US20070214789A1 - Vehicle or stationary power plant having a turbocharged internal combustion engine as a drive source - Google Patents

Vehicle or stationary power plant having a turbocharged internal combustion engine as a drive source Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070214789A1
US20070214789A1 US11/686,149 US68614907A US2007214789A1 US 20070214789 A1 US20070214789 A1 US 20070214789A1 US 68614907 A US68614907 A US 68614907A US 2007214789 A1 US2007214789 A1 US 2007214789A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
medium
vehicle
power plant
heat
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US11/686,149
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English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Stiermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG filed Critical MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Assigned to MAN NUTZFAHRZEUGE AG reassignment MAN NUTZFAHRZEUGE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STIERMANN, ERWIN
Publication of US20070214789A1 publication Critical patent/US20070214789A1/en
Priority to US12/577,665 priority Critical patent/US8365526B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/005—Cooling of pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/12—Turbo charger
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle or a stationary power plant.
  • an array of components and units such as crankcase, cylinder heads, radiators, and containers, which have a medium that is accommodated in a closed loop flowing through them, is disposed on the internal combustion engine which forms a drive or motive power source, and in its surroundings.
  • a cooling bop providing electrical auxiliary units, via which the coolant is heatable, is known for improving the cold start behavior of the internal combustion engine and for more rapid availability of heating warmth.
  • electrical auxiliary heaters are typically relatively expensive and load the energy-providing battery because of their high energy demand.
  • Such electrical auxiliary heaters are also provided, for example, for those cases when the coolant loop of the internal combustion engine is also used for thawing a urea-water solution (used as an ammonia provider for NO X reduction in SCR catalytic converters) which is stored in a container and freezes at temperatures below approximately ⁇ 12° C. Because the battery is particularly strongly loaded in the event of low negative temperatures which exist over a long period of time or, in specific areas of the world, always, electrical auxiliary heaters for coolant water heating are to be put into operation only as long as absolutely necessary if possible. For the remainder of the internal combustion engine or vehicle operating time, they are not needed.
  • a urea-water solution used as an ammonia provider for NO X reduction in SCR catalytic converters
  • a vehicle or stationary power plant having an internal combustion engine as a drive or motive power source, and having components that may be supplied with heat by a medium that is accommodated in a closed I medium loop or circuit, wherein an exhaust gas turbocharger is provided for turbocharging the internal combustion engine, wherein the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger is used and/or implemented as a heat source and, for this purpose, a heat exchanger is externally situated on the turbine housing, which is incorporated or switchable in the medium loop and in whose interior the medium, which is conducted through directly or channeled, is heatable using at least the thermal radiant energy of the hot turbine housing.
  • the present Invention is directed to the fact that the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger of an internal combustion engine is the assembly which becomes warm and/or hot and radiates heat most rapidly after its cold start.
  • the waste heat of the turbine has been viewed as rather troublesome, in particular when it is nearly red-hot in full-load operation.
  • Vehicle parts situated in the surroundings of the hot turbine are partitioned from the effect of heat which is too strong by insulating walls or heat shields, in addition, the turbine is intensively cooled.
  • the present invention makes use of the rapid heating of the turbine, by using it entirely intentionally as a heat source for a medium that is to be heated. This is performed via a heat exchanger which is situated externally on the turbine housing.
  • the medium to be heated may be conducted through its interior either directly or channeled.
  • the medium absorbs heat from the hot turbine housing, more or less depending on the dwell time in the heat exchanger interior or on the flow velocity, if the medium to be heated is conducted channeled through the interior of the heat exchanger, the possibility exists of additionally feeding or conducting exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine into the heat exchanger interior, so that the heat content of the exhaust gas is additionally usable for heating the medium, in addition to the radiant energy of the turbine housing.
  • the heat exchanger may be implemented and/or situated on the turbine housing in various ways.
  • the drawing and associated description of the figures provide information about some of these embodiments.
  • the way according to the present invention of warming or heating the medium permits greatly varying usages of this medium heated in this way because of the high possible energy introduction—even connected with a change of the physical state from liquid to vaporous.
  • Such an application is, for example, the rapid warming up of the liquid coolant (water or coolant water mixed with antifreeze) of an internal combustion engine after its cold start.
  • the heated medium is conducted via a heat consumer incorporated or switched into the medium loop, such as a container, so that the liquid stored or located therein may be warmed or heated or may be prevented from freezing or may be thawed rapidly after a cold start of the internal combustion engine.
  • This heat consumer may, for example, be a storage container for a urea-water solution or a windshield, headlight, and/or outside mirror cleaning liquid, or a radiator which conducts coolant water or a coolant water equalizing container.
  • electrical storage batteries for vehicle heaters are also beatable using the medium heated according to the present invention.
  • the medium heated according to the present invention may, for example, also be supplied in a touring bus or mobile home to the hot water container of the onboard kitchen or the washing water storage container of the onboard toilet for the purpose of heating or keeping warm or as a freezing protection.
  • the medium if it is a low-boiling liquid, may be converted from the liquid into its vaporous state as it flows through the turbine-side heat exchanger and may be supplied to a steam turbine in this vaporous state, by which it may be converted into mechanical drive energy to deliver power.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an exhaust gas turbocharger having an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through another exhaust gas turbocharger having a further exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-section through the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger from FIG. 2 in the area of the heat exchanger according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 4 & 5 each show a schematic side view of an exhaust gas turbocharger having a further embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 6-10 each show an example of an application of the medium loop, in which the heat exchanger according to the present invention is incorporated or switchable.
  • the reference numeral identifies an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, which is turbocharged using an exhaust gas turbocharger 2 .
  • This turbocharged internal combustion engine 1 forms the drive source in a vehicle or a stationary power plant.
  • the vehicle may be a passenger automobile, a utility vehicle of any type, a rail vehicle, a water vehicle, or an aircraft.
  • the stationary power plant may, for example, be an emergency power plant (diesel generator set), an engine-based cogeneration plant (diesel generator steam generation set), an elevator, or any other industrial facility in which an internal combustion engine is used as a drive.
  • the vehicle or the stationary power plant has components which require warming, heating, or keeping warm and may be supplied with heat by a medium accommodated in a closed loop 3 , 3 ′.
  • the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 comprises an exhaust gas turbine 4 and a charge-air compressor 5 .
  • the exhaust gas turbine 4 communicates via an exhaust manifold 6 ( FIGS. 4 and 5 ) with the exhaust gas outlets of the internal combustion engine and is supplied with exhaust gas in the direction of the arrow A.
  • the connection between exhaust gas turbine 4 and exhaust gas manifold 6 is produced via flanges 7 , 8 , the flange 7 being situated at the inlet 9 of the turbine housing 10 and the flange 8 being situated at the facing end of the exhaust gas manifold 6 ; the two flanges 7 , 8 are connected via screw connections 11 .
  • the charge-air compressor 5 supplies the inlets of the internal combustion engine 1 via its charge air collecting line.
  • the turbine 4 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 is used and/or implemented as a heat source for the medium.
  • a heat exchanger 12 is externally situated on the turbine housing 10 is incorporated or switchable in the medium loop 3 , and in whose interior 13 ( FIGS. 2 and 3 ), the medium, which is conducted through directly or channeled, is heatable by exploiting at least the thermal radiant energy of the hot turbine housing 10 .
  • Examples of the direct conduction of the medium through the interior 13 of the heat exchanger 12 are shown in FIGS. 1 , 4 , and 5 .
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show an example of channeled or piped guiding of the medium through the interior 13 of the heat exchanger 12 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 may be implemented externally on the turbine housing 10 in various ways.
  • the heat exchanger 12 may be implemented as an integral component of the exhaust gas turbine 4 and, for this purposes the housing 14 of the heat exchanger 12 may be formed by the turbine housing external wall 15 and a further housing external wall 16 which is cast thereon or attached thereto (see FIGS. 1 , 2 , and 3 ), in a constructed embodiment of the heat exchanger 12 , an external wail 16 of the heat exchanger 14 may be produced in shell form from high-temperature sheet steel by stamping and embossing and then externally attached to the turbine housing external wail 15 by welding or by tightening strap clamps, for example.
  • the heat exchanger 12 may also be formed by a heat exchanger pipe 18 which—as shown in FIG. 5 —is attached bent or meandering on the turbine housing 10 of the exhaust gas turbine 4 on the provided external area—tailored thereto in a formatting way and closely fitted for optimum heat transmission—e.g. by multiple clamps or holders 19 .
  • a first connection 20 and a second connection 21 are provided on the housing 14 of the heat exchanger 12 , a supply line 22 for the medium to be heated (arrow B ⁇ being connected to the first connection 20 and a discharge line 23 for the heated medium (arrow C) being connected to the second connection 21 : which is at a distance from the first connection 20 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 is incorporated or switchable in the medium loop 3 via the supply line 22 and the discharge line 23 , as explained in greater detail below.
  • the medium to be heated is conductible via the supply line 22 and the first connection 20 directly into the interior 13 of the heat exchanger 14 , where it comes into contact with the hot external wall 15 of the turbine housing 10 ( FIG. 1 ) or the housing external wall area 17 heated thereby ( FIG. 4 ) and may thus be heated and, after a specific dwell time, is conductible back out of the heat exchanger housing 14 via the second connection 21 and may be fed via the discharge line 23 to the medium loop 3 for further use therein.
  • a heat exchanger pipe 24 extends between first connection 20 and second connection 21 of the heat exchanger 12 , via which the medium to be heated is conductible channeled or piped through the interior 13 of the heat exchanger housing 14 .
  • the heat exchanger pipe 24 may extend linearly or meandering between the two connections 20 , 21 .
  • the heat exchanger pipe 24 may be externally equipped with heat-transfer ribs 25 .
  • a heat exchanger pipe bundle situated between two terminally situated collection chambers which comprises a number of linear heat exchanger pipes running in parallel, which are possibly also each externally ribbed, may also extend between first connection 20 and second connection 21 of the heat exchanger 12 .
  • the heat exchanger pipe 24 or the heat exchanger pipe bundle mentioned may be a component of a heat exchanger cartridge 26 which—as shown in FIG. 3 , for example—also contains the two connections 20 , 21 and may be installed prefinished in the housing 14 of the heat exchanger 12 and then extends in the installed positioned between supply line 22 and discharge tine 23 .
  • the heat exchanger pipe 24 or the heat exchanger pipe bundle absorbs the heat energy radiated from the external wall 15 of the turbine 10 inside the dosed heat exchanger housing 14 .
  • the heating power may be increased, if the medium is conducted through channeled or piped, by feeding exhaust gas into the interior 13 of the heat exchanger 12 .
  • This exhaust gas may be diverted from the exhaust system 6 before or in the intake 9 of the exhaust gas turbine 4 and may be fed channeled, e.g. via a hole 27 in the interior of the turbine housing, as shown in FIG. 3 , into the interior 13 of the heat exchanger housing 14 .
  • This exhaust gas is then conductible back out, after a certain heat-dissipating dwell time, from the heat exchanger 12 at a point 29 distal from the intake point 28 , e.g., via a hole 30 in the interior of the turbine housing, as shown in FIG. 2 , and conductible into the exhaust system 31 at the outlet of and/or after exhaust gas turbine 4 .
  • the dwell time of the exhaust gas in the heat exchanger may be fixed and/or adjusted indirectly, e.g. by adjustable throttles in these holes 27 , 30 or by tailoring the cross-sections of these holes 27 , 30 , in the case of the example in FIG. 5 , the heat exchanger pipe 18 has a first connection 32 at the intake, to which the supply line 22 for the medium to be heated is connected, and a second connection 33 at the outlet, to which the discharge line 23 for the heated medium is connected.
  • the heat exchanger 12 having its supply line 22 and discharge line 23 may be switched into the medium loop 3 and/or 3 * if needed.
  • the need for this connection is detected by one or more temperature sensors at a location where the heated medium is to be active, for example.
  • the heat exchanger 12 is switched into and out of the medium loop 3 by switchable changeover valves 35 , 36 , for example, which receive their switching commands from an electronic regulating and control unit (not shown), and which are connected to one another via a line section 37 , which bypasses the heat exchanger 12 as a bypass if the latter is not incorporated in the medium loop 3 , 3 ′.
  • FIG. 6 is the medium loop 3 around the coolant loop of the internal combustion engine 1 , and the medium located therein, which is circulated using a pump 34 , is the liquid coolant—coolant water and/or coolant water mixed with antifreeze—of the internal combustion engine 1 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 may be switched into this coolant loop 3 if needed via the changeover valves 35 , 36 , always, for example when rapid heating of the coolant is necessary after a cold start of the internal combustion engine 1 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 is switched into the coolant loop 3 in this way via a temperature-controlled regulator/controller having a corresponding influence on the switch position of the changeover valves 35 , 36 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 is then switched back out of the coolant loop by corresponding changeover of the changeover valves 35 , 36 , for example, when the coolant water has been sufficiently preheated.
  • the medium loop 3 is also the coolant loop of the internal combustion engine 1 and the medium circulated therein using a pump 34 is water and/or water mixed with antifreeze, in addition, a third switchable changeover valve 38 is provided here, which the discharge line 23 leads to and which is connected via a line section 39 to the second changeover valve 36 .
  • a heating circuit is identified by 40 , which comprises a heating element 41 in and/or on a heat consumer 42 , a supply line 43 , which originates at the changeover valve 38 and communicates with the heating element 41 , and a return line 44 , which originates at the heating element 41 and leads to the changeover valve 36 .
  • This heating circuit 40 is used for delivering heat to the heat consumer 42 , which may be a container, for example, in which a received and/or stored liquid is to be heated, kept warm, prevented from freezing, or thawed after freezing.
  • the heating element 41 may be formed as a linear or coiled and/or meandering heating pipe or by a heating pipe embedded in depressions of the floor 45 or the wall 46 of the heat consumer 42 /container or a heating pipe integrated in the material of the floor 45 or the wall 46 of the heat consumer 42 /container.
  • This heating circuit 40 is switchable if needed into the medium loop 3 —the coolant loop of the internal combustion engine 1 here—via the changeover valves 35 , 36 , 38 in series to the heat exchanger 12 .
  • This activation of the heating circuit 40 and heat exchanger 12 is performed temperature-controlled, e.g. if a heat demand is established by a controller/regulator, using a sensor on the heat consumer or an internal sensor, having appropriate influence on the switch position of the three changeover valves 35 , 36 , 38 . If the heat exchanger 12 and the heating circuit 40 are switched into the medium loop 3 , the medium is supplied using the pump 34 to the heat exchanger 12 , heated therein, and then supplied to the heating circuit 40 , where it has a heat-delivering influence on the state of the liquid inside the container, for example.
  • the heat exchanger 12 and the heating circuit 40 are then switched back out of the medium loop 3 by corresponding changeover of the changeover valves 35 , 36 , 38 when a state of the heated liquid is communicated by the container-side temperature sensor, for example, indicating that heating is no longer required.
  • the heat exchanger 12 may also be switched and/or incorporated in an autonomous medium loop 3 ′ independent of the internal combustion engine 1 and its coolant loop—instead of the coolant loop of the internal combustion engine—as described above on the basis of FIGS. 6 and 7 .
  • the medium located in this medium loop 3 ′ may be water or water mixed with antifreeze or any other suitable liquid, e.g. even a low-boiling liquid such as an ammonia-water mixture.
  • FIGS. 8 through 10 Examples of such autonomous medium loops 3 ′ are illustrated in FIGS. 8 through 10 .
  • Each of these medium loops 3 ′ leads through or over a heat consumer 47 .
  • the medium enclosed in the medium loop 3 ′ is circulated using a pump 48 .
  • Two changeover valves 49 , 50 which are connected to one another by a line section 51 of the medium loop 3 ′, allow the heat exchanger 12 according to the present invention to be switched into the medium loop 3 ′ or to be bypassed via the line section 51 which then acts as a bypass, depending on the switch position, in the case of FIG. 8 , a container which contains and/or stores a liquid is shown as a heat consumer 47 , which may also be like that ( 42 ) of a vehicle in FIG. 6 , such as
  • a heating pipe 52 is provided in or on the heat consumer 47 , which is implemented, situated, or integrated in the wall in a similar or identical way to the heating pipe 41 of FIG. 7 .
  • the activation of the heat exchanger 12 for the purpose of heating the medium in the medium loop 3 ′ and delivering heat in the area of the heat consumer 47 is performed here similarly as in the example of FIG. 7 , i.e. as a function of a temperature detected using a sensor in and/or on the heat consumer 47 by influencing the switch position of the two changeover valves 49 , 50 accordingly.
  • the heat consumer 47 is formed by a further heat exchanger 53 , whose interior 54 , which is enclosed by a housing, is incorporated in the medium loop 3 ′ via an inlet 55 and outlet 56 and may have the medium located therein flow through it.
  • a secondary medium loop 57 is guided through the heat exchanger 53 , in which a secondary medium circulated using a pump 58 is conductible via a heat exchanger pipe or pipe bundle 59 , to which heat may be supplied from the first medium loop 3 ′, situated in the interior 54 of the heat exchanger 53 .
  • the secondary medium heated in this way is supplied in the secondary medium loop 57 to a heat consumer 60 incorporated therein, such as a consumer or heat accumulator or a container which contains liquid.
  • a heat consumer 60 may, Inter alia, also be one of those ( 42 , 47 ) cited in connection with FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • FIG. 10 An exemplary application is described on the basis of FIG. 10 , in which a low-boiling liquid is used as the medium, which is accommodated in a closed medium loop 3 ′ and may be transferred from its normally liquid state of aggregation into a vaporous state as it flows through the heat exchanger 12 according to the present invention.
  • the construction of the circuit is similar to that in FIG. 8 .
  • the heat consumer 47 is a steam turbine 61 in the case of FIG. 10 , however, to which the medium transferred into its vaporous physical state in the heat exchanger 12 may be supplied and may deliver power while relaxing and cooling.
  • the steam turbine 61 has its drive connected to the crankshaft 1 ′ of the internal combustion engine 1 and/or secondary assemblies 62 , 63 thereof, such as dynamo, generator, pumps, air compressors, etc., or may be coupled and decoupled thereto via one or more switchable clutch(es), by which the vapor energy is convertible into mechanical energy.
  • the relevant drivetrain(s) are identified by 64 .
  • the medium may then be fed therefrom to a medium equalization or storage container 67 (see FIGS. 6 , 7 ) or back into the medium loop 3 , 3 * via a check valve 68 , which only allows passage in the feed direction ⁇ see FIGS. 8 , 9 , 10 ), for example.
  • a preferably electronic, computer-supported regulating and control unit which, by a program and predefined input setpoint values, controls the operation and the speeds of the pumps 34 , 48 , 58 and the switching/changeover of the changeover valves 35 , 36 , 38 , 49 , 50 for activating and de-activating the heat exchanger 12 as a heat source on the basis of actual values supplied thereto, such as temperature values at the heat consumer and flow and pressure values in the medium loops 3 , 3 ′, 57 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 may function to a certain extent as a cooling element on the exhaust gas turbine 4 of the exhaust gas turbocharger, because it at least partially externally shields the turbine housing and thus reduces the outwardly acting heat emission in particular in connection with the medium flowing through.
  • External thermal insulators or shields may thus either be entirely dispensed with or only have to be implemented in reduced and/or simplified form.
US11/686,149 2006-03-15 2007-03-14 Vehicle or stationary power plant having a turbocharged internal combustion engine as a drive source Abandoned US20070214789A1 (en)

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DE102006011797A DE102006011797A1 (de) 2006-03-15 2006-03-15 Fahrzeug oder stationäre Kraftanlage mit einer aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine als Antriebsquelle
DE102006011797.2 2006-03-15

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US12/577,665 Active 2027-12-06 US8365526B2 (en) 2006-03-15 2009-10-12 Vehicle or stationary power plant having a turbocharged internal combustion engine as a drive source

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CN101037977B (zh) 2010-04-21
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EP1835164A3 (de) 2014-08-20
US8365526B2 (en) 2013-02-05
RU2347096C2 (ru) 2009-02-20
US20100146969A1 (en) 2010-06-17
EP3591189A1 (de) 2020-01-08
EP1835164A2 (de) 2007-09-19
DE102006011797A1 (de) 2007-09-20
CN101037977A (zh) 2007-09-19
EP3591200A1 (de) 2020-01-08
RU2007109422A (ru) 2008-09-20
EP1835164B1 (de) 2019-12-25

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