TWI813658B - 散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物及使用其之印刷配線板 - Google Patents
散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物及使用其之印刷配線板 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI813658B TWI813658B TW108111133A TW108111133A TWI813658B TW I813658 B TWI813658 B TW I813658B TW 108111133 A TW108111133 A TW 108111133A TW 108111133 A TW108111133 A TW 108111133A TW I813658 B TWI813658 B TW I813658B
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- dissipating
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- insulating resin
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Abstract
本發明係提供不會導致沉降或凝聚,散熱性微粒子可高填充或可最密填充,且保存安定性或印刷性優異之硬化物之導熱性(散熱性)優異的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其係含有(A)散熱性無機粒子、(B)硬化性樹脂組成物而成之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其特徵係(A)散熱性無機粒子至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽,且相對於散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物全容量,(A)散熱性無機粒子之體積佔有率為60容量%以上。
Description
本發明係有關散熱性優異之絕緣性樹脂組成物、及使用其之印刷配線板,更詳細而言,本發明係有關具有可用於封裝基板或表面安裝型發光二極體等所使用之樹脂絕緣層的散熱性,保存安定性也優異的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物、及使用其之印刷配線板。
近年,電子機器隨著小型化、高性能化之要求,所搭載之半導體晶片進行高密度化、高機能化,安裝半導體晶片之印刷配線板也被要求小型高密度化。結果,最近,半導體晶片、印刷配線板中之發熱對策受重視,散熱特性(散熱性)成為大的課題。
對此,作為散熱性佳的印刷配線板,提案使用銅或鋁等的金屬板,在此金屬板之單面或兩面,經由預浸體或熱硬化性樹脂組成物等的電絕緣層,形成電路圖型的金屬基礎基板(例如參照專利文獻1)。
但是此金屬基礎基板,因電絕緣層之導熱性低,故需要將絕緣層變薄,結果產生電絕緣層之絕緣耐力降低等的問題。
而高密度的半導體封裝,表面安裝成為主流,最近有使用封裝基板之BGA(球柵陣列)或CSP(晶片尺寸封裝)等出現。這種封裝基板所使用之阻焊劑組成物(例如參照專利文獻2)或層間絕緣材料係以低分子量之環氧化合物為基礎,填充材使用電絕緣性或耐藥品性優異二氧化矽或沉降性硫酸鋇,故無法得到充分的散熱性。又,雖也檢討被期待散熱性、電絕緣性、耐藥品性之氧化鋁作為填充材使用,因氧化鋁之沉降激烈,沉降的氧化鋁產生堅固凝聚,故在保存安定性方面為缺乏實用性者。
對此,也考慮在半導體封裝之上部加上散熱器的方法,但是放出之熱之約50%會蓄積在封裝基板,故仍然有封裝基板之散熱性的問題。
又,多數之表面安裝型發光二極體用於面板之背光之最近的智慧型手機或顯示器等,有由發光二極體晶片所發散之熱的大部分蓄積於安裝(mounting)基材的問題。具體而言,例如在形成有端子部之樹脂絕緣層上配置發光二極體晶片,其上部以兼具透鏡層之封裝樹脂被覆的表面安裝型發光二極體中,前述樹脂絕緣層之散熱性成為問題。
先前技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本特開平6-224561號公報
專利文獻2:日本特開平11-288091號公報
發明所欲解決之課題
本發明有鑑於上述問題點而完成者,其主要目的係提供不會導致沉降或凝聚,散熱性微粒子可高填充或可最密填充,且保存安定性或印刷性優異之硬化物之導熱性(散熱性)優異的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物。
此外,藉由將上述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物使熱硬化及/或光硬化所得之硬化物,提供形成有絕緣層及/或阻焊劑層而成之印刷配線板。
用以解決課題之手段
本發明人為了實現前述目的,而著眼於不僅為高硬度者,且具有高導熱性,高溫耐熱性也優異的碳化矽粒子,進行精心研究。結果,α型與β型之結晶型的碳化矽粒子之中,β型之碳化矽粒子為比較微粒子,不會沉降,可高填充化或最密填充,依據使用此之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物時,發現可提供保存安定性或印刷性優異,導熱性優異的硬化物,而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其係含有(A)散熱性無機粒子、(B)硬化性樹脂組成物而成之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其特徵為前述(A)散熱性無機粒子至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子,且相對於前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物全容量,前述(A)散熱性無機粒子之體積佔有率為60容量%以上。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(B)硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物較佳。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物含有環氧化合物及/或氧環丁烷化合物;及硬化劑及/或硬化觸媒較佳。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(B)硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物較佳。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物含有一分子中具有1個以上之乙烯性不飽和鍵的化合物;及光聚合起始劑較佳。
本發明之印刷配線板,其特徵係藉由將前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物進行熱硬化及/或光硬化所得之硬化物,形成絕緣層及/或阻焊劑層而成。
發明效果
依據調配有作為散熱性無機粒子之至少β-碳化矽粒子的本發明的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物時,可提供不會導致沉降或凝聚,散熱性無機粒子可高填充或最密填充,且保存安定性或印刷性優異之硬化物之導熱性(散熱性)優異的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物。這種硬化物之導熱性(散熱性)優異,且保存安定性優異的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,可適合使用於搭載有發熱量多之半導體晶片或發光二極體之封裝基板或樹脂絕緣層,又,因導熱性優異,故也可封裝小型化。
實施發明之形態
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其特徵係含有(A)散熱性無機粒子、(B)硬化性樹脂組成物而成之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其特徵為前述(A)散熱性無機粒子為至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子,且相對於前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物全容量,前述(A)散熱性無機粒子之體積佔有率為60容量%以上。
以下詳細說明本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之各構成成分。
本發明之(A)散熱性無機粒子,至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子。但是(A-1)β-碳化矽中,在不影響的範圍內,α-碳化矽也可以雜質形態混合。
碳化矽有具有閃鋅礦(sphalerite)型構造(以3C表示)之(A-1)β-碳化矽,及與閃鋅礦型同形質之纖鋅礦型之構造之組合表示的α-碳化矽。α-碳化矽係工業上以Acheson法製造,通常,粒徑粗,較細者,平均粒徑也約5μm,經粉碎後販售。另外,藉由相同之Acheson法在低溫域合成之(A-1)β-碳化矽係以比較微粒來製造。
如此,以粉碎粉販售之α-碳化矽係因破碎形狀具有銳利邊緣的不定形,故對組成物中之高填充或最密填充困難,在該狀態下,無法作為散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物用之散熱性無機粒子使用。
對此,以比較微粒所製造之β-碳化矽為帶圓形之形狀,在組成物中可高填充或最密填充,以此作為散熱性無機粒子使用之本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,此散熱無機粒子不易產生沉降,不會使印刷性,可提高熱導率。
(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之市售品,可列舉β-SiC 800(Superior Graphite公司製、平均粒徑7.8μm)、β-SiC 1200 (Superior Graphite公司製、平均粒徑6.0μm)、β-SiC1500 (Superior Graphite公司製、平均粒徑1.3μm)、β-SiC 2500 (Superior Graphite公司製、平均粒徑0.6μm)等。
(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子較佳為略球狀,未粉碎的狀態,具有略球狀,故不粉碎使用較佳。
本發明中,可與(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子併用使用的散熱性無機粒子,可列舉放射遠紅外線之陶瓷粒子(也稱為遠紅外線陶瓷粒子)。例如有氧化鋁(Al2
O3
)、二氧化矽(SiO2
)、二氧化鋯(ZrO2
)、氧化鈦(TiO2
)、氧化鎂(MgO)、模來石(Mullite)(3Al2
O3
・2SiO2
)、鋯(特別是ZrO2
・SiO2
)、堇青石(cordierite)(2MgO・2Al2
O3
・5SiO2
)、氮化矽(Si3
N4
)、氧化錳(MnO2
)、氧化鐵(Fe2
O3
)、氧化鈷(CoO)等。
又,本說明書中,遠紅外線係表示一般概念之波長4~1000μm的電磁波。又,放射遠紅外線之陶瓷粒子,例如日本特開2003-136618號公報所記載,相對於理想黑體(black-body),較佳為具有80%以上之高遠紅外線放射率的陶瓷粒子。
此等之中,氧化鋁為化學性安定,絕緣性也優異,故較佳。特別是藉由使用球狀氧化鋁,可緩和高填充時之黏度上昇。氧化鋁粒子之市售品,可列舉DAW-05 (電氣化學工業(股)製、平均粒徑5μm)、DAW-07(電氣化學工業(股)製、平均粒徑8μm)、DAW-10(電氣化學工業(股)製、平均粒徑10μm)、AS-40(昭和電工(股)製、平均粒徑12μm)、AS-50(昭和電工(股)製、平均粒徑9μm)、ASFP-20 (昭和電工(股)製、平均粒徑0.3μm)等。
(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之(A)散熱性無機粒子中之含有比率為10容量%以上,效果明確,較佳為20容量%以上。又,包含(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之散熱無機粒子,紫外線不會通過,故與(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物或(B-3)光硬化性熱硬化性樹脂組成物一同使用時,未達60容量%較佳。
至少包含(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之本發明之(A)散熱性無機粒子,其平均粒徑為0.01~30μm較佳,更佳為0.01~20μm。平均粒徑為0.01μm以上時,組成物之黏度不會變得過高,分散容易,塗佈於被塗佈物也變得容易。而平均粒徑為30μm以下時,不易產生自塗膜突出(protrude),及沉降速度變得非常慢,故可改善保存安定性。
又,本發明之(A)散熱性無機粒子,藉由調配具有成為最密填充之粒度分布之2種類以上之平均粒徑者,可進一步高填充,在保存安定性、熱導率之兩方面,較佳。
在此,本說明書中,(A)散熱性無機粒子之平均粒徑,不僅一次粒子之粒徑,也包含二次粒子(凝聚物)之粒徑之平均粒徑(D50),藉由雷射繞射法所測量之D50之值。藉由雷射繞射法之測量裝置,可列舉日機裝公司製之MicrotracMT3300EXII。
又,本發明之(A)散熱性無機粒子,以矽烷偶合劑等之偶合劑進行表面處理,在提高硬化物之低吸水性、耐熱衝撃性及耐龜裂性的觀點,較佳。此偶合劑,可使用矽烷系、鈦酸酯系、鋁酸鹽系及鋁鋯(zircoaluminate)系等之偶合劑。其中,較佳為矽烷系偶合劑。此矽烷系偶合劑,可列舉例如乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、N-(2-胺基甲基)-3-胺基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、N-(2-胺基乙基)-3-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-苯胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-環氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-環氧丙氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、2-(3,4-環氧基環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等,此等可單獨使用或併用使用。
此等之偶合劑係分別調配表面未處理之(A)散熱性無機粒子與偶合劑,在組成物中,(A)散熱性無機粒子可經表面處理,但是預先在(A)散熱性無機粒子之表面,藉由使偶合劑吸附或反應,進行固定化為佳。此時,表面處理所使用的偶合劑量及表面處理方法,無特別限制。
包含(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之本發明之(A)散熱性無機粒子之調配量係相對於散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物之全容量,為60容量%以上。(A)散熱性無機粒子之調配量,相對於硬化物之全容量為60容量%以上時,可得到作為散熱材料之充分的熱導率。
本發明所使用之(B)硬化性樹脂組成物,可為(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物、或(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物,也可為此等之混合物。
(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物,可列舉藉由加熱、硬化顯示電絕緣性的組成物,例如環氧樹脂系組成物、氧環丁烷樹脂系組成物、三聚氰胺樹脂系組成物、聚矽氧樹脂系組成物等,特別是本發明中,可較適合使用含有環氧化合物及/或氧環丁烷化合物與、硬化劑及/或硬化觸媒的熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
上述環氧化合物,只要是一分子中具有1個以上,較佳為具有2個以上之環氧基的化合物時,可使用公知慣用者。可列舉例如,雙酚A型環氧樹脂、雙酚S型環氧樹脂、雙酚F型環氧樹脂、苯酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂、甲酚酚醛清漆環氧樹脂、脂環式環氧樹脂、三羥甲基丙烷聚縮水甘油醚、苯基-1,3-二縮水甘油醚、聯苯基-4,4’-二縮水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二縮水甘油醚、乙二醇或丙二醇之二縮水甘油醚、山梨醣醇聚縮水甘油醚、三(2,3-環氧基丙基)異氰脲酸酯、三縮水甘油基三(2-羥基乙基)異氰脲酸酯等之1分子中具有2個以上之環氧基的化合物等。此外,在不會使硬化塗膜特性降低的範圍內,也可添加丁基縮水甘油醚、苯基縮水甘油醚、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯等之單環氧化合物。又,此等配合提高塗膜特性之要求,可單獨使用或組合2種以上使用。
又,前述氧環丁烷化合物係如下述通式(I),
(式中,R1
表示氫原子或碳數1~6之烷基)。
含有氧環丁烷環的化合物,具體的化合物,可列舉3-乙基-3-羥基甲基氧環丁烷(東亞合成(股)製之商品名OXT-101)、3-乙基-3-(苯氧基甲基)氧環丁烷(東亞合成(股)製之商品名OXT-211)、3-乙基-3-(2-乙基己氧基甲基)氧環丁烷(東亞合成公司製之商品名OXT-212)、1,4-雙{[(3-乙基-3-氧環丁基)甲氧基]甲基}苯(東亞合成公司製之商品名OXT-121)、雙(3-乙基-3-氧環丁基甲基)醚(東亞合成公司製之商品名OXT-221)等。進一步可列舉苯酚酚醛清漆型之氧環丁烷化合物等。
上述氧環丁烷化合物可與前述環氧化合物併用或單獨使用,但是相較於環氧化合物,反應性較差,故需要注意提高硬化之溫度等。
其次,作為硬化劑使用者,可列舉多官能苯酚化合物、聚羧酸及其酸酐、脂肪族或芳香族之一級或二級胺、聚醯胺樹脂、聚巰基化合物等。此等之中,就作業性、絕緣性的觀點,較佳為使用多官能苯酚化合物、及聚羧酸及其酸酐。
多官能苯酚化合物,只要是一分子中具有2個以上之酚性羥基的化合物時,可使用公知慣用者。具體而言,可列舉苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂、甲酚醛清漆樹脂、雙酚A、烯丙基化雙酚A、雙酚F、雙酚A之酚醛清漆樹脂、乙烯基苯酚共聚樹脂等,特別是苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂,反應性高,且提高耐熱性之效果也高,故較佳。這種多官能苯酚化合物,在適當之硬化觸媒之存在下,也與前述環氧化合物及/或氧環丁烷化合物進行加成反應。
聚羧酸及其酸酐為一分子中具有2個以上之羧基的化合物及其酸酐,可列舉例如(甲基)丙烯酸之共聚合物、馬來酸酐之共聚合物、二元酸之縮合物等。市售品可列舉JHONSON POLYMER公司製之Joncryl(商品群名)、Arco Chemical公司製之SMA resin(商品群名)、新日本理科公司製之聚壬二酸酐等。
前述硬化觸媒,可列舉成為環氧化合物及/或氧環丁烷化合物與、多官能苯酚化合物及/或聚羧酸及其酸酐之反應之硬化觸媒的化合物、或不使用硬化劑時,成為聚合觸媒的化合物,可列舉例如三級胺、三級胺鹽、四級鎓鹽、三級膦、冠醚錯合物、及鏻偶極體(phosphonium ylide)等,此等之中,可任意選擇,此等可單獨使用或組合2種類以上使用。
此等之中,較佳者可列舉商品名2E4MZ、C11Z、C17Z、2PZ等之咪唑類或、商品名2MZ-A、2E4MZ-A等之咪唑之AZINE化合物、商品名2MZ-OK、2PZ-OK等之咪唑之異三聚氰酸鹽、商品名2PHZ、2P4MHZ等之咪唑羥基甲基體(前述商品名皆為四國化成工業(股)製)、雙氰胺與其衍生物、三聚氰胺與其衍生物、二胺基馬來腈(maleonitrile)與其衍生物、二伸乙三胺、三伸乙四胺(triethylenetetramine)、四伸乙五胺、雙(六亞甲基)三胺、三乙醇胺二胺基二苯基甲烷、有機酸二醯肼等之胺類、1,8-二氮雙環[5,4,0]十一碳烯-7(商品名DBU、san-apro(股)製)、3,9-雙(3-胺基丙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5,5]十一烷(商品名ATU、味之素(股)製)、或、三苯基膦、三環己基膦、三丁基膦、甲基二苯基膦等之有機膦化合物等。
此等硬化觸媒之調配量係以通常之量的比例即足夠,例如在前述環氧化合物及/或氧環丁烷化合物之合計100質量份中,為0.1質量份以上、10質量份以下較適當。
(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物,只要是藉由活性能量線照射,進行硬化之電絕緣性之組成物時即可,但是包含一分子中具有1個以上之乙烯性不飽和鍵的化合物與、光聚合起始劑的組成物,在耐熱性、電絕緣性優異,較佳。此一分子中具有1個以上之乙烯性不飽和鍵的化合物,可使用公知慣用之光聚合性寡聚物或光聚合性乙烯基單體等。
前述光聚合性寡聚物,可列舉不飽和聚酯系寡聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸酯系寡聚物等。(甲基)丙烯酸酯系寡聚物,可列舉苯酚酚醛清漆環氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲酚醛清漆環氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙酚型環氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之環氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、胺基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、環氧基胺基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚醚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚丁二烯改質(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。又,本說明書中,(甲基)丙烯酸酯係丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯及彼等之混合物統稱的用語,其他類似的敘述也同樣。
前述光聚合性乙烯基單體為公知慣用者,可列舉例如苯乙烯、氯苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯等之苯乙烯衍生物;乙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯或苯甲酸乙烯基等之乙烯酯類;乙烯基異丁醚、乙烯基-n-丁醚、乙烯基-t-丁醚、乙烯基-n-戊醚、乙烯基異戊醚、乙烯基-n-十八烷醚、乙烯基環己醚、乙二醇單丁基乙烯醚、三乙二醇單甲基乙烯醚等之乙烯醚類;丙烯醯胺、甲基丙烯醯胺、N-羥基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-羥基甲基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-甲氧基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-乙氧基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-丁氧基甲基丙烯醯胺等之(甲基)丙烯醯胺類;三烯丙基異氰脲酸酯、苯二甲酸二烯丙、間苯二甲酸二烯丙等之烯丙基化合物;2-乙基己基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、月桂基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四氫糠基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、異莰基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之(甲基)丙烯酸之酯類;羥基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、羥基丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之羥基烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯類;甲氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之烷氧基伸烷二醇單(甲基)丙烯酸酯類;乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯類、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之伸烷多元醇聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯;二乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇200二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、丙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之聚氧烷二醇聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯類;羥基新戊酸新戊二醇酯二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等之聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯類;三[(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]異氰脲酸酯等之異氰脲酸酯型聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯類等。此等配合塗膜特性上之要求,可單獨使用或組合2種以上使用。
前述光聚合起始劑,可列舉例如苯偶因、苯偶因甲基醚、苯偶因乙基醚、苯偶因異丙基醚、苯偶因異丁基醚、苄基甲基縮酮等之苯偶因化合物與其烷基醚類;苯乙酮、2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙烷-1-酮、二乙氧基苯乙酮、2,2-二乙氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、1,1-二氯苯乙酮、1-羥基環己基苯基酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲基硫基)苯基]-2-嗎啉基-丙烷-1-酮等之苯乙酮類;甲基蒽醌(Anthraquinone)、2-乙基蒽醌、2-第三-丁基蒽醌、1-氯蒽醌、2-戊基蒽醌等之蒽醌類;噻噸酮、2,4-二乙基噻噸酮、2-氯噻噸酮、2,4-二氯噻噸酮、2-甲基噻噸酮、2,4-二異丙基噻噸酮等之噻噸酮類;苯乙酮二甲基縮酮、苄基二甲基縮酮等之縮酮類;二苯甲酮、4,4-雙甲基胺基二苯甲酮等之二苯甲酮類等。此等可單獨使用或混合2種類以上使用,此外,可與三乙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺等之三級胺;2-二甲基胺基乙基苯甲酸、4-二甲基胺基苯甲酸乙酯等之苯甲酸衍生物等之光起始助劑等組合使用。
(B)硬化性樹脂組成物,使用鹼顯影型之光硬化性樹脂組成物時,作為上述(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物之成分,除了將羧基導入於上述具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之化合物、或上述具有乙烯性不飽和鍵的化合物外,也可使用不具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之含羧基樹脂。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,必要時為了使高填充化容易,可添加濕潤・分散劑。這種濕潤・分散劑,可使用具有羧基、羥基、酸酯等之極性基的化合物或高分子化合物,例如磷酸酯類等之含酸化合物或、包含酸基之共聚合物、含有羥基之聚羧酸酯、聚矽氧烷、長鏈聚胺基醯胺與酸酯之鹽等。
市售之濕潤・分散劑,特別適用者,可列舉Disperbyk(註冊商標)-101、-103、-110、-111、-160、-171、-174、-190、-300、Bykumen(註冊商標)、BYK-P105、-P104、-P104S、-240(均為BYK-Chemie Japan公司製)、EFKA-聚合物150、EFKA-44、-63、-64、-65、-66、-71、-764、-766、N(均為EFKA公司製)。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,為了組成物之調製或黏度調整,可調配有機溶劑。前述有機溶劑,可使用例如甲基乙基酮、環己酮等之酮類;甲苯、二甲苯、四甲基苯等之芳香族烴類;溶纖素、甲基溶纖素、丁基溶纖素、卡必醇、甲基卡必醇、丁基卡必醇、丙二醇單甲醚、二丙二醇單甲醚、二丙二醇二乙醚、三丙二醇單甲醚等之乙二醇醚類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乳酸丁酯、溶纖素乙酸酯、丁基溶纖素乙酸酯、卡必醇乙酸酯、丁基卡必醇乙酸酯、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、二丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、碳酸丙烯酯等之酯類;辛烷、癸烷等之脂肪族烴類;石油醚、石油腦、溶劑石油腦等之石油系溶劑等之有機溶劑。此等之有機溶劑,可單獨使用或組合2種類以上使用。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,必要時,可含有酞菁・藍、酞菁・綠、碘綠、雙偶氮黃、結晶紫(crystal violet)、氧化鈦、碳黑、萘黑等之公知慣用之著色劑、氫醌、氫醌單甲醚、t-丁基兒茶酚、鄰苯三酚、吩噻嗪等之公知慣用之熱聚合抑制劑、微粉二氧化矽、有機膨潤土、微晶高嶺石等之公知慣用之增黏劑、二氧化矽、硫酸鋇、滑石、黏土、水滑石等之公知慣例之體質顏料、聚矽氧系、氟系、高分子系等之消泡劑及/或如平坦劑等之公知慣用的添加劑類。
本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物係以前述有機溶劑調整為適合塗佈方法的黏度,藉由網版印刷法等的方法塗佈於基材上。
前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物為(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物時,塗佈後,藉由加熱至約140℃~180℃的溫度,使熱硬化可得到硬化塗膜。
又,前述絕緣性硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物時,塗佈後,以高壓水銀燈、金屬鹵素燈、氙燈等進行紫外線照射,可得到硬化塗膜。
又,前述絕緣性硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物與(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物之混合物之鹼顯影型的光硬化性樹脂組成物時,塗佈後,以高壓水銀燈、金屬鹵素燈、氙燈等的紫外線進行圖型曝光、顯影,藉由加熱至約140℃~180℃的溫度,使熱硬化可得到圖型狀之硬化塗膜。
實施例
顯示本發明之實施例及比較例,具體說明本發明,但是本發明不限定於以下的實施例。又,以下中,「份」及「%」無特別聲明時,皆表示「質量份」及「質量%」。
(光聚合性寡聚物(b-2)之合成)
在具備有攪拌機、溫度計、迴流冷凝管、滴下漏斗及氮導入管之2公升容可分離燒瓶中,投入二乙二醇二甲醚900g、及t-丁基過氧2-乙基己酸酯(日本油脂(股)製Perbutyl O)21.4g,昇溫至90℃後,將甲基丙烯酸309.9g、甲基丙烯酸甲酯116.4g、及通式(I)表示之內酯改質2-羥基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(DAICEL化學工業(股)製Placcel FM1) 109.8g與雙(4-t-丁基環己基)過氧二碳酸酯(日本油脂(股)製PeroylTCP)21.4g一同,以耗費3小時滴下至二乙二醇二甲醚中,再藉由6小時熟成,得到含有羧基之共聚樹脂溶液。反應係在氮環境下進行。
接著,在上述含有羧基之共聚樹脂溶液中,加入3,4-環氧基環己基甲基丙烯酸酯(DAICEL化學(股)製CyclomerA200) 363.9g、二甲基苄基胺3.6g、氫醌單甲醚1.80g,昇溫至100℃,藉由攪拌進行環氧基之開環加成反應。16小時後,得到包含固體成分酸價=108.9mgKOH/g、重量平均分子量=25,000(苯乙烯換算)之含有羧基之共聚樹脂53.8% (不揮發份)的溶液。
(實施例1~4及比較例1~4)
將下述表1所示之實施例1~4及比較例1~4之調配成分,使用3輥磨機混練,得到散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物。
注1.「碳化矽之體積占有率(%)」係由碳化矽與溶劑以外之體積V0
與、溶劑以外之成分之體積V1
,依下述求得。
「碳化矽之體積占有率(%)」=(V1
-V0
)/V1
×100
注2.同樣地,「氧化鋁之體積占有率(%)」也由氧化鋁與溶劑以外之體積V0
與、溶劑以外之成分之體積V1
,依下述求得。
「氧化鋁之體積占有率(%)」=(V1
-V0
)/V1
×100
*1:信濃電氣製鍊(股)製平均粒徑約9.5μm之α-碳化矽
*2:信濃電氣製鍊(股)製平均粒徑約1.2μm之α-碳化矽
*3:Superior Graphite公司製平均粒徑約7.8μm之β-碳化矽
*4:Superior Graphite公司製平均粒徑約1.3μm之β-碳化矽
*5:電氣化學工業(股)製之平均粒徑約8μm之球狀氧化鋁
*6:電氣化學工業(股)製之平均粒徑約0.3μm之球狀氧化鋁
*7:DIC(股)製苯酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂
*8:Mitsubishi Chemical(股)製雙酚A型環氧樹脂
*9:2,4-二胺基-6-[2’-甲基咪唑基-(1’)]-乙基-s-三嗪
*10:上述合成的光聚合性寡聚物(b-2)
*11:三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯
*12:BASF公司製之光聚合起始劑
*13:BYK-Chemie Japan(股)製之濕潤劑
*14:信越化學工業(股)製聚矽氧系消泡劑
*15:wilbur-ellis(股)製有機膨潤土
對於所得之硬化性樹脂組成物,使用以下評價方法評價。評價結果如表2所示。
(保存安定性)
將實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物置入聚乙烯製之密封黑色容器中,以5℃保存。評價1日後、2日後、7日後、30日後、90日後之沉降狀態。
又,將實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物置入聚乙烯製之密封黑色容器中,在20℃之暗處保存。評價1日後、2日後、7日後、30日後、90日後之沉降狀態。
◎:無沉降。
○:雖有若干沉降,但是無凝聚,藉由攪拌,在使用上無問題。
×:沉降、凝聚。即使攪拌結塊(lump),無法使用。
(耐溶劑性)
將實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於形成電路之FR-4基板上,使乾燥塗膜成為約30μm進行圖型印刷,以150℃使硬化60分鐘。
又,將實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於形成電路之FR-4基板上,使乾燥塗膜成為約30μm進行圖型印刷,以金屬鹵素燈以350nm之波長,照射2J/cm2
之累積光量後,以150℃使熱硬化60分鐘。將所得之基板於丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯中浸漬30分鐘,乾燥後,藉由玻璃紙黏膠帶進行剝離試驗,評價塗膜之剝離・變色。
○:無剝離或變色。
×:有剝離或變色。
(耐熱性)
使用實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物與實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,與耐溶劑性同樣的方法硬化。所得之基板上塗佈松香系助焊劑,在260℃之焊槽中移動10秒鐘,使用丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯洗淨,乾燥後,藉由玻璃紙黏膠帶進行剝離試驗,評價塗膜之剝離。
○:無剝離。
×:有剝離。
(鉛筆硬度)
使用實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物與實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,與耐溶劑性同樣的方法硬化。在所得之基板上,將B至9H之鉛筆的筆芯前端磨平,以約45˚的角度按壓,記錄塗膜無剝離之鉛筆的硬度。
(密著性(棋盤格之附著性))
將實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於形成電路之FR-4基板上,使乾燥塗膜成為約30μm進行圖型印刷,以150℃使硬化60分鐘。
又,將實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於形成電路之FR-4基板上,使乾燥塗膜成為約30μm進行圖型印刷,以金屬鹵素燈以350nm之波長,照射2J/cm2
之累積光量後,以150℃使熱硬化60分鐘。
將所得之基板依據JISK5400,在各樣品之皮膜上製作1mm之棋盤格100個(10×10),使透明黏著膠帶(nichiban公司製、寬:18mm)完全附著於棋盤格上,立即將膠帶之一端對於玻璃基板,保持直角同時瞬間拉離,檢查棋盤格有否產生剝離。評價基準如下述。
○:棋盤格未產生剝離。
×:棋盤格產生剝離。
(絕緣電阻值)
將實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於形成有IPC規格B圖型之梳形電極之FR-4基板上,使乾燥塗膜成為約30μm進行圖型印刷,以150℃使硬化60分鐘。又,將實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於形成有IPC規格B圖型之梳形電極之FR-4基板上,使乾燥塗膜成為約30μm進行圖型印刷,以金屬鹵素燈以350nm之波長,照射2J/cm2
之累積光量,使硬化。以外加電壓500V測量所得之基板之電極間的絕緣電阻值。
(熱導率)
將實施例1、2及比較例1、2之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於壓延銅箔上,使乾燥塗膜成為約50μm,進行印刷,以150℃使硬化60分鐘。又,將實施例3、4及比較例3、4之含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物及光硬化性樹脂組成物之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,以網版印刷於壓延銅箔上,使乾燥塗膜成為約50μm,進行印刷,並使用金屬鹵素燈在350nm之波長下,照射2J/cm2
之累積光量後,以150℃使硬化60分鐘。
然後,將壓延銅箔剝離所得之薄膜狀硬化物,使用京都電子工業股份公司製QTM500,進行熱導率測量,求n=3之平均值。
由表2所示的結果可知,依據本發明之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物時,即使含有熱硬化性、光硬化性之任一的樹脂組成物時,也可得到保存安定性、導熱性優異,且作為印刷配線板用之耐熱絕緣材料,具有充分特性的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物。
Claims (6)
- 一種散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其係含有(A)散熱性無機粒子、(B)硬化性樹脂組成物而成之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(A)散熱性無機粒子至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽,且相對於前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物全容量,前述(A)散熱性無機粒子之體積佔有率為60容量%以上,前述(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之前述(A)散熱性無機粒子中之含有比率為20容量%以上,前述(B)硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 一種散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其係含有(A)散熱性無機粒子、(B)硬化性樹脂組成物而成之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(A)散熱性無機粒子至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽,且相對於前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物全容量,前述(A)散熱性無機粒子之體積佔有率為60容量%以上,前述(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之前述(A)散熱性無機粒子中之含有比率為20容量%以上未達60容量%,前述(B)硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 一種散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其係含有(A)散熱性無 機粒子、(B)硬化性樹脂組成物而成之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(A)散熱性無機粒子至少含有(A-1)β-碳化矽,且相對於前述散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物之硬化物全容量,前述(A)散熱性無機粒子之體積佔有率為60容量%以上,前述(A-1)β-碳化矽粒子之前述(A)散熱性無機粒子中之含有比率為20容量%以上未達60容量%,前述(B)硬化性樹脂組成物為(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物與(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物之混合物。
- 如請求項1或3之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(B-1)熱硬化性樹脂組成物含有環氧化合物及/或氧環丁烷化合物;及硬化劑及/或硬化觸媒。
- 如請求項2或3之散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物,其中前述(B-2)光硬化性樹脂組成物含有一分子中具有1個以上之乙烯性不飽和鍵的化合物;及光聚合起始劑。
- 一種印刷配線板,其特徵係藉由將如請求項1~5中任一項的散熱絕緣性樹脂組成物進行熱硬化及/或光硬化所得之硬化物,形成絕緣層及/或阻焊劑層而成。
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