TWI434609B - 發光二極體驅動器電路 - Google Patents

發光二極體驅動器電路 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI434609B
TWI434609B TW096103240A TW96103240A TWI434609B TW I434609 B TWI434609 B TW I434609B TW 096103240 A TW096103240 A TW 096103240A TW 96103240 A TW96103240 A TW 96103240A TW I434609 B TWI434609 B TW I434609B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
led
terminal
driver circuit
comparator
led driver
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TW096103240A
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TW200803618A (en
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Georg Sauerlaender
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Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10Controlling the intensity of the light
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/385Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using flyback topology

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Description

發光二極體驅動器電路
本發明係關於一種LED(發光二極體)驅動器電路,其包含一電源電壓輸入端子、一控制輸入端子及用於將該驅動器電路連接至至少一LED之第一輸出端子及第二輸出輸出端子。
例如,在US 2003/0227265 A1中描述此LED驅動器電路。此LED驅動器電路通常用可能非常靈活且精確的專用LED驅動器積體電路(IC)來製造。
然而,此等IC通常係相當昂貴的,其致使具有良好精確度之LED照明裝置與其他照明概念相比較具有較差的競爭力。
因此,本發明之一目標為提供一種較不昂貴但仍非常精確之上述種類之LED驅動器電路。
此目標藉由如請求項1之LED驅動器電路而達成。
更具體而言,LED驅動器既而包含一連接於電源輸入端子與第一輸出端子之間、具有降頻轉換特徵之切換模式電源(smps),該smps由經遲滯組態之比較器電路控制以便調整LED電流,且比較器之切換位準由在參考端子處接收之參考電壓設定。此LED驅動器可僅使用已持續數十年可購得之簡單標準之組件而達成,且因此可以較低成本獲得。此外,許多此等LED驅動器可共用相同參考電壓,其使得 驅動器更加成本有效。
控制輸入端子可連接至賦能或去能比較器電路之輸出之開關。此情形為達成LED輸出之精確PWM控制之有效方式。
或者,控制輸入端子可連接至影響比較器電路中之分壓器網路之開關。若僅需要有限數目之輸出位準,則此情形提供控制驅動器之較不複雜之方式。
分路電阻器可接收LED電流以便建立饋送至比較器電路之對應電壓。此情形提供簡單之回饋配置。可經由低通濾波器將此對應電壓饋送至比較器電路。此情形避免回饋配置受切換雜訊影響。
具有降頻轉換特徵之切換模式電源(smps)可為在此項技術中已知的轉換器,如降頻轉換器、逐級降頻轉換器或降壓轉換器。
本發明之該等及其他態樣自下文描述之實施例而將為顯而易見的且將參看下文描述之實施例而闡述。
圖1示意性地說明連接至共同參考區塊4之兩個LED驅動器電路1、2之集合。然而,此配置係可縮放以包括實質上任一數目之LED驅動器電路。因此,已考慮提供(例如)用於RGB(紅色-綠色-藍色)配置之三個驅動器電路或用於RGBA(紅色-綠色-藍色-琥珀色)配置之四個驅動器電路。藉由控制此配置中之每一LED或LED串之光流量,實質上可產生任一顏色。當然,其他多色配置係可預期的,例 如,CMY(青色-洋紅色-黃色)。亦有可能在一配置中提供(例如)許多RGB單元。
共同參考區塊經配置以輸出電源電壓+VCC 、參考電壓+Vref 及接地連接Gnd。參考電壓Vref 可(例如)使用諸如TL431之基於帶隙參考之調壓器而提供。
驅動器電路各自包含一輸入電源電壓+VCC 之電源輸入端子3、一接收參考電壓+Vref 之參考端子15及一接地端子6。每一驅動器電路1、2進一步包含一控制端子5、8,每一控制端子分別接收控制信號CTRL1、CTRL2。控制信號控制自連接至每一電路之LED輸出之光流量。
驅動器電路中之每一者可驅動一LED或串聯連接之複數個LED。若使用串聯連接之複數個LED,則其總壓降應小於電源電壓+VCC
如所說明,可將電源輸入端子及接地端子以及參考端子菊鏈鏈接至許多後續單元,例如,RGB單元。
圖2展示根據本發明之一實施例之LED驅動器電路1。此電路具有一第一輸出端子7及一第二輸出端子9,且兩個LED8在該等端子之間串聯連接。
第一輸出端子7經由具有降頻轉換特徵之切換模式電源(smps)(在此情況下,為所謂的降壓轉換器或(逐級)降頻轉換器11)而連接至電源輸入端子3。此轉換器包含串聯連接至諸如p-MOSFET之開關27之電感器25。開關使得通過電感器之電流上下變化,且當開關被切斷時,飛輪二極體29允許電感器電流繼續流動。無需多言,在本發明之LED驅 動器中可使用具有降頻轉換特徵之其他切換模式電源(smps)拓撲,例如,返馳轉換器。
第二輸出端子9經由分路電阻器RS 連接至地面。越過分路電阻器之壓降對應於饋送通過由LED驅動器電路供電之LED之電流ILED 的量測。
smps 11由經遲滯組態之比較器電路13控制。此電路包含一比較器31,其反相輸入(-)經由低通濾波器23接收來自分路電阻器RS 之LED電流量測。比較器31之非反相輸入(+)連接至包含三個電阻器Rx 、Ry 及Rz 之電阻器網路。RX 連接至參考端子15,且經由Ry 串聯連接至地面。比較器31之非反相輸入連接至Rx 與Ry 之間的中點,且Rz 連接在此點與比較器輸出之間。比較器輸出經由反相器33而驅動smps 11之開關27,使得當比較器之非反相端子(+)與反相端子(-)之間的電壓差為正時,開關27處於其允許建立LED電流之ON狀態。由於開關27之不同選擇,不需要反相器33。
在參考端子15處接收之參考電壓Vref 設定比較器之切換位準。因此,當開關27接通時,允許通過LED之電流ILED 上升直至在負比較器輸入處之電壓達到過渡電壓VON 為止,該過渡電壓VON 被界定為:
既而,將比較器輸出切換至接地位準,且切斷開關27。LED電流現降低直到在負比較器輸入處之電壓達到第二過渡電壓VOFF 為止,該第二過渡電壓VOFF 被界定為:
此刻,再次接通開關,且以自振盪方式開始新循環。VOFF 低於VON ,且平均LED電流及允許之漣波由Vref 、Rx 、Ry 及Rz 設定。由於遲滯或繼電式組態,因此可抑制LED電流漣波以及LED電流之暫態,其允許LED發出具有經良好界定之顏色及強度之光。
低通濾波器23可包含一簡單的一階巴特威士(Butterworth)濾波器,其包含一電阻器Rf 及一電容器Cf 。由於低通濾波器,因此可濾除當接通及切斷開關時出現之開關17之潛在高頻雜訊。此引起幾乎無雜訊之三角形電壓,其表示LED電流ILED ,ILED 為在反相(-)比較器輸入處之輸入。
所說明之電路可以極低之成本來實現。可以低成本購得含有四個比較器之標準積體電路,從而允許(例如)僅由一晶片及某些簡單之額外組件而達成RGBA單元。
光流量可為由在比較器31之輸出處之開關17(例如,MOSFET)控制之PWM(脈寬調變)。此開關17之閘極連接至控制端子5,且若開關17接通,則比較器連接至地面,且驅動電路1被切斷。此使得有可能藉由變化開關17之工作循環而PWM控制來自LED之光流量。當然,此情形係由與降頻轉換器11之切換頻率相比(其可為幾百kHz)而較低之切換頻率(例如,幾百Hz)來完成。
圖3展示一替代實施例中之LED驅動器電路之細節。在此實施例中,不需要圖2中之開關17。實情為,LED電流可由開關19來改變,該開關19使額外電阻器Ry1 與電阻器Ry 並聯而連接。如自上述等式係明顯的是,此情形改變過渡電壓VON 及VOFF 。此控制配置允許平均LED電流改變至兩個值中之任一者,與PWM解決方案相比較,其使得此解決方案較不靈活但亦較不複雜。一般而言,在此實施例中,使用一或多個開關,其影響比較器電路中之分壓器網路。若使用一個以上之開關,則兩個以上之非零LED電流值係可能的。因此,可應用該(等)開關以使一電阻器與電阻器Rx 、Ry 及Rz 中之一或多者並聯而連接。原則上,可使此實施例與圖1之PWM解決方案組合。
概言之,本發明係關於一種低成本LED驅動器模組,其包含一具有降頻轉換特徵且由比較器控制之切換模式電源(smps)。比較器係經遲滯組態的,其減小LED電流之漣波及暫態,且該模組可用低廉之標準組件來實現。
歸因於可再使用參考電壓信號且僅需要較小數目之額外組件(例如,一對電阻器及電晶體、一比較器、一二極體及一電感器)以達成額外可控制之LED驅動器電路且因此實現額外LED通道之事實,因此本發明對於具有多個LED串之應用尤其具有吸引力。
本發明並不受限於所述實施例。可以在所附申請專利範圍之範疇內之各種方式對本發明進行修改。
1‧‧‧LED驅動器電路
2‧‧‧LED驅動器電路
3‧‧‧電源輸入端子
4‧‧‧共同參考區塊
5‧‧‧控制端子
6‧‧‧接地端子
7‧‧‧第一輸出端子
8‧‧‧控制端子/發光二極體
9‧‧‧第二輸出端子
11‧‧‧切換模式電源/降頻轉換器
13‧‧‧比較器電路
15‧‧‧參考端子
17‧‧‧開關
19‧‧‧開關
23‧‧‧低通濾波器
25‧‧‧電感器
27‧‧‧開關
29‧‧‧飛輪二極體
31‧‧‧比較器
33‧‧‧反相器
Cf ‧‧‧電容器
CTRL1‧‧‧控制信號
CTRL2‧‧‧控制信號
Gnd‧‧‧接地連接
ILED ‧‧‧電流
Rf ‧‧‧電阻器
RS ‧‧‧電阻器
Rx ‧‧‧電阻器
Ry ‧‧‧電阻器
Ry1 ‧‧‧電阻器
Rz ‧‧‧電阻器
+VCC ‧‧‧電源電壓
+Vref ‧‧‧參考電壓
圖1示意性地說明LED驅動器電路之集合。
圖2展示根據本發明之一實施例之LED驅動器電路。
圖3展示一替代實施例中之LED驅動器電路之細節。
1‧‧‧LED驅動器電路
2‧‧‧LED驅動器電路
3‧‧‧電源輸入端子
4‧‧‧共同參考區塊
5‧‧‧控制端子
6‧‧‧接地端子
7‧‧‧第一輸出端子
8‧‧‧控制端子
9‧‧‧第二輸出端子
15‧‧‧參考端子
CTRL1‧‧‧控制信號
CTRL2‧‧‧控制信號
Gnd‧‧‧接地連接
+VCC ‧‧‧電源電壓
+Vref ‧‧‧參考電壓

Claims (4)

  1. 一種LED驅動器電路(1),其包含一電源輸入端子(3)、一控制端子(5)及用於將該驅動器電路連接至至少一LED之第一輸出端子(7)及第二輸出端子(9),其中一具有降頻轉換特徵之轉換器(11)係連接於該電源輸入端子(3)與該第一輸出端子(7)之間,該轉換器(11)係由一經遲滯組態之比較器電路(13)來控制以便調整LED電流,其中該比較器電路(13)之切換位準係由一在一參考端子(15)處接收之參考電壓(+Vref )來設定,及其中該控制端子(5)係連接至一開關(17),該開關(17)致能(enabling)或去能(disabling)該比較器電路(13)之輸出。
  2. 如請求項1之LED驅動器電路,其中一分路電阻器(RS )接收一LED電流(ILED ),以便建立一饋送至該比較器電路(13)之對應電壓。
  3. 如請求項2之LED驅動器電路,其中該電壓係經由一低通濾波器(23)而饋送至該比較器電路。
  4. 如請求項1之LED驅動器電路,其中該轉換器(11)為一(逐級)降頻轉換器或一降壓轉換器。
TW096103240A 2006-01-31 2007-01-29 發光二極體驅動器電路 TWI434609B (zh)

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TWI434609B true TWI434609B (zh) 2014-04-11

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US (1) US8217587B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1982560A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5329235B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101303362B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101379879B (zh)
TW (1) TWI434609B (zh)
WO (1) WO2007088505A1 (zh)

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US20090021182A1 (en) 2009-01-22
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