TWI570706B - 個人音訊裝置中之一適應性雜訊消除器之監督控制 - Google Patents

個人音訊裝置中之一適應性雜訊消除器之監督控制 Download PDF

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TWI570706B
TWI570706B TW100144467A TW100144467A TWI570706B TW I570706 B TWI570706 B TW I570706B TW 100144467 A TW100144467 A TW 100144467A TW 100144467 A TW100144467 A TW 100144467A TW I570706 B TWI570706 B TW I570706B
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adaptive filter
signal
audio
response
processing circuit
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TW201237846A (en
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強Ｄ 漢追克斯
艾多拉札德 米拉尼
尼汀 夸特拉
周大勇
盧洋
傑弗瑞 奧德森
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卷藤邏輯公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17855—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices for improving speed or power requirements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1783—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions
    • G10K11/17833—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions by using a self-diagnostic function or a malfunction prevention function, e.g. detecting abnormal output levels
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
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    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17885—General system configurations additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3017—Copy, i.e. whereby an estimated transfer function in one functional block is copied to another block
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3045—Multiple acoustic inputs, single acoustic output
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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    • G10K2210/321—Physical
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    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G10K2210/504—Calibration
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    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Description

個人音訊裝置中之一適應性雜訊消除器之監督控制
本發明大致係關於個人音訊裝置，諸如包含適應性雜訊消除(ANC)之無線電話且更具體言之係關於在各種操作狀況下個人音訊裝置中的ANC之管理。
無線電話諸如行動電話/蜂巢式電話、無繩電話及其他消費性音訊裝置諸如mp3播放器應用廣泛。可藉由使用麥克風量測周圍聲事件及隨後使用信號處理將抗雜訊信號插入至裝置之輸出中以消除周圍聲事件提供雜訊消除而改良此等裝置在清晰度方面之效能。
由於圍繞個人音訊裝置諸如無線電話之聲環境取決於所存在的雜訊源及裝置本身的位置可能發生極大變化，故需調適雜訊消除以考慮此等環境變化。但是，適應性雜訊消除電路可能係複雜的；消耗額外電力且在特定情況下可能產生非所要之結果。
因此，需提供一種在可變聲環境中提供雜訊消除之個人音訊裝置，包含無線電話。
以一個人音訊裝置、一操作方法及一積體電路完成提供在可變聲環境中提供雜訊消除之個人音訊裝置之上述目的。
個人音訊裝置包含一外殼，一傳感器安裝在外殼上用於重現包含用於對聽者播放之源音訊及用於對抗周圍音訊聲在傳感器之聲輸出中的影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者之音訊信號，該傳感器可包含積體電路以提供適應性雜訊消除(ANC)功能性。該方法為個人音訊裝置及積體電路之操作方法。一參考麥克風安裝在外殼上以提供指示周圍音訊聲之參考麥克風信號。個人音訊裝置進一步包含外殼內之一ANC處理電路，該ANC處理電路使用一或多個適應性濾波器適應性地從參考麥克風信號產生抗雜訊信號使得抗雜訊信號導致周圍音訊聲之顯著消除。包含一誤差麥克風用於控制抗雜訊信號之調適以消除周圍音訊聲及用於糾正從處理電路之輸出穿過傳感器之電聲路徑。
藉由分析接收自參考麥克風及誤差麥克風的音訊，可根據所存在的周圍音訊之類型控制ANC處理電路。在特定情況下，ANC處理電路可能無法產生導致周圍音訊聲之有效消除之抗雜訊信號，例如傳感器無法生產此一回應或無法判定合適的抗雜訊。特定狀況亦可能導致(該等)適應性濾波器展現混亂或其他不受控表現。本發明之ANC處理電路偵測此等狀況並對(該等)適應性濾波器採取行動以減小此等事件之影響及防止產生錯誤的抗雜訊信號。
如隨附圖式所示，可更特定言之從本發明之較佳實施例之下列描述中瞭解本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點。
本發明涵蓋雜訊消除技術及可在一個人音訊裝置諸如一無線電話中實施之電路。個人音訊裝置包含一適應性雜訊消除(ANC)電路，該適應性雜訊消除(ANC)電路量測周圍聲環境並產生注入揚聲器(或其他傳感器)輸出中以消除周圍聲事件之一信號。提供一參考麥克風以量測周圍聲環境且包含一誤差麥克風用於控制抗雜訊信號之調適以消除周圍音訊聲及用於糾正從處理電路之輸出穿過傳感器之電聲路徑。但是，在特定聲狀況下，例如當一特定聲狀況或事件發生時，ANC電路可能不當地操作或以不穩定/混亂方式操作。本發明提供用於防止及/或使此等狀況之影響最小化之機構。
現參考圖1，根據本發明之一實施例所示之一無線電話10係展示為鄰近一人耳部5。所示之無線電話10係可採用根據本發明之實施例之技術之一裝置之一實例，但是應瞭解並非需要所示之無線電話10或後續圖解中所描繪之電路中所體現的元件或組態之所有以實踐申請專利範圍中所述之本發明。無線電話10包含一傳感器，諸如揚聲器SPKR，其重現無線電話10所接收之遠端語音連同其他本端音訊事件諸如鈴聲、所儲存之音訊節目材料、近端語音(即無線電話10之使用者之語音)之注入以提供平衡的會話感知及需藉由無線電話10重現之其他音訊，諸如來自網頁的源或無線電話10所接收之其他網路通信及音訊指示，諸如電池低及其他系統事件通告。提供一近端語音麥克風NS以捕捉近端語音，該近端語音從無線電話10傳輸至(諸)其他會話參與者。
無線電話10包含適應性雜訊消除(ANC)電路及特徵，其等將抗雜訊信號注入至揚聲器SPKR中以改良遠端語音及揚聲器SPKR所重現之其他音訊之清晰度。一參考麥克風R係提供用於量測周圍聲環境且係定位為遠離使用者的嘴部之典型位置使得近端語音在參考麥克風R所產生之信號中最小化。提供一第三麥克風(誤差麥克風E)以藉由當無線電話10緊鄰耳部5時提供周圍音訊與靠近耳部5之揚聲器SPKR所重現之音訊之組合之量測而進一步改良ANC操作。無線電話10內之例示性電路14包含一音訊CODEC積體電路20，該音訊CODEC積體電路20接收來自參考麥克風R、近端語音麥克風NS及誤差麥克風E之信號並與其他積體電路諸如含有無線電話收發器之RF積體電路12介接。在本發明之其他實施例中，本文所揭示之電路及技術可併入一單個積體電路，該單個集體電路含有用於實施整個個人音訊裝置，諸如MP3播放器單晶片積體電路之控制電路及其他功能性。
一般而言，本發明之ANC技術量測撞擊在參考麥克風R上之環境聲事件(與揚聲器SPKR及/或近端語音之輸出相反)且亦藉由量測撞擊在誤差麥克風E上之相同環境聲事件，所示之無線電話10之ANC處理電路調適從參考麥克風R之輸出產生之一抗雜訊信號為具有使誤差麥克風E上之環境聲事件之振幅最小化之一特性。由於聲路徑P(z)從參考麥克風R延伸至誤差麥克風E，故ANC電路實質上估計聲路徑P(z)結合移除電聲路徑S(z)之影響，該電聲路徑S(z)代表CODEC IC 20之音訊輸出電路之回應及揚聲器SPKR之聲/電轉移函數(包含特定聲環境中揚聲器SPKR與誤差麥克風E之間之耦合)，其受耳部5及其他實物之近接性及結構及當無線電話未牢固地壓至耳部5時可能鄰近無線電話10之其他實物及人頭部結構影響。雖然所示之無線電話10包含具有一第三近端語音麥克風NS之一雙麥克風ANC系統，但是本發明之一些態樣可實踐為不包含單獨誤差麥克風及參考麥克風之一系統，或一無線電話使用近端語音麥克風NS以執行參考麥克風R之功能。此外，在僅設計用於音訊播放之個人音訊裝置中，通常不包含近端語音麥克風NS且在不改變本發明之範疇的情況下可省略下文更詳細描述之電路中之近端語音信號路徑，而非將針對輸入而提供之選項限於涵蓋偵測方案之麥克風。
現參考圖2，無線電話10內之電路係以一方塊圖展示。CODEC積體電路20包含：一類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)21A，其係用於接收參考麥克風信號及產生參考麥克風信號之數位表示ref；一ADC 21B，其係用於接收誤差麥克風信號及產生誤差麥克風信號之一數位表示err；及一ADC 21C，其係用於接收近端語音麥克風信號及產生誤差麥克風信號之一數位表示ns。CODEC IC 20從一放大器A1產生用於驅動揚聲器SPKR之一輸出，該放大器A1放大接收一組合器26之輸出之一數位轉類比轉換器(DAC)23之輸出。組合器26組合來自內部音訊源24之音訊信號、ANC電路30所產生之抗雜訊信號(其習知具有與參考麥克風信號ref中之雜訊相同之極性且因此被組合器26減除)、近端語音信號ns之一部分使得無線電話10之使用者聽到其自己與下行鏈路語音ds成適當關係之聲音，該下行鏈路語音ds係接收自射頻(RF)積體電路22且亦被組合器26組合。近端語音信號ns亦提供至RF積體電路22且作為上行鏈路語音經由天線ANT傳輸給服務提供者。
現參考圖3，根據本發明之一實施例展示ANC電路30之細節。適應性濾波器32接收參考麥克風信號ref且在理想情況下調適器轉移函數W(z)為P(z)/S(z)以產生抗雜訊信號，該抗雜訊信號提供至一輸出組合器，如圖2之組合器26所例示，該輸出組合器組合抗雜訊信號與將藉由傳感器重現之音訊。當預期抗雜訊信號錯誤或無效時，靜音閘電路G1在如下文進一步描述之特定狀況下使抗雜訊信號靜音。根據本發明之一些實施例，另一閘電路G2控制將抗雜訊信號重新定向至一組合器36B中，該組合器36B提供輸入信號至第二路徑適應性濾波器34A，其在於如下描述之特定周圍聲狀況期間使抗雜訊信號靜音的同時允許W(z)繼續調適。藉由一W係數控制塊31控制適應性濾波器32之係數，該W係數控制塊31使用兩個信號之相關性判定適應性濾波器32之回應，該適應性濾波器32通常在最小均方意義上使誤差麥克風信號err中所存在之參考麥克風信號ref之該等分量之間之誤差最小化。藉由W係數控制塊31比較之信號為如藉由濾波器34B所提供之路徑S(z)之回應之估計之一複本而塑形之參考麥克風信號ref及包含誤差麥克風信號err之另一信號。藉由用路徑S(z)之回應之估計之一複本SECOPY(z)變換參考麥克風信號ref及使所得信號與誤差麥克風信號err之間的差異最小化，適應性濾波器32調適為P(z)/S(z)之所要回應。除誤差麥克風信號err以外，藉由W係數控制塊31與濾波器34B之輸出作比較之信號亦包含已藉由濾波器回應SE(z)處理之相反數量之下行鏈路音訊信號ds，其中回應SECOPY(z)為一複本。藉由注入相反數量之下行鏈路音訊信號ds，防止適應性濾波器32調適為誤差麥克風信號err中所存在之相對大量下行鏈路音訊且藉由用路徑S(z)之回應之估計變換下行鏈路音訊信號ds之該反複本，在比較前從誤差麥克風信號err移除的下行鏈路音訊應與誤差麥克風信號err上重現之下行鏈路音訊信號ds之預期版本匹配，因為S(z)之電路徑及聲路徑為下行鏈路音訊信號ds到達誤差麥克風E所採用的路徑。濾波器34B本身並非一適應性濾波器，但是具有經調諧以匹配適應性濾波器34A之回應之一可調整回應，使得濾波器34B之回應追蹤適應性濾波器34A之調適。
為了實施上述內容，適應性濾波器34A具有由SE係數控制塊33控制之係數，該SE係數控制塊33在上述經過濾之下行鏈路音訊信號ds移除後比較下行鏈路音訊信號ds與誤差麥克風信號err，該下行鏈路音訊信號ds已藉由適應性濾波器34A過濾以代表遞送至誤差麥克風E之預期下行鏈路音訊且藉由一組合器36A從適應性濾波器34A之輸出移除。SE係數控制塊33使實際下行鏈路語音信號ds與誤差麥克風信號err中所存在的下行鏈路音訊信號ds之分量相關聯。適應性濾波器34A藉此經調適以從下行鏈路音訊信號dS產生一信號(且視需要在上述靜音狀況期間藉由組合器36B組合之抗雜訊信號)，該信號在從誤差麥克風信號err減除時含有並非歸因於下行鏈路音訊信號ds之誤差麥克風信號err之內容。如下文更詳細之揭示，事件偵測39及監督控制邏輯38回應於與本發明之各種實施例一致之各種事件執行各種行動。
下表I描繪在圖1之無線電話10之環境中可能發生的周圍音訊事件或狀況、隨ANC操作出現之問題及當偵測到特定周圍事件或狀況時ANC處理電路所採取的回應之列表。
如圖3所示，W係數控制塊31提供係數資訊至一計算塊37，該計算塊37計算使適應性濾波器32之回應塑形之係數Wn(z)之量值之總和Σ|Wn(z)|之時間導數，該回應為適應性濾波器32之回應之總變化增益之指示。總和Σ|Wn(z)|之大的變化指示諸如吹到參考麥克風R上的風所產生之機械雜訊或無線電話10之外殼上之變化的機械接觸(例如刮擦)或其他狀況諸如在系統中使用太大且導致不穩定操作之一調適步進大小。比較器K1比較總和Σ|Wn(z)|之時間導數與一臨限值以對機械雜訊狀況之監督控制38提供近端語音信號ns之能量是否存在大變化(其可指示總和Σ|Wn(z)|之變化係歸因於無線電話10上所存在之近端語音能量之變化)之一指示，該指示可藉由事件偵測39之偵測而獲得。
現參考圖4，展示根據本發明之一實施例之圖3之事件偵測電路39內之細節。參考麥克風信號ref、誤差麥克風信號err、近端語音信號ns及下行鏈路語音ds之各者係分別提供至對應FFT處理塊60A至60D。對應音調偵測器62A至62D接收來自其等對應FFT處理塊60A至60D之輸出並產生指示輸入信號之頻譜中持續輪廓分明之峰(其指示音調之存在)之存在或不存在之旗標(tone_ref、tone_err、tone_ns及tone_ds)。音調偵測器62A至62D亦提供所偵測之音調之頻率之指示(freq_ref、freq_err、freq_ns及freq_ds)。參考麥克風信號ref、誤差麥克風信號err、近端語音信號ns及下行鏈路語音ds之各者亦分別提供至對應位準偵測器64A至64D，該等位準偵測器64A至64D在對應輸入信號位準之位準降至低於預定下限時產生一指示(ref_low、err_low、ns_low、ds_low)且在對應輸入信號超過一預定上限時產生另一指示(ref_hi、err_hi、ns_hi、ds_hi)。使用事件偵測器39所產生之資訊，監督控制38可判定是否存在強音調，包含歸因於可能由在傳感器與參考麥克風ref之間將手合為杯狀所導致之傳感器與參考麥克風ref之間的正回饋之嘯聲並在ANC處理電路內採取適當行動。藉由判定在麥克風輸入端之各者上存在音調(即tone_ref、tone_err及tone_ns均設定)；音調之頻率皆相等(freq_ref=freq_err=freq_ns)及在誤差麥克風通道err中音調之基本頻段(bin)之頻段之位準比在參考麥克風通道ref及語音通道ns中大出對應臨限值，及err_freq值不等於ds_freq(其將指示音調來自下行鏈路語音ds且應被重現)而偵測嘯聲。監督控制38亦可辨別可能存在的其他類型之音調並採取其他行動。監督控制38亦監控參考麥克風信號位準指示(ref_low及ref_hi)以判定過載雜訊是否存在或周圍環境是否靜默；監控近端語音位準指示ns_hi(其指示存在近端語音)及下行鏈路音訊位準指示ds_low以判定下行鏈路音訊是否不存在。上列狀況之各者對應於表I中之一列且如所列示當偵測到特定狀況時監督控制採取適當行動。
現參考圖5，圖解說明根據本發明之一實施例之一監督控制演算法。若判定濾波器回應W(z)之調適即濾波器回應W(z)之值之控制不穩定(決定70)，則使抗雜訊靜音並重設濾波器回應W(z)及凍結濾波器回應W(z)使其不進行進一步調適(步驟71)。亦視需要重設回應SE(z)及凍結回應SE(z)。或者，如上所述，可將抗雜訊信號重新定向至適應性濾波器34A中而非凍結回應W(z)之調適。若偵測到音調(決定72)且指示正回饋嘯聲狀況(決定73)，則使抗雜訊靜音；凍結回應W(z)及SE(z)使其不進行進一步調適；重設回應W(z)且亦視需要重設回應SE(z)(步驟75)。採用等待超時且可針對後續反覆延長等待超時(步驟76)。否則，若偵測到音調(決定72)且未指示嘯聲狀況(決定73)，則凍結回應W(z)(步驟74)。若參考麥克風位準低(ref_low設定)(決定77)，則使抗雜訊靜音且凍結回應W(z)使其不進行進一步調適(步驟78)。若參考麥克風位準高(ref_hi設定)(決定79)，則凍結回應W(z)使其不進行進一步調適或增大適應性濾波器之洩漏(步驟78)。下文參考圖6描述並列適應性濾波器配置中之洩漏。若參考麥克風通道ref之位準太高(ref_hi設定)(決定79)，則凍結回應W(z)及SE(z)使其等不進行進一步調適且視需要使抗雜訊信號靜音(步驟80)。若偵測到近端語音(ns_high設定)(決定81)，則凍結回應W(z)使其不進行進一步調適或則增大洩漏量(步驟82)。若下行鏈路音訊ds位準低(ds_low設定)，則凍結回應SE(z)使其不進行進一步調適(步驟84)，因為不存在回應SE(z)可訓練之下行鏈路音訊信號。直至ANC處理終止(步驟85)，才以一額外延遲86重複步驟70至85中之處理程序，該延遲允許行動有時間對圖5所示之演算法所偵測到的非所要狀況作出反應且在一些情況中停止圖5所示之演算法所偵測到的非所要狀況。
現參考圖6，展示ANC系統之一方塊圖以圖解說明如可能在CODEC積體電路20內實施之根據本發明之一實施例之ANC技術。藉由一ΔΣADC 41A產生參考麥克風信號ref，該ΔΣADC 41A以64倍超取樣操作且其輸出藉由一整數倍降低取樣器(decimator)42A整數倍降低取樣兩倍以產生32倍超取樣信號。一ΔΣ塑形器43A在頻帶外散佈影像之能量，其中一並列對之濾波器級44A及44B之所得回應將具有顯著回應。濾波器級44B具有一固定回應WFIXED(z)，該固定回應WFIXED(z)通常經預定以提供針對一典型使用者之無線電話10之特定設計之P(z)/S(z)之估計下之起始點。藉由適應性濾波器級44A提供P(z)/S(z)之估計之回應之適應性部分WADAPT(z)，該適應性濾波器級44A係藉由洩漏最小均方(LMS)係數控制器54A控制。當未提供誤差輸入導致洩漏LMS係數控制器54A調適時，洩漏LMS係數控制器54A洩漏，此係因為回應隨時間而正規化為平坦或另外預定之回應。提供一洩漏控制器防止在特定環境狀況下可能出現的長期不穩定且一般使系統針對ANC回應之特定敏感性方面更穩健。一例示性洩漏控制方程式給定為：
Wk+1=(1-Γ).Wk+μ.ek.Xk
其中μ=2-normalized_stepsize且normalized_stepsize為控制各增量k之間之步進之一控制值，Γ=2-normalized_stepsize，其中normalized_stepsize為判定洩漏量之一控制值，ek為誤差信號之量值，Xk為參考麥克風信號ref之量值，Wk為濾波器44A之振幅回應之起始量值且Wk+1為濾波器44A之振幅回應之量值之更新值。如上所述，當偵測到近端語音時可執行增大LMS係數控制器54A之洩漏，使得最終從固定回應產生抗雜訊信號，直至近端語音結束且適應性濾波器可再次調適以消除聽者耳部處的周圍環境。
在圖6所描繪之系統中，藉由路徑S(z)之回應之估計之複本SECOPY(z)；藉由具有回應SECOPY(z)之一濾波器51過濾參考麥克風信號，該濾波器51之輸出藉由一整數倍降低取樣器52A整數倍降低取樣32倍以產生一基頻音訊信號，該基頻音訊信號經由一無限脈衝回應(IIR)濾波器53A提供至洩漏LMS 54A。濾波器51本身並非一適應性濾波器，但是具有經調諧以匹配濾波器55A與55B之組合回應之一可調整回應，使得濾波器51之回應追蹤SE(z)之調適。藉由一ΔΣADC 41C產生誤差麥克風信號err，該ΔΣADC 41C以64倍超取樣操作且其輸出藉由一整數倍降低取樣器42B整數倍降低取樣兩倍以產生32倍超取樣信號。如圖3之系統中，藉由一組合器46C將已藉由一適應性濾波器過濾以施加回應S(z)之一數量之下行鏈路音訊ds從誤差麥克風信號err移除，該組合器46C之輸出藉由一整數倍降低取樣器52C整數倍降低取樣32倍以產生一基頻音訊信號，該基頻音訊信號經由一無限脈衝回應(IIR)濾波器53B提供至洩漏LMS 54A。藉由另一並列組之濾波器級55A及55B產生回應S(z)，其中一濾波器級55B具有固定回應SEFIXED(z)且其中另一濾波器級55A具有藉由洩漏LMS係數控制器54B控制之一適應性回應SEADAPT(z)。藉由一組合器46E組合濾波器級55A與55B之輸出。類似於上述濾波器回應W(z)之實施方案，回應SEFIXED(z)通常為已知在各種操作狀況下針對電/聲路徑S(z)提供合適起始點之一預定回應。濾波器51為適應性濾波器55A/55B之一複本，但本身並非一適應性濾波器，即濾波器51不單獨回應於其自身之輸出而調適且濾波器51可用一單級或雙級實施。在圖6之系統中提供一單獨控制值以控制濾波器51之回應，該濾波器51係展示為單個適應性濾波器級。但是，濾波器51或可用兩個並列級實施且用於控制適應性濾波器級55A之相同控制值隨後可用於控制濾波器51之實施方案中之可調整濾波器部分。至洩漏LMS控制塊54B之輸入亦為基頻，該輸入係藉由整數倍降低取樣達32倍之一整數倍降低取樣器52B使由一組合器46H產生之下行鏈路音訊信號ds及內部音訊ia之組合整數倍降低取樣而提供，且另一輸入係使藉由一組合器46C之輸出整數倍降低取樣而提供，該組合器46C之輸出已移除從藉由另一組合器46E組合之適應性濾波器級55A及濾波器級55B之組合輸出產生之信號。組合器46C之輸出代表移除歸因於下行鏈路音訊信號ds之分量之誤差麥克風信號err，該誤差麥克風信號err在藉由整數倍降低取樣器52C整數倍降低取樣後提供至LMS控制塊54B。至LMS控制塊54B之另一輸入係整數倍降低取樣器52B所產生之基頻信號。
基頻及超取樣發信號之上述配置提供控制之簡化及適應性控制塊諸如洩漏LMS控制器54A及54B中所消耗之電力之減小，同時提供藉由在超取樣速率下實施適應性濾波器級44A至44B、55A至55B及濾波器51而賦予之分接頭靈活性。圖6之系統之其餘部分包含組合器46H，該組合器46H將下行鏈路音訊ds與內部音訊ia組合，該組合器46H之輸出被提供至一組合器46D之輸入，該組合器46D添加已藉由ΣΔADC 41B產生並藉由側音衰減器56過濾之近端麥克風信號ns之一部分以防止回饋狀況。組合器46D之輸出係藉由ΣΔ塑形器43B塑形，該ΣΔ塑形器43B提供輸入至已塑形以偏移影像至頻帶之外之濾波器級55A及55B，其中濾波器級55A及55B將具有顯著回應。
根據本發明之一實施例，組合器46D之輸出亦與已藉由控制鏈處理之適應性濾波器級44A至44B之輸出組合，該控制鏈包含針對濾波器級之各者之對應硬靜音塊45A、45B、組合硬靜音塊45A、45B之輸出之一組合器46A，一軟靜音器47及隨後一軟限制器48以產生藉由一組合器46B用組合器46D之源音訊輸出減除之抗雜訊信號。組合器46B之輸出藉由一內插器49插入兩倍且隨後藉由在64x超取樣速率下操作之ΣΔDAC 50重現。DAC 50之輸出被提供至放大器A1，該放大器A1產生遞送至揚聲器SPKR之信號。
圖6之系統以及圖2及圖3之例示性電路中之元件之各者或一些可直接實施為邏輯或藉由一處理器諸如執行程式指令之數位信號處理(DSP)核心實施，該等程式指令執行諸如適應性濾波及LMS係數計算之操作。雖然DAC及ADC級通常用專用混合信號電路實施，但是本發明之ANC系統之架構通常適用於混合方式，其中舉例而言邏輯可用於設計之高度超取樣區段，同時選擇程式碼或微程式碼驅動之處理元件用於較複雜但是較低速率之操作，諸如計算適應性濾波器之分接頭及/或回應所偵測之事件諸如本文所述之事件。
雖然已特別參考本發明之較佳實施例展示及描述本發明，但是熟習此項技術者瞭解可在不脫離本發明之精神及範疇的情況下在其中進行上述及其他形式及細節之變化。
5．．．耳部
10．．．無線電話
12．．．射頻(RF)積體電路
14．．．電路
20．．．CODEC積體電路
21A．．．類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)
21B．．．類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)
21C．．．類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)
22．．．射頻(RF)積體電路
23．．．數位轉類比轉換器(DAC)
24．．．內部音訊源
26．．．組合器
30．．．適應性雜訊消除(ANC)電路
31．．．W係數控制塊
32．．．適應性濾波器
33．．．SE係數控制塊
34A．．．第二路徑適應性濾波器
34B．．．濾波器
36B．．．組合器
37．．．計算塊
38．．．監督控制
39．．．事件偵測
41A．．．ΔΣ類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)
41B．．．ΔΣ類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)
41C．．．ΔΣ類比轉數位轉換器(ADC)
42A．．．整數倍降低取樣器
42B．．．整數倍降低取樣器
43A．．．ΣΔ塑形器
43B．．．ΣΔ塑形器
44A．．．濾波器級
44B．．．濾波器級
45A．．．硬靜音塊
45B．．．硬靜音塊
46A．．．組合器
46B．．．組合器
46C．．．組合器
46D．．．組合器
46E．．．組合器
46H．．．組合器
47．．．軟靜音器
48．．．軟限制器
49．．．內插器
50．．．ΣΔ數位轉類比轉換器(DAC)
51．．．濾波器
52A．．．整數倍降低取樣器
52B．．．整數倍降低取樣器
52C．．．整數倍降低取樣器
53A．．．無限脈衝回應(IIR)濾波器
53B．．．無限脈衝回應(IIR)濾波器
54A．．．洩漏最小均方(LMS)係數控制器
54B．．．洩漏最小均方(LMS)係數控制器
55A．．．濾波器級
55B．．．濾波器級
56．．．側音衰減器
60A．．．FFT處理塊
60B．．．FFT處理塊
60C．．．FFT處理塊
60D．．．FFT處理塊
62A．．．音調偵測器
62B．．．音調偵測器
62C．．．音調偵測器
62D．．．音調偵測器
64A．．．位準偵測器
64B．．．位準偵測器
64C．．．位準偵測器
64D．．．位準偵測器
A1．．．放大器
ANT．．．天線
ds．．．下行鏈路音訊信號
ds_hi．．．位準指示
ds_low．．．位準指示
E．．．誤差麥克風
err．．．誤差麥克風信號
err_hi．．．位準指示
err_low．．．位準指示
freq_ds．．．頻率指示
freq_err．．．頻率指示
freq_ns．．．頻率指示
freq_ref．．．頻率指示
G1．．．靜音閘電路
G2．．．另一閘電路
ia．．．內部音訊
K1．．．比較器
ns．．．近端語音信號
NS．．．近端語音麥克風
ns_hi．．．位準指示
ns_low．．．位準指示
one_ds．．．旗標
P(z)．．．聲路徑
R．．．參考麥克風
ref．．．參考麥克風信號
ref_hi．．．位準指示
ref_low．．．位準指示
S(z)．．．電聲路徑
SE(z)．．．回應
SEADAPT(z)．．．適應性回應
SECOPY(z)．．．複本
SEFIXED(z)．．．固定回應
SPKR．．．揚聲器
tone_err．．．旗標
tone_ns．．．旗標
tone_ref．．．旗標
W(z)．．．調適器轉移函數
Σ|Wn(z)|．．．總和
圖1係根據本發明之一實施例之一無線電話10之一圖解。
圖2係根據本發明之一實施例之無線電話10內之電路之方塊圖。
圖3係描繪根據本發明之一實施例之圖2之CODEC積體電路20之ANC電路30內之信號處理電路及功能塊之一方塊圖。
圖4係圖解說明根據本發明之一實施例之與圖3之電路中之周圍音訊事件偵測及ANC控制相關之功能塊之一方塊圖。
圖5係根據本發明之一實施例之判定ANC操作可能產生非所要之抗雜訊或不當地調適及採取適當行動之一方法之一流程圖。
圖6係描繪根據本發明之一積體電路內之信號處理電路及功能塊之一方塊圖。
(無元件符號說明)

Claims (57)

  1. 一種個人音訊裝置，其包括：一個人音訊裝置外殼；一傳感器，其係安裝在該外殼上用於重現一音訊信號，該音訊信號包含用於對一聽者播放之源音訊及用於對抗周圍音訊聲在該傳感器之一聲輸出中之影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者；一參考麥克風，其係安裝在該外殼上用於提供指示該等周圍音訊聲之一參考麥克風信號；一誤差麥克風，其係安裝在該外殼上鄰近該傳感器用於提供指示該傳感器之該聲輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲之一誤差麥克風信號；及一處理電路，其實施具有一回應之至少一適應性濾波器，該處理電路從該參考信號產生該抗雜訊信號以減少該聽者所聽到之該等周圍音訊聲之存在，其中該處理電路實施(implement)一係數控制塊，該係數控制塊藉由計算判定該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應以使該誤差麥克風上之該等周圍音訊聲最小化的係數而使該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應塑形為與該誤差麥克風信號及該參考麥克風信號一致，其中該處理電路偵測發生一周圍音訊事件，該周圍音訊事件可能導致該適應性濾波器在該抗雜訊信號中產生一非所要之分量並獨立於藉由該係數控制塊之該等係數之該計算而改變該至少一適應性濾波器之調適，其中該周圍音訊事件係風聲、該個人音訊裝置 之該外殼上之刮擦、一實質上音調周圍聲、歸因於穿過該參考麥克風之正回饋之一信號、或落於一預定範圍之外之該參考麥克風信號之一信號位準，該正回饋係歸因於該傳感器與該參考麥克風之間之耦合之改變。
  2. 如請求項1之個人音訊裝置，其中該處理電路藉由暫停該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適而改變該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  3. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該處理電路進一步在該周圍音訊事件期間使該抗雜訊信號靜音。
  4. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該處理電路設定該至少一適應性濾波器之一或多個係數為一預定值以補救由於該周圍音訊事件而導致之該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之該調適之中斷。
  5. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該周圍音訊事件為風聲或該個人音訊裝置之該外殼上之刮擦。
  6. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該周圍音訊事件係歸因於穿過該參考麥克風之正回饋之一信號，該正回饋係歸因於該傳感器與該參考麥克風之間之耦合之改變，其中該處理電路暫停該至少一適應性濾波器之調適達一指定時段且在該指定時段過去後恢復該適應性濾波器之調適。
  7. 如請求項6之個人音訊裝置，其中針對該周圍音訊事件之每次發生而延長該指定時段。
  8. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該周圍音訊事件係落 於一預定範圍之外之該參考麥克風信號之一位準。
  9. 如請求項8之個人音訊裝置，其中該處理電路回應於判定該參考麥克風信號之該位準在該預定範圍之外而使該抗雜訊信號靜音。
  10. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該周圍音訊事件實質為音調。
  11. 如請求項2之個人音訊裝置，其中該周圍音訊事件為近端語音。
  12. 如請求項1之個人音訊裝置，其中該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之一適應性控制具有一洩漏特性，該洩漏特性以一特定變化速率將該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應恢復為一預定回應，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到發生該周圍音訊事件而改變該洩漏特性以改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適。
  13. 如請求項1之個人音訊裝置，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一適應性濾波器，該適應性濾波器過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該周圍音訊事件而改變過濾該參考麥克風信號之該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  14. 如請求項1之個人音訊裝置，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之所組合的抗雜訊與周圍音訊聲之一 誤差信號，其中該處理電路調適該適應性濾波器以使與該第二路徑適應性濾波器之複本之一輸出相關聯之該誤差信號之分量最小化，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該周圍音訊事件而改變該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該調適。
  15. 如請求項14之個人音訊裝置，其中該周圍音訊事件係落於一預定範圍之外之該源音訊之一位準，且其中該處理電路回應於判定該源音訊之該位準在該預定範圍之外而暫停該第二路徑適應性濾波器之調適。
  16. 一種消除鄰近一個人音訊裝置之一傳感器之周圍音訊聲之方法，該方法包括：第一次用一參考麥克風量測周圍音訊聲以產生一參考麥克風信號；第二次用一誤差麥克風量測該傳感器之一輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲；藉由計算控制一適應性濾波器之一回應之係數以適應性地從該第一次量測及該第二次量測之一結果產生一抗雜訊信號用於藉由調適過濾該參考麥克風之一輸出之一適應性濾波器之一回應而對抗周圍音訊聲對該傳感器之一聲輸出之影響；組合該抗雜訊信號與一源音訊信號以產生提供至該傳感器之一音訊信號；偵測可能導致該適應性濾波器在該抗雜訊信號中產生一非所要之分量之一周圍音訊事件發生，其中該周圍音 訊事件係風聲、該個人音訊裝置之該外殼上之刮擦、一實質上音調周圍聲、歸因於穿過該參考麥克風之正回饋之一信號、或落於一預定範圍之外之該參考麥克風信號之一信號位準，該正回饋係歸因於該傳感器與該參考麥克風之間之耦合之改變；及回應於該偵測，獨立於該等係數之該計算而改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適。
  17. 如請求項16之方法，其中該改變藉由暫停該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適而改變該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  18. 如請求項17之方法，其進一步包括在該周圍音訊事件期間使該抗雜訊信號靜音。
  19. 如請求項17之方法，其中該改變設定該至少一適應性濾波器之一或多個係數為一預定值以補救由於該周圍音訊事件而導致之該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之該調適之中斷。
  20. 如請求項17之方法，其中該周圍音訊事件為風聲或該個人音訊裝置之該外殼上之刮擦。
  21. 如請求項17之方法，其中該周圍音訊事件係歸因於穿過該參考麥克風之正回饋之一信號，該正回饋係歸因於該傳感器與該參考麥克風之間之耦合之改變，且其中該改變包括暫停該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適達一指定時段且在該指定時段過去後恢復該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  22. 如請求項21之方法，其進一步包括針對該周圍音訊事件 之每次發生而延長該指定時段。
  23. 如請求項17之方法，其中該周圍音訊事件係落於一預定範圍之外之該參考麥克風信號之一位準。
  24. 如請求項23之方法，其中該改變包括回應於判定該參考麥克風信號之該位準在該預定範圍之外而使該抗雜訊信號靜音。
  25. 如請求項17之方法，其中該周圍音訊事件實質為音調。
  26. 如請求項17之方法，其中該周圍音訊事件為近端語音。
  27. 如請求項16之方法，其中該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之一適應性控制具有一洩漏特性，該洩漏特性以一特定變化速率將該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應恢復為一預定回應，且該改變回應於偵測到發生該周圍音訊事件而改變該洩漏特性以改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適。
  28. 如請求項16之方法，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一適應性濾波器，該適應性濾波器過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號，且其中該改變回應於偵測到該周圍音訊事件而改變過濾該參考麥克風信號之該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  29. 如請求項16之方法，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之所組合的抗雜訊及周圍音訊聲之一誤差信號， 其中該方法進一步包括調適該適應性濾波器之該回應以使與該誤差信號相關之該參考信號之分量最小化且其中該改變回應於偵測到該周圍音訊事件而改變該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該調適。
  30. 如請求項29之方法，其中該周圍音訊事件係落於一預定範圍之外之該源音訊之一位準，且其中該改變回應於判定該源音訊之該位準在該預定範圍之外而暫停該第二路徑適應性濾波器之調適。
  31. 一種用於實施一個人音訊裝置之至少一部分之積體電路，其包括：一輸出，其係用於提供一信號至一傳感器，該信號包含用於對一聽者播放之源音訊及用於對抗周圍音訊聲在該傳感器之一聲輸出中之影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者；一參考麥克風輸入，其係用於接收指示該等周圍音訊聲之一參考麥克風信號；一誤差麥克風輸入，其係用於接收指示該傳感器之該輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲之一誤差麥克風信號；及一處理電路，其實施具有一回應之至少一適應性濾波器，該處理電路從該參考信號產生該抗雜訊信號以減少該聽者所聽到之該等周圍音訊聲之存在，其中該處理電路實施一係數控制塊，該係數控制塊藉由計算判定該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應使該誤差麥克風上之該等周圍音訊聲最小化的係數而使該至少一適應性濾波器之該 回應塑形為與該誤差麥克風信號及該參考麥克風信號一致，且其中該處理電路偵測發生一周圍音訊事件，該周圍音訊事件可能導致該適應性濾波器在該抗雜訊信號中產生一非所要之分量並獨立於該等係數之該計算而改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適，其中該周圍音訊事件係風聲、該個人音訊裝置之該外殼上之刮擦、一實質上音調周圍聲、歸因於穿過該參考麥克風之正回饋之一信號、或落於一預定範圍之外之該參考麥克風信號之一信號位準，該正回饋係歸因於該傳感器與該參考麥克風之間之耦合之改變。
  32. 如請求項31之積體電路，其中該處理電路藉由暫停該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適而改變該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  33. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該處理電路進一步在該周圍音訊事件期間使該抗雜訊信號靜音。
  34. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該處理電路設定該至少一適應性濾波器之一或多個係數為一預定值以補救由於該周圍音訊事件而導致之該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之調適之中斷。
  35. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該周圍音訊事件為風聲或該個人音訊裝置之該外殼上之刮擦。
  36. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該周圍音訊事件係歸因於穿過該參考麥克風之正回饋之一信號，該正回饋係歸因於該傳感器與該參考麥克風之間之耦合之改變，其中該 處理電路暫停該至少一適應性濾波器之調適達一指定時段且在該指定時段過去後恢復該適應性濾波器之調適。
  37. 如請求項36之積體電路，其中針對該周圍音訊事件之每次發生而延長該指定時段。
  38. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該周圍音訊事件係落於一預定範圍之外之該參考麥克風信號之一位準。
  39. 如請求項38之積體電路，其中該處理電路回應於判定該參考麥克風信號之該位準在該預定範圍之外而使該抗雜訊信號靜音。
  40. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該周圍音訊事件實質為音調。
  41. 如請求項32之積體電路，其中該周圍音訊事件為近端語音。
  42. 如請求項31之積體電路，其中該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之一適應性控制具有一洩漏特性，該洩漏特性以一特定變化速率將該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應恢復為一預定回應，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到發生該周圍音訊事件而改變該洩漏特性以改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該調適。
  43. 如請求項31之積體電路，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一適應性濾波器，該適應性濾波器過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該周圍音訊事件而改變過濾該參考麥克風信號之該適應性濾波器之該調適。
  44. 如請求項31之積體電路，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之所組合的抗雜訊與周圍音訊聲之一誤差信號，其中該處理電路調適該適應性濾波器以使與該第二路徑適應性濾波器之複本之一輸出相關聯之該誤差信號之分量最小化，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該周圍音訊事件而改變該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該調適。
  45. 如請求項44之積體電路，其中該周圍音訊事件係落於一預定範圍之外之該源音訊之一位準，且其中該處理電路回應於判定該源音訊之該位準在該預定範圍之外而暫停該第二路徑適應性濾波器之調適。
  46. 一種個人音訊裝置，其包括：一個人音訊裝置外殼；一傳感器，其係安裝在該外殼上用於重現一音訊信號，該音訊信號包含用於對一聽者播放之源音訊及用於對抗周圍音訊聲在該傳感器之一聲輸出中之影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者；一參考麥克風，其係安裝在該外殼上用於提供指示該等周圍音訊聲之一參考麥克風信號；一誤差麥克風，其係安裝在該外殼上鄰近該傳感器用於提供指示該傳感器之該聲輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲之一誤差麥克風信號；及 一處理電路，其實施具有一回應之至少一適應性濾波器，該處理電路從該參考信號產生該抗雜訊信號以減少該聽者所聽到之該等周圍音訊聲之存在，其中該處理電路實施一係數控制塊，該係數控制塊藉由計算判定該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應以使該誤差麥克風上之該等周圍音訊聲最小化的係數而使該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應塑形為與該誤差麥克風信號及該參考麥克風信號一致，且其中該處理電路實施一偵測器，該偵測器藉由偵測該至少一適應性濾波器之該等係數中之變化(variation)以偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤並從該傳感器所重現之該音訊信號移除該抗雜訊信號。
  47. 如請求項46之個人音訊裝置，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之抗雜訊之一誤差信號，其中該處理電路調適該適應性濾波器以使與該第二路徑適應性濾波器之複本之一輸出相關聯之該誤差信號之分量最小化，其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤而進一步將該抗雜訊信號引導至該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該輸入，且其中過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號之另一適應性濾波器之調適不中斷地繼續。
  48. 如請求項46之個人音訊裝置，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾 波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之抗雜訊之一誤差信號，其中該處理電路調適該適應性濾波器以使與該第二路徑適應性濾波器之複本之一輸出相關聯之該誤差信號之分量最小化，其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤而進一步將該抗雜訊信號引導至該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該輸入，且其中過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號之另一適應性濾波器之調適暫停。
  49. 一種消除鄰近一個人音訊裝置之一傳感器之周圍音訊聲之方法，該方法包括：第一次用一參考麥克風量測周圍音訊聲以產生一參考麥克風信號；第二次用一誤差麥克風量測該傳感器之一輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲；藉由計算控制一適應性濾波器之一回應之係數以適應性地從該第一次量測及該第二次量測之一結果產生一抗雜訊信號用於藉由調適過濾該參考麥克風之一輸出之該適應性濾波器之該回應以產生該抗雜訊信號而對抗周圍音訊聲對該傳感器之一聲輸出之影響；組合該抗雜訊信號與一源音訊信號以產生提供至該傳感器之一音訊信號；藉由偵測該至少一適應性濾波器之該等係數中之變化以偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤；及 回應於該偵測，從該傳感器所重現之該音訊信號移除該抗雜訊信號。
  50. 如請求項49之方法，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示抗雜訊之一誤差信號，其中該方法進一步包括：調適該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該回應以使與該誤差信號相關聯之該參考信號之分量最小化；回應於偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤而將該抗雜訊信號引導至該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該輸入；及不中斷地繼續過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號之另一適應性濾波器之調適。
  51. 如請求項49之方法，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之所組合的抗雜訊及周圍音訊聲之一誤差信號，其中該方法進一步包括：調適該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該回應以使與該誤差信號相關聯之該參考信號之分量最小化；回應於偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤而將該抗雜訊信號引導至該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該輸入；及暫停過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號之另 一適應性濾波器之調適。
  52. 一種用於實施一個人音訊裝置之至少一部分之積體電路，其包括：一輸出，其係用於提供一信號至一傳感器，該信號包含用於對一聽者播放之源音訊及用於對抗周圍音訊聲在該傳感器之一聲輸出中之影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者；一參考麥克風輸入，其係用於接收指示該等周圍音訊聲之一參考麥克風信號；一誤差麥克風輸入，其係用於接收指示該傳感器之該輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲之一誤差麥克風信號；及一處理電路，其實施具有一回應之至少一適應性濾波器，該回應從該參考信號產生該抗雜訊信號以減少該聽者所聽到之該等周圍音訊聲之存在，其中該處理電路實施一係數控制塊，該係數控制塊藉由計算判定該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應以使該誤差麥克風上之該等周圍音訊聲最小化的係數而使該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應塑形為與該誤差麥克風信號及該參考麥克風信號一致，且其中該處理電路實施一偵測器，該偵測器藉由偵測該至少一適應性濾波器之該等係數中之變化以偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤並從該傳感器所重現之該音訊信號移除該抗雜訊信號。
  53. 如請求項52之積體電路，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器 具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之抗雜訊之一誤差信號，其中該處理電路調適該適應性濾波器以使與該第二路徑適應性濾波器之複本之一輸出相關聯之該誤差信號之分量最小化，其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤而進一步將該抗雜訊信號引導至該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該輸入，且其中過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號之另一適應性濾波器之調適不中斷地繼續。
  54. 如請求項52之積體電路，其中該至少一適應性濾波器包含一第二路徑適應性濾波器，該第二路徑適應性濾波器具有使該源音訊塑形之一第二路徑回應及一組合器，該組合器從該誤差麥克風信號移除該源音訊以提供指示遞送至該聽者之抗雜訊之一誤差信號，其中該處理電路調適該適應性濾波器以使與該第二路徑適應性濾波器之複本之一輸出相關聯之該誤差信號之分量最小化，其中該處理電路回應於偵測到該抗雜訊信號可能錯誤而進一步將該抗雜訊信號引導至該第二路徑適應性濾波器之該輸入，且其中過濾該參考麥克風信號以產生該抗雜訊信號之另一適應性濾波器之調適暫停。
  55. 一種個人音訊裝置，其包括：一個人音訊裝置外殼；一傳感器，其係安裝在該外殼上用於重現一音訊信號，該音訊信號包含用於對一聽者播放之源音訊及用於 對抗周圍音訊聲在該傳感器之一聲輸出中之影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者；一參考麥克風，其係安裝在該外殼上用於提供指示該等周圍音訊聲之一參考麥克風信號；一誤差麥克風，其係安裝在該外殼上鄰近該傳感器用於提供指示該傳感器之該聲輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲之一誤差麥克風信號；及一處理電路，其實施具有一回應之至少一適應性濾波器，該處理電路從該參考信號產生該抗雜訊信號以減少該聽者所聽到之該等周圍音訊聲之存在，其中該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應之一適應性控制具有一洩漏特性，該洩漏特性以一特定變化速率將該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應恢復為一預定回應，其中該處理電路藉由調適該適應性濾波器之該回應以使該誤差麥克風上之該等周圍音訊聲最小化而使該適應性濾波器之該回應塑形為與該誤差麥克風信號及該參考麥克風信號一致，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到發生近端語音而改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該洩漏特性。
  56. 一種消除鄰近一個人音訊裝置之一傳感器之周圍音訊聲之方法，該方法包括：第一次用一參考麥克風量測周圍音訊聲以產生一參考麥克風信號；第二次用一誤差麥克風量測該傳感器之一輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲； 適應性地從該第一次量測及該第二次量測之一結果產生一抗雜訊信號用於藉由調適過濾該參考麥克風之一輸出之一適應性濾波器之一回應而對抗周圍音訊聲對該傳感器之一聲輸出之影響，其中該適應性濾波器之該回應之一適應性控制具有一洩漏特性，該洩漏特性以一特定變化速率將該適應性濾波器之該回應恢復為一預定回應；組合該抗雜訊信號與一源音訊信號以產生提供至該傳感器之一音訊信號；偵測近端語音；及回應於偵測該近端語音以改變該洩漏特性。
  57. 一種用於實施一個人音訊裝置之至少一部分之積體電路，其包括：一輸出，其係用於提供一信號至一傳感器，該信號包含用於對一聽者播放之源音訊及用於對抗周圍音訊聲在該傳感器之一聲輸出中之影響之一抗雜訊信號兩者；一參考麥克風輸入，其係用於接收指示該等周圍音訊聲之一參考麥克風信號；一誤差麥克風輸入，其係用於接收指示該傳感器之該輸出及該傳感器上之該等周圍音訊聲之一誤差麥克風信號；一處理電路，其實施具有一回應之至少一適應性濾波器，該回應從該參考信號產生該抗雜訊信號以減少該聽者所聽到之該等周圍音訊聲之存在，其中該至少一適應 性濾波器之該回應之一適應性控制具有一洩漏特性，該洩漏特性以一特定變化速率將該至少一適應性濾波器之該回應恢復為一預定回應，其中該處理電路藉由調適該適應性濾波器之該回應以使該誤差麥克風上之該等周圍音訊聲最小化而使該適應性濾波器之該回應塑形為與該誤差麥克風信號及該參考麥克風信號一致，且其中該處理電路回應於偵測到發生近端語音而改變該至少一適應性濾波器之該洩漏特性。
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WO2012075343A3 (en) 2013-02-28
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TW201237846A (en) 2012-09-16
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CN103270552A (zh) 2013-08-28
JP5937611B2 (ja) 2016-06-22
US9142207B2 (en) 2015-09-22
US9633646B2 (en) 2017-04-25
US20160063988A1 (en) 2016-03-03
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