US20050042563A1 - Electronic ignition circuit for oil burners - Google Patents

Electronic ignition circuit for oil burners Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050042563A1
US20050042563A1 US10/496,428 US49642804A US2005042563A1 US 20050042563 A1 US20050042563 A1 US 20050042563A1 US 49642804 A US49642804 A US 49642804A US 2005042563 A1 US2005042563 A1 US 2005042563A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
core
transformer
windings
ignition circuit
high frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/496,428
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English (en)
Inventor
Ken Petersen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danfoss AS
Original Assignee
Danfoss AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss AS filed Critical Danfoss AS
Assigned to DANFOSS A/S reassignment DANFOSS A/S ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PETERSEN, KEN
Publication of US20050042563A1 publication Critical patent/US20050042563A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q3/00—Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
    • F23Q3/004—Using semiconductor elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q3/00—Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/12—Ignition, e.g. for IC engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ignition circuit for oil burners, in particular a high voltage high frequency ignition circuit, where the circuit comprises an oscillator and a high frequency transformer wound on a core, and a transformer for such a circuit.
  • a blower creates an airflow into which the oil is sprayed through a spray nozzle to form an oil mist in the airflow.
  • an ignition spark gap is located in the vicinity of, but not too close to the spray nozzle.
  • the spark gap is located downstream from the blower and the spray nozzle with respect to the airflow.
  • the distance from the spray nozzle to the spark gap in the direction of the airflow is, however, quite small, e.g. approximately 1-2 mm.
  • the spray nozzle and the spark gap are usually off-set slightly in the direction across the airflow, so as to prevent the oil mist from reaching the electrodes of the spark gap.
  • the spark gap could be located upstream from the spray nozzle. The important thing, however, is that the ignition spark gap is located sufficiently far away from the spray nozzles, or rather the oil mist, to prevent soot forming on the electrodes from unburned oil from the oil mist.
  • the spark gap must be located close enough to the spray nozzle to allow the arc formed in the spark gap to actually reach the oil mist and ignite it.
  • the arc When the arc is formed between the electrodes of the spark gap it will be deformed, inter alia, by the airflow so as to extend downstream into the oil mist. This, however, cools the arc, and under certain conditions, the part of the arc, which extends into the oil mist, may only be able to ignite the oil mist with a delay, or even not be able to ignite the oil mist at all. In both cases unburned oil products are blown away into the environment causing pollution thereof.
  • the present invention in particular relates to high voltage high frequency ignition.
  • FIG. 1 a known electronic circuit for producing the arc is shown.
  • the circuit comprises a spark gap G connected to the secondary of a high voltage high frequency transformer T 1 .
  • the high frequency transformer T 1 is wound on a ferrite rod.
  • An example of such a high frequency high voltage transformer is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,518.
  • the electronic circuit incorporates an oscillator circuit R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6 , DZ 1 , DZ 2 , TR 1 and T 1 .
  • the transformer T 1 is coupled with the basis of the transistor TR 1 , so as to provide the feedback needed for the oscillator.
  • the electronic circuit further comprises a half-wave rectifier circuit D 1 , C 2 as well as noise suppression circuitry L 1 , C 1 , R 5 , R 6 , the details of which are not considered relevant for the present invention and will not be described in further detail.
  • the oscillator is fed with the half-wave rectified current from the half-wave rectifier, and thus produces high frequency bursts to the high frequency transformer T 1 .
  • an electronic ignition circuit for oil burners characterized in that the core on which the high frequency transformer is wound comprises two parts between which a gap is provided so as to form a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux generated by the windings of the transformer, when current flows through the windings.
  • a core forming a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux By the use of a core forming a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux a substantial reduction in the size of the transformer is achieved, because not only the core itself but also the windings may be reduced in size. Moreover, having a core comprising two parts between which a gap is provided allows for easy assembly of the transformer.
  • the core comprises at least one essentially E shaped core and a yoke.
  • the yoke also comprises a second essentially E shaped core.
  • the gap is formed between the central leg of the E shaped core and the yoke.
  • the core weighs less than 14 g.
  • the oscillator comprises a MOS-FET transistor.
  • MOS-FET is advantageous as it is more power efficient as compared to traditional bipolar transistors, and thus contributes to the overall efficiency of the electronic circuit. Moreover it allows a greater deflection of the arc.
  • the present invention provides a burner comprising the above electronic circuit is provided.
  • the invention involves the use, in an electronic ignition circuit for oil burners, of a high voltage high frequency transformer comprising a core forming a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux generated by the windings of the transformer, when current flows through the windings.
  • the invention relates to a high voltage high frequency ignition transformer for oil burners, where the transformer comprises a core forming a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux generated by the windings of the transformer, when current flows through the windings.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of an electronic ignition circuit for oil burners
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view in partial section of a substantially closed core employed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention to form a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux generated by the windings of the transformer,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of an ignition spark gap an oil burner
  • FIGS. 4 a - 4 c illustrate the ignition arc under different experimental conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of an electronic ignition circuit for oil burners. Except for the high voltage high frequency transformer T 1 , which is in the present invention substituted by a high voltage high frequency transformer T 1 ′, this circuit corresponds to a prior art circuit. For the sake of convenience, i.e. to avoid having two substantially identical figures, reference will be made to FIG. 1 also in the context of the present invention, only with T 1 ′ replacing T 1 .
  • the circuit comprises a spark gap G connected to the secondary of a high voltage high frequency transformer T 1 ′.
  • the spark gap of the burner is located remote from the ignition unit containing the electronic circuit including the high voltage, high frequency transformer T 1 ′.
  • the electronic ignition circuit incorporates an oscillator circuit R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , C 3 , C 4 , CS, C 6 , DZ 1 , DZ 2 , TR 1 and T 1 ′. It should be noticed that the transformer T 1 ′ is coupled with the basis of the transistor TR 1 , so as to provide the feedback needed for the oscillator.
  • the electronic circuit further comprises a half-wave rectifier circuit D 1 , C 2 as well as noise suppression circuitry L 1 , C 1 , R 5 , R 6 , the details of which are not considered relevant for the present invention and will not be described further.
  • the transformer T 1 ′ is shown in perspective view and partial section in FIG. 2 .
  • the transformer T 1 ′ has a substantially closed core 1 comprising two parts 1 a and 1 b , which are in the preferred embodiment identical, both being substantially E shaped and both preferably of a ferrite material.
  • the two parts are arranged in an opposing mirror image configuration.
  • the middle leg 2 of the E is preferably cylindrical, so as to match a likewise cylindrical bobbin 3 on which the windings 4 a , 4 b , 4 c are wound.
  • the two outer legs 5 of the E are essentially rectangular in cross section. It is, however preferred that the inner side is curved, cf. FIG.
  • the middle leg 2 is slightly shorter than the two outer legs 5 .
  • the interconnections 7 between the outer legs 5 and the central leg 2 are slightly tapered, so as to present a trapeze shaped cross section.
  • the bobbin 3 On the bobbin 3 four windings are located in appropriate grooves. There are two secondary high voltages windings 4 b and 4 c each distributed between several grooves, three for each respective secondary winding in FIG. 2 , so as to reduce the voltage between adjacent turns. The two secondary windings are connected in series, so as to have a neutral point between them. In the burner this neutral point may be grounded using the metal parts of the burner, thereby reducing electrocution hazards, and the risk of undesired sparks to conducting parts of the burner. In the bobbin 3 there is a further groove in which the primary low voltage winding 4 a is located. Together with the primary winding 4 a the coupling winding 4 d (not shown in FIG. 2 ), which is connected to the basis of the transistor TR 1 , is located.
  • the core used is a pair of ETD 45G 19 14 07-050 core parts, supplied by Iskra Feriti, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
  • the use of these two core parts gives a gap of approximately 1 mm.
  • the overall dimensions for each core part is approximately 19,6 mm ⁇ 7,4 mm, giving the core an overall weight of approximately 13,4 g, which is a substantial reduction over the rod core presently employed by the applicant, weighing approximately 16 g.
  • this core which forms a substantially closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux generated by the windings of the transformer, when current flows through the windings, reduces the amount of copper needed for the transformer windings with approximately 20 percent.
  • substantially closed in the present context is not to be understood as a including a fully closed magnetic circuit.
  • fully closed magnetic circuits do not give rise to the advantages of the invention, as will be apparent from description of experiments given below.
  • the use of the core according to the present invention makes the use of a MOS-FET type transistor as the transistor TR 1 in the oscillator circuit.
  • the MOS-FET generates sharper flanks in the high frequency oscillations produced, and gives rise to a larger deflection of the arc, as will be described below in connection with FIGS. 4 a - 4 c .
  • the use of a MOS-FET transistor is more energy efficient.
  • the configuration of the two parts of the core may be any conventional e.g. such as C-I, C-C, E-I, E-C, E-E, or C-T.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a spark gap G with two electrodes 12 , 13 and two terminals 14 and 15 for connection to secondary of the ignition transformer T 1 ′ via a cable (not shown).
  • a plasma arc is formed between the electrodes 12 , 13 .
  • FIGS. 4 a - 4 c illustrate the ignition arc under experimental conditions, during tests performed with different high voltage high frequency transformers inserted in the electronic circuit of FIG. 1 .
  • the darker areas illustrate the central channels of hot, highly luminous plasma emitting white light, whereas the grey areas illustrate the outer cloud of colder blue/white luminous plasma.
  • the scale coves 0-2 cm.
  • FIG. 4 a illustrates the arc, which is achieved if a closed core is used for the high voltage high frequency transformer.
  • FIG. 4 b illustrates the arc, which is achieved with the prior art high voltage high frequency transformer.
  • FIG. 4 c illustrates the arc achieved using the high voltage high frequency transformer of the preferred embodiment using ETD 45G 19 14 07-050 core parts and a gap of 1 mm.
  • the luminous cloud of plasma extends about 13 mm from the tips of the electrodes in FIG. 4 b where the prior art transformer T 1 is used in the ignition circuit. If instead, the transformer according to the present invention is used as illustrated in FIG. 4 c the luminous cloud of plasma extends more than 15 mm from the tips of the electrodes. On the other hand, if a transformer with a closed core is used, the arc is only deflected slightly and the luminous cloud extends only about 5 mm from the electrodes.
  • the present invention provides a longer arc of blue/white plasma reaching deeper into the oil mist for ignition, but also the white-hot central arc channel reaches as far using the present invention as does the colder blue/white plasma when using the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
US10/496,428 2001-12-14 2001-12-14 Electronic ignition circuit for oil burners Abandoned US20050042563A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2001/000828 WO2003052322A1 (en) 2001-12-14 2001-12-14 Electronic ignition circuit for oil burners

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050042563A1 true US20050042563A1 (en) 2005-02-24

Family

ID=8149452

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/496,428 Abandoned US20050042563A1 (en) 2001-12-14 2001-12-14 Electronic ignition circuit for oil burners

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20050042563A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1454096B1 (de)
KR (1) KR100632766B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1254632C (de)
AT (1) ATE352752T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2001298080A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60126362T2 (de)
WO (1) WO2003052322A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090191492A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Ann W. Kline Ignition sequence and electrode tip geometry for oil-fired furnace
CN112178687A (zh) * 2019-07-04 2021-01-05 黄智梵 新能源打火机等离子体空气射流点火技术

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007071247A2 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Danfoss A/S Electronic ignition circuit and a method for operating said circuit
CN108613216A (zh) * 2017-12-22 2018-10-02 上海富良环保科技有限公司 一种电弧式点烟器及方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1791719A (en) * 1927-07-28 1931-02-10 K W Ignition Corp Transformer
US4222089A (en) * 1977-11-10 1980-09-09 The Scott & Fetzer Company Oil burner ignition and control package
US4358813A (en) * 1980-11-20 1982-11-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Ignition apparatus for a burner
US4403943A (en) * 1980-05-06 1983-09-13 R.B.L. Riello Bruciatori Legnago S.P.A. Flame surveying means in burner ignition
US4683518A (en) * 1986-11-17 1987-07-28 R. E. Phelon Company, Inc. Ignition for oil burner
US5638262A (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-06-10 Dell Usa L.P. Method and apparatus for providing isolated power sourced from bleeder current
US6123062A (en) * 1996-04-29 2000-09-26 Alliedsignal Inc. Spark ignition system having a capacitive discharge system and a magnetic core-coil assembly
US6142130A (en) * 1995-12-13 2000-11-07 Ward; Michael A. V. Low inductance high energy inductive ignition system
US6370043B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2002-04-09 Sony Corporation Switching power supply circuit formed as a composite resonance converter
US6590787B2 (en) * 2000-12-07 2003-07-08 Sony Corporation Wide range zero voltage switching resonance type converter

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATA607774A (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-11-15 Iwet Anstalt Schaltungsanordnung zur zundung von ol- oder gasbrennern

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1791719A (en) * 1927-07-28 1931-02-10 K W Ignition Corp Transformer
US4222089A (en) * 1977-11-10 1980-09-09 The Scott & Fetzer Company Oil burner ignition and control package
US4403943A (en) * 1980-05-06 1983-09-13 R.B.L. Riello Bruciatori Legnago S.P.A. Flame surveying means in burner ignition
US4358813A (en) * 1980-11-20 1982-11-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Ignition apparatus for a burner
US4683518A (en) * 1986-11-17 1987-07-28 R. E. Phelon Company, Inc. Ignition for oil burner
US5638262A (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-06-10 Dell Usa L.P. Method and apparatus for providing isolated power sourced from bleeder current
US6142130A (en) * 1995-12-13 2000-11-07 Ward; Michael A. V. Low inductance high energy inductive ignition system
US6123062A (en) * 1996-04-29 2000-09-26 Alliedsignal Inc. Spark ignition system having a capacitive discharge system and a magnetic core-coil assembly
US6370043B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2002-04-09 Sony Corporation Switching power supply circuit formed as a composite resonance converter
US6590787B2 (en) * 2000-12-07 2003-07-08 Sony Corporation Wide range zero voltage switching resonance type converter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090191492A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Ann W. Kline Ignition sequence and electrode tip geometry for oil-fired furnace
CN112178687A (zh) * 2019-07-04 2021-01-05 黄智梵 新能源打火机等离子体空气射流点火技术

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1254632C (zh) 2006-05-03
WO2003052322A1 (en) 2003-06-26
AU2001298080A1 (en) 2003-06-30
KR20040074074A (ko) 2004-08-21
DE60126362D1 (de) 2007-03-15
DE60126362T2 (de) 2007-11-08
CN1592829A (zh) 2005-03-09
ATE352752T1 (de) 2007-02-15
EP1454096B1 (de) 2007-01-24
EP1454096A1 (de) 2004-09-08
KR100632766B1 (ko) 2006-10-12

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Owner name: DANFOSS A/S, DENMARK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PETERSEN, KEN;REEL/FRAME:015755/0692

Effective date: 20040323

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION