UA121044U - PLANTED BRIQUETTES OF SALT-PEAT MIXTURE OF INCREASED STRENGTH - Google Patents

Abstract

Seedling briquettes made from a mixture of straw and peat. They are made from available raw materials - cereal straw, crushed to a size of 10-15 mm and peat in a ratio of 1: 1 and pressed at 120-150 N / mm2 by pressing in appropriate molds to form holes that are filled with nutrient substrate before by sowing seeds in them.

Description

The useful model relates to agriculture and, in particular, to the production of shaped briquettes based on straw and peat for growing plant seedlings.

A well-known forming briquette for growing plants on the basis of straw (pat. on cor. mod.

of Ukraine Mo 65593, 2011), in which landing holes are made. Such briquettes can be used to grow plants of various crops by planting seeds or seedlings.

The disadvantage of this briquette is that it does not create optimal conditions for the development of the root system of plants, as air access to it is insufficient, and moreover, the briquette itself has low nutritional properties.

The closest in terms of purpose and technical essence is a molding briquette based on a straw-peat mixture (pat. on the cor. mod. of Ukraine Mo 86226, 2013, in which planting holes are made. Such briquettes can be used for growing plants of various crops by planting seeds or seedlings.

The disadvantage of this briquette is that it does not create optimal conditions for the development of the root system of plants, as this briquette has low nutritional properties, and even more so, the briquette itself has insufficient strength properties.

A useful model sets the task of improving the nutritional properties of the mixture from which the briquette is made, and increasing the strength properties of the briquette itself.

The task set by the useful model is solved by the fact that for the manufacture of briquettes, a mixture of crushed cereal straw up to a size of 10-15 mm and peat in a ratio of 1:1 is used and pressed under a pressure of 120-150 N/mm?. For the production of briquettes, available raw materials are used - straw of cereal crops and peat, which are ecologically clean raw materials and can be used as fertilizer. In this briquette, peat will perform the function of fertilizer, and straw of the specified fractional composition in the formed briquette will increase its strength, that is, perform the functions of the frame. The holes in which seeds are sown or seedlings are planted are filled with a nutrient substrate, depending on the type of plants.

Peat inclusions will perform the function of drainage through which air will penetrate when growing seedlings and moisture from the soil - when transplanting seedlings together with briquettes in

From the soil, as well as during the growth of plants, they will be used as fertilizer.

After planting the plants in the ground, their natural or artificial watering and development, the inside of the briquettes will be saturated with moisture and the outer shell will be moistened, which is accompanied by partial swelling of the straw inclusions of the briquette and full swelling of the peat inclusions and the same destruction of the strong outer shell, which formed during heating during the manufacture of briquettes. This will improve the conditions for the development of the root system of plants due to the significant content of peat in it as a fertilizer and the penetration of air and moisture to the roots during their further growth through the micropores formed in the briquette.

In addition, due to the increased strength of the briquettes, seedlings together with the briquettes can be planted in open ground without damage to the root system and the destruction of the briquettes themselves when they are mechanically filled with a substrate and mechanized planting. As the root system of plants develops, the straw-peat briquette will be a fertilizer for plants.

The production of briquettes is possible by the method of pressing with the formation of a hole for placing seeds or seedlings due to the manufacture of appropriate molds. Size, shape, depth, etc. are established depending on the crop of plants for the cultivation of which briquettes will be used, in accordance with agrotechnical recommendations for this crop.

The proposed briquette allows you to grow both the plants themselves and seedlings of vegetables, flowers, etc. crops, both in sheltered soil, and transplanting grown seedlings into open ground by manual and mechanized methods together with the briquette without destroying it due to the straw frame during planting.

Another advantage of using the proposed briquette is the partial protection of seeds and plant roots after planting from root pests, as the outer shell of the briquette will be strong enough and protect the root part of the plant or seed.

In addition, it is possible to use the proposed briquettes for growing seedlings by planting them in open ground together with briquettes without destroying the briquettes, which prevents damage to the root system and promotes better plant development in open ground.

The essence of the proposal is explained by graphic material.

The hole C of briquette 2 made of a straw-peat mixture is filled with a nutrient mixture 4 (Fig. 1), in which, for example, vegetable seeds 5 are sown. In the places of inclusions of peat 1 in the briquette, air penetration is ensured along the entire perimeter of the briquette to the substrate, and, accordingly, to the root system of seedlings. As the seeds germinate and are watered, the briquette loosens first of all in the places of peat inclusions (Fig. 2), the formation of pores in it and the use of peat by the root system of plants as fertilizer. At the same time, the strength of the briquettes will be preserved due to the straw frame. Air penetration to the plant's root system is ensured through these pores. When planting a seedling with a briquette in the open ground, further loosening of the briquette takes place, the flow of moisture through the formed pores from the soil and subsequent penetration of the root system of the plant 7 through the loosened wall of the briquette to the outside and gradual rotting of the briquette.

A useful model can be used in agriculture to grow seedlings of vegetables, gourds and flowers.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA Seedling briquettes, which are made from a mixture of straw and peat, which differ in that they are made from available raw materials - cereal straw, crushed to a size of 10-15 15 mm and peat in a ratio of 1:1 and compressed under pressure of 120-150 N/mm:? by pressing in appropriate molds with the formation of wells that are filled with a nutrient substrate before sowing seeds in them. She Uh Kont sn v sho p shi oo a Mo shin y Bosch u m sha ME - and - p - B o NI u kosh Fri Mon What Fig. 1 y x Zh KZ chn z I XE ; and 5 with KZ K still X x a in I STA shi t 7 pesht V: 7 1 - 7 odn t o o o o NN Ko o o sho o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Fig. 2