CN105123415A - Method for cultivating new variety by grafting birchleaf pear trees and prunus glandulosa - Google Patents
Method for cultivating new variety by grafting birchleaf pear trees and prunus glandulosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123415A CN105123415A CN201510568043.4A CN201510568043A CN105123415A CN 105123415 A CN105123415 A CN 105123415A CN 201510568043 A CN201510568043 A CN 201510568043A CN 105123415 A CN105123415 A CN 105123415A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating a new variety by grafting birchleaf pear trees and prunus glandulosa. The method includes the following steps: 1, variation branches are cut from local prunus glandulosa to which the birchleaf pear trees are grafted to serve as scions; 2, birchleaf pear seedlings cultured in the last year are selected as stock to carry out grafting, wherein the grafting method is budding or cut grafting or bark insertion grafting; 3, the new variety called as yikouxiang pear tree seedlings is obtained after the grafted seedlings survive, then the tree seedlings are transplanted, a layer of straw farmyard manure is put in each hole, and then the tree seedlings are planted in the holes; 4, soil generated by digging the holes is placed aside, filling is carried out through self-made nutrition soil till the holes are flush with the ground, and then the holes are covered with the soil dug out from the holes; 5, dwarfing trimming is carried out with a modern dwarfing trimming method, wherein slight trimming and branch thinning are carried out during trimming; 6, fertilizers are applied according to growing conditions, wherein the fertilizers are mainly organic fertilizers and farmyard manure; 7, pear rust and scabs are controlled in time. According to the method, as the variation branches are selected to carry out grafting, fruits get larger and sweeter, and the tops of the fruits get more fragrant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method of birchleaf pear and wheat pears engrafting and cultivating new varieties.
Background technology
Pear tree, be rose family pear, belong to perennial deciduous fruit tree, have distribute widely in the whole world, it has the advantages such as adaptability, resistance against diseases is strong, the life-span is long, is that China three one of cultivates apple trees greatly, also occupies very important status in the world.It is the mainstay industry that China's increasing peasant income are got rich that the operatic circle produces always, is also one of China's export main farm produce of earning foreign exchange.
Pear tree just can yield positive results after planting 4 years, and the cycle is longer, affects income.Utilize the bud grafting on the pear tree of quality better on the low pear tree branch of quality, can grow the branch of high-quality pear, except tying the pears of original quality on this pear tree, what new branch connect is high-quality pear.
Summary of the invention
It is simple that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method, is easy to the birchleaf pear of practical operation and the method for wheat pears engrafting and cultivating new varieties.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A method for birchleaf pear and wheat pears engrafting and cultivating new varieties, step is as follows:
(1) from the local wheat pear tree of Chinese bush cherry pear-tree grafting, clip variation branch is as scion, and because of local wheat pears part pear tree 5 years rear section the operatic circles that limb is tied of Chinese bush cherry pear-tree grafting, pears skin turns yellow, and fruit becomes large, sweetens, and fruit top becomes fragrant;
(2) select the birchleaf pear seedling be bred as a year to carry out grafting as stock, grafting method adopts bud grafting, cut-grafting or cortex grafting;
(3) new varieties a bite bergamot pear sapling will be obtained after grafting survival, again sapling is transplanted, sapling is transplanted according to 4 × 4 meters of seeding row spacings, first dig the hole that length and width are 80 × 60cm, hole is as the criterion with the sapling rhizome degree of depth deeply, in hole, drop into one deck stalk farmyard manure, thickness at 10-15cm, then sapling is planted into;
Above-mentioned stalk farmyard manure is made up of the component of following weight portion: farmyard manure 100 parts, 15 parts, surface dust, calcined loess 5 parts, 10 parts, cake fertilizer, agricultural residues powder 30 parts, saw foam 5 parts, EM bacterial classification 3 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, ooze 2 parts, 5 parts, urea, 10 parts, bean dregs, mountain spring water 20 parts; During preparation, said components is mixed, ferment 2 months, then raw material is stirred and dries, granulate; This farmyard manure needs for Growth of Pear Trees specially and is configured, and uses, can play fertilizer efficiency for a long time as base fertilizer;
(4) soil of digging a hole is put aside, banket with self-control Nutrition Soil, be filled to and flush in ground, having peace of mind of watering, then cover the soil dug out in hole;
Above-mentioned self-control Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following weight portion: humus soil 60 parts, calcined loess 30 parts, leaf mould 5 parts, 5 parts, mountain mud, 2 parts, the mud in dry cellar for storing things, 0.5 part, garlic end, 15 parts, sawdust, egg shell 1 part, chrysanthemum 1 part, clove leaf 1 part, crowndaisy chrysanthemum 2 parts, Os Sus domestica powder 0.5 part, peppermint 1 part, colza cake 2 parts and 2 parts, wheat bran are pulverized and formed after mixing; This Nutrition Soil not only can provide the nutrient needed for pear tree normal growth, can reach the effect of water conservation moisturizing simultaneously, reduces the generation of pear tree root disease and pest;
(5) carry out shortening trimming by modernization shortening trimming method, ensure the effect of flower and fruit thinning, want light pruning during pruning, sparse branching;
(6) according to growing state fertilising, fertilizer is based on fertilizer farmyard manure, and 2 ~ 4 caves are dug at 40 ~ 70% places during fertilising in pear tree crown mapping in the form of a ring, is mixed by organic farmyard manure 30-50 kilogram with backfill soil, and backfill covers, and applies fertilizer every year 2 ~ 4 times;
(7) disease such as rust of pear and scab is prevented and treated in time.
Wherein prevent and treat the medicament that rust of pear is selected to be made up of following parts by weight: nimbin 1.5 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 0.5 part, Banlangen 0.5 part, chitin 0.5 part, 80% powder of carbendazim 3 parts, pomegranate seed extract 0.5 part, neopelex 6 parts, ethanol 2 parts, cationic starch 2 parts, tristerin 1.5 parts, azone 5 parts, nanometer silicon carbide 15 parts; After the stirring of general method, mixing, wetting powder can be mixed with;
Wherein prevent and treat the medicament that scab is selected to be made up of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, Chinese weeping cypress leaf extract 1.5 parts, garlic leaf extract 2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 5 parts, ethanol 2 parts, phosphate buffer 1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, citric acid 0.5 part, phoxim 2 parts, industry glycerol 0.2 part; Employing said preparation is nontoxic, noresidue, can play bactericidal effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention carries out grafting by getting variation branch, and fruit becomes large, sweetens, and fruit top becomes fragrant, according to fruit growth situation, is named as " a bite bergamot pear " to this variation the operatic circle.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
Embodiment 1
A method for birchleaf pear and wheat pears engrafting and cultivating new varieties, step is as follows:
(1) from the local wheat pear tree of Chinese bush cherry pear-tree grafting, clip variation branch is as scion, and because of local wheat pears part pear tree 5 years rear section the operatic circles that limb is tied of Chinese bush cherry pear-tree grafting, pears skin turns yellow, and fruit becomes large, sweetens, and fruit top becomes fragrant;
(2) select the birchleaf pear seedling be bred as a year to carry out grafting as stock, grafting method adopts bud grafting, cut-grafting or cortex grafting;
(3) new varieties a bite bergamot pear sapling will be obtained after grafting survival, again sapling is transplanted, sapling is transplanted according to 4 × 4 meters of seeding row spacings, first dig the hole that length and width are 80 × 60cm, hole is as the criterion with the sapling rhizome degree of depth deeply, in hole, drop into one deck stalk farmyard manure, thickness at 10-15cm, then sapling is planted into;
Above-mentioned stalk farmyard manure is made up of the component of following weight portion: farmyard manure 100 parts, 15 parts, surface dust, calcined loess 5 parts, 10 parts, cake fertilizer, agricultural residues powder 30 parts, saw foam 5 parts, EM bacterial classification 3 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, ooze 2 parts, 5 parts, urea, 10 parts, bean dregs, mountain spring water 20 parts; During preparation, said components is mixed, ferment 2 months, then raw material is stirred and dries, granulate; This farmyard manure needs for Growth of Pear Trees specially and is configured, and uses, can play fertilizer efficiency for a long time as base fertilizer;
(4) soil of digging a hole is put aside, banket with self-control Nutrition Soil, be filled to and flush in ground, having peace of mind of watering, then cover the soil dug out in hole;
Above-mentioned self-control Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following weight portion: humus soil 60 parts, calcined loess 30 parts, leaf mould 5 parts, 5 parts, mountain mud, 2 parts, the mud in dry cellar for storing things, 0.5 part, garlic end, 15 parts, sawdust, egg shell 1 part, chrysanthemum 1 part, clove leaf 1 part, crowndaisy chrysanthemum 2 parts, Os Sus domestica powder 0.5 part, peppermint 1 part, colza cake 2 parts and 2 parts, wheat bran are pulverized and formed after mixing; This Nutrition Soil not only can provide the nutrient needed for pear tree normal growth, can reach the effect of water conservation moisturizing simultaneously, reduces the generation of pear tree root disease and pest;
(5) carry out shortening trimming by modernization shortening trimming method, ensure the effect of flower and fruit thinning, want light pruning during pruning, sparse branching;
(6) according to growing state fertilising, fertilizer is based on fertilizer farmyard manure, and 2 ~ 4 caves are dug at 40 ~ 70% places during fertilising in pear tree crown mapping in the form of a ring, is mixed by organic farmyard manure 30-50 kilogram with backfill soil, and backfill covers, and applies fertilizer every year 2 ~ 4 times;
(7) disease such as rust of pear and scab is prevented and treated in time.
Wherein prevent and treat the medicament that rust of pear is selected to be made up of following parts by weight: nimbin 1.5 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 0.5 part, Banlangen 0.5 part, chitin 0.5 part, 80% powder of carbendazim 3 parts, pomegranate seed extract 0.5 part, neopelex 6 parts, ethanol 2 parts, cationic starch 2 parts, tristerin 1.5 parts, azone 5 parts, nanometer silicon carbide 15 parts; After the stirring of general method, mixing, wetting powder can be mixed with; Prevent and treat by common prevention and controls.
Wherein prevent and treat the medicament that scab is selected to be made up of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, Chinese weeping cypress leaf extract 1.5 parts, garlic leaf extract 2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 5 parts, ethanol 2 parts, phosphate buffer 1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, citric acid 0.5 part, phoxim 2 parts, industry glycerol 0.2 part; Employing said preparation is nontoxic, noresidue, can play bactericidal effect.Prevent and treat by common prevention and controls.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a method for birchleaf pear and wheat pears engrafting and cultivating new varieties, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1) branch is made a variation as scion from clip the local wheat pear tree of Chinese bush cherry pear-tree grafting;
(2) select the birchleaf pear seedling be bred as a year to carry out grafting as stock, grafting method adopts bud grafting, cut-grafting or cortex grafting;
(3) new varieties a bite bergamot pear sapling will be obtained after grafting survival, again sapling is transplanted, sapling is transplanted according to 4 × 4 meters of seeding row spacings, first dig the hole that length and width are 80 × 60cm, hole is as the criterion with the sapling rhizome degree of depth deeply, in hole, drop into one deck stalk farmyard manure, thickness at 10-15cm, then sapling is planted into;
(4) soil of digging a hole is put aside, banket with self-control Nutrition Soil, be filled to and flush in ground, having peace of mind of watering, then cover the soil dug out in hole;
(5) carry out shortening trimming by modernization shortening trimming method, ensure the effect of flower and fruit thinning, want light pruning during pruning, sparse branching;
(6) according to growing state fertilising, fertilizer is based on fertilizer farmyard manure, and 2 ~ 4 caves are dug at 40 ~ 70% places during fertilising in pear tree crown mapping in the form of a ring, is mixed by organic farmyard manure 30-50 kilogram with backfill soil, and backfill covers, and applies fertilizer every year 2 ~ 4 times;
(7) rust of pear and scab is prevented and treated in time;
Wherein prevent and treat the medicament that rust of pear is selected to be made up of following parts by weight: nimbin 1.5 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 0.5 part, Banlangen 0.5 part, chitin 0.5 part, 80% powder of carbendazim 3 parts, pomegranate seed extract 0.5 part, neopelex 6 parts, ethanol 2 parts, cationic starch 2 parts, tristerin 1.5 parts, azone 5 parts, nanometer silicon carbide 15 parts; After the stirring of general method, mixing, wetting powder can be mixed with;
Wherein prevent and treat the medicament that scab is selected to be made up of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, Chinese weeping cypress leaf extract 1.5 parts, garlic leaf extract 2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 5 parts, ethanol 2 parts, phosphate buffer 1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, citric acid 0.5 part, phoxim 2 parts, industry glycerol 0.2 part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510568043.4A CN105123415A (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Method for cultivating new variety by grafting birchleaf pear trees and prunus glandulosa |
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| CN201510568043.4A CN105123415A (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Method for cultivating new variety by grafting birchleaf pear trees and prunus glandulosa |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105941071A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-21 | 姚亦登 | Culture and breeding methods for apple tree of new species |
| CN114631436A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 四川小柳树农业开发有限公司 | Grafting planting method for flower pears |
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2015
- 2015-09-08 CN CN201510568043.4A patent/CN105123415A/en active Pending
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| CN104012358A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Seedling growing method for Chinese pear fruit trees and special seedling growing pond thereof |
| CN104067861A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Method for grafting Hypericum monogynum tree branch onto birchleaf pear tree |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105941071A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-21 | 姚亦登 | Culture and breeding methods for apple tree of new species |
| CN105941071B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-10-12 | 姚亦登 | A kind of cultivation of new varieties apple tree and mating system |
| CN114631436A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 四川小柳树农业开发有限公司 | Grafting planting method for flower pears |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |