TWI589352B - 二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑 - Google Patents
二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI589352B TWI589352B TW102124390A TW102124390A TWI589352B TW I589352 B TWI589352 B TW I589352B TW 102124390 A TW102124390 A TW 102124390A TW 102124390 A TW102124390 A TW 102124390A TW I589352 B TWI589352 B TW I589352B
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical group O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010399 physical interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003230 hygroscopic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本發明之第一方面係在於經改良二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,第二方面係在於使用此種經改良二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑之密封系統。
當前之密封系統的整個類別中,存在二氧化碳在因該二氧化碳與存在於該密封系統中之一或多種組分的化學相互作用造成的負面影響或物理相互作用的結果兩方面係有害的。受化學相互作用負面影響之系統的非限制性實例為有機電子裝置,而其中物理相互作用決定裝置劣化的後一種類型之裝置的實施通常為其中CO2係由系統本身之操作副效應所產生的裝置,且此現象可造成超壓及該裝置外殼因此而破裂。
此等類型之最重要裝置當中包括儲能系統,諸如可充電鋰電池,而CO2所產生的不利角色及風險描述於許多技術論文中,諸如Vetter等人之"In situ study on CO2 evolution at lithium-ion battery cathodes"(發表於Journal
of Power Sources 159(2006)277-281)、Kong之"Gas evolution behaviors for several cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries"(發表於Journal of Power Sources 142(2005)285-291)及Shin等人之"Effect of Li2CO3 additive on gas generation in lithium-ion batteries"(發表於Journal of Power Sources 109(2002)47-52)。
可充電鋰電池係最關鍵的裝置之一,原因係二氧化碳超壓可導致裝置外殼突然破裂,並具有可燃性物質(其中所含之電解質)洩漏的風險。此問題亦由該等裝置中之自由體積通常非常小,因而產生少量二氧化碳將導致該裝置內部壓力迅速上升的事實而強化。
下文中,即使如前文概述,許多不同密封系統均面臨CO2之存在及因此需要有效率移除彼的問題,有鑑於該特別關鍵方面,茲特別提及在此類型裝置中使用CO2吸氣劑系統。
移除鋰電池中氣態雜質的問題係於WO 2008/148778及WO 2008/148781中描述及解決,此二專利文件均以本申請人名義提出。該等文件中,主要解決之方面係吸氣劑材料與電池電解環境的相容性。該等文件中所述的問題之一係關於使用鹼金屬氫氧化物以移除CO2的同時釋放H2O,因此需要將該H2O移除以避免問題從二氧化碳轉移至H2O。此導致體型較大之系統或對於CO2有限量之系統,原因係吸濕劑需要佔用相當部分的可用容積。
本發明目的係提供經改良二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其包含界定內部體積V之CO2可穿透包封袋,該CO2可穿透包封袋含有第一及第二活性材料之粉末,該粉末的累積體積為Vm,該二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑之特徵在於該第一活性材料為氫氧化鋰而該第二活性材料為氧化鋰,且LiOH/Li2O莫耳比係介於0.05與1.5之間。
累積體積Vm意指在CO2可穿透包封袋所界定之內部體積V內所含的活性材料(氧化鋰及氫氧化鋰)粒子體積之總和。
在複合材料吸氣劑吸附速度較不重要的應用及反之需要較高CO2移除量的所有應用中之莫耳比較佳係介於0.05與0.2之間,然而介於0.2與0.7之間的比會提供介於最佳CO2吸附速度與CO2移除量之間的折衷解決方法,而當該比介於0.7與1.5之間時,吸氣劑之吸附速度係最佳化。
CO2可穿透包封袋意指材料的CO2穿透係數為至少50cm3*mm/(m2*day*atm),該值較佳等於或高於100。同時,CO2可穿透包封袋較佳係有效地展現不高於0.6g*mm/(m2*day)之水蒸汽透過率(MVTR)。
11,11',11"‧‧‧氧化鋰之粒子
12,12',12"‧‧‧氫氧化鋰之粒子
10,20‧‧‧複合材料CO2吸氣劑系統
本發明亦借助於以下圖式描述,該等圖式中:- 圖1顯示本發明CO2複合材料吸氣劑系統之第一具
體實例的橫斷面圖,- 圖2顯示本發明CO2複合材料吸氣劑系統之第二具體實例的橫斷面圖,- 圖3及4顯示根據本發明所製成之吸氣劑系統及非本發明所包含之解決方法所製成的吸氣劑系統之間的性能比較。
該等圖式中,所描述元件之尺寸及尺寸比(特別且非排他性參考該等活性材料粒子之尺寸)不正確而是已改變以改善其可閱讀性。
本發明人已發現使用本發明之經改良吸氣劑系統,存在吸濕劑(氧化鋰)根據以下反應於捕獲H2O之後變成CO2吸附劑的事實所提供之優點:Li2O+H2O → 2LiOH (I)
特別是氫氧化鋰係根據以下反應與二氧化碳反應:2LiOH+CO2 → Li2CO3+H2O (II)
上述反應(II)顯示基於需要相關吸濕劑而完成上述專利申請案WO 2008/148778及W02008/148781參考文獻。
本發明人意外且出乎預料地發現此種材料之組合亦需
要額外條件以成為有效CO2吸氣劑;特別是本發明之活性材料的新穎組合(即,結合過量氧化鋰之氫氧化鋰)應利用CO2可穿透包封袋而局限在比該密封裝置之體積小的體積內。此體積連同該CO2可穿透包封袋之特徵及行為,提供CO2捕獲(按照反應II)及將氧化鋰轉化為氫氧化鋰(按照反應I)的適當環境。
特別是有兩個主要的本發明二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑之具體實例。
在第一具體實例中,將氫氧化鋰及氧化鋰粉末混合在一起並置入例如藉由加熱而密封之CO2可穿透「小袋」。
在較佳解決方法中,活性材料體積Vm對吸氣劑系統內部體積V之比係在0.15與0.9之間。
在第二具體實例中,CO2複合材料吸氣劑包含以如前文所界定之正確比的氫氧化鋰與氧化鋰在適用聚合性黏合劑中之分散液,其係與按照前文提供之定義的CO2可穿透包封袋接觸。此情況下,該CO2可穿透包封袋雖然界定內部體積V,但其不完全環繞該聚合性黏合劑,即,少部分含有第一及第二活性材料的黏合劑不被該包封袋覆蓋。事實上,此情況中該黏合劑亦界定內部體積V。重要的是只有少部分該黏合劑不經該CO2可穿透包封袋覆蓋或塗覆,即,95%或更高之聚合性黏合劑表面係由該CO2可穿透包封袋包住。重要的是注意此情況中之內部體積係由覆蓋該黏合劑之至少95%表面積因此界定呈現小孔的內部體積之包封袋,以及具有代表內部體積之活性材料粉末的黏合劑
二者同等且充分地界定。
即使該CO2可穿透包封袋中之小孔係可容忍且不顯著損及複合材料吸氣劑的技術性特徵,按照呈粉末形式(無黏合劑)之活性材料的用途,此情況中較佳亦為具有封閉型包封袋。
在此具體實例中,裝填於聚合性黏合劑中之粉末水準確保存在兩種活性材料之粉末的最佳化「反應體積」,特別是當裝填至聚合性黏合劑之LiOH及Li2O粉末的整體裝填水準係介於20與60重量%之間,較佳係介於40與50重量%之間時,達成此條件。
因此,使用本發明之吸氣劑系統,用於移除H2O的額外元件實際上為CO2吸附劑的「前驅物」,形成對於使氫氧化鋰與一般濕氣移除材料結合之系統具有更高移除量的系統。同時,本發明之吸氣劑系統的結構為藉由提供良好移除量並結合適當反應動力學,提供合適的反應體積使CO2吸附特徵適於控制密封裝置內的壓力之結構。
應注意的是,此結果有時係整體藉由本發明之吸氣劑系統達成,事實上,已證實若將正確比之該等粉末或氫氧化鋰及氧化鋰只是混合在一起並置入用於測試之大體積中(模擬粉末係直接置於密封裝置中而無封閉性CO2可穿透包封袋的局限效果之狀況),該系統顯示可忽略移除量。
本發明之複合材料CO2吸氣劑系統10的橫斷面圖係示於圖1,顯示氧化鋰之粒子11,11',11"(白色圓圈)及氫氧化鋰之粒子12,12',12"(黑色圓圈),彼等係由CO2
可穿透包封袋14環繞。系統10呈形內部自由體積13(以白色表示)。
即使實際上且在最常見情況下氧化鋰粒子及氫氧化鋰粒子不為規則形,但彼等係以圓圈表示。同樣以規則及矩形描述吸氣劑系統10,但其可能為任何形狀,原因係本發明目的為含有封閉在界定體積V之適用包封袋中的兩種活性材料(氧化鋰及氫氧化鋰)之混合粉末的系統,其僅部分填充此等粉末。
圖2顯示另一具體實例複合材料吸氣劑系統20的橫斷面圖,其中與圖1所示之系統不同,氧化鋰粒子11,11',11"及氫氧化鋰粒子12,12',12"係分散在以灰色表示之聚合性黏合劑23中。
因此圖1及圖2所示之系統與美國專利3,684,712中所述者不同,美國專利3,684,712揭示由鹼金屬氧化物之殼環繞的氧化鋰之顆粒,該等差異在於材料性質(與氫氧化鋰有關之材料)及構造兩方面,原因係US 3,684,712揭示複合材料顆粒而非封閉在可穿透包封袋中之適用黏合劑中的分散液。
在根據本發明之兩個較佳具體實例中,所使用之粉末具有經常利用篩分操作來決定及控制的尺寸,且亦因該等粉末的幾何構形(非規則/球形)之故,此篩分操作確使所選擇及使用的所有粉末具有小於篩開口的最小尺寸。
在本發明中,對如此使用的兩種活性材料而言,經常使用最小尺寸大於1μm之粒子/粉末。在分散於聚合性黏
合劑中之吸氣劑粉末的情況(諸如圖2所示之具體實例)下,較佳粉末分布係介於1與250μm之間(粉末之最小尺寸),此使得更容易製造具有所希望厚度之系統。
關於預想使用聚合性黏合劑之具體實例,特別有利的是使用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或聚丙烯(PP)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、共聚物乙烯-辛烯、經順丁烯二酸酐改質之聚烯烴、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)、乙烯丙烯二烯單體(EPDM)、熱塑性彈性體(TPE)及其組合。
二氧化碳可穿透包封袋之厚度經常係介於5與500μm之間。應強調此種厚度代表平均值,原因係該包封袋(密封區)的特定點可呈現不同厚度(通常較大)。
含有該等粉末之黏合劑的厚度應介於50與400μm之間,及在任何情況下均不應小於所使用粉末之最小尺寸的至少1.5倍。
通常,與上列作為黏合劑之相同材料亦可用以製造兩個具體實例(自由粉末、聚合結合之粉末)的封閉性CO2可穿透包封袋,在特定更需要之應用(諸如在可充電鋰電池之情況)中,使用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)及聚丙烯(PP)為佳。
如前文概述,當使用本發明之複合材料吸氣劑系統並置於密封系統內時,介於氫氧化鋰與氧化鋰之間的比連續變化,愈接近該系統末端,前者變得愈佔多數。此連續變化對應於氫氧化鋰被二氧化碳消耗並按照反應(II)形成碳
酸鋰,同時氧化鋰按照反應(I)變成氫氧化鋰的事實。
因此必須評估、考慮及測定為「新鮮」吸氣劑系統(即,尚未曝露於高水準CO2(因此而消耗掉)之吸氣劑系統)的本發明之吸氣劑系統的LiOH/Li2O莫耳比。本發明之吸氣劑系統為當碳酸鋰之莫耳含量在氧化鋰與氫氧化鋰之總和中低於25%時展現氫氧化鋰與氧化鋰之間的正確比之吸氣劑系統。
本發明吸氣劑系統之較佳解決方法預想使用乾燥元件,其係藉由將吸濕劑在適用黏合劑(例如聚合基質)中之分散液來有利地製成。此進一步確保接近CO2吸氣劑系統使用期限結束時,無濕氣從該吸氣劑系統釋出。應強調的是此情況中添加之吸濕劑的量遠少於氫氧化鋰係與其他吸濕元件相關時的其他慣用系統。
特別是,以下吸氣劑系統之密封元件的構造是可行的:
- 吸濕劑粉末直接分散在外部包封袋中(1層系統)
- 吸濕劑粉末分散在CO2可穿透包封袋外部之額外層中(2層系統)
- 吸濕劑粉末分散在CO2可穿透包封袋外部且係利用其他聚合層屏蔽該裝置環境之額外層中(3層系統)。
用於移除H2O之適用材料為例如鹼土金屬氧化物,特別提及MgO、CaO及鋁矽酸鹽,諸如沸石。
本發明第二方面由密封系統組成,該密封系統含有經改良CO2複合材料吸氣劑,其包含具有內部體積V之CO2
可穿透包封袋,該CO2可穿透包封袋含有第一及第二活性材料,該密封系統之特徵在於該第一活性材料為氫氧化鋰而該第二活性材料為氧化鋰,且LiOH/Li2O莫耳比係低於1.5。
在較佳具體實例中,該等密封系統為儲能裝置,諸如可充電Li離子電池及超電容器。
在更佳具體實例中,該CO2吸氣劑系統含有介於5與500毫克之間的活性材料粉末,此數量亦可視密封系統之尺寸而較高及按比例增加,例如可充電Li離子電池或超電容器可大幅改變其內部體積,因此需要且可容納較大量吸氣劑材料。
茲借助以下非限制性實例進一步說明本發明。
實施例1
本發明之吸氣劑系統係藉由混合11.5毫克LiOH與34.5毫克Li2O粉末(最小尺寸小於100μm)並將之置入由厚度為10μm之HDPE所製成的CO2可穿透包封袋而製成。內部Vm/V比為0.25。
然後將此吸氣劑系統置入恆溫為25℃之Hiden微重量天平,藉由渦輪分子真空泵保持真空2小時以進行系統調理,然後曝露於1巴之CO2,並利用該微重量天平監測及記錄其重量增加。該測試之結果係示於圖3線1。
藉由將相同粉末混合直接置入該微量天平並重複該CO2曝露測試來重複相同測試。此條件模擬在該裝置中直
接使用成正確比之粉末,但不存在封閉性CO2可穿透包封袋(因此不存在其效應)。該測試之結果係示於圖3線2。
該等資料之比較顯示粉末的混合物相對於使用完全相同比之完全相同材料組成的本發明吸氣劑系統具有幾乎可忽略不計的CO2吸附量。
實施例2
在此例中,在擠壓機中製造LiOH+Li2O於HDPE中之47重量%分散液。根據本發明之樣本係藉由將53.5mg且尺寸為1×1.5cm×230μm之擠壓樣本封閉在10μm厚之HDPE包封袋中,並按照實施例1般監測及記錄其在CO2曝露後的重量增加。該測試之結果係示於圖4虛線3。
類似地,按照先前實驗製造並測試樣本,但此例中該樣本不具有CO2可穿透封閉性包封袋。該測試之結果係示於圖4連續線4。
此測試顯示藉由添加聚合性包封袋,移除之CO2量增加對應於10重量%增加。
11,11',11"‧‧‧氧化鋰之粒子
12,12',12"‧‧‧氫氧化鋰之粒子
14‧‧‧包封袋
20‧‧‧複合材料CO2吸氣劑系統
23‧‧‧聚合性黏合劑
Claims (23)
- 一種二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其包含界定內部體積V之CO2可穿透包封袋,該CO2可穿透包封袋含有第一及第二活性材料之粉末,該粉末的累積體積為Vm;該二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑之特徵在於該第一活性材料為氫氧化鋰而該第二活性材料為氧化鋰,且LiOH/Li2O莫耳比係介於0.05與1.5之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該等活性材料係呈自由粉末形式,且Vm與V之間的比係介於0.15與0.9之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該等粉末之尺寸係介於1和250μm之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該CO2可穿透包封袋所具有之CO2穿透係數為至少50cm3*mm/(m2*day*atm)。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該CO2可穿透包封袋所具有之CO2穿透係數係高於100cm3*mm/(m2*day*atm)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該CO2可穿透包封袋展現不高於0.6g*mm/(m2*day)之水蒸汽透過率。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該CO2可穿透包封袋係以選自以下之材料所製成:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚丙烯(PP)、低密度聚乙烯 (LDPE)、共聚物乙烯-辛烯、經順丁烯二酸酐改質之聚烯烴、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)、乙烯丙烯二烯單體(EPDM)、熱塑性彈性體(TPE)及其組合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該CO2可穿透包封袋(14)具有介於5與500μm之間的厚度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其另外包含配置在該CO2可穿透包封袋外部的吸濕劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該吸濕劑包含在濕氣去除材料之聚合物基質中的分散液。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該濕氣去除材料之聚合物基質包含鹼土金屬氧化物與鋁矽酸鹽中之一或多者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該等活性材料的粉末係分散在聚合性黏合劑中。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該聚合性黏合劑係選自高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚丙烯(PP)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、共聚物乙烯-辛烯、經順丁烯二酸酐改質之聚烯烴、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)、乙烯丙烯二烯單體(EPDM)、熱塑性彈性體(TPE)及其組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該聚合性黏合劑中之該活性材料粉末的含量係介於20與60重量%之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第14項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該聚合性黏合劑中之該活性材料粉末的含量係介於40與50重量%之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該含有粉末的黏合劑之厚度係介於50與400μm之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該活性材料粉末之量係介於5與500毫克之間。
- 一種密封系統,其包含如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之密封系統,其中該系統為儲能裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第19項之密封系統,其中該儲能裝置為可充電Li離子電池或超電容器。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該LiOH/Li2O莫耳比係介於0.05與0.2之間以達CO2移除量。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣劑,其中該LiOH/Li2O莫耳比介於0.7與1.5之間以達吸附速度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之二氧化碳複合材料吸氣 劑,其中該LiOH/Li2O莫耳比係介於0.2與0.7之間以達CO2移除量與吸附速度之間的折衷。
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IT001207A ITMI20121207A1 (it) | 2012-07-11 | 2012-07-11 | Getter composito per biossido di carbonio |
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CN (1) | CN104394961B (zh) |
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ITMI20132216A1 (it) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-01 | Getters Spa | Getter composito per biossido di carbonio |
AU2015360385A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2017-07-06 | Viking Power Systems Pte. Ltd. | Electrochemical cell and method of making the same |
AU2017308212A1 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-02-21 | Viking Power Systems Pte. Ltd. | Additive containing electrolytes for high energy rechargeable metal anode batteries |
US10486103B2 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-11-26 | General Electric Company | Using lithium hydroxide to scrub carbon dioxide from gas turbine |
EP3555519A4 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2020-08-19 | Whirlpool Corporation | GETTER ACTIVATION UNDER VACUUM |
WO2019027925A1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-07 | Pellion Technologies | ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL WITH GETTER AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME |
WO2019126360A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Pellion Technologies Inc. | Electrochemical cell and electrolyte for same |
US11196088B2 (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2021-12-07 | Ses Holdings Pte. Ltd. | Localized high-salt-concentration electrolytes containing longer-sidechain glyme-based solvents and fluorinated diluents, and uses thereof |
CN112331813A (zh) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-02-05 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种提升锂离子电池安全性的负极片及其制备方法和用途 |
CN112316652B (zh) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-11-23 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 气体吸附构件及锂离子电池 |
CN116371143B (zh) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-08-15 | 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 | 气相有害物质处理构件及制备方法、储能装置及用电设备 |
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JP2015530226A (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
KR20150028963A (ko) | 2015-03-17 |
CN104394961B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
US9114382B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
WO2014009855A3 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
JP6100895B2 (ja) | 2017-03-22 |
TW201417880A (zh) | 2014-05-16 |
WO2014009855A2 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
EP2800620A2 (en) | 2014-11-12 |
ITMI20121207A1 (it) | 2014-01-12 |
US20150017489A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
EP2800620B1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
CN104394961A (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
KR101895109B1 (ko) | 2018-09-04 |
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