US20070081917A1 - Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature use - Google Patents

Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature use Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070081917A1
US20070081917A1 US10/574,203 US57420304A US2007081917A1 US 20070081917 A1 US20070081917 A1 US 20070081917A1 US 57420304 A US57420304 A US 57420304A US 2007081917 A1 US2007081917 A1 US 2007081917A1
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alloy
balance
elements
accordance
weight
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Bo Jönsson
Thomas Helander
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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Assigned to SANDVIK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AB reassignment SANDVIK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HELANDER, THOMAS, JONSSON, BO
Publication of US20070081917A1 publication Critical patent/US20070081917A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an austenitic Fe-Cr-Ni alloy for use at high temperatures.
  • Austenitic Ni-base alloys containing Cr up to 30 wt %, Si up to 3 wt %, varying amounts of Fe and sometimes additions of R.E.-elements (Rare Earth) have long been used for a variety of high temperature parts up to 1100° C. service temperature.
  • electric resistance alloys used for heating in industrial furnaces and in appliances several alloys with varying amount of Ni are standardized in ASTM B 344-83 and in DIN 17470. These standards are not fully compatible as seen from Table 1.
  • the relatively high resistivity and low Ct R hot /R cold ratio of resistance change from room temperature to working temperature is an important parameter.
  • heating elements NiCr 60/15 and NiCr 30/20 type (DIN) or 60 Ni, 16 Cr and 35 Ni, 20 Cr (ASTM) alloys are used. From a cost point of view, the NiCr 30/20 or 35Ni, 20Cr type is preferred due to their lower content of expensive Ni. In applications where the watt density and therefore the element temperature are high, the oxidation life of alloys with this level of Ni has up to now been insufficient. At the same time, the mechanical properties at working temperatures have to be within acceptable limits.
  • the present invention relates to an alloy for high temperature use.
  • the alloy mainly comprises Fe, Ni, and Cr and has the following main composition, given in weight %,
  • FIG. 1 shows a test setup for measuring deformation of a heating coil
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing linear relationships between Si content and Ni content for an alloy in accordance with the invention and in comparison with existing alloys;
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing linear relationships between Cr content and Ni content for an alloy in accordance with the invention and in comparison with existing alloys;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing additional linear relationships between Si content and Ni content for an alloy in accordance with the invention and in comparison with existing alloys.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing additional linear relationships between Cr content and Ni content for an alloy in accordance with the invention and in comparison with existing alloys.
  • test melts were cast, hot rolled, and cold drawn to wire according to standard practice with chemical composition according to Table 2.
  • Table 2 Chemical composition of test melts Melt # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ni 45.5 44.2 44.3 44.8 35.0 35.0 35.3 35.2 Cr 25.4 25.3 14.9 15.0 26.5 24.8 15.0 15.0 Si 2.64 1.10 3.69 1.18 2.72 1.16 3.06 1.13 Al 0.08 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.13 N 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 C 0.07 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.08 S 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 P 0.007 0.008 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.009 0.006 0.006 Other ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 Fe Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal. Bal
  • the wires were coiled into helixes and mounted on sample holders. These were exposed to a high temperature, 950° C., by means of a laboratory furnace for 168 hours. Deformation of the helixes was measured by means of a micrometer screw according to the setup in FIG. 1 .
  • the oxidation life and in particular the cyclic oxidation life is an important design factor.
  • a cyclic oxidation test was performed. The sample wires were heated by passing electric current through them and the wires were exposed to a 2 minutes on/2 minutes off cycle. The time to burn off was recorded and the results were grouped according to performance.
  • a combination of the deformation performance that occurs from relatively small applied forces, such as gravity acting on, e.g., suspended heater coils, and oxidation performance at high temperature, is therefore an object of the present invention.
  • An alloy in accordance with the invention has the main composition (in wt %) of Ni ranging from 38 to 48.
  • the Cr level is larger than
  • the Si level is larger than
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the above-mentioned Si content and Cr content are shown by means of graphs, where alloys in accordance with the invention are compared with existing alloys.
  • the alloy can also contain up to 5% Co as a substitute for Ni and Mn up to 2%. Further, it contains Al up to 0.6%, and preferably above 0.03%, and R.E., Y, and Ca up to a level of 0.2% in total. C should be ⁇ 0.1 and N in a range up to 0.15%, preferably above 0.03%. Nitride and carbide formers such as Ti, Zr, Hf Ta, Nb, and V can be added up to a total level of 0.4% but are not necessary to benefit from the advantages of the invention. The remainder consists of iron and various elements originating from the raw materials and the production process, up to a total level of ⁇ 2%.
  • a specific example of an alloy according to the invention contains (in wt %)
  • Preferred embodiments are as follows, with the composition in weight %.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 the below-mentioned Si content and Cr content are shown by means of graphs, where alloys in accordance with the invention are compared with existing alloys.
  • Another alloy that is preferred comprises
  • the alloy can also contain up to 5% Co as substitute of Ni
  • the alloy 353MA is produced by Outokumpo Oyj, Espoo, Finland.
  • the alloy Incoloy is produced by Special Metals Corp., Huntington, W. Va., USA.
  • the Haynes alloy is produced by Haynes International, Inc., Kokomo, Ind., USA.
  • Nikrothal is produced by the assignee.
  • the present invention fulfills the objects mentioned in the opening part of the present application.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US10/574,203 2003-10-02 2004-09-08 Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature use Abandoned US20070081917A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0302611-9 2003-10-02
SE0302611A SE527319C2 (sv) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Legering för högtemperaturanvändning
PCT/SE2004/001288 WO2005031018A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-09-08 Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature use.

Related Parent Applications (1)

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PCT/SE2004/001288 A-371-Of-International WO2005031018A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-09-08 Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature use.

Related Child Applications (1)

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US12/928,486 Division US9260770B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2010-12-13 Austenitic FE-CR-NI alloy for high temperature use

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/574,203 Abandoned US20070081917A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2004-09-08 Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature use
US12/928,486 Active US9260770B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2010-12-13 Austenitic FE-CR-NI alloy for high temperature use
US14/960,471 Abandoned US20160083822A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2015-12-07 Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature
US16/120,600 Active US10683569B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2018-09-04 Austenitic Fe—Cr—Ni alloy for high temperature

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/928,486 Active US9260770B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2010-12-13 Austenitic FE-CR-NI alloy for high temperature use
US14/960,471 Abandoned US20160083822A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2015-12-07 Austenitic fe-cr-ni alloy for high temperature
US16/120,600 Active US10683569B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2018-09-04 Austenitic Fe—Cr—Ni alloy for high temperature

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US (4) US20070081917A1 (sv)
EP (2) EP2426226B1 (sv)
JP (1) JP2007507611A (sv)
KR (1) KR100803684B1 (sv)
CN (1) CN100540702C (sv)
DE (2) DE04775393T1 (sv)
SE (1) SE527319C2 (sv)
WO (1) WO2005031018A1 (sv)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109454122A (zh) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-12 深圳市业展电子有限公司 一种镍铬铝铁精密电阻合金带材的制备工艺

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SE527319C2 (sv) * 2003-10-02 2006-02-07 Sandvik Intellectual Property Legering för högtemperaturanvändning
SE529003E (sv) * 2005-07-01 2011-06-27 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ni-Cr-Fe-legering för högtemperaturanvändning
DE102007005605B4 (de) 2007-01-31 2010-02-04 Thyssenkrupp Vdm Gmbh Eisen-Nickel-Chrom-Silizium-Legierung
DE102007029400B4 (de) 2007-06-26 2014-05-15 Outokumpu Vdm Gmbh Eisen-Nickel-Chrom-Silizium-Legierung
EP2248923A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Nickel base y/ý superalloy with multiple reactive elements and use of said superalloy in complex material systems
CN103938032B (zh) * 2014-05-12 2016-05-11 盐城市鑫洋电热材料有限公司 一种提高镍铬系电热合金使用寿命的方法
US10487377B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2019-11-26 Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Cr, Ni, Mo and Co alloy for use in medical devices
WO2017160952A1 (en) * 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Colorado State University Research Foundation Corrosion-resistant alloy and applications
US11697869B2 (en) 2020-01-22 2023-07-11 Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Method for manufacturing a biocompatible wire
CN112522545B (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-12-14 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 镍铬高电阻电热合金
CN114134368B (zh) * 2021-11-18 2023-05-26 上海康晟航材科技股份有限公司 一种激光切割喷嘴用高温合金及其制备方法
CN114574757B (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-08-09 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 一种对辊机用的高温辊圈材料及其制备方法

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US7118636B2 (en) * 2003-04-14 2006-10-10 General Electric Company Precipitation-strengthened nickel-iron-chromium alloy

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US7118636B2 (en) * 2003-04-14 2006-10-10 General Electric Company Precipitation-strengthened nickel-iron-chromium alloy

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109454122A (zh) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-12 深圳市业展电子有限公司 一种镍铬铝铁精密电阻合金带材的制备工艺

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SE0302611L (sv) 2005-04-03
CN1860245A (zh) 2006-11-08
US20160083822A1 (en) 2016-03-24
EP1680523B1 (en) 2012-08-08
US10683569B2 (en) 2020-06-16
WO2005031018A1 (en) 2005-04-07
KR100803684B1 (ko) 2008-02-20
US9260770B2 (en) 2016-02-16
JP2007507611A (ja) 2007-03-29
EP2426226A2 (en) 2012-03-07
CN100540702C (zh) 2009-09-16
US20110147368A1 (en) 2011-06-23
EP2426226A3 (en) 2014-02-26
DE202004021125U1 (de) 2007-02-08
US20180371592A1 (en) 2018-12-27
SE0302611D0 (sv) 2003-10-02
EP1680523A1 (en) 2006-07-19
SE527319C2 (sv) 2006-02-07
KR20060094533A (ko) 2006-08-29
DE04775393T1 (de) 2006-11-16
EP2426226B1 (en) 2016-08-10

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