TWI353759B - Synchronization of audio and video data in a wirel - Google Patents
Synchronization of audio and video data in a wirel Download PDFInfo
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- TWI353759B TWI353759B TW094115718A TW94115718A TWI353759B TW I353759 B TWI353759 B TW I353759B TW 094115718 A TW094115718 A TW 094115718A TW 94115718 A TW94115718 A TW 94115718A TW I353759 B TWI353759 B TW I353759B
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Description
1353759 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大致係關於在_無線通信系統中資訊之傳遞,且 更特定言之係關於在一無線通信系統中傳輸之音頻及視頻 資料的同步》 【先前技術】 已經研製出用於在各種通信網路上傳輸諸如音頻或視頻 資料之多媒體或即時資料之各種技術。此技術之一為即時 傳送協疋(RTP)。RTP提供可適用於在多點播放或單點播放 網路服務中傳輸即時資料之端對端網路傳送功能。RTp不 處理資源保留且不保證即時服務之服務品質。藉由一控制 協定(RTCP)強化資料傳送以允許資料傳遞之監視以一方式 可升級為大的多點播放網路,並提供最小控制及識別功能 性。RTP及RTCP經設計以與底層傳送及網路層無關。該協 疋支极RTP水平轉譯器及混合器之使用。年7月 3550 draft standard,lnternet Engineering steering Gr〇up 中 H. Schulzrinne [Columbia University], S. Casner [Packet Design], R. Frederick [Blue Coat Systems Inc.], V. Jacobson [Packet Design]等人之"RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-
Time Applications" 中可找 到關於RTp之更詳細内容 ,該案 之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。 一說明RTP之態樣的實例為音頻會議,其中RTp在網際 網路之網際網路協定(IP)服務上層進行用於語音通信。藉 由一分配機構,一會議發源站獲得一多點播放群位址及一 I01939.doc 1353759
對埠。一埠用於音頻資料,且另一埠用於控制(RTcp)封 包。將此位址及埠資訊分配予所期望之參與者。每一會議 參與者所使用之音頻會議應用程式以小的分割發送音頻資 料,例如持續時間20 ms之分割。在音頻資料之每一分割 之前加上一RTP標頭;且經組合之RTp標頭及資料封裝於 一1JDP封包令。RTP標頭包括關於資料之資訊,例如其指 示每封包所含有之音頻編碼之類型(諸如pCM、ADpcM 或LPC)、再現RTP封包之時間的時間戳記(ts)’可用於偵 測丟失/複製封包之連續多個封包的次序號(8”等。舉例 而言,此允許發送器在會議期間改變所使用之編碼類型以 谷納一經由一低頻寬鏈路連接之新的參與I,或對網路阻 塞之指示作出反應。 根據RTPt準’右音頻與視頻媒體二者皆用於灯p會議 中,則將其作為獨立的RTP話路傳輸。即,對於每一媒體 使用兩個不同的卿埠對及/或多點播放位址來傳輸獨立的 RTP及RTCP封^在RTp水平音頻與視㈣路之間不存在 直接耦口’除了參與二者話路之使用者在封包中對 兩者使用相同的名稱使得該等話路相關聯之外。 將音頻及視頻作為獨立的RTP話路傳輪之動機是為了允 許曰4中之某二參與者僅接收一種媒體(若其選擇)。儘管 分離’但使用兩話路之RTP/RT_包中所載運之定時資 訊仍可達成訊源音頻及視頻之同步重新播放。 類似網際網路之封台姻故*At 了匕,·用路可能偶_丟失或重新安排封 包。另外,個別封包在立 八各自傳輸時間中可經歷可變量之 101939.doc 1353759 延遲。為處理此等損害,RTp標頭包含定時資訊及一允許 接收0重建由訊源所產生之定時的次序號。在-話路中對 RTP封l之母一訊源分別執行此定時重建。 雖然RTP標頭包括定時資訊及-次序號,但是因為在獨 立RTP串流中傳遞音頻及視頻’所以在該等串流之間存在 '曰在時間滑動’亦稱為σ形同步或AV同步。在接收器處 心用程式必肩在再現音頻及視頻之前再同步此等串流。 另外’在無線網路上傳輪諸如音頻及視頻之RTP串流的應 用程式中’丟失封包之可能性增加,藉此使串流之再同步 更加困難》 因此,在此項技術中需要改哀在網路上傳輸之音頻及視 頻RTP串流之同步。 【發明内容】 本文所揭示之實施例藉由編碼在網路(例如無線網路或 IΡ網路)上所傳輸之諸如音頻視頻串流之資料串流使得α 料串流同步來處理上述需要。舉例而言,在一所需訊框週 期内傳輸—完整音頻訊框及一完整視頻訊框以藉由接收器 = 再現音頻及視頻訊框。舉例而言,資料串流 冋步益可包括-經組態以接收第一編碼資料串流 碼第-資料串流之第一解碼器,其中該第一編碼 ★ 在資訊間隔期間具有第-位元速率。該資料同步器亦可: 括-經組態以接收第二編碼f料串流並輸出解崎第= 串流之第二解碼器,其中該第二編碼資料串流在 門 隔期間具有第二位元速率。第一緩衝器經組態以累心 '0l939.doc /jy s ’隔之第一解碼資料串流並在每一間隔週期輸出一 解碼資料串流訊框。第二緩衝器經組態以累積至少一 資訊間隔之第二解 _ 一 解弓貝科串流並在每一間隔週期輸出一第 解3貝料串流訊框。接著,—經組態以接收第—解碼資 '银串流訊枢及第二解碼資料串流訊框的組合器輸出第一及 第一解碼資料串片 "同V訊框。該第一編碼資料串流可為 視頻資料,且該第二編碼資料串流可為音頻資料。 技術之態樣包括接收—音頻及視頻㈣串流及將一 RTP視頻資料之完整味擁r t , 訊框指派予通信頻道封包,該等通信 頻道封包佔用與視彌.由,方丄 °忙逮率相同或比視頻訊框速率更少 週月亦將RTP音頻資料之完整訊框指派予通信頻道 封包,該等通信頻道封包佔用與音頻訊框速率相同或比音 頻訊框速率更少;^ M ^ ^ ’ °同時傳輸該等視頻及音頻通信頻 道封包。在遠端站台砹美 / 土也σ中可執行接收及指派RTP串 流。 ^明之另一態樣為接收包括音頻及視頻資料之通信頻 ^ 解碼音頻及視頻資料並累積-等於音頻及視頻資 料说框週期之週期的資料在 負卄在3玄訊框週期之末端,組合一 視頻訊框及一音頻訊框。因為同 ,r _ ^ 吁傳輸音頻訊框及視頻訊 框,且每一傳輸發生於一訊框 , 朋内,所以該等音頻及視 頻訊框同步。在遠端站台或基 【實施方式】 了執订解碼及累積。 本文所使用之詞"例示性”意謂, 一 n0 „ 兄田—貫例、例證或說 明。不必將本文描述為”例示性” <任何實施例理解為較 101939.doc -9- 1353759 佳或優於其它實施例。 本文所使用之詞"串流"意謂在會話式、單點播放及廣播 應用中於專用及共用頻道上即時傳遞諸如音頻、語音或視 頻資訊之本質上連續之多媒體資料。對於視頻而言,本文 所使用之短語"多媒體訊框"意謂解碼後可在顯示裝置上顯 示/再現之視頻訊框》—視頻訊框可進一步劃分為獨立可 解碼單元。在視頻用語中,此等單元被稱為"片段”。在音 • 頻及語音的情況下,本文所使用之術語"多媒體訊框"意謂 在一時間窗中之資訊,在該時間窗上語音或音頻經壓縮以 用於傳送及在接收器處解碼。本文所使用之短語,,資訊單 元間隔”表示上述多媒體訊框之持續時間。舉例而言,在 視頻情況下’在每秒1 〇個訊框之視頻的情況下,資訊單元 間隔為1 00毫秒。另外,作為一實例,在語音情況下,在 cdma2000、GSM及WCDMA中資訊單元間隔通常為2〇毫 秒。自此描述’應明白音頻/語音訊框通常無需進一步割 • 分為獨立可解碼之片段且通常將視頻訊框進一步劃分為獨 立可解碼之片段。顯然當短語”多媒體訊框"、"資訊單元 間隔"等是指視頻、音頻及語音之多媒體資料時,應明白 形成本文β 描述用於在一組恆定位元速率通信頻道上同步所傳輸之 RTP串流之技術。該等技術包括將在rtp串流中所傳輸之 資訊單元分割成資料封包’其中選擇資料封包之尺寸以匹 配通信頻道之實體層資料封包尺寸。舉例而言,可編碼彼 此同步之音頻及視頻資料。可約束編碼器使得編碼器將資 101939.doc •10- 1353759 料編碼成與通信頻道之可用實體層封包尺寸匹配之尺寸。 約束該等資料封包尺寸以匹配一或多個可用實體層封包尺 寸支援傳輸多個同步RTP串流,因為同時或連續傳輸該等 RTP串流,但在時間訊框内音頻及視頻封包需要同步再 現。舉例而言,若傳輸音頻及視頻RTP串流,且約束資料 封包使得其尺寸匹配可用實體層封包,則音頻及視頻資料 在顯示時間内傳輸並同步。如上文REFERENCE TO C0-PENDING APPLICATIONS FOR PATENTS 中所列之同在申 • 請中之申請案所描述,當表示RTP串流所需的資料數量改 變時,藉由選擇不同實體層封包尺寸來改變通信頻道容' 量。 諸如RTP串流之資訊單元之實例包括可變位元速率資料 串流、多媒體資料、視頻資料及音頻資料。該等資訊單元 可以一恆定重複速率出現。舉例而言,該等資訊單元可為 音頻/視頻資料訊框。 | 已建立不同的國内及國際標準以支援各種無線電介面, 包括(例如)先進行動電話服務(AMPS)、全球行動通信系統 (GSM)、通用封包無線電月民務(GPRS)、資料增量型GSM環 境(EDGE)、過渡期標準95(IS-95)及其衍生標準(IS-95A、 IS-95B、ANSI J-STD-008(本文中通稱為 IS-95))及諸如 cdma2000、全球行動電信服務(UMTS)、寬頻CDMA、 W.CDMA及其它之新興的高資料速率系統。此等標準由電 信工業協會(TIA)、第三代行動通信夥伴合作計晝 (3GPP)、歐洲電信標準機構(ETSI)及其它熟知之標準化團 101939.doc 11 1353759 體發佈。 圖1展示-根據本發明所建構之通信系^⑽。通信系統 100包括基礎結構101、多個無線通信裝置(WCD)104及 1〇5 ’及陸上通信裝置122及124。wcd亦將被稱為行動台 (MS)或行動體。通常,WCD可為行動的或固定的。陸上 通信裝置122及124可包括(例如)服務節點或内容飼服器, 其提供諸如串流多媒體資料之各種類型多媒體資料。另 外,MS可傳輸諸如多媒體資料之串流資料。 基礎結構101亦可包括其它組件,諸如基地台1〇2、基地 台控制器106、行動交換中心1〇8、交換網路12〇及其類似 物在一貫施例中,基地台1 〇2與基地台控制器】〇6整合在 一起,且在其它實施例中基地台1〇2及基地台控制器1〇6為 獨立組件。例如IP網路或公眾交換電話網路(psTN)之不同 類型的交換網路120可在通信系統10〇中用於投送訊號。 術語”正向鏈路"或"下行鏈路,,是指自基礎結構1〇1至厘§ 之訊號路徑,而術語”反向鏈路,,或"上行鏈路"則是指自MS 至基礎結構之訊號路徑。如圖1所示,Ms i 〇4及i 〇5在正向 鍵路上接收成號132及136 ’並在反向鏈路上傳輸訊號 及138。通常,自MS 104及105所傳輸之訊號意欲在諸如另 一遠端單元或陸上通信裝置122及124之另一通信裝置處接 收,且經由交換網路120投送。舉例而言,若自起始WcD 104所傳輸之訊號134意欲由目的MS 105接收,則該訊號經 由基礎結構101投送’且在正向鏈路上傳輸訊號136至目的 MS 105。同樣地,在基礎結構ιοί中可將起始之訊號廣播 101939.doc 1353759 至MS 105。舉例而言,一内容提供者可發送諸如串流多媒 體資料之多媒體資料至MS 105。通常,諸如MS或陸上通 信裝置之通信裝置可為訊號之起始端與訊號之目的端。 MS 1 04之實例包括行動電話、啟用無線通信之個人電腦 及個人數位助理(PDA)及其它無線裝置。通信系統100可經 設計以支援一或多個無線標準。舉例而言,該等標準可包 括被稱為全球行動通信系統(GSM)、通用封包無線電服務 (GPRS)、資料增量型 GSM 環境(EDGE)、TIA/EIA-95-B (IS-95) 、 TIA/EIA-98-C(IS-98) 、 IS2000 、 HRPD 、 cdma2000、寬頻CDMA(WCDMA)及其它標準。 圖2為說明用於在無線網路上傳遞封包資料之一例示性 封包資料網路及各種無線電介面選項之方塊圖。可在諸如 圖2中所說明之封包交換資料網路200中實施所述技術。如 圖2之實例中所示,封包交換資料網路系統可包括一無線 頻道202、複數個接收節點或MS 204、一發送節點或内容 伺服器206、一服務節點208及一控制器210。發送節點206 可經由一諸如網際網路之網路2 12耦接至服務節點208。 月艮務節點208可包含(例如)一封包資料服務節點(PDSN) 或一服務GPRS支援節點(SGSN)或一閘道器GPRS支援節點 (GGSN)。月民務節點208可接收來自發送節點206之封包資 料,且提供資訊之封包至控制器210。控制器210可包含 (例如)一基地台控制器/封包控制功能(BSC/PCF)或無線電 網路控制器(RNC)。在一實施例中,控制器21 0在無線接取 網路(RAN)上與服務節點208通信。控制器210與服務節點 101939.doc -13- 1353759 208通信且經由無線頻道202將資訊之封包傳輸至接收節點 204之至少一者,如MS。 在一實施例中,服務節點208或發送節點206或二者亦可 包括一用於編碼資料串流之編碼器、或一用於解碼資料串 流之解碼器或二者。舉例而言,編碼器可編碼音頻/視頻 串流並藉此產生資料訊框,且解碼器可接收資料訊框並將 其解碼。同樣,MS可包括一用於編碼資料串流之編碼 器、或一用於解碼一接收到之資料串流之解碼器或二者。 術語”編碼解碼器”用於描述編碼器與解碼器之組合。 在圖2中說明之一實例中,來自發送節點206之諸如多媒 體資料之資料可經由服務節點或封包資料服務節點 (PDSN)208及一控制器或基地台控制器/封包控制功能 (BSC/PCF)210發送至一接收節點或MS 204,該發送節點 206連接至網路或網際網路212。在MS 204與BSC/PCF 210 之間的無線頻道介面202為一無線電介面,且通常可使用 諸多頻道用於訊號傳輸及承載或有效負載資料。 無線電介面202可根據大量無線標準中之任一者運作。 舉例而言,該等標準可包括基於諸如全球行動通信系統 (GSM)、通用封包無線電服務(GPRS)、資料增量型GSM環 境(EDGE)之TDMA的標準、或基於諸如丁1八/£1八-95-8(18-95)、TIA/EIA-98-C(IS-98)、IS2000、HRPD、cdma2000、 寬頻CDMA(WCDMA)之CDMA的標準及其它標準。 圖3為一說明在無線通信頻道上傳輸獨立RTP串流之習知 技術中之同步困難的圖表。在圖3中所說明之實例中,將 101939.doc -14- 1353759 視頻及音頻資料訊框編碼成Rtp串流且接著將其指派予通 信頻道封包。圖3說明視頻訊框302之串流。通常,視頻訊 框以一恆定速率出現。舉例而言,視頻訊框可以10 Hz速 率出現’即每1〇〇毫秒出現一新的訊框。 如圓3所示,單個視頻訊框可含有不同資料量,如表示 每訊框之條的高度所指示。舉例而言,若將視頻資料編 碼為動態影像壓縮標準(MPEG)資料則視頻串流由内部訊 框(I訊框)及預測性訊框(P訊框)組成。I訊框為自含式的, 即其包括再現或顯示一完整視頻訊框所需的全部資訊。P 訊框為非自含式的且相對於先前訊框通常將包含差異資 訊,諸如運動向量及差異織構資訊。通常,〗訊框可比p訊 框大高達8至1〇倍,視内容及編碼器設定而定。雖然視頻 訊框可具有不同資料量,但其仍以一恆定速率出現。可將 I及P訊框進一步分割成多個視頻片段。一視頻片段表示一 在顯不幕中之較小區域且可藉由解碼器單獨解碼。 在圖3中,視頻訊框N及N+4可表示〗訊框,且視頻訊框 N+1、糾、制及糾5可表示p訊框。如圖所示,z訊框包 括一比P訊框大的資料量,其由表示訊框之條的高度所指 不。接著將視頻訊框分包成RTP串流304中之封包。如圓3 中所示,對應於視頻I訊框N及N+4之RTP封包N&N+4比對 應於視頻P訊框N+1、N+2及N+3之RTP封包N+1、价2及 N+3大’如其寬度所指示。 將視頻RTP封包分配予通信頻道封包3〇6 ^在一諸如 CDMA或GSM之習知通信頻道中,通信頻道資料封包3〇6 10I939.doc •15- 1353759 為一恆定尺寸,且以一恆定速率傳輪。舉例而言,該等通 信頻道資料封包306可以50 Hz之速率傳輸,即每2〇毫秒傳 輸一新的資料封包。因為通信頻道封包為恆定尺寸,所以 需用較多的通信頻道封包來傳輸較大之RTp封包。因此, 與·傳輸對應於P視頻訊框N+1、N+2及N+3之較小RTP封包 所需之通仏頻道封包相比’傳輸對應於丨視頻訊框N及n+4 之RTP封包所耑的通信頻道封包3〇6更多。在圖3中所說明 之實例中,視頻訊框N佔用九個通信頻道封包3〇6之區塊 308 »視頻訊框N+1 ' N+2及N+3分別佔用區塊310、312及 314,每一區塊具有四個通信頻道封包3〇6。視頻訊框n+4 佔用九個通信頻道封包306之區塊316。 對於視頻貧料之每一訊框,存在一相應音頻資料。圖2 說明音頻訊框320之串流。每一音頻訊框N、N+1、N+2、 N+3、N+4及N+5對應於各自視頻訊框且以1〇出之速率出 現,即每100毫秒開始一新的音頻訊框。通常,音頻資料 Φ複雜度較小,使得與所關聯之視頻資料相比音頻資料可由 較少之位元表示且通常將音頻資料編碼使得RTP封包322具 有一可在一訊框週期内經由通信頻道傳輸之尺寸。此外, 在CDMA、GSM、WCDMA等中每20毫秒產生一典型音頻 訊框。在此等情況下,將多個音頻訊框綁(bundle)在一 起,使得音頻及視頻封包表示RTp分包之相同持續時間。 舉例而言,RTP封包N、n+卜N+2、N+3 ' n+4&n+5具有 一尺寸,可將每一 RTP封包指派予通信頻道封包324使得每 一 RTP封包在1 〇〇毫秒之訊框週期内經由通信頻道傳輸。 】〇 1939.doc •16- 丄 W759 如圖3所不’音頻訊框封包N、N+l、N+2、N+3、N+4及 N+5各自分別佔用區塊326、328、33〇、332、334及we, 每一區塊具有五個通信頻道封包3 24。 指派視頻訊框與音頻訊框予其各自通信頻道封包之間的 比較說明音頻訊框與視頻訊框之間的同步丟失。在圖3所 "兒明之實例中,需要九個通信頻道封包3〇6之區塊傳輸 視頻訊框N。與視頻訊框N相關聯之音頻訊框N在五個通信 鲁頻道封包324之區塊326中傳輸。因為同時傳輸在通信頻道 封包中之視頻及音頻,所以在傳輸視頻訊框^^期間,音頻 訊框N以及音頻訊框N+1之區塊似中的五個通信頻道封包 中之四個被傳輸。 舉例而言’在圖3中’若視頻及相關聯之音頻的訊框速 2為10 Hz且通信頻道封包速率為5〇 Hz,則在訊框N之 毫秒週期期間内傳輸所有音頻資料,但是僅傳輸一部分視 頻資料。在此實例中,訊框N之所有視頻資料並未被全部 鲁傳輸直至另外四個通信頻道封包3〇6被傳輸,此導致與完 成曰頻汛框N之傳輸的100毫秒相比完成視頻訊框1^之傳輸 需要I 80毫秒。因為音頻及視頻RTp串流為獨立的,所以在 1專輸視頻訊框N之資料期間傳輸音頻訊框N + i之資料的一 邛为。此視頻與音頻串流之間的同步丟失可導致通信頻道 之接收器處視頻與音頻之間的,,滑動"。 因為知因於預測性編碼且亦歸因於若干可變長度編碼 (VLC)之諸多參數的使用諸如H.263、AVC/H.264、ΜΡε〇_ 之視頻編碼器貫際上具有固有可變速率,所以通常在 10l939.doc •送窃及接收态處藉由緩衝器進行串流量成形來實現經由 $路乂換網路及封包交換網路之可變速率位元串流的即時 遞串/瓜里成形緩衝器引入通常不期望之額外延遲。舉 4而。I電話會議期間當—偏人講話時與另一人聽到該 語音時之間存在延遲額外延遲可能是令人煩惱的。 +例而口 ’目為在通信頻道之接收器4以與原始視頻訊 C速率相同之速率重放該視頻,所以在通信頻道_之延遲 可導致在重玫中之暫停。在圓3中,不能重放視頻訊框Μ 至已接收資料之完整訊框。因為在訊框週期期間未接收到 完整訊框資料,所以重放必須暫停直至接收到訊框^^之所 有視頻資料。另外’需要儲存來自音頻訊框Ν之所有資料 直至接收到訊框Ν之所有視頻資料,使得音頻及視頻之重 放同步。亦應注意,雖然仍在接收來自訊框Ν之視頻資料 但是必須儲存來自訊框N+1之音頻資料直至接收到來自訊 框N+1之所有視頻資料。由於視頻訊框之尺寸可變,所以 需要大的串流量成形緩衝器來實現同步。 圖4為一說明根據本發明經由無線通信頻道傳輸獨立 串流之技術的圖表。類似於圖3,圖4說明瞭尺寸變化之視 頻訊框302之串流及音頻訊框32〇之串流分別編碼成獨立 RTP串流304及322。該等視頻及音頻訊框以一恆定速率出 現,例如10 Hz之速率。 類似於圖3 ’在圖4中視頻訊框ν及N+4可表示j訊框,且 視頻訊框N+1、N+2、N+3及N+5可表示P訊框。將該等視 頻訊框分包成RTP串流304中之封包。如圖4所示,對應於 101939.doc -18· 1353759 視頻I訊框N及N+4之RTP封包N及N+4比對應於視頻P訊框 N+1、N+2及N+3之RTP封包N+1、N+2及N + 3大,如其寬度 所指示。 將視頻RTP封包分配予通信頻道封包406。使用如上文 REFERENCE TO CO-PENDING APPLICATIONS FOR PATENT中所列之同在申請中之申請案所描述的技術,可 改變通信頻道之容量。由於通信頻道封包406之容量可 變,所以可在含有五個通信頻道封包406之區塊408中傳輸 視頻訊框N。 在一諸如基於CDMA標準(諸如TIA/EIA_95-B(IS-95)、 TIA/EIA-98-C(IS-98)、IS2000、HRPD、cdma2000及寬頻 CDMA(WCDMA))之習知通信頻道中,通信頻道資料封包 406可以50 Hz之速率傳輸,即每20毫秒傳輸一新的資料封 包。因為通信頻道封包406之容量可變,所以可約束視頻 訊框N之編碼使得可在一訊框週期期間傳輸完整視頻訊框 N。如圖4所示,當傳輸對應於視頻訊框N之RTP封包N時 遘信頻道封包406之容量增加’使得在該訊框週期期間可 傳輸完整封包。該等所描述之技術亦可應用於基於GSM、 GPRS或EDGE之通信頻道。 如圖4中所說明,將視頻訊框N、N+1、N+2、N+3、N+4 及N+5編碼成RTP封包且分別指派予通信頻道區塊408、 4 1 0、4 12、4 14、4 1 6及41 8。亦應注意,藉由改變通信頻 道容量以在一訊框週期内傳輸完整視頻訊框。舉例而言, 若視頻訊框速率為1 0 Hz則在1 00毫秒之訊框週期期間傳輸 101939.doc •19- 1353759 視頻資料之完整訊框。 對於視頻資料302之每一訊框,存在一對應的 音頻訊框 320 » 每一音頻訊框N、N+1、N+2、N+3、N+4 及 N+5 對應 於各自的視頻訊框且以10 Hz之速率出現,即每丨〇〇毫秒開 始一新的音頻訊框。相對於圖3所論述,音頻資料通常複 雜度較小,使得與所關聯之視頻資料相比音頻資料可由較 少之位元表不且通常將音頻資料編碼使得RTp封包322具有 一可在一訊框之100毫秒週期内經由通信頻道傳輸之尺 寸。即,音頻 RTP封包Ν' N+1、N+2、N+3、N+4 及N+5 具 有一尺寸,以將每一 RTP封包分別指派予通信頻道封包之 區塊326、328、330、332、334及336。因此,若視頻訊框 速率為10 Hz則可在1〇〇毫秒之訊框週期内經由通信頻道傳 輸每一視頻訊框。類似於視頻,若音頻封包尺寸較大,則 亦可改變通信頻道|量以支援在一訊框週期_間傳輸完整 音頻訊框。 在圖4中,指派視頻訊框與音頻訊框予其各自通信頻道 封包之間的比較,說明視頻及音頻訊框仍保持同步。換言 之母訊框週期傳輸一完整視頻訊框及一完整音頻訊 框。因為每一訊框週期傳輸一視頻及音頻之完整訊框,所 以無需額外緩衝。在―訊框週期期間僅需累積所接收之視 頻及音頻資料,且接著可將其播放出來。因為不存在由通 L頻道引入之延遲,所以視頻及音頻訊框仍保持同步。 如圖3所說明,應注意視頻訊框N+1 ' N+2及N+3僅需要 四個視頻通信頻道封包3〇6來傳輸視頻資料之完整訊框。 I0l939.doc -20· 1353759 如圖4所說明,可減少視頻通信頻道封包406之尺寸,使得 視頻資料大小適合五個封包,或可傳輸空白封包。同樣 =右在日頻通仏頻道中存在過剩之可用容量,則可傳輸 空白封包H編碼視頻及音頻資料,使得音頻及視頻 資料之完整訊框被指㈣佔用相同或較少週期之通信頻道 封包或各自的訊框速率。
如下文所描述,視通信網路之態樣而定,不同之技術可 用於同v化RTP串<^舉例而言,通信網路可為超額供應 的(ο· Pr〇ViSi_d),即其具有過剩容量,或通信網料 具有服務品質保證。另夕卜可修改RTp串流以便於通信網 路上傳輸時保持同步。下文將論述此等技術之每一者。 超額供應通信網路 在PDSN 208與發送器2〇6之間的通信鏈路為超額供應(即 在有線網際網路上存在可用於傳輸資料之過剩容量)之情 況下,不存在歸因於阻塞之延遲。因為在通信鏈路中存在 φ 過剩容量,所以無需延遲傳輸,使得通信鏈路可容納該傳 輸。在傳輸中無延遲之情況下,當語音及視頻封包到達基 礎結構(如到達PDSN)時,語音與視頻封包之間不存在,,時 間滑動"。換言之,音頻及視頻資料彼此保持同步直至 PDSN,且如本發明所描述的,在15][)8?^與Ms之間保持同 步° 在超額供應之情況下’易於實現音頻-視覺(audiovisual)同步 。舉例 而言’ 視頻資料可具有—基於1〇〇 毫秒 訊框之每秒1〇訊框(fps)之訊框速率,且相關聯之音頻可具 I01939.doc • 21 · 1353759 有基於20毫秒語音訊框之50 fps之訊框速率。在此實例 中’對所接收之音頻資料之五個訊框進行緩衝,使其與視 頻訊框速率同步。即,對應於100毫秒之音頻資料的五個 訊框將被緩衝,使其與1〇〇毫秒之視頻訊框同步。 對最大延遲具有服務品質保證之通信網路 藉由緩衝適當數目之較高訊框速率語音訊框可匹配—
較低訊框料視頻訊框。通常,若使用下列服務品質 (QoS)延遲保證傳遞視頻封包: 方程1
QoS_delay = nT ms 其中η為訊框中之延遲;且 T = l〇〇〇/frames__per_second 則需要具有儲存nT/w個語音訊框之尺寸的緩衝器來儲存 足夠的語音訊框以域保語音及視頻可同步,其中w為以毫 秒計的語音訊框之持續時間。在cdma2〇〇〇 umts中,纽土 訊框之持續時間w為20毫秒,在其它通信頻道中語音訊二 修之持續時間可不同或可改變。 用於音頻及視頻資料之同步的另一技術包括對二者之資 料串流均進行緩衝。舉例而言,若—通信系統具有%毫秒 之最大延遲保證,意謂Dq為在傳輸音頻及視頻串流期間可 經歷之最大延遲,則可採用一適當尺寸之缓衝器來保持同 〇 舉例而言,具有DQ之最大延遲保證,接著緩衝Dq/t個視 頻訊框(T為以毫秒計的視頻訊框之持續時間)及_個語 音訊框(w為以毫秒計的音頻訊框之持續時間)將確保音頻 101939.doc •22- 1353759 視頻同步(AV同步)。此等額外 (㈣⑽)緩衝器。 衝工間通常稱為去抖動 忒等技術描述音頻及視頻資料
Mm M-n ^ 爭之同步。該等技術可
與而要R步之任何資料串流一起使 續T >*,且古4 右存在兩個資料串 抓具有相同資訊間隔且需要同步之 貝^串 資料串流及—筮_的加7 Λ 乐較冋位兀速率 元速率之資料允許其與較低位元速率之=衝較局位 該缓衝器之尺寸視上述Q〇s而定。同樣 7可判疋 蔣齡含盘分γ ’ 如上文所描述可 字U乂低位元速率之資料串流 0Γ益rb · 還订緩衝並同步。 了猎由一資料串流同步器來執 串流同步器包括一經組態以接收資料 輸出-解碼第一資料串流之第 ^剛流並 資料串流在-資訊間隔期間具有==广編碼 組態以接H編碼資 π料,及一經 、长^反 叶並輪出-解碼第二資料串 /;,L第—解碼器,其中該第二編螞資咨 期間具有一第3貢枓串机在該資訊間隔 组離以累精! f料串流同步器亦包括一經 ,且心、以累積至少一資訊間隔之第— 間隔週期輸出—第一解碼資料“碼貝料串‘並在每--^ % ^ α 1 ,宰机訊框的第一緩衝器,及 每-門隔第二解碼資料串流並在 器。接著-…經組態以接:第4串::的第二緩衝 ^ M ^ 收第—解碼資料串流訊框及 第一解碼-貝料串流訊框 同步訊框。在-實例中,第^及第一解碼資料串流之 且第碼資料串流可為視頻資料 編碼資料串流為音頻資料,使得第-位元速率高於 101939.doc •23· 1353759 弟二位元速率。 具有經多路傳輸之音頻及視頻的單一 RTP串流 另一實施例為在一單一 RTp串流中載運音頻及視頻。應 龙思,在通常實踐中在Ip網路中不會將音頻及視頻作為單 一 RTP串流來傳輸。RTP經設計以使得具有不同資源(例 如,具有視頻與音頻功能之終端及僅具有音頻功能之終 端)之參與者能夠在同一多媒體會議中通信。 • 將音頻及視頻作為獨立RTP串流來傳輸之限制不能用於 視頻服務之無線網路。在此情況下,可設計一新的RTp輪 廓以載運特定語音及視頻編碼解碼器有效負載。將音頻及 視頻組合成通用RTP串流消除了音頻與視頻資料之間的任 何時間滑動而不需要超額供應通信網路。因此,結合上文 所描述之超額供應網路使用所描述之技術可實現音頻視頻 同步。 圓5為一經組態以接收通信頻道封包之無線音頻/視頻接 φ 收器500之一部分的方塊圖。如圖5中所示,音頻/視頻接 收器500包括一經組態以接收通信頻道封包之通信頻道介 面502。通信頻道介面5〇2輸出視頻通信頻道封包至一視頻 解碼器504且輸出音頻通信頻道封包至一音頻解碼器5〇6。 視頻解碼器5 04解碼視頻通信頻道封包並輸出視頻資料至 一視頻緩衝器508。音頻解碼器5〇6解碼音頻通信頻道封包 並輸出音頻資料至一音頻緩衝器5丨〇 ^視頻緩衝器5〇8及音 頻緩衝器分別累積一訊框週期之視頻及音頻資料。視頻緩 衝器508及音頻緩衝器510分別輸出一視頻訊框及一音頻訊 101939.doc -24- 1353759 框至一組合器512。組合器512經組態以組合視頻及音頻訊 框並輸出一同步音頻視頻訊號。可藉由控制器514控制視 頻緩衝器508、音頻緩衝器510及組合器512之運作。
圖6為一經組態以傳輸通信頻道封包之無線音頻/視頻傳 輸器600之一部分的方塊圖。如圖6中所示,音頻/視頻傳 輸器600包括一經組態以接收一視頻資料RTp串流之視頻通 信頻道介面602。該視頻通信頻道介面將RTp封包指派予通 信頻道封包。應注意,通信頻道封包之容量可變以便將 RTP視頻資料之完整訊框值(w〇rth)指派予佔用與視頻訊框 相同的週期之通信頻道封包。音頻/視頻傳輸器6〇〇亦包括 一經組態以接收一音頻資料RTP串流之音頻通信頻道介面 6〇4。音頻通信頻道介面6〇4將RTp封包指派予通信頻道封 包。應注意’通常通信頻道封包之容量足以將一 RTp音頻 =貝料之完整訊框指派予佔用與音頻訊框相同的週期之通信 頻道封包。若頻道容量不足則類似於視頻通信頻道封包, φ 可改變該音頻通信頻道容量使得存在足夠容量以將一 RTP 曰頻-貝料之完整訊框指派予佔用與音頻訊框相同的週期之 通信頻道封包。 視頻及音頻通信頻道介面602及604分別輸出視頻及音頻 通k頻道封包並連接至組合器6〇6。組合器606經組態以接 文視頻及音頻通信頻道封包且將其组合並輸出一複合訊 號。組合器606之輸出連接至將該複合訊號傳輸至無線頻 道之傳輸器608。可藉由控制器6 14控制視頻通信頻道介面 602、音頻通信頻道介面604及組合器606之運作。 101939.doc -25· 1353759 圖7為一經由無線通信鏈路傳輸獨立RTP串流之串流程 圖。串流程起始於方塊702 ’其中接收視頻及音頻RTP資料 串流。串流程接著繼續至方塊704,其中將視頻RTP串流指 派予通信頻道封包。在方塊706中將音頻RTP串流指派予通 信頻道封包。在方塊708中將視頻及音頻通信頻道封包組 合並經由無線頻道傳輸。 圖8為一經由無線通信頻道接收音頻及視頻資料之串流 程圖。串流程起始於方塊8〇2,其中經由一無線通信頻道 接收視頻及音頻資料。串流程繼續方塊8〇4 ’其中解碼視 頻及音頻資料《在方塊806中,將解碼視頻及音頻資料組 澤成各自的視頻及音頻訊框。在方塊808中,將視頻及音 頻資料組合成同步視頻/音頻訊框。在方塊8丨〇中,輸出該 同步視頻/音頻訊框。 圖9為一根據本發明之例示性實施例所建構之無線通信 裝置或一行動台(MS)之方塊圖。通信裝置902包括一網路 介面906、編碼解碼器908、一主機處理器91〇、一記憶體 裝置912、一程式產品914及一使用者介面916。 藉由網路介面906接收來自基礎結構之訊號並將其發送 至主機處理器910。主機處理器91〇接收訊號,且視訊號之 内容而定藉由適當之動作回應。舉例而言,主機處理器 9 10本身可解碼所接收之訊號,或其可投送所接收之訊號 至用於解碼之編碼解碼器9〇8。在另一實施例中,直接將 所接收之訊號自網路介面9〇6發送至編碼解碼器9〇8。 在一實施例中,網路介面906可為一收發器及一天線以 101939.doc -26- ==頻道與基礎結構建立介面。在另一 路介面906可為—網 T馮 基礎結構建立介面;丨’其用於經由陸上通信線與 號虛理可將編碼解碼器908實施為一數位訊 器。$ Sp),或―諸如中央處理h(CPU)之通用處理 912主機/w理器Μ""與編碼解碼器9〇8均連接至一記憶體裝置 及儲^⑶運作㈣記㈣裝置912可諸儲存f料,以 ,子’自主機處理器910或Dsp 9〇8執行之程式碼。舉例 制》主機處理器、編碼解碼器或二者可在程式指令之於 #下運作,該等指令臨時錯存於記憶體裝置912中。_ 處理㈣〇與編碼解码㈣8亦可包括其自身之程式儲存吃 憶體。當執行程式指令時,主機處 σ 908 a5 - 處理器910或編碼解碼器 上者執行其功能,例如解碼或編碼多媒體 如 曰頻/視頻資料)及組釋該等音頻及視頻訊框。因此,程式 步驟分別實施主機處理器㈣及編喝解艰器觸之功能性, =可主機處理器及編碼解碼器分別執行解碼或編碼内容 :及視需要組譯訊框之功能。可自—程式產品 式步驟。程式產品914可儲存該等程式步驟並將其 轉移至圮憶體912中以藉由主機處理考 者來執行。 ㈣理器、編碼解碼器或二 /式產品914可為半導體記憶體晶片,諸如_記憶 ^快閃記憶體、R⑽記憶體、咖咖記億體、EEpR〇M 石己憶體、暫存器、以及其它儲存裝 ^ 考如硬碑、扯敌式 碟片、CD.R〇M或此項技術中已知的可错存電腦可讀取指 101939.doc -27- 1353759 令之任何其它形式的儲存媒體。另外,程式產品9i4可為 包括程式步驟之源檔案,該源檔案自網路接收且儲存於芘 隐體中且接著被執行。以此方式,根據本發明之運作所需 的處理步驟可體現於程式產品9]4上。在圖9中,所展示: 例不性儲存媒體耦接至主機處理器910,使得主機處理器 可自該儲存媒體讀取資訊並將資訊寫入該儲存媒體。或 者,可將儲存媒體整合至主機處理器91〇中。 怎 鲁使用者介面916連接至主機處理器91〇及編碼解碼器 908。舉例而言,使用者介面916可包括用於輸出多媒體資 料至使用者之顯示器及揚聲器。 熟習此項技術者將瞭解在不偏離本發明之範疇的情況下 可互換結合實施例所描述之方法的步驟。 熟習此項技術者亦將瞭解可使用任何各種不同技術及工 藝來表示資訊及訊號。舉例而言,可藉由電麼、電串流、 電磁波、磁場或粒子' 光場或粒子或其任何組合來表示貫 _穿上文描述所參考之資料、指令、命令、資訊、訊號、位 元、符號及晶片。 熟習此項技術者將進一步瞭解結合本文所揭示之實施例 可將所為述之各種說明性邏輯區塊、模組、電路及演算法 步驟實施為電子硬體、電腦軟體或二者之組合。為清楚地 說明硬體及軟體之此可互換性,上文通常已根據其功能性 描述了各種說明性組件、區塊、模組、電路及步驟。此功 食b I·生疋否實%為硬體或軟體視特定應用及強加於整個系統 上之設計約束條件而定。對於每-特定應用熟練技工可以 10I939.doc -28- ⑶3759 不同方式來實施所述之功能性,但是不應將此實施決策理 解為導致偏離本發明之範_。 可藉由通用處理器 '數位訊號處理器(Dsp)、特殊應用 積體電路(ASIC)、現場可程式化閉極陣列(fpga)或其^可 程式化邏輯設備、離散閘極或電晶體邏輯、離散硬體組件 或經設計以執行本文所描述之功能的其任何組合來實施或 執行結合本文所揭示的實施例而描述之各種說明性邏輯 塊'模組及電路。通用處理器可為一微處理器,但是或者 Μ㈣習知處理器、控制器、微控制器或狀態 機。亦可將一處理器實施為計算裝置之组合,例如DM及 微處理器之經合、複數個微處理器、一或多個微處理器連 同一DSP核,或任何其它此組態。 結合本文所揭示之實施例而描述的方法或演算法之步驟 可直接體現於硬體中、由處理器所執行之軟體模組中或二 0中軟體模組可駐留於RAM記憶體、快閃記憶 f、R〇M記憶體、咖⑽記憶體、EEPR〇M記憶體、暫存 M W柚取式碟片、CD-ROM或此項技術中已知的任 式之儲存媒體中。—例示性健存媒體搞接至處理 〆處理器可自該儲存媒體讀取資訊並將資訊寫入 ㈣存媒體°或者’儲存媒體可與該處理器形成-整體。 該處理=及該儲存媒體可位於ASIC中。廳可駐留於使 :者,端中°或者’該處理器及該健存媒體可作為離散組 件駐g於使用者終端中。
提供所揭示眚大&九丨Λ A 之先前描述以使得任何熟習此項技術 10l939.doc •29· 1353759 者此進行或使用本發明。熟習此項技術者將易於瞭解對此 等實施例之各種修改,且在不偏離本發明之精神或範疇的 情況下本文所界定之一般原理可應用於其它實施例。因 此,本發明並非意欲限制於本文所示之實施例,但是應符 δ與本文所揭示之原理及新賴特徵一致之最廣泛範嘴。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為一根據本發明所建構之通信系統之一部分的說 明。 圖2為一說明在圖1系統中之無線網路上用於傳遞封包資 料之一例示性封包資料網路及各種無線電介面選項的方塊 圖。 圖3為一說明在無線通信頻道上傳輸獨立RTp串流之習知 技術中之同步困難的圖表。 圖4為說明根據本發明在無線通信頻道上傳輸獨立RTp串 流之技術的圖表。 圖5為經組態以接收通信頻道封包之無線音頻/視頻接 收器之一部分的方塊圖。 圖ό為一經組態以傳輸通信頻道封包之無線音頻/視頻傳 輸器之一部分的方塊圖。 圖7為一在無線通信鏈路上傳輸獨立RTp串流之串流程 圖。 圖8為一在無線通信頻道上接收音頻及視頻資料之串流 程圖。 圖9為一根據本發明之例示性實施例所建構之無線通信 101939.doc 1353759 裝置或行動台(MS)的方塊圖。 【主要元件符號說明】
100 通信系統 101 基礎結構 102 基地台 104, 105 無線通信裝置 106 基地台控制器 108 行動交換中心 120 交換網路 122, 124 陸上通信裝置 132, 134, 136, 138 訊號 200 封包交換資料網路 202 無線電介面 204 接收節點/MS 206 發送節點 208 服務節點/PDSN 210 控制器 /(BSC/PCF) 212 網路/網際網路 302 視頻訊框 304 RTP串流/RTP封包 306 通信頻道封包 308, 310, 312, 314, 316 區塊 320 音頻訊框 322 RTP串流/RTP封包 10I939.doc •31 · 1353759 324 通信頻道封包 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336 區塊 406 通信頻道封包 408, 410, 412, 414, 416, 418 通信頻道區塊 500 音頻/視頻接收器 502 通信頻道介面 504 視頻解碼器 506 音頻解碼器 508 視頻緩衝器 510 音頻緩衝器 512 組合器 514 控制器 602 視頻通信頻道介面 604 音頻通信頻道介面 608 傳輸器 610 控制器 902 通信裝置 906 網路介面 908 編碼解碼器 910 主機處理器 912 記憶體裝置/記憶體 914 程式產品 916 使用者介面 101939.doc ·32·
Claims (1)
1353759 /00年午月龙日修正本 第094115718號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍替換本&〇〇年4月) 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種資料串流同步器,其包含·· 一第一解碼器,其經組態以接 並铪中一笛# 第—編碼資料串流 並輸出第-解碼資料串流,其中該第申流 在-資訊間隔期間具有-第一位元速率;碼剛流 -第二解碼器,其經組態以接收 並輸出—第二解碼資料串流,其中該第=碼讀率流 在該資訊間隔期間具有一第二位元速率料串流 編碼資料串流為音頻f料; U該第二 -第-緩衝器’其經組態以累積至 第一解碼資料串产 I訊間隔之該 資料串流之在每一間隔期間輪出該第-解碼 2二緩衝器,其經組態以累積至少—資訊間隔之节 J-解物串流’並在每一間隔期 : 資料串流之-關;及 丨解碼 σ器其經組態以接收該第一解媽資料串产 及該第二解碼眘社虫4 Λ 叶甲机讯框 解碼貧枓串流訊框,並輸出第—及第 料串流之—同步訊框。 解馬育 2.如凊求項1之資料,流同步器,其中該第-編瑪資料串 流為視頻資料。 3·如睛求項1之資料奉流同步器,其中該第-位元速率言 於该第二位元速率。 巧 4.種遠端站台設備,其包含: 視頻解竭器’其經組態以接收編碼視頻資料並輸出 101939-1000428.doc 解碼視頻資料; 曰頻解碼器,其經組態以接收編碼音頻資料並輪出 解碼音頻資料; 一視頻緩衝器,其經組態以累積至少—訊框週期之解 碼視頻資料,並在每一訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊框; 曰頻緩衝器,其經組態以累積多個訊框週期之解碼 音頻資料,並在每一訊框週期輸出一音頻資料訊框;及 一組合器,其經組態以接收該視頻資料訊框及該音頻 資料訊框’並輸出音頻視頻資料之—同步訊框。 5.如請求項4之遠端站台,其中該視頻解碼器為一動態影 像壓縮標準(MPEG)解碼器、H.263解碼器或H.264解碼 器。 ’ 6·如請求項4之遠端站台,其中該音頻解碼器為一^1叩^解 碼器、H.263解碼器或H.264解碼器。 7.如凊求項4之遠端站台,進一步包含一控制該音頻及視 頻資料之解碼及同步之控制處理器。 8· 一種基地台設備,其包含: 一視頻解碼器’其經組態以接收編碼視頻資料並輸出 解碼視頻資料; 一音頻解碼器,其經組態以接收編碼音頻資料並輸出 解碼音頻資料; 一視頻緩衝器,其經組態以累積一視頻訊框週期之解 碼視頻資料’並在每一訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊框; 一音頻緩衝器’其經組態以累積一音頻訊框週期之解 101939-1000428.doc -2- 1353759 碼音頻資料, 框;及 並在每一訊框週期輸出一音頻資料訊 9. 10. 11. 12. 組合器’其經組態以接收該視頻資料訊框及該音頰 =料訊框,並輸出音頻視頻資料之一同步訊框。 ^求項8之基地台’其t該視頻解瑪器為-MPEG解竭 器H.263解碼器或h.264解碼器。 ^请求項8之基地台,其中該音頻解碼器為-MPEG解瑪 器、Η·263解碼器或Η·264解碼器。 :請求項8之基地台’進一步包含一控制該音頻及視頻 為料之解碼及同步之控制處理器。 —種無線通信系統,其包含: —基地台設備,其包含: 一視頻通信頻道介面,其經組態以接收—視頻即時 傳送協定(RTP)串流,並將RTp視頻資料之—完整訊框指 派予佔用與该視頻訊框速率相同或比該視頻訊框速率更 少之週期的通信頻道封包; 音頻通信頻道介面,其經組態以接收一音頻RTp 串机,並將RTP音頻資料之一完整訊框指派予佔用與該 音頻訊框速率相同或比該音頻訊框速率更少之週期的通 信頻道封包; 一傳輸器,其經組態以接收並傳輸該等視頻及音頻 通信頻道封包; 一遠端站台設備,其包含: 一視頻解碼器,其經組態以接收視頻通信頻道封包 101939-1000428.doc 並輸出解碼視頻資料; 、S頻解竭裔’其經組態以接收音頻通信頻道封包 並輸出解碼音頻資料; 、見頻緩衝器’其經組態以累積—視頻訊框週期之 解碼視頻資料’並在每一訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊 框; 一音頻緩衝器,其經組態以累積一音頻訊框週期之 解碼音頻貧料,並在每—訊框週期輸出—音頻資料訊 框;及 一組合器,其經組態以接收該視頻資料訊框及該音 頻資料訊框,並輸出一音頻視頻資料之同步訊框。 13. 一種無線通信系統,其包含: 一遠端站台設備,其包含: 一視頻通信頻道介面’其經組態以接收一視頻RTp 串流,並將RTP視頻資料之一完整訊框指派予佔用與該 視頻訊框速率相同或比該視頻訊框速率更少之週期的通 信頻道封包; 一音頻通信頻道介面,其經組態以接收—音頻RTP 串流,並將RTP音頻資料之一完整訊框指派予佔用與該 音頻訊框速率相同或比該音頻訊框速率更少之週期的通 信頻道封包; 一傳輸器,其經組態以接收並傳輸該等視頻及音頻 通信頻道封包; 一基地台設備,其包含: 101939-1000428.doc -4· 1353759 一視頰解碼器,其經組態以接收視頻通信頻道封包 - 並輸出解碼視頻資料; - 音頻解碼器,其經組態以接收音頻通信頻道封包 並輸出解碼音頻資料; 一視頻緩衝器,其經組態以累積一視頻訊框週期之 解碼視頻資料,並在每一訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊 框; φ s頻緩衝器,其經組態以累積一音頻訊框週期之 解碼音頻貧料,並在每一訊框週期輸出一音頻資料訊 框;及 ' ° 器其經組態以接收該視頻資料訊框及該音 頻資料訊枢,並輪出一音頻視頻資料之同步訊框。 14. 一種用於解剌步資料串流之方法,其包含: 二二―編碼資㈣流、解碼該第-編碼資料並輸 碼資料串流,其中該第一編碼資料串流在一 資訊間隔期間具有一第一位元速率; 接收'一苐—編碼資料电、,古 ㈨ '解碼該第二編碼資料並輸 出第一解碼貝料串流,其中該第 資訊間隔期間具有一第-仞_ 土 * 貝了叶申抓在及 -w… 速率,且其中該第二編碼 貢料串流為音頻資料; 累積至少-資訊間隔之該第 Μ κ…田如& , _馬貧枓串流,並在每 -間隔週期輸出該第一解碼資料串流之 累積至夕育訊間隔之該第二解碼 -間隔週期輸出該第二解碼 串-,並在母 貝抖串流之—訊框;及 101939-1000428.doc 1^53759 組合該第一解碼資料串流訊框及該第二解碼資料串流 訊框,並輸出第一及第二解碼資料串流之一同步訊框。 1 5.—種用於解碼並同步音頻及視頻資料之方法,該方法包 含: 接收編碼視頻資料並輸出解碼視頻資料; 接收編碼音頻資料並輸出解碼音頻資料; 累積至少一視頻訊框週期之解碼視頻資料,並在每 訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊框;
累積至少一音頻訊框週期之解碼音頻資料,並在每一 S扎框週期輸出一音頻資料訊框;及 組合該視頻資料訊框及該音頻資料訊框,並在 頻訊框週期輸出音頻視頻資料之—同步訊框。 視 16. —種實施一用於解碼及同步資料串流 取媒體,該方法包含·· 之方法的電腦可讀 伐叹一弟一編碼資料串 出一解满笛一 —不娜碼貧料三 解碼第—貧料串流,其中該第—編碼
資訊間隔期間具有-第一位元速率; “ 接收一第二編碼資料串流、 出一解碼第二第―編碼資⑼ 資訊間隔期間具有一第貝科串流4 資料串流為音頻資料; -第二海 =積至少1訊間隔之該第—解碼 一間隔週_出該第-解碼資料流之—並名 累積至少一資訊間隔之該 ° 鮮碼貝科串流,並在 101939-1000428.doc -6 - 1353759 一間隔週期輸出該第二解碼資料串流之一訊框;及 組合該第一解碼資料串流訊框及該第二解碼資料串流 訊框,並輸出第一及第二解碼資料串流之一同步訊框。 17. —種實施一用於解碼及同步音頻及視頻資料之方法的電 腦可讀取媒體,該方法包含: 接收編碼視頻資料並輸出解碼視頻資料; 接收編碼音頻資料並輸出解碼音頻資料; 累積一視頻訊框週期之解碼視頻資料,並在每—訊框 週期輸出一視頻資料訊框; 累積一音頻訊框週期之解碼音頻資料,並在每一訊框 週期輸出一音頻資料訊框;及 組合該視頻資料訊框及該音„料訊框,並輪出 視頻資料之一同步訊框。 ’ 18· —種資料串流同步器,其包含: 用於解石馬-第-編碼資料串流,並輸出一第 料串流之構件,B . 与貝 期…1 碼育料串流在-資訊間隔 '月間具有一第一位元速率; 用於解碼一第二編碼資料串 社虫,ώ L並輪出一第二解碼資 枓串流之構件,其中該第- τ /弟一編碼資料串流 期間具有一第二位元亲盘 貝A間Pm 為音頻資料; ,〃中該第二編碼資料串流 在Π積至少1訊間隔之該第-解碼資料串流,並 件;隔週期輸出該第―解竭資料串流之-訊框的構 101939-1000428.doc 丄/ 用於累積至少一資訊間 如卜 间^之該第二解碼資料串流,並 在母一間隔週期輸出缔货 此· ㈣㈣第二解碼資料串流之〆訊框的構 件,及 用於組合該第一 串流訊框,並輸出 框的構件。 解碼貢料串流訊框及該第二解碼資料 第—及第二解碼資料串流之同步訊 19. 一種遠端站台設備,其包含: 用於接收編碼視頻資料並輸出解碼視頻資料之構件; 用於接收編碼音頻資料並輸出解碼音頻資料之構件; 用於累積一視頻訊框週期之解碼視頻資料,並在每— 訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊框的構件; 用於累積-音頻訊框週期之解碼音頻資料,並在每— 訊框週期輸出—音頻資料純的構件;及 用於組合該視頻資料訊框及該音頻資料訊框,並輸出 一音頻視頻資料之同步訊框的構件。 20. —種基地台設備,其包含: 用於接收,·扁碼視頻資料並輸出解石馬視頻資料之構件; 用於接收編碼音頻資料並輸出解碼音頻資料之構件; 用於累積一視頻訊框週期之解碼視頻資料,並在每— 訊框週期輸出一視頻資料訊框的構件; 用於累積一音頻訊框週期之解碼音頻資料,並在每— 訊框週期輸出一音頻資料訊框的構件;及 用於,’·且σ „亥視頻資料訊框及該音頻資料訊框,並輸出 一音頻視頻資料之同步訊框的構件。 101939-1000428.doc -8 - 1353759 - 第094115718號專利申請案 中文圖式替換頁(95年9月) 視頻資料 RTP流 音頻資料 RTP流
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI487360B (zh) * | 2012-06-05 | 2015-06-01 | 美國博通公司 | 用戶認證系統及其方法 |
US9160546B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2015-10-13 | Broadcom Corporation | Authenticating users based upon an identity footprint |
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