TWI649113B - 除臭劑的製造方法及除臭劑 - Google Patents
除臭劑的製造方法及除臭劑 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供以液狀亦可利用之來自於蚯蚓糞土之除臭劑的製造方法及除臭劑。一種除臭劑的製造方法及以該製造方法得到之除臭劑,所述除臭劑的製造方法之特徵在於,其包含:將蚯蚓之糞土與水進行混合之混合步驟、及將由前述混合步驟中得到之混合物產生之氣化的水回收而得到液體之回收步驟。較佳於前述混合步驟中,與前述蚯蚓之糞土及前述水一起進一步混合有機物。
Description
本發明係關於以液狀亦可利用之來自於蚯蚓糞土之除臭劑的製造方法及以該製造方法得到的除臭劑。
作為蚯蚓的糞土之利用方法之一,已知將其用作除臭劑(例如,專利文獻1~3)。考量蚯蚓的糞土帶來的除臭效果基於蚯蚓的糞土如活性炭或矽膠那樣具有多孔結構,具有對各種臭氣成分進行吸附脫臭的作用、及經由蚯蚓之糞土中包含的消化酶或微生物來分解硫化氫或氨氣等。
近年來,例如如噴霧型那樣的液狀之除臭劑的需求增加。然而,以往支利用了蚯蚓的糞土的除臭劑使用蚯蚓之糞土本身,因此難以製造液狀之除臭劑。
專利文獻1:日本特公昭54-10553號公報
專利文獻2:日本特開平2-56216號公報
專利文獻3:日本特開平5-4020號公報
因此,本發明的目的在於,提供以液狀亦可利用之來自於蚯蚓糞土之除臭劑的製造方法及以該製造方法得到的除臭劑。
本發明者們等為了解決上述課題,進行了深入研究,結果發現,將混合蚯蚓之糞土與水時產生的氣化的水回收而得到之液體發揮除臭效果,從而完成了本發明。
即,本發明的除臭劑之製造方法之特徵在於,其包含:將蚯蚓之糞土與水進行混合之混合步驟、及將由前述混合步驟中得到之混合物產生的氣化的水回收而得到液體的回收步驟。
本發明之除臭劑的製造方法較佳於前述混合步驟中,與前述蚯蚓之糞土與前述水一起進一步混合有機物。
本發明之除臭劑的製造方法中,前述有機物較佳為木材。
本發明之除臭劑的製造方法較佳進一步包含用水對前述回收步驟中將氣化的水回收而得到的液體進行
稀釋之稀釋步驟。
本發明的除臭劑的特徵在於,其以前述除臭劑的製造方法得到。
根據本發明,可提供以液狀亦可利用之來自於蚯蚓糞土之除臭劑的製造方法及以該製造方法得到之除臭劑。
圖1係對比較例1之水、實施例1~4之除臭劑之氣味水準(%)進行比較的圖表。
圖2係對比較例1之水、實施例5~8之除臭劑之氣味水準(%)進行比較的圖表。
本發明之除臭劑的製造方法的特徵在於,其包含:將蚯蚓的糞土與水進行混合之混合步驟、及對以前述混合步驟中得到的混合物產生的氣化的水進行回收之回收步驟。較佳於前述混合步驟中,與前述蚯蚓之糞土及前述水一起再一步混合有機物。詳細的機制雖不明確,但可以考量由於蚯蚓的糞土中包含的細菌等之微生物將蚯蚓的糞土中包含之有機物或另外混合的有機物分解發酵,因此
使將氣化的水回收而得到的液體具有除臭作用。
以下,對本發明之除臭劑的製造方法及除臭劑詳細地說明。
[除臭劑的製造方法]
混合步驟係將蚯蚓之糞土與水進行混合之步驟。
對蚯蚓的糞土沒有特別限制,例如可以使用粉正蚓(Lumbricus rubellus)、陸正蚓(Lumbricus terrestris)、赤子愛勝蚓(Eisenia foetida)、背暗異唇蚓(Allolobophora caliginosa)、八毛枝蚓(Dendrobaena octaedra)、日本異唇蚓(Allolobophora japonica Michaelsen)、八田蚯蚓(Drawida hattamimizu Hatai)、Pheretima divergens Michaelsen、Pheretima communissima、Pheretima agrestis、Pheretima sieboldi Horst、Pheretima hilgendorfi、Pontodrilus matsushimensis Iizuka、Tubifex hattai Nomura、Limnodrilus gotoi Hatai=L.SocialisStephenson等之糞土。
對與蚯蚓之糞土混合的水沒有特別限制,可使用自來水、蒸餾水。另外,水也可使用過濾材料、反滲透膜等進行淨水處理。從去除細菌等微生物的觀點出發,較佳使用微孔的過濾材料、反滲透膜等,較佳使用例如SPG(Shirasu Porous Glass)透過膜。
對於蚯蚓之糞土與水之混合比,相對於每1kg蚯蚓之糞土,水較佳為0.05~20L,更佳為0.1~10L,進
一步較佳為0.2~5L,特別佳為0.5~2L。
較佳在混合步驟中,與蚯蚓之糞土與水一起再進一步混合有機物。混合有機物,則可得到除臭效果更優異之除臭劑,而且亦可調節除臭劑的pH。對於有機物,只要是與蚯蚓之糞土混合而被分解的有機物就沒有特別限制,例如可使用來自於動物、植物、菌類、原生動物等之生物的有機物。作為來自於植物的有機物,例如可以舉例如木屑、鋸屑、穀殼等之木材;用於蘑菇之栽培的菌床等。若混合木材作為有機物,則於回收步驟中容易回收到無臭的液體,故較佳。作為木材,較佳為木屑。
對於蚯蚓之糞土與有機物之混合比,相對於每1kg蚯蚓的糞土,有機物較佳為0.05~20kg,更佳為0.1~10kg,進一步較佳為0.2~5kg,特別佳為0.5~2kg。
對混合步驟中的混合方法沒有特別限制,較佳經由進行攪拌等來充分地混合混合物。對混合的順序沒有特別限制,例如可以於容器中放入蚯蚓之糞土與有機物之後加入水,另外,也可於容器中放入有機物,加入水之後,加入蚯蚓的糞土。
無需一次性地混合各成分的總量,亦可補加水、蚯蚓的糞土及/或有機物,從而分為數次進行混合。經由補加,可補充蒸發而減少的水或分解而減少的蚯蚓之糞土或/或有機物,同時可連續地回收氣化的水,故較佳。
另外,從最初的混合起經過一段時間,則發酵變得更穩定,因此例如使其經過1天左右的時間之後,回收氣化的水,則可得到除臭作用更優異的液體。從該觀點出發,亦較佳進行補加而連續地回收氣化的水。
混合物因蚯蚓之糞土或另行添加之有機物的發酵而產生熱,但較佳根據氣溫的情況而邊加溫邊進行混合。加溫時,例如加溫至30~50℃即可。
(回收步驟)
回收步驟為將由混合步驟中得到的混合物產生的氣化的水回收而得到液體(以下,亦稱為「有機物分解水」)之步驟。亦可以一邊進行混合步驟,一邊進行回收步驟。
回收步驟中,回收於因混合物發酵所產生的發酵熱(反應熱)而上升的溫度區域內產生的氣化的水即可,無需加熱至沸點。較佳根據氣溫的情況而邊加溫邊進行混合,加溫時,例如加溫至30~50℃即可。
對於回收的方法,只要能夠回收氣化的水就沒有特別限制,例如使用除濕機對氣化的水進行回收即可。作為除濕機,例如可以使用冷卻方式或壓縮方式的除濕機。另外,較佳為回收在不使混合物沸騰的狀態下氣化的水。
對使回收的氣化的水成為液體的方法沒有特別限制,例如使用除濕機來回收時,可得到有機物分解水。作為除濕機,只要是可將氣化的水以液體的形態回收的除濕機就沒有特別限制,例如可以使用冷卻方式或壓縮
方式的除濕機。
將氣化的水回收而得到之液體的pH較佳為5~9,更佳為6~8,進一步較佳為6.5~7.5。
(稀釋步驟)
雖然亦可以將在回收步驟中回收氣化的水而得到的有機物分解水直接用作除臭劑,但較佳稀釋而使用。作為用於稀釋的溶劑,使用水即可,可使用自來水或蒸餾水。另外,用於稀釋的水也可使用過濾材料、反滲透膜等進行淨水處理。從去除細菌等之微生物的觀點出發,較佳使用微孔的過濾材料或反滲透膜等,例如較佳使用SPG(Shirasu Porous Glass)透過膜。
稀釋時,稀釋至例如1.5~10倍、較佳4~6倍、進一步較佳4.5~5.5倍即可。
[除臭劑]
本發明的除臭劑的特徵在於,其是用本發明之除臭劑的製造方法得到的。對於本發明的除臭劑,只要是使用由本發明的除臭劑的製造方法得到的發揮除臭效果的液體的除臭劑就沒有特別限制,較佳為液狀。另外,也可以是在前述具有除臭作用的液體中混合例如賦形劑等而加工成凝膠狀、粉狀、粒狀等固體的除臭劑。
對於本發明的除臭劑,於不有損本發明的範圍內,亦可添加其他的除臭成分或用於除臭劑的公知慣用的添加劑,例如著色劑、香料、抗氧化劑、紫外線吸收劑、螯合劑、表面活性劑、黏度調節劑、pH調節劑、增稠
劑、消泡劑、防腐劑、殺菌.抗菌劑、分散劑、有機溶劑等。
另外,對於本發明的除臭劑,亦可使其含有發揮除了除臭效果以外的效果的成分,從而可以賦予除了除臭效果以外的效果。作為這樣的成分,可含有蚯蚓的萃取物。作為蚯蚓的萃取物,例如可以使用水、乙醇或乙醇水溶液從蚯蚓的乾燥粉末萃取的萃取物等。
下面,經由實施例對本發明進一步詳細地說明。本發明並不因下面的實施例而受到絲毫限制。又,除非另有說明,以下「%」均為質量基準。另外,以下,作為水,使用了將自來水用SPG(Shirasu Porous Glass)透過膜(SPG Technology Co.,Ltd.製)與活性炭進行了淨水處理而得到的水。
(實施例1)
於放有粉正蚓支糞土40kg的槽(以下,稱為「反應槽」)中加入水40L,一邊攪拌,一邊用安裝於反應槽中的除濕機(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.製,DM-30)用約1天回收氣化的水,得到15~20L之液體。於反應槽中再加入10~20L的水,同樣地用除濕機用約1天回收氣化的水,得到15~20L的液體。將混合所得到的液體而成的40L左右的液體(pH6.8)作為實施例1的除臭劑來使用。
(實施例2)
於放有粉正蚓之糞土40kg及木材15kg(木屑5kg與鋸屑或穀殼的摻合物10kg)的反應槽中加入水40L,一邊攪拌,一邊用安裝於反應槽中的除濕機(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.製,DM-30)用約1天回收氣化的水,得到15~20L的液體。在反應槽中再加入水10~20L、木材10kg(木屑5kg與鋸屑或穀殼的摻合物5kg),同樣地用除濕機用約1天回收氣化的水,得到15~20L的液體。獲得了將混合所得到的液體而成的40L左右的液體(pH8.71)作為實施例2的除臭劑。
(實施例3)
於放有粉正蚓之糞土40kg宇菌床5kg與木材15kg(木屑5kg與鋸屑或穀殼的摻合物10kg)的反應槽中加入水40L,一邊攪拌,一邊用安裝於反應槽中的除濕機(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.製,DM-30)用約1天回收氣化的水,得到回收的15~20L的液體(pH8.27)作為實施例3的除臭劑。
(實施例4)
於放有粉正蚓之糞土40kg宇菌床5kg與木材15kg(木屑5kg與鋸屑或穀殼的摻合物10kg)的反應槽中加入水40L,一邊攪拌,一邊於經過1天之後用安裝於反應槽中的除濕機(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.製,DM-30)用約1天回收氣化的水,得到回收的15~20L的液體(pH7.78)作為實施例4的除臭劑。
(實施例5~8)
將實施例1~4的除臭劑分別用水稀釋至5倍,將所得到的液體作為實施例5~8的除臭劑。
於15mL的離心管中分別添加各實施例的除臭劑1.8mL與作為氣味的產生源的11%氨水0.2mL或作為比較對像的蒸餾水0.2mL並進行攪拌之後,於30℃下進行保溫,用氣味感測器XP329-IIIR(New Cosmos Electric Co.,Ltd.製)對2小時後及4小時後的氣相的臭味進行測定。另外,作為比較試驗,將除臭劑替換為水,同樣地測定臭味(比較例1)。對於臭味的測定值的計算方法,從添加氨水的氣味值減去添加蒸餾水的氣味值,再減去測定場所空間的氣味值來進行計算。用將使用水的比較試驗(比較例1)的氣味值設為100%的氣味水準進行比較。若低於100%,則表示已被除臭。將結果示於表1及圖1、2。
如實施例1~8所示,可知,經由回收由蚯蚓之糞土與水的混合物產生的氣化的水,可夠製造除臭劑。
Claims (5)
- 一種除臭劑的製造方法,其特徵在於,其包含:將蚯蚓之糞土與水與有機物相對於每1kg蚯蚓之糞土,以水0.05~20L,以有機物0.05~20kg進行混合之混合步驟,及回收藉由由前述混合步驟中得到之混合物的發酵所產生之發酵熱於上升的溫度區域內產生的氣化的水,或回收於前述混合步驟中得到之混合物加溫至30~50℃所產生的氣化的水,而得到液體的回收步驟。
- 如請求項1之除臭劑的製造方法,其中,前述有機物為木材。
- 如請求項1之除臭劑的製造方法,其中,前述有機物為木材及菌床。
- 如請求項1~3中任一項之除臭劑的製造方法,其中進一步包含用水對前述回收步驟中將氣化的水回收而得到的液體進行稀釋之稀釋步驟。
- 一種除臭劑,其特徵在於,其以請求項1~4中任一項之除臭劑的製造方法得到,未包含蚯蚓之糞土。
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