therefore, as in the modified example 10, even when the absolute humidity of the ventilation air is lower than the absolute humidity of the room air, it is possible to prevent the room from becoming dry due to the supply of ventilation air to the room.
  • the amount of heating the ventilation air in the outdoor air heating device 144 is increased with consideration of evaporation of water in the humidifier 183 . Consequently, as in the modified example 10, the ventilation air having a low temperature and a low humidity compared to the room air is heated and humidified so that the ventilation air and the room air will have the same temperature and humidity conditions, and then supplied to the room. As a result, it is possible to further improve the comfort of the room.
  • a water supply type humidifier in which water is supplied to the humidifier via the water supply pipe 181 is used.
  • a humidifier that uses moisture absorbing liquid capable of both absorbing moisture and desorbing the absorbed moisture.
  • the air conditioning system 101 that does not include the fan convector 142 as shown in FIG. 19 may be provided with a humidifier 184 comprising first and second moisture permeable film modules 184 a, 184 b having a plurality of tube shaped moisture permeable films, and a moisture absorbing liquid circulating pump 184 c that circulates the moisture absorbing liquid between the first and second moisture permeable film modules 184 a, 184 b.
  • a humidifier 184 comprising first and second moisture permeable film modules 184 a, 184 b having a plurality of tube shaped moisture permeable films
  • a moisture absorbing liquid circulating pump 184 c that circulates the moisture absorbing liquid between the first and second moisture permeable film modules 184 a, 184 b.
  • the first moisture permeable film module 184 a is provided with a passage such that the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 and supplied to the room passes over the outside of the moisture permeable film.
  • the inside of the moisture permeable film of the first moisture permeable film module 184 a is configured such that moisture absorbing liquid that is circulated by the moisture absorbing liquid circulating pump 184 c is introduced therein, and is capable of humidifying the ventilation air, by causing moisture absorbing liquid that is supplied to the moisture permeable film to contact with the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film and by using the ventilation air to heat the moisture absorbing liquid in which moisture is absorbed to desorb moisture back into the ventilation air.
  • the second moisture permeable film module 184 b is provided with a passage such that the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside passes over the outside of the moisture permeable film.
  • the inside of the moisture permeable film of the second moisture permeable film module 184 b is configured such that moisture absorbing liquid that is circulated by the moisture absorbing liquid circulating pump 184 c is introduced therein, and the moisture absorbing liquid that is supplied to the moisture permeable film is caused to contact with the exhaust air via the moisture permeable film so that moisture in the exhaust air can be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid.
  • the moisture permeable film polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the like may be used.
  • a moisture absorbing liquid lithium chloride aqueous solution and the like may be used.
  • This humidifier 184 operates to circulate the moisture absorbing liquid by the moisture absorbing liquid circulating pump 184 c in order from the second moisture permeable film module 184 b to the first moisture permeable film module 184 a.
  • moisture in the exhaust air will be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid via the moisture permeable film of the second moisture permeable film module 184 b.
  • the moisture absorbing liquid that absorbed this moisture will be sent to the first moisture permeable film module 184 a.
  • the ventilation air heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 is passed through the first moisture permeable film module 184 a
  • the moisture absorbing liquid sent from the second moisture permeable film module 184 b to the first moisture permeable film module 184 a will be heated via the moisture permeable film.
  • moisture is desorbed from this heated moisture absorbing liquid back to the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film, and the ventilation air is humidified and supplied to the room.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this modified example is provided with the humidifier 184 that uses the moisture absorbing liquid, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air by using the ventilation air to heat the moisture absorbing liquid in which moisture is absorbed and by desorbing moisture back into the ventilation air.
  • moisture included in the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside is used as moisture to be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid, so that it is possible to humidify the ventilation air without the need to supply water to the humidifier 184 .
  • the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside (shown as RA on the left side of the second moisture permeable film module 184 b in FIG. 20 ) is mixed with the outdoor air (shown as OA on the left side of the second moisture permeable film module 184 b in FIG.
  • this mixed air may be passed through the second moisture permeable film module 184 b so that moisture will be absorbed into the moisture absorbing liquid via the moisture permeable film of the second moisture permeable film module 184 b, and this absorbed moisture may be caused to be desorbed back to the ventilation air via the moisture permeable film of the first moisture permeable film module 184 a.
  • the humidifier 184 that uses the moisture absorbing liquid is configured so as to exchange moisture between the moisture absorbing liquid and the air via the moisture permeable film modules 184 a, 184 b having the moisture permeable film.
  • it is not limited thereto and it may be configured such that the moisture absorbing liquid and the air are in direct contact with each other.
  • both the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside and the outdoor air different from the ventilation air are caused to pass through the second moisture permeable film module 184 b, however, only the outdoor air different from the ventilation air may be caused to pass therethrough.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of the above described modified example 12 uses a humidifier that uses the moisture absorbing liquid capable of both absorbing moisture and desorbing the absorbed moisture through heating.
  • a humidifier that uses an adsorbent capable of both adsorbing moisture and desorbing the adsorbed moisture through heating may be used.
  • the air conditioning system 101 that does not include the fan convector 142 as shown in FIG. 21 may be provided with a humidifier 185 having a desiccant rotor 185 a in which an adsorbent is carried.
  • the humidifier 185 is provided with a passage such that the ventilation air that is heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 and supplied to the room passes through a portion of the desiccant rotor 185 a.
  • a passage in which the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside passes therethrough is provided on a different portion of the desiccant rotor 185 a.
  • the desiccant rotor 185 a is configured to be capable of being rotatably driven by a drive mechanism such as an electric motor, and is capable of flowing the ventilation air and the exhaust air through each portion of the desiccant rotor 185 a.
  • zeolite, silica gel, activated alumina, and the like may be used.
  • this humidifier 185 when the exhaust air is passed through a portion of the desiccant rotor 185 a other than a portion through which the ventilation air is passed, moisture in the exhaust air will be adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the desiccant rotor 185 a. Then, the desiccant rotor 185 a is rotated, and a portion in which moisture is adsorbed is moved to a portion corresponding to the passage through which the ventilation air is passed.
  • the ventilation air will pass through a portion of the desiccant rotor 185 a in which moisture in the exhaust air is adsorbed, and the ventilation air heated by the outdoor air heating device 144 will heat the portion of the desiccant rotor 185 a in which moisture is adsorbed. Consequently, it will be possible to desorb moisture from this heated adsorbent back to the ventilation air, humidify the ventilation air, and supply the humidified ventilation air to the room.
  • the air conditioning system 101 of this modified example is provided with the humidifier 185 that uses an adsorbent, so that the adsorbent onto which moisture is adsorbed can be heated by using the ventilation air to desorb the moisture back to the ventilation air, thereby humidifying the ventilation air.
  • the air conditioning system 101 uses moisture in the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside, so that the ventilation air can be humidified without the need to supply water to the humidifier 185 .
  • the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside (shown as RA on the left side of the desiccant rotor 185 a in FIG. 21 ) is mixed with the outdoor air (shown as OA on the left side of the desiccant rotor 185 a in FIG. 21 ) different from the ventilation air, and this mixed air may be passed through the desiccant rotor 185 a so as to adsorb moisture onto the adsorbent of the desiccant rotor 185 a and desorb the moisture back to the ventilation air.
  • both the exhaust air that is exhausted from the room to the outside and the outdoor air different from the ventilation air are caused to pass through the desiccant rotor 185 a, however, only the outdoor air different from the ventilation air may be caused to pass therethrough.
  • the air conditioning system of the above described embodiment uses, as a heat source unit, a heat source unit that has a refrigerant circuit dedicated to heating.
  • a heat source unit capable of switchably performing cooling and heating operations may be used.
  • Application of the present invention will enable, in the air conditioning system capable of heating the room, the prevention of a cold draft due to the ventilation air that is supplied to the room to ventilate the room.
US11/578,987 2004-04-28 2005-04-28 Air Conditioning System Abandoned US20080000243A1 (en)

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JP2004134352A JP2005315516A (ja) 2004-04-28 2004-04-28 空気調和システム
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PCT/JP2005/008190 WO2005106341A1 (ja) 2004-04-28 2005-04-28 空気調和システム

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JP (1) JP2005315516A (ja)
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CN101498485A (zh) 2009-08-05
JP2005315516A (ja) 2005-11-10
WO2005106341A1 (ja) 2005-11-10
KR20070003985A (ko) 2007-01-05
EP1746355A4 (en) 2009-12-02
NO20065448L (no) 2007-01-29
EP1746355A1 (en) 2007-01-24
CN100507382C (zh) 2009-07-01
KR100735990B1 (ko) 2007-07-06
EP1746355B1 (en) 2013-09-18
CN101498486A (zh) 2009-08-05

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