TWI647289B - 雷射加工用保護膜劑 - Google Patents

雷射加工用保護膜劑 Download PDF

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TWI647289B
TWI647289B TW106141640A TW106141640A TWI647289B TW I647289 B TWI647289 B TW I647289B TW 106141640 A TW106141640 A TW 106141640A TW 106141640 A TW106141640 A TW 106141640A TW I647289 B TWI647289 B TW I647289B
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protective film
laser processing
film agent
water
wafer
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只野剛
廣瀬昌史
冨田大佑
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日商日化精工股份有限公司
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Abstract

一種雷射加工用保護膜劑,其可於雷射加工時確實地覆蓋晶圓上包含元件之表面,加工處理後可用水清洗去除,實現在晶圓表面未有碎屑等附著之加工處理。其係於水溶性黏著劑之溶液中添加水溶性的雷射光吸收劑,以使波長355nm之吸光度(換算為200倍稀釋溶液之吸光度)為0.3~3。此保護膜可確實吸收所照射的雷射光,使產生的碎屑減少而確實進行加工。該水溶性黏著劑可為將聚乙烯醇及聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺混合者,可以成分比例100~200:1混合。

Description

雷射加工用保護膜劑
本發明係有關一種將雷射光照射在晶圓上,進行畫線、晶圓切割、切槽及其他加工時,用以覆蓋且保護晶圓之表面之保護膜劑。
以矽或藍寶石等化合物作為基板,且具有LSI、CMOS、功率元件等之圖樣的晶圓上,形成有多個以切割道所分割形成的各個元件。像這樣以切割道縱橫地分離之元件,將其以切割道分割形成各個單獨一片的元件時,係藉由切割刀或雷射光之照射進行晶圓切割,利用雷射光之處理亦為有力的方法。
藉由雷射進行晶圓切割時,藉由雷射光之照射,在晶圓吸收雷射光的部分發生爆炸,爆炸之物質作為異物(碎屑)形成於晶圓之表面,附著在形成切割道之加工槽附近,但也可能附著在元件表面。
作為對於如上述之問題點的對應方法,以往已知為了作出不使因爆炸而昇華之碎屑飛散而附著於晶圓的環境,有噴射輔助氣體並將從晶圓表面飛散之碎屑以氣氛氣體分解、氣化之方法,或真空吸引或減壓下的加工方法等。然而該些方法中,產生了裝置之設置、裝置之運轉、運轉作業煩雜等問題,且即使使用該些方法也會無法充分去除碎屑,而有改良之必要。
有鑑於上述問題,日本特開2007-73670號公報中採用了在照射雷射光之前,將形成有各種元件之晶圓表面以樹脂覆蓋,保護後進行上述加工,加工後去除上述保護膜之方法。此方法中,使用水溶性樹脂液 作為保護膜劑,以旋轉塗佈機塗佈在形成有元件的晶圓表面來保護表面,在雷射加工後洗去碎屑及保護膜劑。
又,日本特許第4571850號公報中,在上述保護膜劑中調配少量的雷射光吸收劑,以有效地去除碎屑。然而,雖然此對於切割道周邊之晶圓可非常有效地防止碎屑固著,但是碎屑會飛散到遠離切割道之元件晶片中心部而固著,或因熱變化產生燒焦、發黑等,而有對於晶片的保護性不充分的問題點。
特別是用於相機的影像感測器(image sensor)中,晶片表面的鏡片上只要有一點如上述因碎屑造成的髒汙附著,則會降低元件的性能,成為不良率上升的主要原因,故需要更進一步的改良。
本發明係提供一種雷射加工用保護膜劑,於雷射加工時,不僅是沿著切割道的部分,晶片中心部的表面亦可更確實地覆蓋並保護,在晶圓切割等加工處理後可藉由用水進行清洗予以去除,而可獲得未有碎屑附著之乾淨的晶圓表面。
本發明係一種雷射加工用保護膜劑,係水溶性黏著劑之溶液中添加水溶性的雷射光吸收劑,以使波長355nm之吸光度(換算為200倍稀釋溶液之吸光度)為0.3~3。該水溶性黏著劑係可為將聚乙烯醇及聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺混合者,係可以成分比例100~200:1混合。又,該雷射加工用保護膜劑之溶液的pH值可為5~8。
根據本發明,可以在藉由保護膜劑覆蓋保護晶圓表面的狀態下,進行畫線、晶圓切割、切槽及其他加工。藉由該保護膜劑,可以抑制雷射加工中碎屑的產生,碎屑較不會飛散至晶圓上的元件晶片,即使飛散亦可藉由保護膜劑保護元件,之後可利用水洗容易地將保護膜劑及碎屑一併去除,可得到具有乾淨表面的晶圓。並且,可以縮小加工切割道的寬度, 可更有效率地製造元件。
此外,多種雷射加工處理作業中可能有隨著各種加工產生的異物再次附著,對此本發明亦可廣泛使用。又,亦可使用於低介電常數膜(Low-k膜)等之絕緣膜藉由雷射切槽來形成槽的步驟中。另外,該保護膜劑作為可容易用水清洗去除之水溶性保護膜,可以用於防止表面損傷等。
為讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下:
本發明之雷射加工用保護膜劑中,使用水溶性的黏著劑溶液。作為水溶性黏著劑,可使用各種物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺。該聚乙烯醇可與聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺混合使用。該聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺較佳係N-乙烯基乙醯胺之均聚物。該聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺之分解開始溫度係約350℃,具有耐熱性。
該聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺通常係以溶解於溶劑之溶液狀態使用,上述聚乙烯醇與聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺的混合比例,係成分比例100~200:1程度,較佳為120~170:1程度,少量使用聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺為佳。
該聚乙烯醇的重量平均分子量不特別限制,通常可使用5,000~30,000程度,較佳係7,000~20,000程度,更佳係10,000~17,000程度。又,該聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺之絕對分子量係可使用10,000~1,800,000程度,較佳係20,000~700,000程度,更佳係30,000~500,000程度,又較佳係40,000~270,000程度。
該聚乙烯醇及該聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺皆為水溶性,可使用純 水作為其溶媒,惟亦可將異丙醇等醇類、甘油類、丙二醇單甲醚等二醇醚類的1種或2種以上與純水混合來使用。若將上述混合,則以雷射加工保護膜劑保護晶圓表面時,可改良潤濕性或延展性等而提升塗佈性。
該水溶性黏著劑之溶液中添加水溶性的雷射光吸收劑,該雷射光吸收劑係吸收加工用雷射光。進行雷射加工時的雷射光,已知有355nm之紫外線、532nm之可見光、790nm或1064nm之紅外線等。與上述對應之雷射光吸收劑可舉例如紫外線吸收用的三嗪類、二苯基甲酮類、苯并三唑類、蒽醌類、二苯乙烯基聯苯衍生物等,紅外線吸收用的1,1,5,5-肆〔4-(二乙胺基)苯基〕-1,4-戊二烯-3-鎓對甲苯磺酸鹽等。該二苯基甲酮類雷射光吸收劑有2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯基甲酮-5-磺酸(三水合物)等。又,亦有其他一般習知的紫外線、可見光、紅外線吸收劑或色素、染料等。
該雷射光吸收劑的用量例如係使上述波長355nm的吸光度(換算為200倍稀釋溶液之吸光度)為0.3~3程度,較佳為0.3~1.5程度,該用量較以往之吸光劑用量多,為比較高的濃度。上述吸光度為藉由後述之實驗所使用之方法而測定。
如此之雷射加工用保護膜劑,可藉由利用旋轉塗佈機在晶圓表面塗佈,或是利用噴霧器進行塗佈,而可獲得均勻的塗佈面,特別是可以不必進行烘烤操作來使用。
再者,雖然該雷射加工用保護膜劑可藉由如上所述之旋轉塗佈機、噴霧器等塗佈於晶圓表面,然而為了防止由晶圓表面彈開,且使潤濕性變佳並提升塗佈性,進而提昇溶液之保存穩定性,可以添加界面活性劑等。作為該界面活性劑,只要是水溶性即可,可使用非離子型、陽離子型、陰離子型、兩性型之界面活性劑。
上述非離子型界面活性劑可舉例如壬基酚類、高級醇類、多元醇類、聚氧烷二醇類、聚氧伸乙基烷酯類、聚氧伸乙基烷醚類、聚氧伸 乙基烷基酚醚類、聚氧伸乙基去水山梨醇烷酯類等。
再者,陽離子型界面活性劑例如有四級銨鹽、胺鹽,陰離子型界面活性劑例如有烷苯磺酸及其鹽、烷基硫酸酯鹽、甲基牛磺酸鹽、醚磺酸鹽等,兩性型界面活性劑例如可有咪唑甜菜鹼類、醯胺丙基甜菜鹼類、氨基二丙酸鹽類等。該等界面活性劑可適當地選擇其中一種或二種以上使用。該界面活性劑相對於保護膜劑的總量,通常可使用0.05~5質量%作為有效成分。又,若有必要的話,為了增加保存性,可添加苯氧乙醇等之防腐劑。進而,視需要亦可使用塑化劑、有機酸等。
該雷射加工用保護膜劑之溶液的pH值不特別限制,較佳為pH5~8程度,更佳為pH6~8程度,若使pH值為所謂的中性區,則容易操作,且對晶圓處理裝置的影響少,容易保持裝置,減少裝置的損傷。上述pH值為藉由後述之實驗所使用之方法而測定。用以調整pH值之物不特別限制,可使用各種物,在後述實施例及比較例中,係使用三乙醇胺來調整pH值。
如上所述,藉由旋轉塗佈機或其他塗佈方法將雷射加工用保護膜劑覆蓋於設有影像感測器等元件的晶圓上,形成保護膜,又在其上對切割道部分照射雷射光,則雷射光被包含充分的雷射光吸收劑之雷射加工用保護膜劑確實地吸收,可確實地對切割道部分加工處理,可以減少碎屑的產生及飛散。
又,雷射加工中,在同一個切割道多次來回,逐漸增加切割深度的情況下,可以抑制因晶圓的蒸發成分在切割道上方形成氣氛導致雷射光的一部分散射而照射到元件部分,而因此在元件部分產生髒污或燒焦等不良。
進行雷射加工處理後,使用水清洗雷射加工用保護膜劑及碎屑等。此清洗時可使用刷子,或施加超音波,或者藉由壓縮空氣或氮氣等 氣體與水的混合液來進行洗淨。藉此,可有效率地去除因加工處理所產生之碎屑及保護膜。
準備下述材料以製備實施例及比較例。
1.聚乙烯醇(PVA):重量平均分子量為約15,000
2.聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺-1(PNVA-1):含有12.5質量%的絕對分子量為300,000之成分的溶液
3.聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺-2(PNVA-2):含有10質量%的絕對分子量為50,000之成分的溶液
4.雷射光吸收劑:2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯基甲酮-5-磺酸(三水合物)(355nm之雷射光的吸收劑)
5.三乙醇胺(TEA)(pH調整劑)
6.苯氧乙醇(防腐劑)
7.丙二醇單甲醚(PGM)
8.純水(離子交換水)
(實施例1)將16.2質量%之PVA、0.8質量%之PNVA-1、1.5質量%之雷射光吸收劑、0.6質量%之TEA、1.0質量%之苯氧乙醇、15.0質量%之PGM及64.9質量%之純水(平衡量)適當地混合,得到雷射加工用保護膜劑。
(實施例2~4)比照實施例1,以第1表所示之配比得到實施例2~4的雷射加工用保護膜劑。
(實施例5)將13.1質量%之PVA、1.0質量%之PNVA-2、1.85質量%之雷射光吸收劑、0.75質量%之TEA、1.0質量%之苯氧乙醇、15.0質量%之PGM及67.3質量%之純水(平衡量)適當地混合,得到雷射加工用保護膜劑。
(實施例6、7)比照實施例5,以第2表所示之配比得到實施例6、7的雷射加工用保護膜劑。
(比較例1)將16.2質量%之PVA、0.8質量%之PNVA-1、1.18質量%之雷射光吸收劑、0.5質量%之TEA、1.0質量%之苯氧乙醇、15.0質量%之PGM及65.32質量%之純水(平衡量)適當地混合,得到雷射加工用保護膜劑。
為了觀察實施例及比較例的性質及性能,進行了以下的實驗。
1.黏度:基於JIS K6833測定於25℃之黏度(mPa.s)。
2.pH值:基於JIS Z8802測定於25℃之pH值。
3.吸光度:製備實施例及比較例之雷射加工用保護膜劑的200倍稀釋溶液,基於JIS K0115測定於25℃之355nm的吸光度(Abs)。
4.綜合評估:將上述實施例及比較例之雷射加工用保護膜劑,用旋轉塗佈機塗佈於晶圓表面,該晶圓係形成有影像感測器(image sensor),該影像感測器係用於相機,以355nm之雷射光進行晶圓切割處理,清洗處理後得到之物以雷射顯微鏡檢查雷射加工性的好壞及影像感測器的表面狀態。綜合評估的基準如下:
優秀(◎):雷射加工性良好,元件表面未發現碎屑附著,作為影像感測器係優良。
優(○):雷射加工性比上述的優秀(◎)略差,但元件表面未發現碎屑附著,作為影像感測器係優良。
不良(×):雷射加工性比上述的優(○)差,元件表面發現有若干的碎屑附著。
(實驗結果)上述實驗的結果表示於第1表及第2表。
(研究)實施例1之PVA與PNVA-1成分的混合比例為162:1,黏度為95.4,pH值為6.07,吸光度為0.369,綜合評估結果為優。實施例2相較於實施例1係增加雷射光吸收劑及TEA之添加量,黏度為104.0,pH值為6.31,兩實施例幾乎為相同程度,但實施例2的吸光度為0.450,係較高的數值,綜合評估結果為優。
實施例3之PVA與PNVA-1成分的混合比例為120:1,雷射光吸收劑之添加量與實施例2相同,但TEA之添加量較少,黏度為46.0,pH值為4.15,係較低的數值,吸光度為0.441,綜合評估結果為優。實施例4相較於實施例3係使PVA與PNVA-1成分的混合比例為140:1,黏度為69.2,係較高的數值,pH值為4.41,吸光度為0.452,綜合評估結果為優。又,實施例1~4的雷射加工用保護膜劑之溶液有觀察到些微混濁。
實施例5~7係使用絕對分子量與PNVA-1相比為較小的PNVA-2,使PVA與PNVA-2成分的混合比例為131:1,實施例5係使雷射光吸收劑之添加量與實施例3~4相同,增加TEA的用量,黏度為59.2,pH值為6.07,吸光度為0.442,綜合評估結果優異。實施例6相較於實施例5係增加雷射光吸收劑及TEA之添加量,黏度為64.5,pH值為6.31,兩實施例幾乎為相同程度。但吸光度上升至0.628,綜合評估結果優異。
實施例7相較於實施例6係更增加雷射光吸收劑及TEA之添加量,黏度為69.0,pH值為6.31,兩實施例幾乎為相同程度,但吸光度上升至0.940,綜合評估結果優異。又,實施例5~7的雷射加工用保護膜劑之溶液與實施例1~4不同,未觀察到混濁。
上述實施例5~7中,吸光度提高至0.45~0.94程度,雷射加工用保護膜劑的雷射光之吸光度越大,則產生的碎屑較少,對於影像感測器等形成於晶圓表面之元件的汙染較少,可知可以得到優良的元件此一更佳的結果。又,可知黏度為60~70程度,pH值為6~6.4程度係較佳。
相對地,比較例1相較於實施例1係雷射光吸收劑及TEA之添加量較少,黏度為99.6,pH值為6.15,兩實施例幾乎為相同程度,但吸光度僅有0.280,綜合評估結果不良,可知未得到較佳結果。此外,比較例1的雷射加工用保護膜劑之溶液有觀察到些微混濁。
雖然本發明已利用上述實施例揭示,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍之內,相對上述實施例進行各種更動與修改仍屬本發明所保護之技術範疇,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。

Claims (4)

  1. 一種雷射加工用保護膜劑,係於水溶性黏著劑之溶液中添加水溶性的雷射光吸收劑,以使波長355nm之吸光度(換算為200倍稀釋溶液之吸光度)為0.3~3,該水溶性黏著劑係將聚乙烯醇及聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺混合者。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項記載之雷射加工用保護膜劑,其中,該聚乙烯醇及聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺係以成分比例100~200:1混合。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項記載之雷射加工用保護膜劑,其中,該聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺之絕對分子量為10,000~1,800,000。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項記載之雷射加工用保護膜劑,其中,該雷射加工用保護膜劑之溶液的pH值為5~8。
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