CN107019814A - 除臭剂的制造方法和除臭剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供以液状也能使用的来源于蚯蚓粪土的除臭剂的制造方法和除臭剂。一种除臭剂的制造方法以及由该制造方法得到的除臭剂,所述除臭剂的制造方法的特征在于,其包括:将蚯蚓的粪土和水进行混合的混合工序;以及将由前述混合工序中得到的混合物产生的气化的水回收而得到液体的回收工序。优选在前述混合工序中,与前述蚯蚓的粪土和前述水一起还混合有机物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及以液状也能使用的来源于蚯蚓粪土的除臭剂的制造方法以及由该制造方法得到的除臭剂。
背景技术
作为蚯蚓的粪土的利用方法之一,已知将其用作除臭剂(例如,专利文献1~3)。认为,蚯蚓的粪土带来的除臭效果基于蚯蚓的粪土如活性炭、硅胶那样具有多孔结构,具有对各种臭气成分进行吸附脱臭的作用;以及通过蚯蚓的粪土中包含的消化酶、微生物来分解硫化氢、氨气等。
近年来,例如如喷雾型那样的液状的除臭剂的需求增加。然而,以往的利用了蚯蚓的粪土的除臭剂使用蚯蚓的粪土自身,因此难以制造液状的除臭剂。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特公昭54-10553号公报
专利文献2:日本特开平2-56216号公报
专利文献3:日本特开平5-4020号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
于是,本发明的目的在于,提供以液状也能使用的来源于蚯蚓粪土的除臭剂的制造方法以及由该制造方法得到的除臭剂。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明人等为了解决上述课题,进行了深入研究,结果发现,将混合蚯蚓的粪土和水时产生的气化的水回收而得到的液体发挥除臭效果,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明的除臭剂的制造方法的特征在于,其包括:将蚯蚓的粪土和水进行混合的混合工序;以及将由前述混合工序中得到的混合物产生的气化的水回收而得到液体的回收工序。
本发明的除臭剂的制造方法优选在前述混合工序中,与前述蚯蚓的粪土和前述水一起还混合有机物。
本发明的除臭剂的制造方法中,前述有机物优选为木材。
本发明的除臭剂的制造方法优选还包括用水对前述回收工序中将气化的水回收而得到的液体进行稀释的稀释工序。
本发明的除臭剂的特征在于,其用前述除臭剂的制造方法得到。
发明的效果
根据本发明,能够提供以液状也能使用的来源于蚯蚓粪土的除臭剂的制造方法以及由该制造方法得到的除臭剂。
附图说明
图1是对比较例1的水、实施例1~4的除臭剂的气味水平(%)进行比较的图表。
图2是对比较例1的水、实施例5~8的除臭剂的气味水平(%)进行比较的图表。
具体实施方式
本发明的除臭剂的制造方法的特征在于,其包括:将蚯蚓的粪土和水进行混合的混合工序;以及对由前述混合工序中得到的混合物产生的气化的水进行回收的回收工序。优选在前述混合工序中,与前述蚯蚓的粪土和前述水一起还混合有机物。详细的机理虽不明确,但可以认为由于蚯蚓的粪土中包含的细菌等微生物将蚯蚓的粪土中包含的有机物、另外混合的有机物分解发酵,因此使将气化的水回收而得到的液体具有除臭作用。
下面,对本发明的除臭剂的制造方法和除臭剂详细地说明。
[除臭剂的制造方法]
(混合工序)
混合工序是将蚯蚓的粪土和水进行混合的工序。
对蚯蚓的粪土没有特别限制,例如可以使用粉正蚓(Lumbricus rubellus)、陆正蚓(Lumbricus terrestris)、赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)、背暗异唇蚓(Allolobophoracaliginosa)、八毛枝蚓(Dendrobaena octaedra)、日本异唇蚓(Allolobophora japonicaMichaelsen)、八田蚯蚓(Drawida hattamimizu Hatai)、Pheretima divergensMichaelsen、Pheretima communissima、Pheretima agrestis、Pheretima sieboldiHorst、Pheretima hilgendorfi、Pontodrilus matsushimensis Iizuka、Tubifex hattaiNomura、Limnodrilus gotoi Hatai=L.SocialisStephenson等的粪土。
对与蚯蚓的粪土混合的水没有特别限制,可以使用自来水、蒸馏水。另外,水也可以使用过滤材料、反渗透膜等进行净水处理。从去除细菌等微生物的观点出发,优选使用微孔的过滤材料、反渗透膜等,优选使用例如SPG(Shirasu Porous Glass)透膜。
对于蚯蚓的粪土与水的混合比,相对于每1kg蚯蚓的粪土,水优选为0.05~20L,更优选为0.1~10L,进一步优选为0.2~5L,特别优选为0.5~2L。
优选在混合工序中,与蚯蚓的粪土和水一起还混合有机物。混合有机物时,能够得到除臭效果更优异的除臭剂,而且还能够调节除臭剂的pH。对于有机物,只要是与蚯蚓的粪土混合而被分解的有机物就没有特别限制,例如可以使用来源于动物、植物、菌类、原生动物等生物的有机物。作为来源于植物的有机物,例如可以举出木屑、锯屑、谷壳等木材;用于蘑菇的栽培的菌床等。若混合木材作为有机物,则在回收工序中容易回收到无臭的液体,故优选。作为木材,优选木屑。
对于蚯蚓的粪土与有机物的混合比,相对于每1kg蚯蚓的粪土,有机物优选为0.05~20kg,更优选为0.1~10kg,进一步优选为0.2~5kg,特别优选为0.5~2kg。
对混合工序中的混合方法没有特别限制,优选通过进行搅拌等来充分地混合混合物。对混合的顺序没有特别限制,例如可以在容器中放入蚯蚓的粪土和有机物之后加入水,另外,也可以在容器中放入有机物,加入水之后,加入蚯蚓的粪土。
无需一次性地混合各成分的总量,也可以补加水、蚯蚓的粪土和/或有机物,从而分为数次进行混合。通过补加,能够补充蒸发而减少的水、分解而减少的蚯蚓的粪土和/或有机物,同时能够连续地回收气化的水,故优选。
另外,从最初的混合起经过一段时间时,发酵变得更稳定,因此例如使其经过1天左右的时间之后,回收气化的水时,能够得到除臭作用更优异的液体。从该观点出发出发,也优选进行补加而连续地回收气化的水。
混合物因蚯蚓的粪土、另行添加的有机物的发酵而产生热,但优选根据气温的情况而边加温边进行混合。加温时,例如加温至30~50℃即可。
(回收工序)
回收工序为将由混合工序中得到的混合物产生的气化的水回收而得到液体(以下,也称为“有机物分解水”)的工序。也可以一边进行混合工序,一边进行回收工序。
回收工序中,回收在因混合物发酵所产生的发酵热(反应热)而上升的温度区域内产生的气化的水即可,无需加热至沸点。优选根据气温的情况而边加温边进行混合,加温时,例如加温至30~50℃即可。
对于回收的方法,只要能够回收气化的水就没有特别限制,例如使用除湿机对气化的水进行回收即可。作为除湿机,例如可以使用冷却方式、压缩方式的除湿机。另外,优选回收在不使混合物沸腾的状态下气化的水。
对使回收的气化的水成为液体的方法没有特别限制,例如使用除湿机来回收时,能够得到有机物分解水。作为除湿机,只要是能够将气化的水以液体的形态回收的除湿机就没有特别限制,例如可以使用冷却方式、压缩方式的除湿机。
将气化的水回收而得到的液体的pH优选为5~9,更优选为6~8,进一步优选为6.5~7.5。
(稀释工序)
虽然也可以将在回收工序中回收气化的水而得到的有机物分解水直接用作除臭剂,但优选稀释而使用。作为用于稀释的溶剂,使用水即可,可以使用自来水、蒸馏水。另外,用于稀释的水也可以使用过滤材料、反渗透膜等进行净水处理。从去除细菌等微生物的观点出发,优选使用微孔的过滤材料、反渗透膜等,例如优选使用SPG(Shirasu PorousGlass)透膜。
稀释时,稀释至例如1.5~10倍、优选4~6倍、进一步优选4.5~5.5倍即可。
[除臭剂]
本发明的除臭剂的特征在于,其是用本发明的除臭剂的制造方法得到的。对于本发明的除臭剂,只要是使用由本发明的除臭剂的制造方法得到的起到除臭效果的液体的除臭剂就没有特别限制,优选为液状。另外,也可以是在前述具有除臭作用的液体中混合例如赋形剂等而加工成凝胶状、粉状、粒状等固体的除臭剂。
对于本发明的除臭剂,在不有损本发明的范围内,也可以添加其它的除臭成分、用于除臭剂的公知惯用的添加剂,例如着色剂、香料、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、螯合剂、表面活性剂、粘度调节剂、pH调节剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、防腐剂、杀菌·抗菌剂、分散剂、有机溶剂等。
另外,对于本发明的除臭剂,也可以使其含有起到除了除臭效果以外的效果的成分,从而可以赋予除了除臭效果以外的效果。作为这样的成分,可以含有蚯蚓的提取物。作为蚯蚓的提取物,例如可以使用用水、乙醇或乙醇水溶液从蚯蚓的干燥粉末提取的提取物等。
实施例
下面,通过实施例对本发明进一步详细地说明。本发明并不因下面的实施例而受到丝毫限制。需要说明的是,除非另有说明,以下“%”均为质量基准。另外,以下,作为水,使用了将自来水用SPG(Shirasu Porous Glass)透过膜(SPG Technology Co.,Ltd.制)和活性炭进行了净水处理而得到的水。
(实施例1)
在放有粉正蚓的粪土40kg的槽(以下,称为“反应槽”)中加入水40L,一边搅拌,一边用安装于反应槽中的除湿机(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.制,DM-30)用约1天回收气化的水,得到15~20L的液体。在反应槽中再加入10~20L的水,同样地用除湿机用约1天回收气化的水,得到15~20L的液体。将混合所得到的液体而成的40L左右的液体(pH6.8)作为实施例1的除臭剂来使用。
(实施例2)
在放有粉正蚓的粪土40kg以及木材15kg(木屑5kg与锯屑、谷壳的掺合物10kg)的反应槽中加入水40L,一边搅拌,一边用安装于反应槽中的除湿机(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.制,DM-30)用约1天回收气化的水,得到15~20L的液体。在反应槽中再加入水10~20L、木材10kg(木屑5kg与锯屑、谷壳的掺合物5kg),同样地用除湿机用约1天回收气化的水,得到15~20L的液体。获得了将混合所得到的液体而成的40L左右的液体(pH8.71)作为实施例2的除臭剂。
(实施例3)
在放有粉正蚓的粪土40kg、菌床5kg、以及木材15kg(木屑5kg与锯屑、谷壳的掺合物10kg)的反应槽中加入水40L,一边搅拌,一边用安装于反应槽中的除湿机(NakatomiCo.,Ltd.制,DM-30)用约1天回收气化的水,得到回收的15~20L的液体(pH8.27)作为实施例3的除臭剂。
(实施例4)
在放有粉正蚓的粪土40kg、菌床5kg、以及木材15kg(木屑5kg与锯屑、谷壳的掺合物10kg)的反应槽中加入水40L,一边搅拌,一边在经过1天之后用安装于反应槽中的除湿机(Nakatomi Co.,Ltd.制,DM-30)用约1天回收气化的水,得到回收的15~20L的液体(pH7.78)作为实施例4的除臭剂。
(实施例5~8)
将实施例1~4的除臭剂分别用水稀释至5倍,将所得到的液体作为实施例5~8的除臭剂。
(除臭性的评价)
在15mL的离心管中分别添加各实施例的除臭剂1.8mL以及作为气味的产生源的11%氨水0.2mL或作为比较对象的蒸馏水0.2mL并进行搅拌之后,在30℃下进行保温,用气味传感器XP329-IIIR(New Cosmos Electric Co.,Ltd.制)对2小时后和4小时后的气相的臭味进行测定。另外,作为比较试验,将除臭剂替换为水,同样地测定臭味(比较例1)。对于臭味的测定值的计算方法,从添加氨水的气味值减去添加蒸馏水的气味值,再减去测定场所空间的气味值来进行计算。用将使用水的比较试验(比较例1)的气味值设为100%的气味水平进行比较。若低于100%,则表示已被除臭。将结果示于表1和图1、2。
表1
如实施例1~8所示,可知,通过回收由蚯蚓的粪土和水的混合物产生的气化的水,能够制造除臭剂。
Claims (5)
1.一种除臭剂的制造方法,其特征在于,其包括:将蚯蚓的粪土和水进行混合的混合工序;以及将由所述混合工序中得到的混合物产生的气化的水回收而得到液体的回收工序。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂的制造方法,其在所述混合工序中,与所述蚯蚓的粪土和所述水一起还混合有机物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的除臭剂的制造方法,其中,所述有机物为木材。
4.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂的制造方法,其还包括用水对所述回收工序中将气化的水回收而得到的液体进行稀释的稀释工序。
5.一种除臭剂,其特征在于,其用权利要求1~4中任一项所述的除臭剂的制造方法得到。
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