US20040157285A1 - Method of storing tetrazolium compound, stabilizer for use therein, and tetrazolium compound reagent solution stored by the method - Google Patents

Method of storing tetrazolium compound, stabilizer for use therein, and tetrazolium compound reagent solution stored by the method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040157285A1
US20040157285A1 US10/478,785 US47878503A US2004157285A1 US 20040157285 A1 US20040157285 A1 US 20040157285A1 US 47878503 A US47878503 A US 47878503A US 2004157285 A1 US2004157285 A1 US 2004157285A1
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tetrazolium compound
tetrazolium
sodium azide
group
compound
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US10/478,785
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Kaori Ishimaru
Satoshi Yonehara
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Arkray Inc
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Arkray Inc
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Assigned to ARKRAY, INC. reassignment ARKRAY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ISHIMARU, KAORI, YONEHARA, SATOSHI
Publication of US20040157285A1 publication Critical patent/US20040157285A1/en
Priority to US12/416,507 priority Critical patent/US8192996B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D257/04—Five-membered rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B63/00—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07B63/04—Use of additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for storing a tetrazolium compound stably, a stabilizer used in the method, and a tetrazolium compound reagent solution using the method.
  • Tetrazolium compounds generally are used as a redox dye (a color-developing substrate), a reducing agent, or the like. To this end, a liquid reagent prepared by dissolving a tetrazolium compound in water usually is used.
  • the present invention provides a method for storing a tetrazolium compound stably, including: storing the tetrazolium compound in the presence of sodium azide.
  • the tetrazolium compound can be stored in a stabilized condition where, for example, the spontaneous color development thereof is suppressed and the function thereof is maintained not only under acidic conditions but also under other pH conditions.
  • the tetrazolium compound may be stored in the form of a solution or in the dry state.
  • the tetrazolium compound may be stored, for example, by adding sodium azide to a solution containing the tetrazolium compound and then drying this mixture as it is.
  • filter paper or the like may be impregnated with this mixture and then dried.
  • the sodium azide generally is used as an antiseptic.
  • the sodium azide is not added to produce an antiseptic effect but to store the tetrazolium compound in a stabilized condition where the spontaneous color development thereof is suppressed and the function thereof is maintained. It is the inventors of the present invention who discovered that sodium azide can stabilize a tetrazolium compound.
  • the tetrazolium compound (A) and the sodium azide (B) are present at a ratio (molar ratio A:B) in a range from 1:0.02 to 1:6.2.
  • a concentration of the sodium azide is in a range from 0.08 to 3.2 mmol/L, more preferably 0.08 to 0.8 mmol/L. This is because the tetrazolium compound can be stored even more stably when the concentration of the sodium azide is in the above-described range.
  • the concentration of the sodium azide needs to be about 0.05 to 0.2 wt % (7.7 to 31 mol/L) in order to produce an antiseptic effect.
  • the sodium azide exhibits a particularly excellent effect of stabilizing the tetrazolium compound when the concentration thereof is in the range from 0.08 to 3.2 mmol/L. Within this range, the sodium azide exhibits substantially no antiseptic effect. That is, it is considered that the stabilization of the tetrazolium compound is not achieved by the antiseptic effect of the sodium azide, and it can be said that the antiseptic effect and the effect of stabilizing the tetrazolium compound are completely different from each other.
  • a concentration of the tetrazolium compound is in a range from 0.5 to 8 mmol/L.
  • the sodium azide is added to the solution so that its concentration falls within the range from 0.02 to 6.2 mmol/L per 1 mmol/L of the tetrazolium compound.
  • a pH of the solution is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range from 5.0 to 7.5, preferably 5.0 to 7.0, and more preferably 5.5 to 6.5.
  • the tetrazolium compound is 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt.
  • a stabilizer according to the present invention is a stabilizer for storing a tetrazolium compound stably, which includes sodium azide.
  • the reason for this is that the sodium azide can stabilize the tetrazolium compound as described above.
  • a tetrazolium compound reagent according to the present invention is a reagent solution including an aqueous solvent and a tetrazolium compound dissolved in the aqueous solvent, and sodium azide further is dissolved in the aqueous solvent.
  • a reagent solution including an aqueous solvent and a tetrazolium compound dissolved in the aqueous solvent, and sodium azide further is dissolved in the aqueous solvent.
  • spontaneous color development of the tetrazolium compound or loss of the function of the tetrazolium compound can be suppressed even if the reagent is in the form of a solution. Therefore, the necessity of preparing a reagent solution for each use is eliminated so that operations using a tetrazolium compound, such as various measurement reactions, can be carried out simply.
  • a dry reagent according to the present invention is a tetrazolium compound-containing reagent obtained by drying an aqueous solvent in which the tetrazolium compound and sodium azide are dissolved.
  • the aqueous solvent in which the tetrazolium compound and sodium azide are dissolved may be dried as it is.
  • filter paper or the like may be impregnated with the aqueous solvent and then dried.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in absorbance corresponding to an amount of glycated hemoglobin with time in a method for storing a tetrazolium compound stably according to one example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in absorbance corresponding to an amount of glycated hemoglobin with time in the same example as in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphs showing the change in absorbance in a method for storing a tetrazolium compound stably according to another example of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A shows the result with respect to a sample having a WST-3 concentration of 0.5 mmol/L and a sodium azide concentration of 0.05 g/L and FIG. 3B shows the result with respect to a sample having a WST-3 concentration of 2.0 mmol/L and a sodium azide concentration of 0.1 g/L.
  • the tetrazolium compound to be used in a method for storing a tetrazolium compound stably according to the present invention preferably contains ring substituents at least at two positions on its tetrazole ring, more preferably at three positions on its tetrazole ring, for example.
  • the tetrazolium compound contains ring substituents at least at two positions on its tetrazole ring as described above, it is preferable that the ring substituents are at the 2-position and 3-position on the tetrazole ring. Further, in the case where the tetrazolium compound contains ring substituents at three positions on its tetrazole ring, it is preferable that the ring substituents are at the 2-position, 3-position, and 5-position on the tetrazole ring.
  • the ring substituents of the tetrazolium compound have a benzene ring structure.
  • the ring substituents may have a resonance structure with S or O being contained in the ring skeleton, for example.
  • the ring substituents with such a resonance structure include a thienyl group, thiazoyl group, and the like.
  • the tetrazolium compound contains ring substituents at least at three positions on its tetrazole ring and at least two of the ring substituents have a benzene ring structure.
  • At least one ring substituent contains a functional group, and a larger number of functional groups are more preferable.
  • an electron-withdrawing functional group preferably is used.
  • a halogen group, ether group, ester group, carboxy group, acyl group, nitroso group, nitro group, hydroxy group, sulfo group, and the like can be used.
  • characteristic groups containing oxygen such as a hydroperoxy group, oxy group, epoxy group, epidioxy group, oxo group, and the like; and characteristic groups containing sulfur such as a mercapto group, alkylthio group, methylthiomethyl group, thioxo group, sulfino group, benzenesulfonyl group, phenylsulfonyl group, p-toluenesulfonyl group, p-tolylsulfonyl group, tosyl group, sulfamoyl group, isothiocyanate group, and the like also can be used, for example.
  • oxygen such as a hydroperoxy group, oxy group, epoxy group, epidioxy group, oxo group, and the like
  • characteristic groups containing sulfur such as a mercapto group, alkylthio group, methylthiomethyl group, thioxo group, sulfino group, benzen
  • a nitro group, sulfo group, halogen group, carboxy group, hydroxy group, methoxy group, ethoxy group are preferable.
  • unsaturated hydrocarbon groups such as a phenyl group (C 6 H 5 —), styryl group (C 6 H 5 CH ⁇ CH—), and the like also can be used, for example. It is to be noted that the functional groups may have been ionized by dissociation.
  • the tetrazolium compound contains benzene rings at the 2-position and 3-position on its tetrazole ring and at least one of the benzene rings contains at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a halogen group, carboxy group, nitro group, hydroxy group, sulfo group, methoxy group, and ethoxy group. It is to be noted here that both the benzene rings may contain the functional group. Further, the functional group may be contained at any positions (ortho-, meta-, para-) on the benzene ring. Furthermore, the number of the functional group is not specifically limited, and the benzene ring may have either the same or different functional groups.
  • Examples of the tetrazolium compound containing ring substituents having a benzene ring structure at the 2-position, 3-position, and 5-position on its tetrazole ring include:
  • the tetrazolium compound is not limited to those described above.
  • a tetrazolium compound containing ring substituents having a benzene ring structure at two positions and one ring substituent having a structure other than the benzene ring structure at one position on its tetrazole ring also may be used. Examples of such a tetrazolium compound include:
  • a tetrazolium compound containing ring substituents having a benzene ring structure at two positions and one substituent not having a ring structure at one position on its tetrazole ring also can be used.
  • examples of such a tetrazolium compound include:
  • the tetrazolium compounds containing three ring substituents are preferable as described above.
  • the tetrazolium compounds containing three ring substituents having a benzene ring structure and a large number of electron-withdrawing functional groups is more preferable, and 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt is most preferable.
  • the above-mentioned tetrazolium compounds may be a salt or may have been ionized, for example.
  • the storage of a tetrazolium compound according to the present invention may be carried out, for example, by dissolving a tetrazolium compound and sodium azide as a stabilizer in an aqueous solvent and storing the thus-obtained tetrazolium compound aqueous solution.
  • concentration of the tetrazolium compound in the aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range from 0.5 to 8 mmol/L as described above, due to the solubility in water of the tetrazolium compound or the like.
  • the concentration of the sodium azide is, for example, in the range from 0.08 to 3.2 mmol/L, more preferably 0.08 to 0.8 mmol/L, as described above.
  • the sodium azide preferably is added to the solution so that its concentration falls within the range from 0.02 to 6.2 mmol/L per 1 mmol/L of the tetrazolium compound, for example.
  • aqueous solvent water, various buffers, and the like can be used, for example.
  • a phosphate buffer Good's buffers (MES, MOPSO, MOPS, DIPSO, TES, POPSO, and HEPES), and the like can be used.
  • MES and MOPS are preferable, and MES is more preferable.
  • the pH of the buffer is, for example, in the range from 5.0 to 7.5, preferably 5.0 to 7.0, and more preferably 5.5 to 6.5.
  • the tetrazolium compound in the presence of sodium azide, can be stored stably without adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution so as to be acidic, as required conventionally.
  • the pH of the aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range from 5.0 to 7.5, preferably 5.0 to 7.0, and more preferably 5.5 to 6.5.
  • the storage temperature of the aqueous solution containing the tetrazolium compound and the sodium azide is not particularly limited, but preferably is in the range from 4° C. to 60° C.
  • the aqueous solution can be stored for, for example, at least 90 days while suppressing spontaneous color development of the tetrazolium compound and maintaining the function of the tetrazolium compound.
  • the tetrazolium compound stored in the above-described manner is useful as a liquid tetrazolium compound reagent because spontaneous color development of the tetrazolium compound is suppressed and the function of the tetrazolium compound is maintained as described above even if the tetrazolium compound is stored as a solution for a long time.
  • the application of the tetrazolium compound reagent is not particularly limited.
  • the tetrazolium compound reagent may be used as a color-developing substrate, a reducing agent, or the like as described above.
  • the tetrazolium compound may be used as a dry reagent.
  • Example 1 a tetrazolium compound was stored as an aqueous solution in the presence of sodium azide, and the change in color in the aqueous solution was examined.
  • a product named “WST-3” manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories, hereinafter the same was used.
  • Samples having the following compositions were prepared by adding sodium azide so that the samples contained the sodium azide at predetermined concentrations (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10, 0.20 g/L), respectively. These samples were stored at 4° C. for 8 days. After the storage, the absorbance of these samples at the wavelength of 450 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer (product name “Lambda 20”, manufactured by PerkinElmer, Inc., hereinafter the same). The results are shown in Table 1 below. The sample containing no sodium azide (0 g/L) was regarded as Comparative Example 1. (Composition of Samples) PIPES buffer (pH 7.5) 5 mmol/L Tetrazolium compound 0.5 mmol/L Sodium azide predetermined concentration
  • the WST-3 in the presence of the sodium azide, the WST-3 could be stored stably with the color development of the WST-3 being suppressed even though the WST-3 was stored as an aqueous solution. Besides, even though the pH of the samples was close to neutral and not acidic as required conventionally, the WST-3 could be stored sufficiently stably. Furthermore, it can be said from the results that the amount of the sodium azide to be added preferably is in the range from 0.01 to 0.2 g/L per 0.5 mmol/L of the WST-3.
  • a tetrazolium compound and a metalloproteinase were stored as an aqueous solution in the presence of sodium azide, and whether or not the aqueous solution was colored and whether or not the function of the tetrazolium compound was maintained were examined.
  • Enzyme reagents containing a tetrazolium compound were prepared so as to have the following compositions. These reagents were stored at predetermined temperatures (4° C. and 25° C.) and samples were taken from them at predetermined periods after the start of storage. With respect to the samples taken after the predetermined storage periods, whether or not the samples were colored was confirmed in the following manner. Further, measurement of glycated hemoglobin using each of these samples was carried out in the following manner. In Comparative Example 2, an enzyme reagent was prepared in the same manner as that in Examples 2 and 3 except that no sodium azide was added thereto, which was then stored and subjected to the confirmation of coloring and the measurement of glycated hemoglobin in the same manner as that in Examples 2 and 3.
  • Metalloproteinase As the metalloproteinase shown below, a product named “Metalloproteinase” (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used. (Composition of Tetrazolium Compound-Containing Enzyme Reagent) Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Com. Ex.
  • a tetrazolium compound is effective because it has a function of eliminating the influence of the reducing substance, such as hindrance to a reaction or color development error as described above, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the amount of the glycated hemoglobin is determined by degrading glycated hemoglobin with a protease; reacting a fructosyl amino acid oxidase (hereinafter, referred to as “FAOD”) with a glycated side chain group of an amino acid residue in the degradation product so that hydrogen peroxide is generated; causing a redox reaction between the hydrogen peroxide and a color-developing substrate; and then measuring the color development of the substrate.
  • FFAOD fructosyl amino acid oxidase
  • each measurement sample shown below was diluted 2-fold (by volume), and 25 ⁇ L of this diluted solution was mixed with 60 ⁇ L of each of the enzyme reagent samples taken after the storage for predetermined periods and 25 ⁇ L of a color-developing reagent shown below.
  • the obtained mixtures (110 ⁇ L) were allowed to react for 15 minutes at 37° C. Thereafter, the absorbance of the mixtures at the main wavelength of 751 nm and the sub-wavelength of 805 nm was measured using a biochemical automatic analysis apparatus (product name “JCA-BM 8”, manufactured by Japan Electron Optics Laboratory Co. Ltd.).
  • Table 3 and FIG. 1 show the result of the absorbance measurement in the case where the enzyme reagent samples containing the tetrazolium compound were stored at 4° C.
  • Table 4 and FIG. 2 show the result of the absorbance measurement in the case where the enzyme reagent samples containing the tetrazolium compound were stored at 25° C.
  • the measurement samples were prepared so as to have the following compositions.
  • the hemolysate sample shown below was prepared by freezing blood, storing it, and then melting it to hemolyze blood cells.
  • the tetrazolium compound exhibits higher stability at pH 6.5, which is close to neutral, than at pH 5.5. Furthermore, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, in Examples 2 and 3, an increase in absorbance was observed, and particularly high absorbance was maintained 10 to 26 days after the start of the storage. From this fact, it can be said that, when a tetrazolium compound is stored as a solution in the presence of sodium azide, the tetrazolium compound can be stabilized and besides, the sensitivity of the measurement can be improved.
  • Example 4 a tetrazolium compound was stored as an aqueous solution having a predetermined pH in the presence of sodium azide, and the change in absorbance of the aqueous solution was examined.
  • Samples (A1 to A3, B1 to B3) were prepared so as to have the following compositions and stored at 40° C. The absorbance of these samples at the wavelength of 450 nm was measured 3 days and 8 days after the start of storage using the above-described spectrophotometer. The change in absorbance in each sample over 5 days was determined.
  • Comparative Example 3 samples were prepared in the same manner as that in Example 4 except that no sodium azide was added thereto.
  • the thus-obtained samples (a1 to a3, b1 to b3) of Comparative Example 3 correspond to the samples (A1 to A3, B1 to B3) of Example 4, respectively.
  • the samples a1 to a3 and b1 to b3 were stored under the same conditions as those in Example 4, and the change in absorbance in each sample was determined.
  • the results are shown in Table 5 below and FIG. 3A and 3B.
  • FIG. 3A shows the result with respect to the samples A1 to A3 and a1 to a3
  • FIG. 3B shows the result with respect to the samples B1 to B3 and b1 to b3.
  • a tetrazolium compound can be stored stably not only under acidic conditions but also under other pH conditions. Therefore, when a liquid reagent containing a tetrazolium compound is needed, it is not necessary to prepare a reagent for each use. This allows the reagent to be produced at low cost and also simplifies the operation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
US10/478,785 2001-09-28 2002-09-25 Method of storing tetrazolium compound, stabilizer for use therein, and tetrazolium compound reagent solution stored by the method Abandoned US20040157285A1 (en)

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JP2001-302556 2001-09-28
PCT/JP2002/009889 WO2003029229A1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2002-09-25 Procede de stockage de compose tetrazolium, agent de stabilisation associe et solution de reactif a base de compose tetrazolium stocke au moyen de ce procede

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040209378A1 (en) * 2001-10-11 2004-10-21 Miki Horii Method for measurement using sodium azide
US10989714B2 (en) 2017-10-02 2021-04-27 Arkray, Inc. Measurement of glycoprotein

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US3703591A (en) * 1970-12-16 1972-11-21 Calbiochem Triglyceride hydrolysis and assay
US4061468A (en) * 1974-07-30 1977-12-06 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Stable test strips having a water-soluble paper layer and methods for making same
US4195126A (en) * 1977-10-04 1980-03-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama Albumin-dye complex for fatty acid determination
US4259440A (en) * 1979-05-21 1981-03-31 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Hydrolysis and assay of triglycerides
US4748115A (en) * 1986-01-08 1988-05-31 Abbott Laboratories Substrate formulation in 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol buffer for alkaline phosphatase assays
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JP3039594B2 (ja) * 1993-10-08 2000-05-08 株式会社日立製作所 染色試薬およびその使用方法
US6352835B1 (en) * 1998-11-17 2002-03-05 Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Co. Ltd. Method of measuring substance in sample using a redox reaction
CN1214246C (zh) * 2000-09-28 2005-08-10 爱科来株式会社 血红蛋白的测定方法和血红蛋白糖化率的测定方法

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US3703591A (en) * 1970-12-16 1972-11-21 Calbiochem Triglyceride hydrolysis and assay
US4061468A (en) * 1974-07-30 1977-12-06 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Stable test strips having a water-soluble paper layer and methods for making same
US4195126A (en) * 1977-10-04 1980-03-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama Albumin-dye complex for fatty acid determination
US4259440A (en) * 1979-05-21 1981-03-31 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Hydrolysis and assay of triglycerides
US4748115A (en) * 1986-01-08 1988-05-31 Abbott Laboratories Substrate formulation in 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol buffer for alkaline phosphatase assays
US5196314A (en) * 1986-04-04 1993-03-23 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Process and reagent for the determination of substrates or enzyme activities

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040209378A1 (en) * 2001-10-11 2004-10-21 Miki Horii Method for measurement using sodium azide
US7226790B2 (en) * 2001-10-11 2007-06-05 Arkray, Inc. Method for measurement using sodium azide
US10989714B2 (en) 2017-10-02 2021-04-27 Arkray, Inc. Measurement of glycoprotein

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EP1464643B1 (en) 2008-01-23
JP4336886B2 (ja) 2009-09-30
EP1464643A1 (en) 2004-10-06
ATE384705T1 (de) 2008-02-15
JPWO2003029229A1 (ja) 2005-01-13
DE60224839D1 (de) 2008-03-13
CN1553903A (zh) 2004-12-08
EP1464643A4 (en) 2005-04-20
DE60224839T2 (de) 2009-01-29
WO2003029229A1 (fr) 2003-04-10
CN1291980C (zh) 2006-12-27
US20090215026A1 (en) 2009-08-27
US8192996B2 (en) 2012-06-05

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