TW533660B - DC to DC converter method and circuitry - Google Patents

DC to DC converter method and circuitry Download PDF

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Publication number
TW533660B
TW533660B TW090110609A TW90110609A TW533660B TW 533660 B TW533660 B TW 533660B TW 090110609 A TW090110609 A TW 090110609A TW 90110609 A TW90110609 A TW 90110609A TW 533660 B TW533660 B TW 533660B
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Taiwan
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voltage
polarity
mode
patent application
controller
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TW090110609A
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English (en)
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Volodymyr Muratov
Robert Hodgins
Thomas Jochum
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Intersil Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1563—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators without using an external clock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Description

533660 五、發明說明（2) 與—做為負荷之電阻器 電感器2 2串聯。感測電 而提供負荷電流之資料 測電阻器2 6之電壓信號 以比較並當感測到之電 值時即操作一開關將脈 器1 4間之控制器加以交 在高輸出電流位準時 變控制器提供有效且可 時，以固定頻率脈衝寬 器之效率則降低，這是 隻為具決定性。^一個簡 器在輕負荷方面之效率 荷電流降至低於最低臨 使脈衝寬度調變控制器 臨界點時，脈衝寬度調 可維持廣大範圍負荷電 臨界電流之理想轉換 電流」時之電流位準上 總能量於每一週期傳送 流低於臨界值時，電感 某一倒反方向。當電感 器（下方場效電晶體1 8) 券電谷為23。為保持輸 2 4之並聯網路。一感測電阻器2 6與 阻器上之電壓則與隅合至控制器1 0 。控制器中之比較器1 3接收來自感 ’將之與顯示臨界電流之參考值加 流=至低於比較器參考輸入之臨界 衝寬度調變控制器丨2與一磁滯控制 換。 ’具有一同步整流器之脈衝寬度調 控制之輸出調節。當負荷電流變-低 度調變模式操作之直流至直流變換 因為脈衝寬度調變之交換損失此時 單磁滞（紋波）控制器即可改善變換 。該積體電路感測負荷電流並在負 界點時即啟動磁滞（紋波）控制器且 失效。當負荷電流增加至超過最低 變控制器再恢復控制，以此種方式 流之高效率。 點通常是在電感器電流變為「臨界 。臨界電流是儲存在電感器Μ中之 至負荷時之負荷電流值。當負荷電 裔電流必須通過零而在該週期^之 器電流改變方向時，由於同步整流 之雙向傳導而使能量取自輸出濾波 出之調節，更多能量會在下一操作 533660 五、發明說明（3) 通期中被傳送到該濾波器電容 換至磁滯控制器“，否則變換;！效率會控制器被交 總壽命也會減少。 電池電力之移動系統中，系統之 為防止在次臨界電流上操 導體場效電晶體18須有如同二極體導下=半 電感器電流變成斷續式。在固定 導。这可確使 =斷續傳導模式操作變換器π會造成；制： 閉環增益增大而易使變…穩 ^ ^ ώΛ員、·，σ締，就是最好用磁滯模式俾能有安全 ’穩疋與有效之次臨界電流作業。 寬度調變或磁滞模式作業，控制器1〇感測負 中與負荷電流成比例之任何電流並將感測 :之負何电沭與-參考值加以比較。若該負荷電流大於參 ^值即啟動脈衝寬度調變模式作業。否則變換器1〇以磁滯 扠式作業。此一被廣泛使用之方法全視目前感測電路之公 差而定。因目前在電腦應用上直流至直流變換器之輸出電 壓曰漸降低而輸出電流日漸増大且在短時間内有很大變化 ’精確而有效地測量電流非常困難。這增加了對交換點之 不確定性也因而使整個變換器之操作無法預估。 … 本發明包括一直流至直流變換器電路，該電路含有一脈 衝寬度調變控制器及一磁滯控制器而各控制器在一系列之 重複父換週期中將第一電壓轉換成第二電壓，該變換器電 路並有一模式選擇電路按照耦合至第二電壓負荷之電流需
533660 - _ 五、發明說明（4) 求選擇該兩個控制器中之一個， 電座與-參考電•加以比較並?：比較器用於 — 代表第二電壓之極性信號，而且每一交換週期結二 至：”交器與模式選擇開關來記錄：個或多個計數器“ 二電屋之極性而只要在每—週期钟=一交換週期結束時 前面η個週期中者相同時即保持模式二第二電壓之極性輿 模式而當週期結束時第二電壓之極、擇開關在其目前之、 一極性改變延續η個週期時即摔作槎々與前一週期不同且此 一控制器。 米作杈式選擇開關去選擇另 $::土包括一種將一個直流電壓變換為另· ί Γ ΐ:ΐ脈衝寬度調變器模式及磁滯調度哭模ί流電壓 電壓負荷之電流需求選擇兩種模式中之—：據：合至第二 期結束時第二電壓之極性，只要在每一姓感7交換週 Μ之極性與前面η個週期中者相同時即保持第二電 當該週期結束時第二電壓之極性與7一伴二目， 變延續η個週期時即選擇另一模式。 5且極性改 該直流至直流變換器及直流至直流變換之方法 。該電路包括-脈衝寬度調變控制器與—磁滯控：；優點 種控制|§均在一系列重複交換週期中將—輸入^ — ς二兩 換為-輸出第二電壓。該電路有一模式選二變 =電感器耗合至第二電壓負荷之電流需以 種控制器之-。該模式選擇開關有-比較器用於將 壓與-參考電壓(地)加以比較而感測每—交換週期结；： 第8頁 533660 -—_ — 五、發明說明（5) - 第二電麼之極性。六 咸哭站r ♦、 又換週期結束時輸出電壓之極性為對電 i ΐ流Ϊ，3 ΐ ° Ϊ電感器是連續操作且負荷電流超過臨 ，交：二汗1關波節之極性為正。若電感器是斷續操作時 又換波即之極性為負。 時：數：：：：f數器耦合至比較器與模式選擇開關。此 且蔣琴二次=一父換週期結束時記錄下來第二電壓之極性 之極‘並i二=存一個既定數目週期之時間。若交換波節 (脈衝寬/控制器即保持在其本來操作之模式_ 性改變計數器來防止單一 ·極 义〜幻干乂換。該對改 關之原因而發生。因此只要二、曰因與保持負荷狀況無 極性無變化，計數器即“式結束時第二電壓之 二但當極性改變且該改變持續η個交〜奐y呆持其目前之模式 态:操作模式選擇開關將操作改變至另週—期上時，計數 換器本來以脈衝寬度調變模式 —模式。亦即若變 反之亦然。 、？變換至磁滞模式， :第二電壓之極性在〇個週期均為正日士 換為電路將模式選擇開關交換至磁 ^，直流至直流變 極性在η個週期均為負時則將模式選摆異式而當第二電壓之 度調變控制器。用不同計收器來叶瞀4關交換至脈衝寬 個週期之數對兩個計數器而完可^二、負週期。所謂η 下文中將參考下述附圖對本發明之與也可以不同。 圖1 a為單一模式直流至直流變換器:，加以說明： 圖lb為雙模式直流至直流變換器：略：圖。 第9頁 53366〇 五、發明說明（6) 圖2a至2c為在連續傳導中變換器性能之曲線圖。 圖2d至2f為在斷續傳導中變換器性能之曲線圖。 f 3a至3d為本發明之作業在脈衝寬度調變與磁滯操作中 <曲線圖。 =ί ί式控制式直流至直流變換器之略圖。 控制—拉式控制式直流至直流變換器之詳.圖。 據對該變^ f二至直流變換器操作模式之方法與電路是根 換週期肖Ϊ ^換波節1電壓波形差異之们則。在每一交 為連續性（因:二換波即電壓之極性全視濾;皮器電感器電-流 定。圖2a、二=電流)、或斷、續性(低於臨界電流)而 期結束時交換波不、古績性電感15電流時之情形，交換週 流為斷續ϊϊίΐΐ有一負電壓。當2d~2f顯示電感器電 一 fl i队 父換週期結束時電壓為一正雷® \ ::降壓變換器t，僅有一個二 情形。在 壓之2 束時交換波節電壓會成為大#:Ϊ ίϋ!壓。☆-同步整流器降麼變換ΐΐ 輸出電 迫=波節至由同步開關電阻所決定：；：電流之倒反 參看圖4，士找 〈小量正電壓〇 爽龄、目丨，本發明雙模式變換器100有一浐 下方金氧半導體電晶體16= ^則例如熟於此項枯倂去叮六^ = t夕其他位置加以監 地之間串聯插、：者了在下方金虱半導體電晶體18與 顯示在脈衝ΪΪ:小電阻器(千分之幾歐姆）。圖3之頂部 壓。當變；模式及隨後磁滯模式中之直流輸出電 力a 乍於脈衝寶唐調變煜夫丄-

Claims (1)

  1. 533660 案號 90110609 92. 1. 14 ,；；·；： I.令_ vfj y'tj 年修A ; ” 六、申請專利範圍 ____________ 1 . 一種直流至直流變換器電路，含有一脈衝寬度調變器 控制器及一磁滯控制器，各控制器用於在一連串重複之交 換週期中將第一電壓變換為第二電壓，該變換器亦含有一 模式選擇電路用於按照耦合至第二電壓負荷之電流需求來 選擇兩個控制器中之一個及一比較器用於將第二電壓和一 參考電壓加以比較而產生代表在每一交換週期結束時第二 電壓極性之信號並且有一個或多個耦合至該比較器與模式 選擇開關之計數器用於記錄在每一交換週期結束時第二電 壓極性之極性而只要在每一週期結束時第二電壓之極性與 前面η個週期者相同時即保持模式選擇開關在其目前之模 式而當週期結束時第二電壓極性之極性變得與前一週期者 不同且此一極性改變持續η個週期時即操作模式選擇開關 選擇另一控制器。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項之直流至直流變換器電路，其 中該等計數器在第二電壓之極性有η個週期均為正時即將 該模式選擇開關交換至磁滯模式控制器。 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之直流至直流變換器電路，其 中該等計數器在第二電壓之極性有η個週期均為負時即將 該模式選擇開關交換至脈衝寬度調變器控制器。 4. 一種直流至直流變換器，含有在一連串重複交換週期 中將第一電壓加以脈衝寬度調變及紋波調變而將第一電壓 變換成第二電壓之裝置並含有依照耦合至第二電壓負荷之 電流需求選擇兩種調變裝置中一種之裝置及用於感測交換 週期結束時第二電壓之極性之裝置以及用於當交換週期結
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第15頁 ? t ι0^ι 修正 533660 案號 90Π0609 月 々、申請專利範圍 ——一=^119 束時第二電壓之極性改變時從一種調變裝置交換至另一調 變裝置之裝置。 5 .如申請專利範圍第4項之變換器，其中該感測第二電 壓極性之裝置含有將第二電壓與一極性參考電壓加以比較 之裝置、產生代表每一交換週期結束時第二電壓極性信號 之裝置、記錄在η個週期中每一交換週期結束時第二電壓 極性之裝置、只要每一週期結束時第二電壓之極性與前面 η個週期者相同時即保持目前調變裝置之裝置及在週期結 束時第二電壓之極性變得與前一週期者不同且此一極性改 變持續η個週期時即選擇另一調變裝置之裝置。 6 .如申請專利範圍第4項之變換器，其中該選擇裝置在 第二電壓之極性在η個週期均為正時即選擇紋波調變裝置 ，其中該選擇裝置在第二電壓之極性在η個週期均為負時 即選擇脈衝寬度調變裝置。 7 . —種將一直流電壓變換為另一直流電壓之方法，包括 脈衝寬度調變器模式及磁滯調變器模式用於在一連串重複 之交換週期中產生第二電壓，按照耦合至第二電壓負荷之 電流需求選擇兩種模式中之一種，感測在交換週期結束時 第二電壓之極性，只要在每一週期結束時第二電壓之極性 與前面η個週期者相同時即保持目前之模式及在週期結束 時第二電壓之極性變得與前一週期者不同且此一極性改變 持續η個週期時即選擇另一模式。 8 .如申請專利範圍第7項之方法，其中感測第二電壓之 步驟包括將第二電壓與一極性參考電壓加以比較，產生一
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第16頁 533660 Ή _案號90110609 年/月日 修正 _ 六、申請專利範圍 個代表每一交換週期結束時第二電壓極性之信號及記錄每 一交換週期結束時第二電壓之極性而且當第二電壓之極性 在η個週期均為正時即選擇磁滯模式。 9 .如申請專利範圍第7項之方法，其中當第二電壓之極 性在η個週期均為負時即選擇脈衝寬度調變模式。 1 0. —種於一直流至直流變換器中於一相對為高電流位 準之第一操作模式與一相對為低電流位準之第二操作模式 之間交換之方法，該方法包含： 當交換週期間監視電感器電流；及 於一交換週斯之選擇數目已經過去而電感電流連續 越過零後改變一操作模式。 1 1.如申請專利範圍第1 0項之方法，其中交換週期之選 擇曰為8。 1 2.如申請專利範圍第1 0項之方法，其中當電感電流之 極性符號改變時電感電流越過零。 1 3. —種於一直流至直流變換器中於一相對為高電流位 準之一第一操作模式與一相對為低電流位準之第二操作模 式之間交換之方法，該方法包含： 在父換週期間監視電感電流，及 當電感電流已經越過8個連續交換週期之零時，自第 一操作模式交換成第二操作模式。 1 4.如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法，其中該監視電感電 流尚包含： 監視一輸出電壓之極性。
    O:\70W0992-920113.ptc 第17頁 533660 g—Γη—函 案號90110609 年 /月/^曰 丨修正 ' 六、申請專利範圍 1' ………一::： 1 5.如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法，尚包含： 未計算於電感電流越過零之8個連續交換週期而自第 二操作模式交換至第一操作模式。 1 6.如申請專利範圍第1 5項之方法，其中自第二操作模 式交換至第一操作模式尚包含： 偵測超過一選擇參考電壓之一負載電壓回饋。 1 7. —種直流至直流變換器，包含： 一比較器，將一波節電壓與一參考接地電壓比較， 其中波節電壓用於監視一電感電流； 一或多個計數器，搞合於比較器以便於電感電流連 續越經零計算已經過之一些數目之交換週期；及 一模式選擇控制器，耦合至計數器電路，以便電感 電流連續越經零基於已經過一些數目之交換週期之控制器 模式之間交換。 1 8.如申請專利範圍第1 7項之直流至直流變換器，其中 當波節電壓改變極性時電感電流越經零。 1 9.如申請專利範圍第1 7項之直流至直流變換器，其中 當於電感電流連續越經零8個交換週期經過時模式選擇控 制器交換模式。 2 〇 .如申請專利範圍第1 7項之直流至直流變換器，其中 一或多個計數器尚包含： 用於計算正極性之一第一計數器；及 用於計算負極性之一第二計數器。 2 1 .如申請專利範圍第1 7項之直流至直流變換器，其中
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第18頁 533660 年 Β ρ Γ:;·* jj— 案號 90110609 >年ί月，f日 修i 士士_ 六、申請專利範圍 一一―U 模式選擇控制器交換於一用於較高電感電流位準之第一控 制器模式與一用於較低電感電流位準之第二控制器模式之 間。 2 2.如申請專利範圍第2 1項之直流至直流變換器，包 含： 一負載電流暫態比較器，適於當直流至直流變換器 係於第二控制器模式時將波節電壓與一參考電壓比較，其 中如果波節電壓大於參考電壓時模式選擇控制器便未計算 電感電流連續越經零已經過交換週期之數目即交換至第一 控制器模式。 2 3. —種用於一直流至直流變換器之控制器電路，該控 制器電路包含： 至少一控制器，適於控制直流至直流變換器於用於 較高負載電流位準之一第一操作模式與用於較低負載電流 位準之一第二操作模式之間之操作；及 一模式選擇邏輯，模式選擇邏輯會有， 一比較器，適於監視代表當一交換週期時一電感電 流越經零之一信號， 一或多個計數器，適於基於當一交換週期時代表電 感電流越經零之信號之增加，及 其中模式選擇邏輯被耦合於至少一控制器以便當電 感電流於一選擇數目連續交換週期時將操作自第一操作模 式交換至第二操作模式。 2 4.如申請專利範圍第2 3項之控制器電路，其中該連續
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第19頁 533660 _案號90110609 年/月丨令曰 修正 六、申請專利範圍 銳1 1、 交換週期之選擇數目為8。 2 5.如申請專利範圍第2 3項之控制器電路，其中該至少 一控制器包含： 適於驅動一上方金氧半導體場效電晶體之第一輸 出：及 適於驅動一下方金氧半導體場效電晶體之一第二輸 出，其中上方金氧半導體場效電晶體與下方金氧半導體場 效電晶體係耦合於一電感以控制電感電流。 2 6. —種操作一直流至直流變換器之方法，該方法包 含： 監視當一交換週期時代表一電感電流越經零之一信 號； 基於當一交換週期時代表電感電流越經零之信號而 增加一計數器；及 當電感電流已經連續越經零而發生一選擇數目之交 換週期時，交換操作模式。 2 7.如申請專利範圍第2 6項之方法，其中該交換操作模 式尚包含： 計算電感電流越經零之8個連續交換週期。 2 8.如申請專利範圍第2 6項之方法，其中該交換操作模 式尚包含： 將適於寄納較高負載電流之一第一操作模式失能； 及 將適於寄納較低負載電流之一第二操作模式致能。
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第20頁 533660 * ' ' —----- 案號 90110609 年丨月if β i φίΛ- l4-；>JJ：j ......... .…" - —一"" … / .. — ..........j ~ *; ' ·"- 六、申請專利範圍 丨 2 9. —種直流至直流變換器，包含： ~ ^~ 具有一第一電晶體輸出之一第一交換電晶體； 具有一第二電晶體輸出之一第二交換電晶體； 一電感，具有耦合至第一與第二電晶體輸出之一第 一端以及適於輕合至一負載之一第二端；以及 一控制電路，適於於一較高負載電流之第一操作模 式與一較低負載電流之第二操作模式之間操作，該控制電 路具有耦合接以驅動第一交換電晶體之一第一輸出以及耦 接以驅動第二交換電晶體之一第二輸出，該控制電路尚包 含， 一比較器，耦接以監視當一交換週期時代表電感電 流越經零之一信號，以及 一或多個計數器，耦接以便基於當一交換週期時代 表電感電流越經零之信號而增加，其中當電感電流於一選 擇數日之連續交換週期越經零時控制電路將操作自第一操 作模式交換至第二操作模式。 3 0.如申請專利範圍第2 9項之直流至直流變換器，其中 該連續交換週期之選擇數目為8。 3 1. —種直流至直流變換器，包含 一交換裝置，用於建立交換週期； I禺合至交換裝置之一電感裝置； 具有一第一操作模式與一第二操作模式之一控制裝 置，控制裝置耦接以控制交換裝置； 一比較器裝置，耦接以監視當一交換週期時代表電
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第21頁 533660 案號 90110609 月 曰 踗 I 1T. 修正月^ 獻正 六、申請專利範圍 ---------- 感越經零之電流之一信號； 一計數器裝置，基於當一交換週期時代表電感越經 零之電流之信號而增加；以及 其中該控制器裝置適於當穿經電感之電流已越過零 而有一選擇數目之連續交換週期發生時於第一與第二操作 模式之間交換。 3 2.如申請專利範圍第3 1項之直流至直流變換器，其中 該連續交換週期之選擇數目為8。 3 3.如申請專利範圍第3 1項之直流至直流變換器，其中 該控制器裝置之第一操作模式係用於較高之負載電源消耗 以及控制器裝置之第二操作模式係用於較低之負載電源消 耗。 3 4.如申請專利範圍第3 3項之直流至直流變換器，其中 當穿過電感之電流越經零而8個連續交換週期已發生時控 制器裝置自第一操作模式交換至第二操作模式。
    O:\70\70992-920113.ptc 第22頁
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