UA75887C2 - Module for transportation of isolation plates - Google Patents

Abstract

In a transport unit (1) for rock wool products (2) arranged in a stack, the stack has on its principal surfaces receptacles (5) for handling by mechanical means of transport, such as fork-lift trucks, lifting equipment and the like.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a module for transporting products made of mineral wool, in particular, insulating plates made of mineral wool stacked in stacks.

Insulating plates of this type are used in significant quantities in the construction industry, in particular, for the insulation of roofs and facades. For the purpose of transportation and storage, such insulation boards made of mineral wool are stacked, where these insulation boards are usually superimposed on each other with their main surfaces. For strengthening, such stacks of insulating plates superimposed on each other are very often covered with a film, which provides both protection from weather conditions and protection from ice damage during transportation.

The problem of transportation and storage of insulating products made of mineral wool is basically that they are products with relatively large volumes and, accordingly, can have a relatively large weight. For example, insulating plates with a bulk density from 1Okg/m to 200kg/m? have planar dimensions of 20001200mm and thicknesses, for example, from 5mm to 200mm, and therefore when such plates are stacked, a transport module t of considerable size is formed, which, accordingly, requires a lot of space for its transportation and storage. Taking into account only the dimensions and weight, it is hardly possible to carry out manual loading work with transport modules of this type, on the contrary, it is necessary to switch to mechanical vehicles, such as forklifts with a fork gripper and the like.

Because, given that the Federal Republic of Germany alone requires significant amounts of insulation materials every year, the market for insulation materials is very intensively saturated with competing firms, which inevitably means a price pressure, which leads to the need to optimize transport modules in all aspects. This also means that the transport modules must be packed or designed so that they can be loaded without risk of damage using conventional means of transport, in particular forklift trucks. sch 29 Usually, for transportation and storage, such stacks of insulating boards are placed on wooden pallets, Ge) which, although they are easily grabbed by forklift trucks with a fork gripper, have the disadvantage that they are heavy from the point of view of returning the empty container and voluminous, as well as relatively expensive. For this reason, attempts are being made in the field of insulating materials to develop substitutes for these usual pallets, which would provide the possibility of their easier return and especially reuse. -

In this context, it is known (OE-A4218354) to create a module for transportation, where a stack of insulating boards stacked one (ee) on one is installed on support bars, which are made of a material that can be used for the purpose of insulation. In this case, the supporting bar and insulating plates are connected to each other by wrapping with a film, which forms a transport module. Thanks to the installation of the yuyu support bar with an offset under the stack, unoccupied zones or receiving elements are created for engagement by lifting devices of mechanical transport vehicles, for example, the teeth of forklift fork grippers. -

However, these transport modules carry the risk that due to damage to the film shell in the area of the support bar when gripped by mechanical vehicles, the film shell of the stack may inevitably be damaged entirely, as a result of which its strength, which is essential for transport and storage, "is exposed to danger, and therefore, especially during transportation, stack destruction is possible. This problem also arises in the case of the module for transportation according to document OE-O-29620646, where the stack is insulating. c slabs are supported by supporting bars, and the stack and supporting bars, as a whole, are packed in a film shell. :z» However, in the difficult conditions of overloading such large transport modules with the help of mechanical vehicles, damage to the film shell in the area of the support bar can very often occur, for example, due to cutting, tearing and the like, which does not necessarily immediately lead to -1 but damage to the film shell as a whole, but further tearing during transportation can cause its complete damage with the above-described harmful consequences. 1 Finally, a known solution (OE-A19842721) in which, in order to prevent the risk of damage to the shell as a whole, a transport module consisting of a stack of insulating plates superimposed on one another and in which the stack as a whole is wrapped with a film is proposed, however , without support bars. The latter are made of (ee) 50 material unsuitable for use as insulation. In this case, the support bars are glued to the bottom base surface of the stack. It was found necessary, especially in view of the need to obtain strong bundles, to connect individual insulation boards in a stack with an adhesive joint, however, this is associated with additional costs. As another drawback, it should be noted that hot-melt adhesive, which has always been used for this purpose, easily penetrates the surface of mineral wool insulation boards, as a result of which the properties of the insulation product can deteriorate, especially in the case of using an excess (F) amount of glue. In particular, this has an adverse effect in the case of those insulating boards, which are advanced due to the requirement of special fire resistance. The use of glue for connecting insulation boards is also disadvantageous from the point of view of production productivity.

The task of this invention is to offer such a module for the transportation of mineral wool products, in particular, insulation boards, which is best adapted for the possibility of being picked up by mechanical vehicles, while the main attention is also paid to the fact that, in view of the protection of the surrounding environment, there should be as little as possible waste In addition, it is necessary that the transportation module developed in this way withstands the hidden price pressure in the field of insulating materials, that is, it is relatively simple in design and inexpensive. b5 According to the invention, this goal is achieved with the help of the characteristic features found in the distinguishing part of clause 1 of the formula, while other expedient options are described by the features given in the subclauses of the formula.

According to the invention, on a stack of stacked insulation boards, which are preferably completely or partially wrapped with a sheath, receiving elements are provided for gripping by mechanical vehicles, at least on one of the main surfaces of the stack.

THESE receiving elements can be done in several ways. For example, in particular, for transportation in harsh conditions and in the case of bulky stacks, especially heavy stacks, it is advisable to form the receiving elements due to niches in the layered plate, which is placed under the stack as its support. Thanks to the 7/0 method of making the laminated board and thanks to the special arrangement of the fibers, which are actually perpendicular to its main surface, this board has a high compressive strength, which makes the laminated board support very convenient for the above-mentioned purpose. Since the laminated board is also made of mineral wool, and in particular, can be made of the same material as the insulating board, such a support is also suitable for use as an insulating material on site, i.e. on a construction site. In this case, there is no need to return the empty container. As a result of the compression-resistant construction of the laminated board, such a support, which can be designed in particular as a pallet, can also be used as a means of transport, suitable for repeated use, and can therefore be used many times. In this case, a special advantage is provided by the fact that the support made of laminated board can be folded into a roll, which again has advantages when returning the empty container. In this case, receiving elements inside a layered plate can be formed by using layered elements with different lengths of layers, as a result of which cavities are formed due to niches, which form receiving elements for vehicles.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the stack is packed with a wide strip of textile, which is preferably chosen to be resistant to stretching, for example, a wide strip of polyethylene textile, and in which receiving elements in the form of loops are made. The design can be made as a whole, that is, the loops can be formed from the same material as the wide strip of textile. Alternatively, however, they may also be i) mounted on top and welded, glued or otherwise attached to the textile wide strip. The loops that form the receiving elements for engaging mechanical vehicles can be stiffened to provide easy access when the fork teeth enter, without the need to specifically hold the loops open. Providing such rigidity can be done by inserting reinforcement nets, similar to reinforcement, etc., into the loop. co

In a further embodiment of the invention, the loops can be filled with bookmarks made of insulating material - mineral wool, and in the case of forming loops as a single part with a wide textile strip, cast frames can be used at the same time. These mineral wool insulation pads, which can be removed from the hinges, can be used on site as stack supports. This gives special advantages to the transport module, in which the hinges are formed or installed on the upper covering surface of the stack, since in this case there is also the possibility of supporting the stack on the platform on the tabs removed from the hinges, which are placed under the stack. If necessary, removable bookmarks can be covered with a binder or glue, which in turn are covered with a film that can be easily peeled off. It is also desirable that the tabs with which the loops are filled can have an adhesive coating that is subject to activation with a delay and is activated, in particular, when these tabs are to be used as stack supports.

And in the following embodiment of the invention, which is highly preferred and in which the support is made of и? of the same material as the insulating mineral wool of the stack, the support, preferably, is itself formed in the form of an insulating plate, which is advisable to surround with a plastic film in order to protect against the effects of weather conditions.

Since insulation boards for special applications have predetermined standard dimensions, where, -And for example, the insulation materials are of the same length with stepwise variable widths and thicknesses, the support is chosen, preferably, of the same standard as the insulation board, but with a smaller standard width, and therefore, when this insulating plate is installed in the center, niches are formed on the sides for mechanical transport

Go! means This version of the invention is particularly suitable for stacks on pallets intended for insulation of 5p flat roofs. In this case, the transport modules are lifted by lifting means to the roof, where the insulating plates are unpacked. As the support comes from the same range of sizes as the insulation board, this support can also be used on the roof for insulation purposes. In this case, the only pallet waste to be returned is the film sheath that wraps the support in the same way as and the insulating board, assuming that it itself cannot otherwise be used on the construction site.Thus, this transport module can be used entirely directly on the construction site.

Only the packing shell of the stacks should be returned, which is already done in any case.

F) In the next embodiment of the invention, the insulating plates, which come from the same series of standard sizes and which are used as supports, can also be placed near the edges of the stack, as a result of which, depending on the displacement, two side niches are formed in the direction of the outer edges and one central a niche between two supports, where these niches are intended for engagement by mechanical vehicles. In this case, it is advisable to provide a connection between the support and the lower surface of the stack with glue or a binder. This can be done with an adhesive that can be activated, and for this purpose, a layer of adhesive is applied to the film shell that surrounds the insulating plate of the support, which is covered with a film that can be easily peeled off. This ensures a strong connection between the support and the stack and at the same time prevents the influence of the adhesive on the insulating properties of the support, which after 65 Total can also be used for the purpose of insulation.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the supports are supporting elements formed from components that are inherent in the system, in particular, a film roll, where the film is, for example, a waterproof film that can be used for waterproofing. It is desirable that the supports are also formed from packing elements that contain other auxiliary components, such as nails, screws, etc., and which are tightly packed in such a way that the structure of the supporting elements is adequately resistant to compression when evaluating their properties as pile supports slabs Here, too, the advantage is that the transport module can be completely used on site, leading to a significant reduction in waste on the construction site.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the stack of the transport module is covered by corner profiles, which, being installed on the four lower corners, form supports and at the same time act as protection for the 7/o edges. These supports are reusable and can be used multiple times if necessary.

Mostly, they are made of plastic, so the process of making them is simple and they are easy to clean. For better retention, the corner profiles can be connected to each other cross-wise spacers. If the cross-shaped spacers are connected to each other in the center with the help of a hinge, the support device can be very easily folded according to the principle of scissors, and therefore, when returning an empty container, the volume of the cargo can be significantly reduced.

Typical embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the illustrations, where:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a stack of mineral wool insulation boards on a pallet made as a layered board;

Fig. 2 is a further embodiment of the invention, also a side view, where two loops are provided above a stack of mineral wool insulation boards;

Fig. 3 - a side view of a further version of the stack of insulating plates in two functional positions;

Fig. 4 is a side view of a further variant of the implementation of the invention with a support formed from a partial element of the insulating plates of the retained stack;

Fig. 5 - an embodiment of the invention, similar to that shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an embodiment of the invention, similar to that shown in Figures 4 and 5, in which the support placed under the stack is formed from components inherent in the system; with

Fig. 7 - a further variant of the transport module, in which a stack of insulating plates made of mineral wool is held by plastic corner elements; and

Fig. 8 is a perspective of a corner element, and all figures are presented in a purely schematic form.

In the transport module, shown in Fig. 1 and generally designated by position 1, a stack of stacked insulating plates 2 made of mineral wool is wrapped in a shell made of film Z and placed on a support 4, M, designed according to the principle of a pallet. The film packaging of the stack according to Fig. 1 wraps the stack of insulation boards 2 only on four sides, leaving two end surfaces free, the front of which is visible in this image. Of course, as an alternative, it is also possible to provide a film package that covers the end surfaces as well, or in which a heat-shrinkable film that covers the outer areas is only partially used.

The applied film is, in particular, a plastic film, for example, a shrink film, but it is expedient to

There is also film packaging, in which the ends are wrapped one on top of the other and connected by gluing, welding, etc. In this case, it is sometimes advisable to compress a stack of insulation boards, then wrap it with a film, as a result of which, after release, due to the elastic properties of pre-compressed insulation boards, the finished film shell is stretched. However, since this invention is not related to the types of shells as such, it is not necessary to discuss here the various possibilities for wrapping the stack with a film, for example, relating to "

Film color, etc. The purpose of the sheathing is to hold the insulation boards, stacked one on top of the other, for transportation and storage and to protect them from the effects of weather conditions, damage, etc. In addition, the modular shell of a stack of insulation boards also allows several such stacks to be stacked on top of each other, ;" to get the so-called big bale.

In the shown embodiment of the invention, the support 4 has a structure similar to a pallet and is made of layered blanks with different lengths of layers, as a result of which receiving elements 5 are formed, which can be used for engagement by mechanical vehicles, in particular, the teeth of the forks of forklift trucks.

For this purpose, in the given example, the support 4 is made of three layered elements b with the same layer length, between which layered elements 7 with a shorter layer length are inserted. This leads to the appearance of

Go! corresponding niches relative to the base space occupied by longer layered elements 6; with the help of niches, the boundaries of the cavities 5 for engagement by vehicles are determined. In the case of layered boards, due to the special linear arrangement of the fibers, they are structures "M relatively resistant to compression. If in the case of ordinary insulating boards, the fibers are actually stretched in the direction of the length of the two main surfaces, mainly due to the production process of insulating boards from mineral wool, then in laminated boards, which are known as such, the orientation of the fibers is in principle perpendicular to the two dO of both main surfaces, which leads to increased resistance to compression compared to insulating boards, in which the fibers are stretched parallel to the main surfaces. The manufacture of such laminated boards (F) is carried out by cutting of laminated blocks from ordinary insulating boards, which are then turned into 902 and glued to a flat support material, for example, aluminum foil, or glass cloth, or fabric of synthetic material, which forms a laminated board. In Fig. 1, the film is lamination marked with position 8 and consists of aluminum foil reinforced with fabric. This forms, so to speak, the upper support surface of the support 4, on which a stack of insulating plates 2 is laid and which at the same time serves as a barrier for moisture that can rise up.

Although the support 4, which is made of laminated plates b and 7, is a compression-resistant and pallet-like plate, it can easily be rolled up after use, which facilitates the return of the empty container. 65 Naturally, the pallet-like support plate shown in Fig. 1 can also be made with only two longer layered plates 6, which are placed on the edges and between which, thanks to the niches in the layered plate 7,

a cavity 5 is formed, which is used for the access of the forks of forklifts. However, stacking the additional layered plate 6 in the center creates a more stable structure that prevents the base plate 4 from sagging in the inner part. This is particularly useful in the case of tall stacks formed from a large number of stacked insulation boards and for stacks with a very large area of insulation boards.

In some cases, when the transport module is used in areas where bad weather conditions prevail, the pallet-like support 4 may be wrapped with a film, so even if the transport module is placed on wet ground or kept in the rain, the support 4, which is made to be suitable for reusable pallets, a correspondingly long service life is guaranteed. It is also possible to treat the support 4 70 with hydrophobic substances, making it waterproof, which can be done in the form of coating directly on the construction site.

In the embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 2, a stack of insulating plates 2 stacked on top of each other is usually covered with a wide strip of textile, which is applied either only on the periphery, or also covers the two open end surfaces. The wide strip of textile, indicated by position 9, for this typical embodiment /5 of the invention is chosen to be resistant to stretching and is made mainly of polyethylene, since in this variant of the invention the receiving elements 5 for vehicles are made as loops 10, placed above the stack, and therefore the forces, arising during the lifting of the pile, are transmitted to the textile wide strip 9 through the loops 10. The loops 10 can be elements that are made separately and are fixed on the upper covering surface of the fabric 9, for example, by welding or gluing, but it is advisable that the loops 10 are made as a single whole with 2o cloth wide band 9, and therefore of the same material. Manufacturing in the form of a single part can consist, for example, in the fact that when wrapping the stack with a fabric wide strip 9, in order to determine the shape of the loops 10, appropriate frames with the dimensions of the following niches 5 are installed. Later, these frames can be removed again, as a result of which loops 10 remain open on both sides for hooking the forks of forklifts. Thanks to the correspondingly rigid design of the hinges 10, it is guaranteed that they remain dimensionally stable, that is, they do not flatten in the area of the niches 5.

A modification of the variant of the invention from Fig. 2 is shown in Fig. 3, where two i) functional positions are reproduced in one drawing. To form a stack of plates, it is wrapped with a fabric wide strip 9, exactly the same as in the version according to Fig. 2, and loops 10 are again provided in the upper part. However, in this version of the invention, the loops 10 are filled with bookmarks 11 of insulating material - mineral wool, which form or M zo Can form, so to speak, frameworks for forming niches 5 in hinges 10. In this case, it is considered better when these bookmarks 11 are made of the same material as the insulating plates, and this gives the advantage that that the tabs can also be used on-site, i.e. at the construction site, for the purpose of insulation together with the specified application of stack insulation boards.

In the case when the stack needs to be picked up by a mechanical vehicle, for example, with a forklift truck with a fork gripper, it is only necessary to remove the insulating tabs 11 on the spot. In this case, the insulating tabs 11 can also be used as supports 4, which is clear from the functional position, shown in the lower part of Fig. 3, where the support is formed by tabs 11 of insulating material removed from the hinges 10. For the purpose of stability, glue 12 is applied between the upper side of the insulating tabs 11 and the lower side of the stack of plates. This adhesive connection, for example, can be prepared in advance by "

Application of a layer of glue on the insulating tabs 11, which are installed, so to speak, as frames inside the hinges 10, which is covered on the outside with a strip of film that can be peeled off easily. . In the variant of the invention according to Fig. 4, where the stack of insulating plates 2 is again wrapped with a wide strip of fabric a or film C, an element made of the same material as the insulating plates 2 packed in the transport module is used as a support 4, specifically in Fig. 4 it can be seen a suitable substrate with a width smaller than the length of the end face of the insulating plate 2. Due to this, the left and right under the stack are defined within their limits, or niches 5 are formed for engagement by mechanical vehicles. This variant of the invention has the advantage that the insulating element or insulating plate 13 of a smaller width, from which the support 4 is formed, can also be used in place for the purpose of insulation. In this variant of the invention according to Fig. 4 it may seem appropriate to wrap the support in a film 14 to make this support resistant to weather conditions. This gives advantages in view of the run moisture, which is often caused by rain and which can otherwise damage the support 4 made in accordance with the present invention. "M Fig. 5 shows a modified variant of the implementation of the invention. Here, too, the transport module 1 contains a stack of insulating plates 2 stacked on top of each other, which are surrounded by a film shell 3, and the support 4 is formed by two insulating plates 13, which again are advisable to have from a similar or of the same material as the insulation boards 2 in the stack. It is also preferred here that the supports 4 are elements for which, like the insulation boards 2, the standard dimensions of the stack are also maintained. For example, the insulation board stack 2 could

Ф) to be formed with a length and width of 2000120Ω, and the insulating plates 13 are made with standard ka dimensions of 6251200mm, as a result of which the insulating plates 13 can be installed so that, as supports, they are flush with the stack, and thanks to the reduced dimensions, determine also boundaries of desired niches 5 as receiving elements. In this case, in the embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 5, the receiving elements 5 are shown purely schematically, everything depends only on the location of the insulating plates 13 under the stack. Depending on the type of mechanical vehicles used, the insulating plates 13 can be more or less offset in relation to the outer lower edge of the stack, which (edge) is indicated by position 15.

In the typical version of the invention according to Fig. 5, it is also advisable that, in order to protect against weather conditions, insulating plates 13, which act as supports, should be wrapped in a film 14, and here, too, it is possible to provide a connection with a binder or glue, similarly to the typical version of the invention according to Fig.3. This is indicated by the same position 12. The advantage of the variant of the invention according to Fig. 5 is that the insulation boards 13, which have reduced dimensions of the same standard as the insulation boards in the stack, can be used for the purpose of insulation preferably directly on the construction site together with main insulating plates. It is only necessary to dispose of film 14, which is used in case of need for protection from weather conditions, because in view of the more difficult transport conditions at the base, this film must be thicker than film shell 3.

According to the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. b, a stack of insulating boards stacked on top of each other, wrapped with a film or similar material, is installed on two supports 4, which are placed under the stack and preferably attached with a binder so that they define the boundaries from the inside or outside corresponding 7/0 receiving elements 5 for mechanical engagement with lifting elements of vehicles. In the case of the variant of the invention according to Fig. 5, the supports 4 are formed from components that are inherent in the system and that can be expediently used on the construction site in combination with the insulating plates provided in the stack.

If, in the transport module shown in Fig. b, insulating plates are used, for example, to insulate roofs with a slope, then it is advisable for the support 4 to be formed from rolls of film, in which the plastic film /5 is wound on a solid core, for example, on a pipe , then in the future this film can be used as a film for roof insulation, as a covering film, etc. In this process, together with the transport module, auxiliary materials can be supplied to the roof, which in any case are necessary for laying the insulation boards, so the transport module contains together the insulation boards and the necessary wide strip of film in one package.

Depending on the specific application, the support 4 can be structured, for example, from sheets of waterproof film or packages containing nails, screws or nails and other auxiliary components necessary for insulation work or construction. The supports 4, depending on the type of auxiliary components, can occupy only part of the width of the stack, and therefore, for the possibility of access by vehicles from both sides, all 4 supports are placed under the stack. However, the supports 4 can also occupy the full width of the stack, and therefore it is advisable, as, in particular, in the previous embodiments of the invention, that they end virtually flush with the edges of the stack. with

In the embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 7, the supports are made in the form of corner elements 16, which are mainly made of plastic, and are therefore suitable for repeated use, and serve simultaneously as protection for the edges of the stack. Such corner elements 16 are useful primarily as edge protection elements and support elements. In the shown version of the invention, where Fig. 8 schematically also shows a perspective, the corner element 16 has two side surfaces and one base surface, and the base surface is equipped with protrusions 17, which can be made as protrusions similar to beans or as spikes . For a clearer understanding, the dashed diagram shows the angular area of the stack, which is held by the angular protective element 16. The attachment of the angular protective elements can be carried out with the help of a binder. However, it is also advisable that the corner elements 16 are connected to each other by a cross-shaped support. In this case, the downwardly protruding bumps 17 define the boundaries of the internal niche 5, which can also serve to engage with vehicles. Cha

Claims (8)

The formula of the invention " 1. A module for transporting insulation boards made of fibers, in particular insulation boards (2) made of mineral wool, stacked in a stack, which has on at least one of its main surfaces niches for handling by mechanical means of transport, such as a fork-lift truck: with" grabber, made with the possibility of lifting equipment and the like, in which the receiving elements are formed between support bars made of fiber insulating material, placed under the stack, which is characterized by the fact that the receiving elements are formed by the niches of a layered plate, which is used as a support. 2. The module according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the layered plate (6, 7) is made in the form of a pallet and actually has a width and length at least equal to the width and length of the stack, and that the receiving elements (5) are made as niches in layered plate (6, 7), which extend continuously in length. C. The module according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by the fact that the pallet-like layered plate is made of three (ee) protruding longitudinal elements (b), between which there are niches formed by longitudinal elements (7) from "M of the layered plate, which have a lower height than the protruding longitudinal elements. 4. Module according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the support bars are installed on at least one side with an adhesive coating (12). 5. A module for transporting insulating boards made of fibers, in particular insulating boards (2) made of mineral wool, stacked in a stack, which has on at least one of its main surfaces receiving (F) elements for gripping by mechanical means of transport, such as a truck with a fork-lift GI grab, made with the possibility of lifting equipment and the like, in which the receiving elements are made of fiber insulating material and placed under the stack, which is characterized by the fact that the receiving elements are formed by means of at least one support bar, which is made of the same material, which is the fiber insulation boards forming the stack and which is wrapped with a film around its main surfaces. 6. The module according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the support bar has a width smaller than the width of the plates forming the stack, and is placed centrally under the stack so that it separates the receiving elements from both sides for gripping by transport mechanical means. 65 7. The module according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the receiving elements are formed by means of two supporting bars having a width smaller than the width of the plates forming the stack and offset to a greater or lesser extent relative to the outer lower edge of the stack. 8. Module according to one of claims 5-7, characterized in that the support bars are installed on at least one side with an adhesive coating (12). s shchi 6) cha Zo so (ee) IS) and - - with . and? -I 1 (ee) ge» SHY what has) 60 b5