US10266058B2 - Vehicle charging interface unit, a system for charging a vehicle, and a vehicle - Google Patents

Vehicle charging interface unit, a system for charging a vehicle, and a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US10266058B2
US10266058B2 US15/688,999 US201715688999A US10266058B2 US 10266058 B2 US10266058 B2 US 10266058B2 US 201715688999 A US201715688999 A US 201715688999A US 10266058 B2 US10266058 B2 US 10266058B2
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charging
interface unit
connectors
charging interface
vehicle
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US20180086217A1 (en
Inventor
Bjorn Scherdin
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Volvo Car Corp
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Volvo Car Corp
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    • B60L11/1818—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60L11/1816—
    • B60L11/1825—
    • B60L11/1846—
    • B60L11/185—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
    • H01R13/447—Shutter or cover plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/64—Means for preventing incorrect coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R27/00—Coupling parts adapted for co-operation with two or more dissimilar counterparts
    • H02J7/0027—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/76—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a vehicle charging interface unit connecting a battery unit of a vehicle to a charging cable, the vehicle charging interface unit comprises two or more connectors for connecting the charging cable to the vehicle.
  • the disclosure further relates to a system for charging a vehicle and a vehicle comprising a charging interface unit.
  • Electric vehicles generally relate to vehicles that have batteries or battery units that store energy, where the batteries are designed to provide electrical power for propelling and accelerating the vehicle and also for providing power to electrical systems used in the vehicle.
  • the stored energy is consumed when the electric vehicle is used and the battery needs to be re-charged in order to replenish the level of stored energy through a connection to an external electric power supply.
  • Hybrid electric vehicles are using a combination of an internal combustion engine system and an electric propulsion system.
  • the internal combustion engine can be operated intermittently to provide power to the hybrid electric vehicle's driveline when needed depending on the driving conditions. In low speed driving situations the vehicle may be operated by only using the electric propulsion system and when more power is needed the internal combustion engine supplies additional power to the driveline, for example when driving at higher speeds.
  • hybrid electric vehicles have batteries or battery units that store energy, where the batteries are used for providing electrical power for propelling and accelerating the vehicle and for systems used in the vehicle.
  • a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle uses a system with re-chargeable batteries that can be restored into a full charge condition through a connection to an external electric power supply.
  • the onboard charger When re-charging batteries in electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles an on-board charging system is generally used.
  • the onboard charger often uses a rectifier circuit to transform alternating current (AC) from the external electric power supply, such as an electrical grid, to direct current (DC) suitable for re-charging the batteries.
  • the on-board charger may be connected to the electrical grid via a charging cable having a charging plug that is designed to match a corresponding charging socket arranged in the vehicle.
  • This setup with different direct current charging systems adds complexity to the construction of the battery units of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles if more than one system for direct current re-charging should be possible to use in the vehicle, since the vehicle has to be equipped with more than one type of charging interface connected to the battery unit.
  • the battery unit then has to be equipped with more than one set of components for the different charging interfaces, such as separate contactors and control units for each type of charging system to avoid that more than one direct current charging system is connected to the vehicle, and to avoid that a voltage is present on the non-used connectors when charging.
  • a vehicle is designed for re-charging with all three direct current charging systems mentioned above, the vehicle must be equipped with one CHAdeMO connecting unit, one CCS connecting unit and one Tesla Supercharger connecting unit, where each unit needs its separate components in the battery unit.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle charging interface unit, a system for charging a vehicle and a vehicle, where the previously mentioned problems are avoided.
  • the disclosure concerns a vehicle charging interface unit for connecting a battery unit of a vehicle to a charging cable, and also a system for charging a vehicle comprising a charging interface unit, a battery unit, a charging cable and a connection device.
  • the charging interface unit comprises a connection device that is establishing electric connection between the charging interface unit and the battery unit, and two or more connectors for connecting the charging cable to the charging interface unit.
  • the charging interface unit further comprises a mechanical blocking device, configured to allowing access to only one of the two or more connectors at the same time.
  • the size of the battery unit can be made smaller, since extra components in the battery unit adding unwanted volume and weight can be avoided.
  • the mechanical blocking device secures that only one charging cable can be connected to the vehicle at the same time when re-charging the batteries.
  • the mechanical blocking device further prevents access to the connectors by e.g. fingers and also ingress of solid foreign objects to the connectors.
  • the mechanical blocking device is preferably provided with a level of intrusion protection corresponding to an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard 60529 (relating to degrees of protection provided by an enclosure; commonly referred to as an International Protection code or “IP Code”) rating of IP 2x, where x is an integer value, and more preferably with an IP Code of IP 22 or higher, which indicates protection against insertion of fingers and damage from dripping water.
  • IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
  • IP Code International Protection code
  • each individual connector has a unique configuration being different from the configuration of the one or more other connectors.
  • the vehicle batteries can be re-charged with different external direct current charging system, where the configuration of the connectors may vary between different systems.
  • a first connector is of a CHAdeMO configuration
  • a second connector is of a CCS configuration
  • a third connector is of a Tesla Supercharger configuration.
  • the mechanical blocking device is constituted by a two or more doors slidably arranged in the charging interface unit, where the doors are configured to allowing access to only one of the two or more connectors.
  • the mechanical blocking device is constituted by a roll front door arranged in the charging interface unit, where the roll front door has an opening configured to allowing access to only one of the two or more connectors.
  • the mechanical blocking device is constituted by an endless-belt type door arranged in the charging interface unit, where door has an opening configured to allowing access to only one of the two or more connectors.
  • the disclosure further concerns a vehicle comprising a charging interface unit.
  • FIGS. 1 a - b show schematically, a system for charging a vehicle and a vehicle charging interface unit according to the disclosure
  • FIGS. 2 a - e show schematically in perspective views, a vehicle charging interface unit according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIGS. 3 a - b show schematically in a perspective view, a vehicle charging interface unit according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIGS. 4 a - b show schematically in a perspective view, a vehicle charging interface unit according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 a schematically shows a system for charging a vehicle 10 , such as an electric or a hybrid electric vehicle, where a vehicle charging interface unit 1 is connecting a battery unit 2 of the vehicle to a charging cable 3 .
  • the vehicle has a front axle 8 and a rear axle 9 and the vehicle is operated by means of an electric machine 11 .
  • the electric machine 11 is configured to drive the rear axle 9 .
  • the invention is not limited to this design only but can be applied to other types of configurations, wherein e.g. the electric machine 11 can be arranged to instead drive the front axle 8 or to drive both the front axle 8 and the rear axle 9 .
  • one or more electric machines 11 can be arranged to drive one or more individual wheels of the vehicle.
  • the electric machine 11 can be combined with an internal combustion engine to operate the vehicle with either electric drive or with the combustion engine, or a combination of both.
  • the system is designed for fast charging of the vehicle with direct current (DC) and there are different direct current charging systems that are used for efficient and fast charging of batteries in electric and hybrid electric vehicles.
  • Examples of such charging systems used today are CHAdeMO (Charge de Move), CCS (Combined Charging System) and Tesla Superchargers, where each system has its own unique type of charging plug and socket configuration, giving each system its own type of charging interface.
  • Other types of direct current charging systems may also be used.
  • the vehicle charging interface unit 1 comprises a connection device 4 establishing electric connection between the charging interface unit 1 and the battery unit 2 .
  • the charging interface unit 1 is equipped with two or more connectors 5 for connecting the charging cable 3 to the charging interface unit 1 .
  • the charging interface unit has three connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c .
  • the first connector 5 a is of the CHAdeMO type having a socket with a specific CHAdeMO configuration.
  • the second connector 5 b is of the CCS type having a socket with a specific CCS configuration and the third connector 5 c is of the Tesla Supercharger type with a specific Tesla Supercharger configuration.
  • the charging interface unit is designed with three different connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c , where each individual connector 5 a , 5 b , 5 c has a unique configuration different from the configuration of the two other connectors.
  • Charging cables 3 with charging plugs 7 having configurations corresponding to the different connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c may be connected to the charging interface unit 1 , so that e.g. a CCS charging plug is connected to the corresponding second connector 5 b with CCS configuration.
  • the disclosure is not limited to the specific use of three connectors 5 .
  • the charging interface unit 1 may be designed with two or more connectors, whatever is desired from a re-charging standpoint. One option would be to design the charging interface unit 1 with a suitable number of connectors 5 for a specific market.
  • the charging systems may vary from market to market and the construction allows the charging interface unit 1 to be exchanged to suit a specific market or specific markets where the vehicle is operated.
  • the charging interface unit 1 may be arranged at a suitable location within the vehicle so that the user of the vehicle easily could access the connectors 5 when re-charging the battery.
  • the charging interface unit 1 may be located in the front end of the vehicle, as shown in FIG. 1 a . However other locations are possible depending on the design of the vehicle.
  • the charging interface unit 1 may instead be located at the rear end of the vehicle or along the sides of the vehicle, whatever is most suitable from a vehicle construction and accessibility standpoint.
  • the charging interface unit may also be covered by a hinged door or similar construction so that the charging interface unit is not visible when not re-charging the vehicle.
  • the charging unit is preferably located close to the battery in order to minimize losses in the battery cables.
  • an external charging station 12 delivers direct current (DC) to the vehicle's batteries in the battery unit 2 via the charging cable 3 and the charging interface unit 1 for fast battery re-charging.
  • DC direct current
  • Dedicated external charging stations for fast battery re-charging operations may be located in different locations and provided with high-current connections to the electrical grid.
  • the first connector 5 a , the second connector 5 b and the third connector 5 c of the vehicle charging interface unit 1 are all connected in parallel and further connected to the connection device 4 , which is establishing electric connection between the charging interface unit 1 and the battery unit 2 .
  • the connection device 4 may be made of two high-current power distribution cables that are connecting the connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c to the battery unit 2 for efficient distribution of charging power to the vehicle.
  • the technology involved in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles is closely related to the development of chargeable batteries.
  • lithium-ion batteries are considered as a suitable battery technology for electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, where range, power, and recharging time are critical factors.
  • Other battery types may also be used.
  • the battery unit 2 is supplying electric energy to the electric machine 11 , meaning that the battery unit 2 consequently is a traction battery for the electric machine 11 .
  • the battery unit 2 comprises a plurality of battery cells 13 (not shown in detail in FIG. 1 a ), and according to known technology, the battery cells are connected in series in order to provide an output DC voltage with a desired voltage level suitable for driving the electric machine 11 .
  • the battery cells 13 may be of lithium-ion type, but other types of battery cells may also be used.
  • the battery unit 2 and the electric machine 11 may be connected to each other via a power control unit that is regulating the power output from the electric machine 11 .
  • the battery cells 13 can be re-charged via the fast charging direct current systems described above and the external charging station 12 , schematically shown in FIG. 1 a , delivers charging power to the vehicle.
  • the vehicle is connected to the external charging unit 12 with the charging cable 3 when there is a need to re-charge the battery cells 13 .
  • the battery unit further comprises a contactor 14 that can connect the charging current to the battery when charging or can disconnect the charging current when e.g. an error occurs or when the battery is fully charged.
  • the contactor 14 is controlled by a control unit 15 .
  • the control unit 15 secures that charging current is transferred to the battery cells 13 when the vehicle is connected to the external charging unit 12 .
  • This setup with different direct current charging connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c connected in parallel and arranged in a charging interface unit 1 makes the construction of the battery unit 2 of the vehicle less complex, since fewer components can be used in the design of the battery unit 2 . More than one system for direct current re-charging is thus possible to use in the vehicle, since the vehicle is equipped with more than one type of charging interface connected to the battery unit 2 .
  • the battery unit 2 may with this design be equipped with only one set of components for the different charging interfaces, since the connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c are connected in parallel in the charging interface unit 1 . Separate contactors for each type of charging system are not needed in the battery unit 2 .
  • the size of the battery units should be as small as possible and the need for extra components in the battery units adds unwanted volume and weight.
  • the design of the battery unit 2 as described above allows a compact and lightweight construction.
  • the charging interface unit 1 further comprises a mechanical blocking device 6 , configured to allowing access to only one of the connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c . Since the three connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c are connected in parallel, the user of the vehicle should only have the possibility to connect one charging cable 3 to the vehicle at the same time for a safe operation of the re-charging process.
  • the mechanical blocking device 6 the user of the vehicle is prevented from connecting the vehicle to more than one charging system at the same time. Further, through the mechanical blocking device 6 , the user cannot come into contact with the other connectors, which are connected in parallel and thus will carry the same charging voltage.
  • the mechanical blocking device will thus prevent access to the connectors by e.g. fingers and will also prevent ingress of solid foreign objects to the connectors.
  • Mechanical blocking device 6 is preferably provided with an intrusion protection corresponding to an IP Code of IP 2x and more preferably with an IP Code of IP 22 or higher.
  • the charging interface unit 1 comprises a frame structure 16 , in which the three connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c are located.
  • the frame structure 16 has a rear wall 17 , two side walls 18 and a front structure 19 .
  • Three doors 20 a , 20 b , 20 c are slidably integrated in the front structure 19 and the doors 20 a , 20 b , 20 c with their specific individual configurations constitute the mechanical blocking device 6 , as will be further described below.
  • the frame structure 16 may be made of a suitable material, such as for example plastic materials, composite materials, metals or a combination of different materials.
  • the doors 20 a , 20 b , 20 c are configured within the front structure 19 so that only one of the connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c can be accessed, in order to avoid that more than one direct current charging system is connected to the vehicle at the same time.
  • the first connector 5 a is located on the right hand side within the frame structure 16
  • the third connector 5 c on the left hand side
  • the second connector 5 b is located between the first connector 5 a and the third connector 5 c .
  • the charging interface unit 1 is in its closed state, where a first door 20 a is blocking the first connector 5 a , a second door 20 b is blocking the second connector 5 b and a third door 20 c is blocking the third connector 5 c .
  • a first door 20 a is blocking the first connector 5 a
  • a second door 20 b is blocking the second connector 5 b
  • a third door 20 c is blocking the third connector 5 c .
  • the connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c cannot be accessed.
  • the front structure 19 may in a known way be provided with a set of inner grooves 21 and a set of outer grooves 22 arranged in the respective lower and upper parts to which the doors 20 a , 20 b 20 c are slidably arranged, so that the doors 20 a , 20 b , 20 c may be opened through a sliding action giving access to the respective connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c .
  • the first door 20 a and the third door 20 c are both slidably arranged in the respective set of inner grooves 21 of the lower and upper parts of the front structure 19 and the second door 20 b is slidably arranged in the respective set of outer grooves 22 of the lower and upper parts of the front structure 19 .
  • the doors 20 a , 20 b , 20 c may be provided with knobs or small handles for an easy sliding action.
  • the second door 20 b is slid to the left in the outer grooves 22 of the front structure 19 giving access to the second connector 5 b .
  • the second connector 5 b is easily accessible when the second door 20 b is in the leftmost position.
  • the charging cable 3 with the charging plug 7 having corresponding configuration can now be connected to the second connector 5 b .
  • the charging plug 7 When the charging plug 7 is connected to the second connector 5 b , the charging plug 7 is preventing the sliding movements of the first door, 20 a , the second door 20 b and the third door 20 c , so that the first connector 5 a and the third connector 5 c cannot be accessed as long as the charging plug 7 is connected to the second connector 5 b .
  • the first connector 5 a is blocked by the first door 20 a and the third connector 5 c is blocked by both the second door 20 b and the third door 20 c .
  • the charging plug 7 is disconnected from the second connector 5 b and the second door 20 b can be slid into the closed state, as shown in FIG. 2 b.
  • the first door 20 a is slid to the left in the inner grooves 21 of the front structure 19 giving access to the first connector 5 a .
  • the first connector 5 a is easily accessible when the first door 20 a is slid to the left into a position giving full access to the first connector 5 a .
  • the charging cable 3 with the charging plug 7 having corresponding configuration can now be connected to the first connector 5 a .
  • the charging plug 7 is preventing a sliding action to the right of the first door 20 a and the second door 20 b .
  • the first door 20 a and the third door 20 c are both arranged in the same inner grooves 21 , the first door 20 a is blocking a sliding action to the right of the third door 20 c .
  • the second door 20 b may possibly be slid in the left direction but the first door 20 a is now blocking the second connector 20 b .
  • the second connector 20 b and the third connector 20 c cannot be accessed as long as the charging plug 7 is connected to the first connector 5 a .
  • the second connector 5 b is blocked by the first door 20 a and the third connector 5 c is blocked by the third door 20 c .
  • the third door 20 c is slid to the right in the inner grooves 21 of the front structure 19 giving access to the third connector 5 c .
  • the third connector 5 c is easily accessible when the third door 20 c is slid to the right into a position giving full access to the third connector 5 c .
  • the charging cable 3 with the charging plug 7 having corresponding configuration can now be connected to the third connector 5 c .
  • the charging plug 7 is preventing a sliding action to the left of the third door 20 a and the second door 20 b .
  • the third door 20 c is blocking a sliding action to the left of the first door 20 a .
  • the second door 20 b may possibly be slid in the right direction but the third door 20 c is now blocking the second connector 20 b .
  • the second connector 5 b is not positioned in the centre of the frame structure but is positioned more to the right within the frame structure 16 so that when the second door 20 b is slid to the right the second connector will still be blocked by the second door 20 b .
  • the second connector 20 b and the first connector 20 a cannot be accessed as long as the charging plug 7 is connected to the third connector 5 c .
  • the first connector 5 a is blocked by the first door 20 a .
  • the charging interface unit 1 may in the same way as described above instead be arranged with two, four or more than four doors. If for example two connectors are used, instead two doors will be arranged in the front structure 19 . There are many ways to configure different numbers of connectors and doors in the front structure 19 , and the number of grooves in the respective lower and upper part of the front structure may be varied.
  • the charging interface unit 1 may be constructed with a housing structure instead of a frame structure.
  • a housing structure may comprise a rear wall, side walls, an upper wall, a lower wall and a front structure.
  • the front structure may in the same way as described above be arranged with one or more grooves for two or more doors.
  • FIGS. 3 a and 3 b a second embodiment of the mechanical blocking device 6 is shown, where the charging interface unit 1 comprises a frame structure 16 , in which the three connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c are located.
  • the frame structure 16 has an upper wall 23 and a lower wall 24 . Further, the frame structure may comprise side walls and a rear wall if desired.
  • a well-known type of roll front door 25 constitutes the mechanical blocking device 6 .
  • the roll front door 25 may e.g. be arranged in a cut-out provided in the upper side of the lower wall 24 and in a corresponding cut-out provided in the lower side of the upper wall 23 or in grooves provided in the upper side of the lower wall 24 and in the lower side of the upper wall 23 .
  • the roll front door 25 is provided with a single opening 27 , which opening 27 is giving access to one of the connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 b , while preventing access to the other two connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c .
  • the roll front door 25 is slidably arranged in the frame structure 16 so that the roll front door 25 can provide access to the desired connector 5 a , 5 b , 5 c , simply by sliding the roll front door to the desired position.
  • the roll front door 25 may be manufactured from a flexible material that is allowing the roll front door 25 to easily be slidably arranged in the frame structure 16 .
  • the roll front door 25 may be constructed from a number of pieces of non-flexible material with flexible hinges between the pieces of non-flexible material.
  • the roll front door 25 may be made of a suitable material, such as for example plastic materials, composite materials, metals or a combination of different materials. By sliding the roll front door 25 into the desired position the user of the vehicle may choose the right connector type for re-charging the vehicle.
  • the charging interface unit 1 may also be arranged with two, four or more than four connectors.
  • a flexible sliding door 26 of the endless-belt type may constitute the mechanical blocking device 6 .
  • the sliding door 26 may be arranged in a continuous groove in the upper side of the lower wall 24 along the outer periphery and in a continuous groove in the lower side of the upper wall 23 along the outer periphery.
  • the flexible sliding door 26 may also be arranged around rotatable rollers which allow the opening 27 to easily be positioned in the desired position.
  • the door 26 is provided with a single opening 27 for easy access to the respective connectors 5 a , 5 b , 5 c .
  • the charging interface unit 1 may also be arranged with two, four or more than four connectors.
  • the mechanical blocking device may not necessarily be of the door type as described in the embodiments above. Other suitable constructions are also possible within the scope of the disclosure.
  • a mechanical construction with blocking spring actuated covers is also possible as mechanical blocking device.
  • One cover may be arranged at each connector, which cover is allowing or preventing access to the connector. If no charging plug is connected to the charging interface unit it is possible to connect a charging cable to any of the connectors.
  • the covers may for example be constructed so that they through spring action are pushed over the empty connectors when a charging plug is connected to one connector. When a charging plug is connected to one of the connectors, a lever mechanism or the like of that connector will through spring action actuate a cover locking mechanism of the other covers arranged at the other connectors. In this way it is not possible to connect another charging plug to the charging interface unit as long as the charging plug is connected, since the covers will prevent access to the connectors. The other covers are thus prevented from being opened as long as the charging plug is connected to the charging interface unit.
  • the covers may be arranged over each charging socket of the connectors or next to the charging socket so that the charging plug is activating the cover locking mechanism.
  • Another example of a mechanical blocking device could for example be to let the non-used connectors tilt away from the insertion position of the charging plug so that they cannot be reached.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
US15/688,999 2016-09-26 2017-08-29 Vehicle charging interface unit, a system for charging a vehicle, and a vehicle Active US10266058B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16190533.6A EP3299211B1 (fr) 2016-09-26 2016-09-26 Interface de chargement d'un véhicule, système de chargement d'un véhicule et véhicule
EP16190533 2016-09-26
EP16190533.6 2016-09-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20180086217A1 US20180086217A1 (en) 2018-03-29
US10266058B2 true US10266058B2 (en) 2019-04-23

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US15/688,999 Active US10266058B2 (en) 2016-09-26 2017-08-29 Vehicle charging interface unit, a system for charging a vehicle, and a vehicle

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US (1) US10266058B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3299211B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107867195B (fr)

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JP2021019413A (ja) * 2019-07-19 2021-02-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両の外装構造
CN111301201A (zh) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-19 蒙城县望槐信息科技有限责任公司 一种电动汽车充电用充电桩
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CN111775734A (zh) * 2020-07-13 2020-10-16 东风汽车股份有限公司 一种纯电动汽车用适配美标充电控制系统及其控制方法
CN111976527B (zh) * 2020-09-08 2021-04-16 温州丰宝客电子有限公司 一种具备防护功能的新能源用充电桩
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CN113103889A (zh) * 2021-05-17 2021-07-13 东风柳州汽车有限公司 一种汽车充电组件及汽车
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DE102021006063A1 (de) * 2021-12-09 2022-02-17 Daimler Ag Ladeanschlussvorrichtung für ein elektrisch antreibbares Fahrzeug
DE102021006077A1 (de) * 2021-12-09 2022-02-17 Daimler Ag Ladeanschlussvorrichtung für ein elektrisch antreibbares Fahrzeug
JP2024048130A (ja) * 2022-09-27 2024-04-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両
DE102022127903A1 (de) * 2022-10-21 2024-05-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Ladevorrichtung mit Adapter-Stecker-Magazin
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WO2023104673A1 (fr) * 2021-12-09 2023-06-15 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Dispositif de borne de charge pour un véhicule à propulsion électrique
WO2023104675A1 (fr) * 2021-12-09 2023-06-15 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Dispositif de connexion de charge pour véhicule à entraînement électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107867195A (zh) 2018-04-03
CN107867195B (zh) 2021-09-24
EP3299211B1 (fr) 2019-11-06
EP3627654A1 (fr) 2020-03-25
EP3627654B1 (fr) 2021-07-07
EP3299211A1 (fr) 2018-03-28
US20180086217A1 (en) 2018-03-29

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