TWI626872B - 印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板 - Google Patents

印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板 Download PDF

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TWI626872B
TWI626872B TW106101297A TW106101297A TWI626872B TW I626872 B TWI626872 B TW I626872B TW 106101297 A TW106101297 A TW 106101297A TW 106101297 A TW106101297 A TW 106101297A TW I626872 B TWI626872 B TW I626872B
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hole
plated
circuit board
printed circuit
substrate
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TW201826898A (zh
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楊國屏
姜義炎
治勇 楊
朱麟和
吳文強
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元鼎音訊股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/786,658 priority patent/US20180206346A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/40Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K3/42Plated through-holes or plated via connections
    • H05K3/425Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by the sequence of steps for plating the through-holes or via connections in relation to the conductive pattern
    • H05K3/426Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by the sequence of steps for plating the through-holes or via connections in relation to the conductive pattern initial plating of through-holes in substrates without metal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3485Applying solder paste, slurry or powder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/11Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K1/115Via connections; Lands around holes or via connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0011Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
    • H05K3/0044Mechanical working of the substrate, e.g. drilling or punching
    • H05K3/0047Drilling of holes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/12Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3494Heating methods for reflowing of solder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09818Shape or layout details not covered by a single group of H05K2201/09009 - H05K2201/09809
    • H05K2201/099Coating over pads, e.g. solder resist partly over pads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/04Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
    • H05K2203/045Solder-filled plated through-hole [PTH] during processing wherein the solder is removed from the PTH after processing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/04Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
    • H05K2203/046Means for drawing solder, e.g. for removing excess solder from pads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/05Patterning and lithography; Masks; Details of resist
    • H05K2203/0548Masks
    • H05K2203/0557Non-printed masks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/13Moulding and encapsulation; Deposition techniques; Protective layers
    • H05K2203/1333Deposition techniques, e.g. coating
    • H05K2203/1344Spraying small metal particles or droplets of molten metal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/12Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
    • H05K3/1216Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by screen printing or stencil printing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3447Lead-in-hole components
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3452Solder masks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Printing Elements For Providing Electric Connections Between Printed Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

一種印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板。印刷電路板製程之方法包括以下步驟:提供基板;於基板之表面進行佈線流程;於基板鑽孔以製成至少一電鍍通孔,其中至少一電鍍通孔具有孔環,孔環係位於基板之表面;以及塗佈防焊漆於基板之表面,並使防焊漆覆蓋於孔環之至少一部分。

Description

印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板
本發明係關於一種印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板,特別是一種增加錫膏量的印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板。
隨著科技的進步,印刷電路板的製程方式已經被大量地使用於電子零件的生產。而將電子元件組裝於印刷電路板通常是用焊接方式進行固定,例如利用波峰焊錫製程或表面黏著式製程等。於先前技術中也發展出一種通孔印錫膏(Past-In-Hole,PIH)的技術,就是把錫膏 (Solder paste) 直接印刷於印刷電路板的電鍍通孔(Plating Through Hole,PTH)上面,然後再把傳統插件直接插入已經印有錫膏的電鍍通孔裡,這時電鍍通孔上的錫膏大部分會沾粘在插件零件的焊腳上,這些錫膏經過迴焊爐的高溫時會重新熔融,進而焊接零件於電路板上。然而,焊錫量必須大於載板厚度的75%以上,所以容易有錫膏量不足的情形發生。可能要用大量的錫膏,或是由另一位工作人員用點膠機(dispenser)加點錫膏於通孔印錫膏的焊墊上來增加錫膏量。但上述的方法都要耗費較多人力及物力成本。
因此,有必要發明一種新的印刷電路板製程之方法及其印刷電路板,以解決先前技術的缺失。
本發明之主要目的係在提供一種印刷電路板,其具有能增加錫膏量的效果。
本發明之另一主要目的係在提供一種用於製造上述印刷電路板之方法。
為達成上述之目的,本發明之印刷電路板包括基板及防焊漆。基板具有表面,表面係執行佈線程序,並於基板鑽孔以製成至少一電鍍通孔,其中至少一電鍍通孔具有孔環,孔環係位於基板之表面。防焊漆係塗佈於基板之表面,且覆蓋於孔環之至少一部分。
本發明之印刷電路板製程之方法包括以下步驟:提供基板;於基板之表面進行佈線流程;於基板鑽孔以製成至少一電鍍通孔,其中至少一電鍍通孔具有孔環,孔環係位於基板之表面;以及塗佈防焊漆於基板之表面,並使防焊漆覆蓋於孔環之至少一部分。
為能讓 貴審查委員能更瞭解本發明之技術內容,特舉較佳具體實施例說明如下。
以下請先參考圖1A係本發明之印刷電路板之外觀示意圖及圖1B係本發明之印刷電路板之部分剖視示意圖。
本發明之印刷電路板1包括基板10,具有一表面11,該表面11係執行一佈線流程,以將金屬線路設置於基板10之表面11,例如使用一負片轉印技術或一追加式轉印技術進行該佈線流程,由於此製程已經被本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所熟悉且並非本發明所要改進的重點,故在此不再贅述其原理。接著配合佈線需要在基板10鑽孔,再於清理乾淨的孔壁上浸泡附著上錫鈀膠質層,再將其還原成金屬鈀。接著將基板10浸於化學銅溶液中,藉著鈀金屬的催化作用將溶液中的銅離子還原沉積附著於孔壁上,以製成至少一電鍍通孔12。而電鍍通孔12 會具有孔環(Annular Ring)121,孔環121係位於基板10之表面11。上述的製造方式僅為舉例說明,本發明並不限定須以同樣的流程製造電鍍通孔12。
接著在基板10的外層線路完成後需再披覆絕緣的樹酯層來保護線路避免氧化及焊接短路,也就是以網版印刷、簾塗或靜電噴塗等技術將防焊漆20塗覆於基板10上,且防焊漆20的塗佈範圍會緊鄰覆蓋於至少一電鍍通孔12之周圍,也就是電鍍通孔12之孔環121之位置。在電鍍通孔12之周圍的防焊漆20也可能因為孔環121之電鍍銅離子層的厚度而略為凸出,如圖1B所示,但本發明並不限於此樣式。待基板10冷卻後送入紫外線曝光機中曝光,防焊漆20在底片透光區域受紫外線照射後會產生聚合反應,最後以碳酸鈉水溶液將塗膜上未受光照的區域顯影去除。最後再加以高溫烘烤使防焊漆20中的樹酯完全硬化。於本發明之一實施方式中,防焊漆20為綠色漆,但本發明並不限於此。藉由上述的流程,電鍍通孔12之周圍即可塗滿防焊漆20。
於本發明之一實施例中,係利用表面封裝技術(SMT)中的通孔印錫膏(Past-In-Hole,PIH)製程以安裝電路插件50(如圖3E)。所以當要裝設電路插件50時,會先將至少一電鍍通孔12塗抹一錫膏30。錫膏30包括助焊劑(flux)與錫粉(powder),可於加熱後融化,以將電路插件50焊接於基板10上。由於錫膏30內的助焊劑與錫粉成分及組成比例並非本發明之重點所在,故在此不再贅述。本發明可以進一步將金屬板40放置於基板10上,如圖1C所示,圖1C係本發明之金屬板之外觀示意圖。此金屬板40具有一矩形之開孔41,但本發明並不限於此形狀,也可為圓形或橢圓形。將金屬板40之開孔41對準電鍍通孔12時,就可以方便地大面積同時在金屬板40上塗抹錫膏30,再讓錫膏30經過開孔41而塗到電鍍通孔12內。由於電鍍通孔12之電鍍銅離子層可以能會沾附一些錫膏30,使得錫膏30附著於電鍍通孔12的側壁的量會減少,所以在本發明之實施方式中,電鍍通孔12之孔環121係塗上防焊漆20,讓錫膏30無法與孔環121上方之電鍍銅離子層做結合,也就是不會附著於防焊漆20的表面。藉此在防焊漆20緊鄰覆蓋於至少一電鍍通孔12之周圍,也就是防焊漆20覆蓋於孔環121的一部分的情況下,大部分的錫膏30會流到電鍍通孔12內而附著於電鍍通孔12的側壁。且防焊漆20的厚度使得透過金屬板40的錫膏30印刷量需增加,也可以增加附著於電鍍通孔12的側壁的機會。最後將電路插件50安裝於該至少一電鍍通孔12內,再進行一回流焊流程,以將電路插件50固定住,即可以完成印刷電路板1的製造。
接著請參考圖2係本發明之印刷電路板製程之方法之步驟流程圖及圖3A-3F係本發明之印刷電路板製程之剖面圖。此處需注意的是,以下雖以上述印刷電路板1為例說明本發明之印刷電路板製程之方法,但本發明之印刷電路板製程並不以使用在上述相同結構的印刷電路板1為限。
首先進行步驟201:提供一基板。
首先如圖3A,先提供可絕緣隔熱且無法彎曲之基板10。
接著進行步驟202:於該基板之一表面進行一佈線流程。
接著利用一負片轉印技術或一追加式轉印技術在基板10之表面11進行該佈線流程。
再進行步驟203:於該基板鑽孔以製成至少一電鍍通孔。
接著對基板10鑽孔,再利用化學溶液將銅離子還原沉積附著於孔壁上,形成通孔電路。再以硫酸銅浴電鍍的方式製成所需的電鍍通孔12。其中電鍍通孔12具有孔環121,該孔環121係位於該基板10之該表面11上。
接著會執行步驟204:塗佈一防焊漆於該基板之該表面,並使該防焊漆覆蓋於該孔環之至少一部分。
接著用網版印刷、簾塗、靜電噴塗等方式將液態防焊漆20塗覆於基板10上,再預烘乾燥。待防焊漆20冷卻後送入紫外線曝光機中曝光,防焊漆20在底片透光區域受紫外線照射後會產生聚合反應而被保留下,接著以碳酸鈉水溶液將塗膜上未受光照的區域顯影去除。最後再加以高溫烘烤使防焊漆20中的樹酯完全硬化。且與本發明中,電鍍通孔12的孔環121上一部分之防焊漆20也會保留下來,使防焊漆20可以緊貼於電鍍通孔12。
再執行步驟205:提供一金屬板。
接著如圖3B所示,提供金屬板40。於本發明之一實施例中,金屬板40可為鋼板,但本發明不限於此。金屬板40再配合電鍍通孔12的位置設置開孔41。
再進行步驟206:使該金屬板放置於該基板上,其中該開孔係對應該至少一電鍍通孔。
接著將金屬板40放置於基板10上,且將開孔對準電鍍通孔12。
執行步驟207:經由該開孔塗抹該錫膏到該至少一電鍍通孔。
如圖3C到3D所示,於金屬板40塗抹錫膏30,錫膏30就會經過開孔41而塗抹到電鍍通孔12內。由於防焊漆20不會沾附錫膏30,所以大部分的錫膏30會流到電鍍通孔12內的側壁上。
再進行步驟208:將一電路插件安裝於該至少一電鍍通孔內。
如圖3E所示,此時就將電路插件50安裝於至少一電鍍通孔12內,電路插件50會自然地沾黏到錫膏30。
最後進行步驟209:進行一回流焊流程。
最後如圖3F所示,執行回流焊流程,將基板10連同上面的電路插件50一起加熱讓錫膏30融化並冷卻後,就可以固定住電路插件50。
此處需注意的是,本發明之印刷電路板製程之方法並不以上述之步驟次序為限,只要能達成本發明之目的,上述之步驟次序亦可加以改變。
如此一來,就可以增加錫膏30於電鍍通孔12的量,不需要太多的錫膏30也可以將電鍍通孔12的內側壁覆蓋住,可以有效地節省成本。
需注意的是,上述實施方式僅例示本發明之較佳實施例,為避免贅述,並未詳加記載所有可能的變化組合。然而,本領域之通常知識者應可理解,上述各模組或元件未必皆為必要。且為實施本發明,亦可能包含其他較細節之習知模組或元件。各模組或元件皆可能視需求加以省略或修改,且任兩模組間未必不存在其他模組或元件。只要不脫離本發明基本架構者,皆應為本專利所主張之權利範圍,而應以專利申請範圍為準。
1‧‧‧印刷電路板
10‧‧‧基板
11‧‧‧表面
12‧‧‧電鍍通孔
121‧‧‧孔環
20‧‧‧防焊漆
30‧‧‧錫膏
40‧‧‧金屬板
41‧‧‧開孔
50‧‧‧電路插件
圖1A係本發明之印刷電路板之外觀示意圖。 圖1B係本發明之印刷電路板之部分剖視示意圖。 圖1C係本發明之金屬板之外觀示意圖。 圖2係本發明之印刷電路板製程之方法之步驟流程圖。 圖3A-3F係本發明之印刷電路板製程之剖面圖。

Claims (8)

  1. 一種印刷電路板製程之方法,包括以下步驟: 提供一基板; 於該基板之一表面進行一佈線流程; 於該基板鑽孔以製成至少一電鍍通孔,其中該至少一電鍍通孔具有一孔環,該孔環係位於該基板之該表面;以及 塗佈一防焊漆於該基板之該表面,並使該防焊漆覆蓋於該孔環之至少一部分。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之印刷電路板製程之方法,更包括以下步驟: 塗抹一錫膏到該至少一電鍍通孔; 將一電路插件安裝於該至少一電鍍通孔內;以及 進行一回流焊流程。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之印刷電路板製程之方法,更包括以下步驟: 提供一金屬板,該金屬板具有一開孔; 使該金屬板放置於該基板上,其中該開孔係對應該至少一電鍍通孔;以及 經由該開孔塗抹該錫膏到該至少一電鍍通孔。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之印刷電路板製程之方法,更包括利用一負片轉印技術或一追加式轉印技術進行該佈線流程之步驟。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之印刷電路板製程之方法,更包括利用一網版印刷技術、一簾塗技術或一靜電噴塗技術進行塗佈該防焊漆之步驟。
  6. 一種印刷電路板,該印刷電路板包括: 一基板,該基板具有一表面,該表面係執行一佈線程序,並於該基板鑽孔以製成至少一電鍍通孔,其中至少一電鍍通孔具有一孔環,該孔環係位於該基板之該表面;以及 一防焊漆,係塗佈於該基板之該表面,且覆蓋於該孔環之至少一部分。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之印刷電路板,其中該至少一電鍍通孔係塗抹一錫膏,藉以將一電路插件安裝於該至少一電鍍通孔內,再進行一回流焊流程。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之印刷電路板,其中該至少一電鍍通孔係利由一金屬板之一開孔來塗抹該錫膏。
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