US20050103484A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050103484A1
US20050103484A1 US10/499,971 US49997104A US2005103484A1 US 20050103484 A1 US20050103484 A1 US 20050103484A1 US 49997104 A US49997104 A US 49997104A US 2005103484 A1 US2005103484 A1 US 2005103484A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchanger
thermal fluid
heat transfer
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/499,971
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English (en)
Inventor
Haruhiko Komatsu
Hiroyuki Tanaka
Masashi Shinohara
Bunichi Saito
Hideharu Izumi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2001391135A external-priority patent/JP2003185363A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2001391093A external-priority patent/JP2003185379A/ja
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Assigned to HONDA GIKEN KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment HONDA GIKEN KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IZUMI, HIDEHARU, KOMATSU, HARUHIKO, SAITO, BUNICHI, SHINOHARA, MASASHI, TANAKA, HIROYUKI
Publication of US20050103484A1 publication Critical patent/US20050103484A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D7/0075—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the same heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating or cooling the same heat exchange medium at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
    • F28D7/085—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger that has a heat transfer member disposed so as to be in contact with a thermal fluid flowing within a thermal fluid passage while the temperature of the thermal fluid decreases, and that recovers the thermal energy of the thermal fluid with a heat-absorbing medium via the heat transfer member by making the heat-absorbing medium flow within the heat transfer member in a direction opposite to the flow of the thermal fluid.
  • the present invention also relates to a heat exchanger that carries out heat exchange between a thermal fluid flowing through a thermal fluid passage formed in the interior of a casing and a heat-absorbing medium flowing within a heat transfer member disposed in the thermal fluid passage.
  • Such a heat exchanger is known from Japanese Patent Application Laid open No. 2001-207839 filed by the present applicant.
  • This heat exchanger is an evaporator that generates high temperature, high pressure steam by heating, with the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, water flowing within a heat transfer member formed from a pipe member bent in a zigzag shape and a pipe member wound in a spiral shape, and ensures uniform heat transfer performance in all regions of the heat exchanger by increasing the heat transfer area density (heat transfer area/volume) toward the downstream side of the exhaust gas passage.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 6-300207 discloses an arrangement in which the cross-sectional area of a passage through which flows the combustion gas of a once-through boiler is decreased toward the downstream side so as to gradually increase the flow rate of the combustion gas and increase the overall amount of heat transfer of the boiler.
  • a cylindrical dividing wall is provided via a microscopic gap inside a cylindrical casing forming an outer shell of the evaporator, and the spirally wound heat transfer member is brazed to an inner face of this dividing wall. Since the heat transfer member contributes only to an improvement of the rigidity of the dividing wall and cannot contribute to an improvement of the rigidity of the casing, it is therefore necessary to increase the thickness of the casing in order to ensure a required strength, and there is thus the problem of an increase in the weight of the casing.
  • the present invention has been achieved under the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is a first object thereof to maximize the heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger. Furthermore, it is a second object of the present invention to ensure sufficient rigidity while lightening the weight by reducing the thickness of a casing of a heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger that has a heat transfer member disposed so as to be in contact with a thermal fluid flowing within a thermal fluid passage while the temperature of the thermal fluid decreases, and that recovers the thermal energy of the thermal fluid with a heat-absorbing medium via the heat transfer member by making the heat-absorbing medium flow within the heat transfer member in a direction opposite to the flow of the thermal fluid, characterized in that the heat transfer member includes a guide member that deflects the flow of the thermal fluid, and a disturbing member that agitates the flow of the thermal fluid that has been deflected by the guide member.
  • the heat transfer member through which the heat-absorbing medium flows includes the guide member that deflects the flow of the thermal fluid and the disturbing member that agitates the flow of the thermal fluid that has been deflected by the guide member, by increasing the length of the thermal fluid passage so as to increase the contact area between the thermal fluid and the heat transfer member, and by increasing the opportunity for contact between the thermal fluid and the heat transfer member by the agitation, it is possible to increase the heat exchange efficiency by carrying out heat transfer effectively between the thermal fluid and the heat transfer member.
  • a heat exchanger wherein the thermal fluid passage is divided, from the upstream side toward the downstream side in the direction of flow of the thermal fluid, into a high temperature region, a medium temperature region, and a low temperature region, the temperature and the flow rate of the thermal fluid gradually decrease while flowing from the high temperature region to the low temperature region through the medium temperature region, and the guide member and the disturbing member are disposed at least in the medium temperature region.
  • the guide member and the disturbing member are disposed in the medium temperature region of the thermal fluid, which is located in the middle of the thermal fluid passage along the direction of flow, as much as possible of the thermal energy that could not be recovered by the heat-absorbing medium in the upstream side high temperature region of the thermal fluid can be recovered on its downstream side in the medium temperature region, thereby improving the overall thermal energy recovery efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger wherein the thermal fluid passage has an annular shape in the medium temperature region, the guide member is formed from a spiral heat transfer plate disposed within the annular thermal fluid passage, and the disturbing member is formed by winding a plurality of undulating heat transfer tubes in a spiral shape so as to follow the guide member, the plurality of undulating heat transfer tubes being stacked out of phase.
  • the guide member disposed in the annular thermal fluid passage in the medium temperature region is formed from the spiral heat transfer plate, the flow of thermal fluid can be deflected by employing a simple structure with a small number of components, and since the disturbing member is formed by winding the plurality of undulating heat transfer tubes, which are stacked out of phase, in the spiral shape so as to follow the guide member, not only is it possible to arrange the long heat transfer tube compactly in a confined space, thus increasing the heat transfer area density, but it is also possible to generate agitation in the flow of the thermal fluid effectively and increase the opportunity for contact with the heat transfer tube, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency.
  • a heat exchanger wherein the medium temperature region is arranged so as to cover the radially outer side of the high temperature region, and the low temperature region is arranged so as to cover the radially outer side of the medium temperature region.
  • the high temperature region, the medium temperature region, and the low temperature region are arranged sequentially from the radially inner to outer sides of the heat exchanger, heat escaping radially outward from the high temperature region can be recovered in the medium temperature region, and heat escaping radially outward from the medium temperature region can be recovered in the low temperature region, thereby fully recovering the thermal energy of the thermal fluid.
  • thermo fluid is exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
  • heat exchanger is an evaporator that evaporates the heat-absorbing medium with the heat of the exhaust gas
  • heat transfer tubes 61 , 67 , and 70 and a heat transfer plate 68 of an embodiment correspond to the heat transfer members of the present invention and, in particular, the heat transfer tube 67 and the heat transfer plate 68 correspond to the disturbing member and the guide member respectively of the present invention.
  • first to third exhaust gas passages 56 , 55 , and 50 of the embodiment correspond to the thermal fluid passage of the present invention
  • an evaporator 23 of the embodiment corresponds to the heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • a heat exchanger that carries out heat exchange between a thermal fluid flowing through a thermal fluid passage formed in the interior of a casing and a heat-absorbing medium flowing within heat transfer members disposed in the thermal fluid passage, characterized in that the heat transfer member positioned on the radially outermost side is fixed along an inner face of the casing.
  • the casing and the heat transfer member reinforce each other to improve the rigidity, and the thickness of the casing can accordingly be reduced, thus enabling the weight to be lightened.
  • thermo fluid passage formed along the inner face of the casing is in a downstream section in the direction of flow of the thermal fluid.
  • the relatively low temperature thermal fluid that has carried out heat exchange fully with the heat-absorbing medium forms a heat-insulating layer along the inner face of the casing, thereby suppressing more effectively escape of heat from the casing to the outside.
  • the relatively low temperature heat-absorbing medium that has not yet fully carried out heat exchange with the thermal fluid forms a heat-insulating layer along the inner face of the casing, thereby suppressing more effectively escape of heat from the casing to the outside.
  • thermo fluid is exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
  • heat exchanger is an evaporator that evaporates the heat-absorbing medium with the heat of the exhaust gas
  • exhaust gas of the embodiment corresponds to the thermal fluid of the present invention
  • water of the embodiment corresponds to the heat-absorbing medium of the present invention
  • a center casing 31 of the embodiment corresponds to the casing of the present invention
  • the heat transfer tubes 61 , 67 , and 70 of the embodiment correspond to the heat transfer member of the present invention
  • the first to third exhaust gas passages 56 , 55 , and 50 of the embodiment correspond to the thermal fluid passage of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 illustrate one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of an internal combustion engine equipped with an evaporator
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view along line 2 - 2 in FIG. 1 (a sectional view along line 2 - 2 in FIG. 3 ),
  • FIG. 3 is a view from arrowed line 3 - 3 in FIG. 2 ,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line 4 - 4 in FIG. 2 ,
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view along line 5 - 5 in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view along line 6 - 6 in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of part 7 in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view from arrow 8 in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the evaporator
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a heat transfer tube and a heat transfer plate of a first stage heat exchanger and a second stage heat exchanger
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a catalyst support and a heat transfer tube of a third stage heat exchanger
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the route of water flowing through the heat transfer tube.
  • an in-line multicylinder internal combustion engine E includes a cylinder head 12 and a head cover 13 joined to an upper face of a cylinder block 11 , and an oil pan 14 joined to a lower face of the cylinder block 11 .
  • Pistons 16 slidably fitted in cylinder bores 15 provided in the cylinder block 11 are connected to a crankshaft 18 via connecting rods 17 .
  • An intake manifold 21 and an exhaust manifold 22 are respectively connected to intake ports 19 and exhaust ports 20 formed in the cylinder head 12 , and an exhaust pipe 24 is connected to the downstream side of the exhaust manifold 22 via an evaporator 23 .
  • the evaporator 23 forms a heat exchanger of the present invention, and generates high temperature, high pressure steam by heating water as a heat-absorbing medium with the heat of exhaust gas as a thermal fluid.
  • the structure of the evaporator 23 is explained below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 .
  • the outer shell of the evaporator 23 includes a cylindrical center casing 31 , an annular header 32 joined to the upper end of the center casing 31 , an upper casing 33 joined to the upper end of the header 32 , and a lower casing 34 joined to the lower end of the center casing 31 .
  • An upper cover 35 is fitted onto an upper face of the upper casing 33 , and the upper cover 35 is fixed to the upper casing 33 by securing twelve radial projections 35 a projectingly provided on the outer periphery of the upper cover 35 to the upper face of the upper casing 33 by means of bolts 36 .
  • a mounting flange 39 which is joined to a mounting flange 37 of the exhaust manifold 22 via a plurality of bolts 38 .
  • a mounting flange 42 is provided at the lower end of the lower casing 34 , which is joined to a mounting flange 40 of the exhaust pipe 24 via a plurality of bolts 41 .
  • a cone-shaped lower cover 44 is supported within the lower casing 34 via three struts 43 , and an outer peripheral portion of a turn plate 45 is joined to an outer peripheral portion of the lower cover 44 .
  • a sealed space 46 is defined between the lower cover 44 and the turn plate 45 .
  • a cylindrical first dividing wall 47 and second dividing wall 48 are coaxially disposed inside the cylindrical center casing 31 ; lower ends of the first and second dividing walls 47 and 48 are joined to the outer peripheral portion of the lower cover 44 and the outer peripheral portion of the turn plate 45 respectively, and upper ends of the first and second dividing walls 47 and 48 are joined to a common annular connecting member 49 .
  • An annular third exhaust gas passage 50 is defined between the center casing 31 and the first dividing wall 47 , and a very small gap is formed between the first and second dividing walls 47 and 48 .
  • a cylindrical third dividing wall 51 and a cylindrical fourth dividing wall 52 are coaxially disposed inside the second dividing wall 48 ; upper ends of the third and fourth dividing walls 51 and 52 are joined to an inner end of the upper casing 33 , and lower ends of the third and fourth dividing walls 51 and 52 are joined to annular headers 53 and 54 .
  • An annular second exhaust gas passage 55 is defined between the second dividing wall 48 and the third dividing wall 51 , a cylindrical first exhaust gas passage 56 is defined inside the fourth dividing wall 52 , and a very small gap is formed between the third and fourth dividing walls 51 and 52 .
  • Exhaust gas flowing into the first exhaust gas passage 56 from the exhaust manifold 22 via the upper cover 35 therefore flows downward within the first exhaust gas passage 56 , impinges on the turn plate 45 , thus changing direction by 180°, and flows into the second exhaust gas passage 55 .
  • the exhaust gas that has flowed upward through the second exhaust gas passage 55 impinges on the upper casing 33 , thus changing direction by 1800 , flows downward through the third exhaust gas passage 50 , and then merges into the exhaust pipe 24 via a space between the lower casing 34 and the lower cover 44 .
  • a first stage heat exchanger H 1 Disposed in the third exhaust gas passage 50 , the second exhaust gas passage 55 , and the first exhaust gas passage 56 are a first stage heat exchanger H 1 , a second stage heat exchanger H 2 , and a third stage heat exchanger H 3 respectively. While flowing sequentially within the first stage heat exchanger H 1 ⁇ the second stage heat exchanger H 2 ⁇ the third stage heat exchanger H 3 , water as the heat-absorbing medium carries out heat exchange with exhaust gas flowing sequentially within the first exhaust gas passage 56 ⁇ the second exhaust gas passage 55 ⁇ the third exhaust gas passage 50 , and turns into high temperature, high pressure steam.
  • a heat transfer member of the first stage heat exchanger H 1 is a combination of four heat transfer tubes 61 ; entrance ends thereof are connected to a water supply pipe 63 via an arc-shaped branch passage 62 provided in a header portion 34 a of the lower casing 34 (see FIG. 2 , FIG. 6 , and FIG. 12 ). Exit ends of the four heat transfer tubes 61 , which are integrally fixed by brazing (see FIG. 7 ) to an inner face of the center casing 31 , communicate with four T-shaped branch passages 65 (see FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG.
  • each of the branch passages 65 is covered by a cover member 66 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the heat transfer member of the second stage heat exchanger is formed from a total of twelve heat transfer tubes 67 and four heat transfer plates 68 .
  • the total of twelve heat transfer tubes 67 are grouped into four sets each including three of the heat transfer tubes 67 , and entrance ends of the three heat transfer tubes 67 of each set are connected to a corresponding one of the four T-shaped branch passages 65 .
  • the three heat transfer tubes 67 each of which is bent in an undulating shape, are stacked so as to be out of phase with each other, and disposed together within the annular second exhaust gas passage 55 in a spirally wound state as a whole (see FIG. 5 , FIG. 10 , and FIG. 12 ).
  • the four sets of heat transfer tubes 67 are partitioned from each other by the four spiral-shaped heat transfer plates 68 . Exit ends of the twelve heat transfer tubes 67 are connected in groups of three to four locations in the circumferential direction of a circular collecting passage 69 formed on mating faces of the headers 53 and 54 (see FIG. 6 ).
  • inlets 55 a of the second exhaust gas passage 55 are defined by end portions of the four heat transfer plates 68 .
  • inlets 55 a of the second exhaust gas passage 55 are defined by end portions of the four heat transfer plates 68 .
  • the heat transfer member of the third stage heat exchanger is formed from two heat transfer tubes 70 . Entrance ends of the heat transfer tubes 70 are connected to the circular collecting passage 69 formed on the mating faces of the headers 53 and 54 (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 12 ), and exit ends of the heat transfer tubes 70 are collected in an arc-shaped collecting passage 71 (see FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 12 ) formed in a header portion 33 b of the upper casing 33 and then connected to a steam discharge pipe 72 .
  • Each of the heat transfer tubes 70 is bent in a zigzag shape within one plane, and then bent in a zigzag shape within an adjacent plane, and so on sequentially, and the two heat transfer tubes 70 are combined so as to mesh with each other.
  • a plurality of flat catalyst support sheets 73 are contained in spaces between the two heat transfer tubes 70 thus combined.
  • Each of the catalyst supports 73 is formed from a bent sheet having a large surface area (see FIG. 8 ), and an exhaust gas purification catalyst is supported on the surface thereof.
  • water supplied from a water supply pump via the water supply pipe 63 turns into high temperature, high pressure steam after flowing through the branch passage 62 ⁇ the four heat transfer tubes 61 of the first stage heat exchanger H 1 ⁇ the four branch passages 65 ⁇ the twelve heat transfer tubes 67 of the second stage heat exchanger H 2 ⁇ the annular collecting passage 69 ⁇ the two heat transfer tubes 70 of the third stage heat exchanger H 3 ⁇ the collecting passage 71 , and is discharged into the steam discharge pipe 72 .
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold 22 of the internal combustion engine E first flows downward in the first exhaust gas passage 56 of the evaporator 23 , and carries out heat exchange with the third stage heat exchanger H 3 provided therein.
  • the first exhaust gas passage 56 in which the third stage heat exchanger H 3 is disposed, is a linear passage having a uniform circular cross section
  • the catalyst supports 73 which are integral with the third stage heat exchanger H 3 , are plate-shaped members disposed in parallel to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas, the flow of exhaust gas therethrough becomes laminar. This enables the pressure loss of the exhaust gas to be minimized and the exhaust gas to be supplied to the second stage heat exchanger H 2 at a high flow rate.
  • the heat of reaction generated by a catalytic reaction involving the exhaust gas purification catalyst is absorbed by water flowing through the third stage heat exchanger H 3 , the energy recovery efficiency is further improved.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust gas passage 56 is guided by the turn plate 45 so as to turn through 1800 , and flows upward through the annular second exhaust gas passage 55 , which surrounds the outside of the first exhaust gas passage 56 .
  • the turn plate 45 has a shape that is suitable for providing a smooth U-turn for the flow of exhaust gas. Since the second stage heat exchanger H 2 , which is disposed in the second exhaust gas passage 55 , includes four spiral passages defined by the four heat transfer plates 68 , the flow path for exhaust gas flowing therein becomes long, and the direction of flow of the exhaust gas is deflected, thus resulting in spiral flow.
  • the heat transfer tubes 67 of the second stage heat exchanger H 2 have a structure in which a tube bent into undulations is wound in a spiral shape, not only is it possible to compactly arrange the heat transfer tubes 67 , which have a long overall length, but it is also possible to make uniform contact with the exhaust gas because the phases of the undulations of adjacent heat transfer tubes 67 are displaced; moreover, the contact area with the exhaust gas can be increased, and a turbulent flow can be imparted effectively to the exhaust gas.
  • the heat transfer area density (heat transfer area/volume) of the second stage heat exchanger H 2 is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is accordingly increased and, in particular, since the flow of exhaust gas is spiral and turbulent, it is possible to contact the exhaust gas sufficiently with the heat transfer plates 68 and the heat transfer tubes 67 , thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas passage is reduced at the four inlets 55 a of the second exhaust gas passage 55 (see FIG. 4 ), the exhaust gas having its flow rate thus increased flows into the second exhaust gas passage 55 , thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the exhaust gas that has reached the upstream end of the second exhaust gas passage 55 is guided by the upper casing 33 so as to turn through 180°, and flows downward through the annular third exhaust gas passage 50 , which surrounds the outside of the second exhaust gas passage 55 .
  • the exhaust gas After the exhaust gas carries out heat exchange with water flowing through the four spirally wound heat transfer tubes 61 of the first stage heat exchanger H 1 disposed in the third exhaust gas passage 50 , it is discharged to the exhaust pipe 24 via a passage between the lower casing 34 and the lower cover 44 .
  • the heat transfer tubes 61 of the first stage heat exchanger H 1 are integrally fixed by brazing to the inner face of the center casing 31 , the heat transfer tubes 61 and the center casing 31 reinforce each other, thus increasing the overall rigidity of the evaporator 23 .
  • the center casing 31 is cylindrical and the heat transfer tubes 61 are spiral, the rigidity against an external force can be improved compared with a case in which the casing and the tubes have a flat face or a linear section.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical center casing 31 and the winding diameter of the spirally wound heat transfer tubes 61 are substantially the same, and outer faces of the heat transfer tubes 61 are brazed to the inner face of the center casing 31 in line contact, it is possible to maximize the area for brazing, thereby securely integrating the center casing 31 and the heat transfer tubes 61 .
  • the center casing 31 and the heat transfer tubes 61 are integrated and can reinforce each other, the thickness of the center casing 31 can be reduced, thus contributing to a lightening of the weight of the evaporator 23 .
  • the first exhaust gas passage 56 through which high temperature exhaust gas flows
  • the second exhaust gas passage 55 through which medium temperature exhaust gas flows
  • the third exhaust gas passage 50 through which low temperature exhaust gas flows
  • heat escaping from the first exhaust gas passage 56 to the radially outer side can be recovered by the second exhaust gas passage 55
  • heat escaping from the second exhaust gas passage 55 to the radially outer side can be recovered by the first exhaust gas passage 56 , thereby enabling the thermal energy of the exhaust gas to be recovered fully.
  • the third exhaust gas passage 50 which is disposed along the inner periphery of the center casing 31 , is positioned on the most downstream side in the direction of flow of exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas flowing therethrough has a relatively low temperature, the third exhaust gas passage 50 can function as a heat-insulating layer for absorbing and blocking heat escaping from the interior of the evaporator 23 , which reaches a high temperature, thereby minimizing the escape of heat from the center casing 31 to the atmosphere.
  • the heat transfer tubes 61 of the first heat exchanger H 1 which is disposed along the inner periphery of the center casing 31 , are positioned on the most upstream side in the direction of flow of water, and the water flowing therethrough has a relatively low temperature, the heat transfer tubes 61 can function as a heat-insulating layer for absorbing and blocking the heat escaping from the interior of the evaporator 23 , which reaches a high temperature, thereby minimizing the escape of heat from the center casing 31 to the atmosphere.
  • the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine E is illustrated as the thermal fluid and water is illustrated as the heat-absorbing medium, but any other appropriate substances can be employed as the thermal fluid and the heat-absorbing medium.
  • bypass passage connecting the downstream end of the first exhaust gas passage 56 to the exhaust pipe 24 is provided by utilizing the space 46 surrounded by the lower cover 44 and the turn plate 45 , and this bypass passage is provided with an open/close valve, opening the open/close valve when the internal pressure of the evaporator 23 is high enables the pressure to escape.
  • an oxygen concentration sensor, etc. can be mounted by utilizing the strut 43 supporting the lower cover 44 on the lower casing 34 .
  • the heat exchanger in accordance with the present invention is one that is suitable for application to carrying out heat exchange between water and the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, it can be applied to any purpose.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US10/499,971 2001-12-25 2002-11-15 Heat exchanger Abandoned US20050103484A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001391135A JP2003185363A (ja) 2001-12-25 2001-12-25 熱交換器
JP2001-391135 2001-12-25
JP2001-391093 2001-12-25
JP2001391093A JP2003185379A (ja) 2001-12-25 2001-12-25 熱交換器
PCT/JP2002/011964 WO2003056265A1 (fr) 2001-12-25 2002-11-15 Echangeur thermique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050103484A1 true US20050103484A1 (en) 2005-05-19

Family

ID=26625236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/499,971 Abandoned US20050103484A1 (en) 2001-12-25 2002-11-15 Heat exchanger

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20050103484A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1460365A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003056265A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070175618A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-02 Key Ronald D Process and apparatus for sythesis gas heat exchange system
US20120318474A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2012-12-20 Mauri Antero Lieskoski Ground circuit in a low-energy system
CN103089372A (zh) * 2011-10-29 2013-05-08 刘莞欣 换热消声器
US8828107B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2014-09-09 Linde Process Plants, Inc. Process and apparatus for synthesis gas heat exchange system
JP2018119414A (ja) * 2017-01-23 2018-08-02 スズキ株式会社 排気熱回収装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1872076A4 (fr) * 2005-04-07 2009-09-02 Alan Paul Baker Ameliorations dans le controle des echangeurs de chaleur
CN101566437B (zh) * 2008-04-26 2013-07-10 赵文阁 复合套管双螺旋换热器
DE102010046804A1 (de) * 2010-09-28 2012-03-29 Voith Patent Gmbh Rohrbündel-Wärmetauscher
CN104359335A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2015-02-18 镇海石化建安工程有限公司 新型多股流换热器
DE102017209728A1 (de) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-13 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Wärmerückgewinnung
EP3543637A1 (fr) 2018-03-22 2019-09-25 Casale Sa Échangeur de chaleur à tubes

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EP0874209A1 (fr) * 1997-04-24 1998-10-28 Giorgio Scanferla Echangeur de chaleur pour un chauffe-eau et sa méthode de fabrication
JP4372294B2 (ja) * 1999-12-07 2009-11-25 株式会社ティラド 触媒一体型排気熱交換器
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US3126949A (en) * 1964-03-31 Heat exchanger construction
US2199216A (en) * 1937-12-22 1940-04-30 Conti Piero Ginori Vaporizer
US2888251A (en) * 1956-10-10 1959-05-26 Dalin Nils Algot Apparatus for effecting heat exchange between two fluid media
US3040500A (en) * 1958-09-11 1962-06-26 Hankison Corp Vapor condenser
US3183969A (en) * 1962-02-28 1965-05-18 Foster Wheeler Corp Heat exchangers
US3483920A (en) * 1967-10-13 1969-12-16 Thermal Transfer Corp Heat exchangers
US3696636A (en) * 1968-03-06 1972-10-10 Gaston M Mille Method and apparatus for cooling liquids
US3482625A (en) * 1968-04-03 1969-12-09 William R Bray Two phase heat exchanger
US4285393A (en) * 1978-10-26 1981-08-25 Ght, Gesellschaft Fur Hochtemperaturreaktor-Technik Mbh Heat exchanger for high-temperature gases
US4502626A (en) * 1980-05-16 1985-03-05 Gas Research Institute Combustion product condensing water heater
US4494484A (en) * 1982-11-24 1985-01-22 Sulzer Brothers Limited Heat exchanger for a process gas
US4700772A (en) * 1984-07-05 1987-10-20 Sulzer Brothers Limited Heat exchanger system
US5533362A (en) * 1990-02-09 1996-07-09 Columbia Gas Of Ohio, Inc. Heat transfer apparatus for heat pumps

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070175618A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-02 Key Ronald D Process and apparatus for sythesis gas heat exchange system
US7871449B2 (en) * 2006-01-31 2011-01-18 Linde Process Plants, Inc. Process and apparatus for synthesis gas heat exchange system
US8828107B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2014-09-09 Linde Process Plants, Inc. Process and apparatus for synthesis gas heat exchange system
US20120318474A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2012-12-20 Mauri Antero Lieskoski Ground circuit in a low-energy system
US10113772B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2018-10-30 Mauri Antero Lieskoski Ground circuit in a low-energy system
CN103089372A (zh) * 2011-10-29 2013-05-08 刘莞欣 换热消声器
JP2018119414A (ja) * 2017-01-23 2018-08-02 スズキ株式会社 排気熱回収装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1460365A1 (fr) 2004-09-22
EP1460365A4 (fr) 2005-01-05
WO2003056265A1 (fr) 2003-07-10

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