US20050126660A1 - Connecting rod split construction - Google Patents

Connecting rod split construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050126660A1
US20050126660A1 US10/500,915 US50091505A US2005126660A1 US 20050126660 A1 US20050126660 A1 US 20050126660A1 US 50091505 A US50091505 A US 50091505A US 2005126660 A1 US2005126660 A1 US 2005126660A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
breakage
crank pin
pin bore
starting portion
connecting rod
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US10/500,915
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English (en)
Inventor
Tsuyoshi Kubota
Shinya Iwasaki
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Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
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Individual
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Publication date
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Assigned to YAMAHA HATSUDOKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment YAMAHA HATSUDOKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IWASAKI, SHINYA, KUBOTA, TSUYOSHI
Publication of US20050126660A1 publication Critical patent/US20050126660A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • F16C7/02—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length
    • F16C7/023—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length for piston engines, pumps or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/04—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof
    • F16C9/045—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof the bearing cap of the connecting rod being split by fracturing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a breaking and splitting structure of a connecting rod in which a large end treated by carburizing and hardening is broken and split into a rod section and a cap section and the rod and cap sections are coupled with fastening bolts, with their broken and split surfaces aligned with each other.
  • a breakage-starting groove for inducing a breakage is provided before its large end is broken and split into a rod section and a cap section.
  • FIGS. 10 ( a ) and 10 ( b ) there has been suggested a structure in which breakage-starting grooves 51 are formed by cutting out a portion of the inside circumferential surface of a crank pin bore 50 a of a large end 50 of the connecting rod, extending linearly in the axial direction of the crank pin bore through the inside circumferential surface from one end to the other (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,569,109).
  • part of the broken and split surface may be formed at a location that is spaced from the breakage-starting portion, as shown in FIG. 8 . If the broken and split surface is displaced from the breakage-starting groove as described above, a flake-like burr 53 may be produced between the broken and split surface 52 and the breakage-starting groove 51 , as shown in FIG. 9 , which might cause engine trouble such as damage or seizure inside the engine when such a burr 53 chips off and falls during engine operation.
  • preferred embodiments of the present invention provide a breaking and splitting structure of a connecting rod that prevents generation of burrs that occur when the broken and split surface is displaced from the breakage-starting groove and also prevents deterioration of reproducibility in aligning the broken and split surfaces with each other, thus preventing engine trouble.
  • a breaking and splitting structure of a connecting rod includes a large end with a crank pin bore, the large end having a surface-hardened surface and being broken and split into a rod section and a cap section, and the rod and cap sections are coupled with fastening bolts, with their broken and split surfaces engaged and aligned with each other, in which a breakage-starting portion extending in the axial direction of the crank pin bore is formed in an inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore of the large end, and the axial length of the breakage-starting portion is smaller than the axial length of the inside circumferential surface.
  • a portion where the breakage-starting portion is formed coincides with the breakage-starting portion, while most of the other portion deviates from an extension of the breakage-starting portion.
  • the shoulders of the large end are each formed with a bolt hole extending in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin bore, and the bolt hole is close to the crank pin bore so that the thickness between the bolt hole and the inside circumferential surface is smaller than the thickness between the bolt hole and an outside wall.
  • one end of the breakage-starting portion is positioned at one end of the crank pin bore in the axial direction.
  • the other end of the breakage-starting portion is preferably positioned closer to the one end of the crank pin bore than to the bolt hole.
  • the breakage-starting portion may preferably be constituted by a tapered groove formed by machining or a plurality of pores formed successively at given intervals by laser machining.
  • First and second ends of the breakage-starting portion may preferably be positioned on both sides of a line so as to straddle the line which connects axes of the bolt holes and extends in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin hole, and a length of the breakage-starting portion is preferably equal to or smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole.
  • the breakage-starting portion is preferably formed at a position that is substantially coincident with the line connecting the axes of the bolt holes and extending in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin hole.
  • the breakage-starting portion may also be constituted by a large number of pores formed successively at given intervals by laser machining.
  • FIG. 1 is a view partly in section of a large end of a connecting rod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the large end in an intermediate stage of a manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the large end (sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2 ).
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the manufacturing process of the connecting rod.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a breakage-starting portion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a breakage-starting portion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a broken surface of the breakage-starting portion.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing a broken surface of a conventional large end.
  • FIG. 9 is a view illustrating a problem occurring in the prior art devices.
  • FIGS. 10 ( a ) and 10 ( b ) are views illustrating a conventional breaking and splitting method.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view of the large end of a connecting rod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view of the large end of a connecting rod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 - FIG. 4 are views illustrating a breaking and splitting structure of a connecting rod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention wherein FIG. 1 is a view partly in section of a large end of a connecting rod; FIG. 2 is a view showing the large end in an intermediate stage of a manufacturing process; FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a breaking and splitting portion of the large end (sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2 ); and FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the manufacturing process of the connecting rod.
  • a connecting rod 1 of the present preferred embodiment is preferably a nut-less type formed by forging or casting, and configured such that it is integrally formed, at one end of a rod body 1 a , with a small end to which an unillustrated piston pin is connected, and, at the other end, with a large end 1 b to which an unillustrated crank pin is connected.
  • the large end 1 b has shoulders 1 c extending outward from the connecting portion with the rod body 1 a , and a crank pin bore 1 d formed in the center of the large end 1 b.
  • a rod section 2 and a cap section 3 , of the large end 1 b are formed integrally in advance, surface hardening treatment such as carburizing, hardening and tempering is applied to the whole connecting rod including the large end 1 b , and then the large end 1 b is broken and split into the rod section 2 and the cap section 3 along an expected breakage line A.
  • surface hardening treatment such as carburizing, hardening and tempering is applied to the whole connecting rod including the large end 1 b , and then the large end 1 b is broken and split into the rod section 2 and the cap section 3 along an expected breakage line A.
  • These split rod and cap sections 2 , 3 are coupled with fastening bolts 4 , with their broken and split surfaces engaged and aligned with each other.
  • the surface hardening treatment there is formed a hardened surface layer having a given depth of carburization on the outer surface of the connecting rod 1 .
  • bolt holes 2 a having a diameter that is slightly larger than that of the fastening bolt 4 are formed in the shoulders 1 c of the rod section 2 .
  • a female threaded hole 3 a which is coaxial with the bolt hole 2 a , is formed through the bottom 3 b of the cap section 3 below the bolt hole 2 a . The fastening bolt 4 is inserted into the bolt hole 2 a and engaged with the female threaded hole 3 a , coupling the rod and cap sections 2 , 3 together.
  • the bolt hole 2 a extends in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin bore 1 d , and is located close to the crank pin bore 1 d . That is, the thickness t 1 between the bolt hole 2 a and the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore 1 d is smaller than the thickness t 2 between the bolt hole 2 a and the outside wall 1 e of the shoulder 1 c .
  • the thickness t 2 is set to such a value as required in terms of strength to withstand the combustion pressure of the engine.
  • a pair of breakage-starting portions 5 are formed in the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore 1 d , and extend in the axial direction of the crank pin bore 1 d .
  • the breakage-starting portion 5 is constituted by a cut-out groove formed by machining, along an intersection line on which an expected breakage plane A of the rod and cap sections 2 , 3 of the large end 1 b and the inside wall surface intersect.
  • the axial length L 1 of each breakage-starting portion 5 is preferably less than the axial length L 2 of the crank pin bore 1 d .
  • one end 5 a of the breakage-starting portion 5 is positioned at one end of the crank pin bore 1 d in the axial direction (i.e., at the topmost portion of the crank pin bore 1 d in FIG.
  • the other end 5 b is positioned near the axial middle of the crank pin bore 1 d , more specifically, at a position that is just short of the middle of the crank pin bore 1 d , which position is closer to the one end of the crank pin bore 1 d (at the topmost portion of the crank pin bore 1 d in FIG. 3 ) than the opposite end of the crank pin bore 1 d (at the bottom most portion of the crank pint bore 1 d in FIG. 3 ).
  • a raw blank of the connecting rod 1 is formed by forging.
  • the rod section 2 and the cap section 3 of the large end 1 b are formed integrally.
  • a bolt hole 2 a is formed in each shoulder 1 c of the connecting rod 1 , as well as a breakage-starting portion 5 constituted by a cut-out groove is formed in the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore 1 d .
  • the breakage-starting portion 5 is formed so as to extend from one axial end of the crank pin bore 1 d to a position that is slightly short of the middle of the crank pin bore 1 d and closer to the one axial end (at the top most portion of the crank pint bore 1 d in FIG. 3 ) than to the other axial end of the crank pin bore 1 d (at the bottom most portion of the crank pint bore 1 d in FIG. 3 ).
  • the large end 1 b is broken with a jig and split into the rod section 2 and the cap section 3 .
  • This breaking and splitting is performed in such a way that sliders, which are movable in the radial directions, for example, are inserted in the crank pin bore 1 d of the large end 1 b and a wedge is driven between the sliders.
  • a pair of axially extending breakage-starting portions 5 are formed by cutting out a portion of the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore 1 d of the large end 1 b , and the cut-out length L 1 of each breakage-starting portion 5 is preferably less than the axial length L 2 of the crank pin bore 1 d .
  • the broken and split surface is formed along the breakage-starting portion 5 in a portion of the crank pin bore 1 d where the breakage-starting portion 5 is formed, while the broken and split surface deviates from and is not coincident with the direction of an extension of the breakage-starting portion 5 in most of the other portion of the crank pin bore 1 d where no breakage-starting portion 5 is formed. No burr is produced by this deviation. As a result, it is possible to prevent engine trouble such as damage and seizure due to falling of burrs during engine operation.
  • the intersection (corner edge) of the broken and split surface of the rod and cap sections 2 , 3 and the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore 1 d extends along the breakage-starting portion 5 in a portion where the breakage-starting portion 5 is formed, while this intersection extends in a direction that is not coincident with that of the extension of the breakage-starting portion in most of the other portion of the crank pin bore 1 d where the breakage-starting portion is not formed. Therefore, the broken and split surface can have a three-dimensional irregular shape, accurate alignment of the rod and cap sections 2 , 3 can be achieved when their broken and split surfaces are engaged with each other, and reproducibility can be enhanced at the time of assembly to the crankshaft.
  • the bolt hole 2 a of the large end 1 b is preferably close to the crank pin bore 1 d . Therefore, the width of the shoulders of the large end 1 b can be decreased while the thickness t 2 between the bolt hole 2 a and the outside wall 1 e is reliably large as required in terms of strength, allowing for size and weight reduction of the connecting rod.
  • one end 5 a of the breakage-starting portion 5 is positioned at one axial end of the crank pin bore 1 d , which allows the broken and split line to coincide with an expected breakage line.
  • the other end 5 b of the breakage-starting portion 5 is positioned in the axial middle of the crank pin bore 1 d . Therefore, the broken and split surface coincides with the breakage-starting portion 5 in a portion of the crank pin hole 1 d where the breakage-starting portion 5 is formed, while the broken and split surface deviates from and is not coincident with a direction of an extension of the breakage-starting portion 5 in a portion of the crank pin bore 1 d where no breakage-starting portion 5 is formed. Further, the other end 5 b is positioned closer to the one end 5 a than to the middle, that is, at a position not further than the middle. Therefore, when the thickness t 1 between the crank pin bore 1 d and the bolt hole 2 a is decreased, the portion with the decreased thickness t 1 is prevented from being decreased further in thickness and workability can be improved in machining the breakage-starting portion 5 .
  • the length L1 of the breakage-starting portion 5 is determined as from one end of the crank pin bore 1 d to a position that is slightly short of the middle in this preferred embodiment, the present invention is not limited to that.
  • the breakage-starting portion may be formed only at the axial end of the crank pin bore, may be formed to extend from an axial end of the crank pin bore to beyond the middle thereof, or may be formed only at the middle of the crank pin bore.
  • the length of the breakage-starting portion may be set such that the broken surface is formed reliably along the breakage-starting portion in a portion of the crank pin bore where the breakage-starting portion is formed, in order to prevent generation of burrs.
  • FIG. 5 is an example in which a tapered groove 6 a is formed as a breakage-starting portion 6 by broaching according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the breakage-starting portion 6 is formed by the tapered groove 6 a , workability can be improved compared with when a cut-out groove of a uniform depth is formed, and the depth of the groove at the inner end can be decreased. Therefore, even when the thickness t 1 between the crank pin bore 1 d and the bolt hole 2 a is small, the length L 3 of the breakage-starting portion 6 can be set such that the breakage-starting portion extends beyond the portion with the decreased thickness t 1 .
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show an example in which a large number of pores 7 a are formed successively at given intervals by laser machining as a breakage-starting portion 7 , according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the breakage-starting portion 7 is formed by laser machining, the breakage-starting portion 7 can be formed accurately and easily.
  • FIG. 11 is a view illustrating another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • one end 8 a and the other end 8 b of a breakage-starting portion 8 are positioned on both sides of a line “a” so as to extend across the line “a”, which connects axes 2 b of the bolt holes 2 a and extends in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin hole 1 d .
  • the length L 3 of the breakage-starting portion 8 is preferably equal to or smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole 2 a .
  • the above-described breakage-starting portion 8 is preferably constituted by a large number of pores formed successively at given intervals by laser machining, the processing method of the breakage-starting portion 8 is not limited to laser machining.
  • the breakage-starting portion 8 preferably has the same length as or a smaller length than the diameter of the bolt hole 2 a , and is positioned in the vicinity of the axis of the bolt hole. Therefore, a breakage starts only in a portion where the breakage-starting portion 8 is formed, and then extends to other portions b and c. Since a breakage starts at one point in the vicinity of the axis and it is not the case that breakages having started at different points join, which often accompanies generation of burrs, it is possible to reliably prevent generation of burrs.
  • FIG. 12 is a view illustrating another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a breakage-starting portion 9 is formed at a position that is generally coincident with the line “a” connecting the axes 2 b of the bolt holes 2 a and extending in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin hole 1 d.
  • breakage-starting portion 9 is formed only in the middle of the bolt hole 2 a , a breakage starts only in a portion where the breakage-starting portion 9 is formed, and then extends to the other portions b and c. Therefore, since it is not the case that breakages having started at different points join, which often accompanies generation of burrs, it is possible to reliably prevent generation of burrs.
  • a breakage-starting portion extending in the axial direction of the crank pin bore is formed in the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore of a large end, and the axial length of the breakage-starting portion is smaller than the axial length of the inside circumferential surface. Therefore, the broken and split surface is formed along only the breakage-starting portion, not in a location spaced from the breakage-starting portion, while no burr is produced by the broken and split surface in the other portion of the crank pin bore where no breakage-starting portion is formed. As a result, it is possible to prevent engine trouble such as damage or seizure inside the engine due to the falling of a burr during engine operation.
  • the other portion where no breakage-starting portion is formed deviates from and is not coincident with a direction of an extension of the breakage-starting portion. Therefore, the broken and split surface has a three-dimensional irregular shape, so that accurate alignment can be performed when the broken and split surfaces of the rod and cap sections are engaged with each other, and reproducibility of roundness and cylindricity can be enhanced during assembly to the crankshaft. As a result, roundness and cylindricity after engine assembly can be secured, wear and seizure can be prevented, and horsepower loss can be reduced.
  • the width of the shoulders of the large end can be decreased while a necessary thickness is secured between the bolt hole and the outside wall, thus allowing for size and weight reduction of the connecting rod.
  • one end of the breakage-starting portion is positioned at one end, in the axial direction, of the inside circumferential surface of the crank pin bore, a breakage at the time of splitting is caused to start reliably at the one end of the crank pin bore in the axial direction. Therefore, in a portion where the breakage-starting portion is formed, splitting along the starting portion can be performed reliably, preventing generation of burrs more consistently and dependably.
  • the other end of the breakage-starting portion is positioned closer to the one end of the crank pin hole than to the bolt hole. Therefore, in the case that the thickness between the crank pin bore and the bolt hole is decreased, the portion with the decreased thickness is prevented from being decreased further in thickness.
  • the breakage-starting portion is constituted by a tapered groove formed by machining, the forming work of the breakage-starting portion is greatly simplified. Even when the breakage-starting portion is formed such that the other end of the breakage-starting portion is positioned beyond the bolt hole, the portion with the decreased thickness is prevented from being decreased excessively in thickness.
  • the breakage-starting portion is constituted by pores formed successively at given intervals by laser machining, the breakage-starting portion can be formed accurately and easily.
  • one end and another end of a breakage-starting portion are positioned on both sides of a line so as to extend across the line connecting axes of the bolt holes and extending in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin hole, and a length of the breakage-starting portion is preferably equal to or smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole.
  • the breakage-starting portion is formed at a position that is generally coincident with the line connecting the axes of the bolt holes and extending in the direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the crank pin hole. Therefore, a breakage in breaking and splitting starts reliably in a portion where the breakage-starting portion is formed. Since a breakage is very unlikely to start in another portion where no breakage-starting portion is formed, it is not the case that breakages having started at different points join together. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent generation of burrs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
US10/500,915 2002-07-11 2003-07-10 Connecting rod split construction Abandoned US20050126660A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002-202203 2002-07-11
JP2002202203 2002-07-11
PCT/JP2003/008808 WO2004007980A1 (ja) 2002-07-11 2003-07-10 コンロッドの破断分割構造

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US20050126660A1 true US20050126660A1 (en) 2005-06-16

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US10/500,915 Abandoned US20050126660A1 (en) 2002-07-11 2003-07-10 Connecting rod split construction

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US (1) US20050126660A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1553313A4 (de)
JP (1) JP4368794B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100390427C (de)
AU (1) AU2003252497A1 (de)
BR (1) BR0307031B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004007980A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080307872A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2008-12-18 Tsuguo Koguchi Device and Method for Inspecting Connecting Rod
US9638242B2 (en) * 2015-09-28 2017-05-02 Ford Motor Company High-contrast engine connecting rod
CN109989995A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2019-07-09 丰田自动车株式会社 连杆制造方法和连杆

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7159559B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2007-01-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Split connecting rod, engine and vehicle
ATE531954T1 (de) 2005-05-20 2011-11-15 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Pleuel mit einem geteilten pleuelstangenkopf
JP5883644B2 (ja) * 2011-12-28 2016-03-15 富士重工業株式会社 コネクティングロッドの製造方法
CN102699640A (zh) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-03 苏州张扬能源科技有限公司 发动机连杆裂解加工工艺
JP6027364B2 (ja) * 2012-07-27 2016-11-16 富士重工業株式会社 コネクティングロッドの製造方法

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US4569109A (en) * 1984-07-02 1986-02-11 General Motors Corporation Method of making a split bearing assembly
US5974663A (en) * 1996-10-25 1999-11-02 Honda Giken Kogya Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing connecting rod

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JPS5844890B2 (ja) * 1981-07-30 1983-10-06 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 エンジンの連接棒半成品
JPS6021017A (ja) * 1983-07-15 1985-02-02 Hitachi Ltd 走査光子顕微鏡の光学系
JPS6182016A (ja) * 1984-09-14 1986-04-25 Honda Motor Co Ltd 往復動機関の連接棒
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JP2816926B2 (ja) * 1993-09-01 1998-10-27 住友電気工業株式会社 軸挟持部材およびその製造方法
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US4569109A (en) * 1984-07-02 1986-02-11 General Motors Corporation Method of making a split bearing assembly
US5974663A (en) * 1996-10-25 1999-11-02 Honda Giken Kogya Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing connecting rod

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080307872A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2008-12-18 Tsuguo Koguchi Device and Method for Inspecting Connecting Rod
US7596994B2 (en) * 2004-11-09 2009-10-06 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Device and method for inspecting connecting rod
US9638242B2 (en) * 2015-09-28 2017-05-02 Ford Motor Company High-contrast engine connecting rod
US10151340B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2018-12-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc High-contrast engine connecting rod
CN109989995A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2019-07-09 丰田自动车株式会社 连杆制造方法和连杆
US10480565B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2019-11-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Connecting rod manufacturing method and connecting rod
CN109989995B (zh) * 2017-12-25 2021-08-06 丰田自动车株式会社 连杆制造方法和连杆

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BR0307031B1 (pt) 2014-08-05
JP4368794B2 (ja) 2009-11-18
JPWO2004007980A1 (ja) 2005-11-10
BR0307031A (pt) 2004-11-03
CN100390427C (zh) 2008-05-28
WO2004007980A1 (ja) 2004-01-22
AU2003252497A1 (en) 2004-02-02
EP1553313A4 (de) 2006-10-11
CN1623043A (zh) 2005-06-01
EP1553313A1 (de) 2005-07-13

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