TW495845B - Semiconductor wafer and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Semiconductor wafer and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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TW495845B
TW495845B TW090107219A TW90107219A TW495845B TW 495845 B TW495845 B TW 495845B TW 090107219 A TW090107219 A TW 090107219A TW 90107219 A TW90107219 A TW 90107219A TW 495845 B TW495845 B TW 495845B
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crystal layer
substrate
crystal
crystals
sigec
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Yoshihiko Kanzawa
Katsuya Nozawa
Tohru Saitoh
Minoru Kubo
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Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd
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Description

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495845 A7 五、發明說明(1) 技術領域 本發明係有關半導體晶圓的製造方法,尤其是有關具有 含應變之半導體結晶層之半導體晶圓的形成方法。 背景技術 使用表體S 1結晶的半導體裝置逐漸達到多功能性及快速 性,主要係因裝置的微細化。今後爲求提高裝置性能,仍 有必要促使裝置進一步的微細化,不過,隨裝置的微細化 而衍生出許多必須在技術上突破的課題。此外,縱使實施 裝置的微細化,卻因表體s丨結晶等材料所具備的物理特性 (如移動率)’造成裝置的最高性能受到限制。亦即,只要 疋使用表體S 1結晶等材料,就很難大幅提高裝置的性能。 因而近年來,嘗試改採表體以結晶以外的材料以圖提高 裝置特性。其中一種研究係利用矽與鍺的混晶(siGe)及 矽、鍺與碳的混晶(SiGeC)等移動率大於s丨的新材料。而 另外一種研究即是利用應變s i結晶,其係在s丨結晶上加進 應變的新要素,以圖減低稱之爲intevalley “⑽⑸叫的載 電子散射,以提鬲移動率的方式。這些方式,尤其是後者 的應變Si結晶,由於使用現有的^處理技術(如氧化及蝕 刻步驟的技術)可以直接對裝置實施加工,只需使表體si 結晶應變即可提高性能,因此受到工業上的矚目。 先前的此種應變Si結晶,係在包含應tSi結晶的si基板 上堆積厚的siGe結晶層,再於其上堆積8丨結晶製成。通 常,由於siGe結晶爲晶格常數大於Si的結晶,在使Si效人 在基板平面内之晶格的狀態下,使siGe結晶羞晶生長時, (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
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495845 A7 ____B7 五、發明說明(2) 請 先 閱 讀 背 之 注 意 事 項 再 填 寫 本 頁 在SiGe結晶内產生極大壓縮性的應變。因而,在$丨基板上 堆積超過一定膜厚(臨界膜厚)的siGe結晶時,在Si基板與 SiGe層之間產生轉位來鬆弛應變。以致SiGe層平面内的晶 格間隔大於S 1基板表面的晶格間隔。再於該SiGe結晶層上 磊晶堆積S i結晶層時,該S丨平面内的晶格間隔則與鬆弛後 之S i G e結晶的晶格間隔一致,比g丨本來的晶格常數大,所 以可以製成承受伸張應力的應變S i結晶層(以下將上述 SiGe結晶等引起晶格鬆弛,所形成之晶格間隔大於s丨基板 的結晶層,稱之爲鬆弛緩衝層)。 以下,使用圖式稍微詳細説明先前在基板上形成應變s i 結晶層的方法。 圖1爲使用先前方法形成應變S i結晶層的基板剖面圖。 形成該應變s i結晶層之基板的製造方法,係以CVD法, 使Si基板101上磊晶生長厚度超過臨界膜厚達數以上的 SiGe結晶層103。此時,在鬆弛SiGe結晶層1〇3之間產生轉 位1 02 ’ SiGe結晶層1 〇3的晶格鬆弛。其次,以c VD法,藉 由在SiGe結晶層103上堆積Si結晶,以形成應變Si結晶層 104 〇 解決之課題 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 社 印 製 但是,採用上述先前技術形成具有比臨界膜厚更厚之 SiGe結晶層103的鬆弛緩衝層時,會產生貫穿結晶層中的 重大瑕巍(貫穿轉位10 5 )。有時該貫穿轉位1 〇 5會深入應變 S i結晶層104中,是造成應變s i結晶層1 〇4中也形成瑕疵的 原因。而此種結晶層中的瑕疵則是影響裝置特性提高的原 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 495845 A7 五、發明說明(3) 因。 因此’多採用階段性或傾斜性改變咖結晶層⑻ G e含有率的構造,來 又 下馬減低貝牙轉位105之密度的構 仏,不過,欲降低轉位密度, 、人女方 時,總需要堆積數…上:4:二 率的同 制、主、、广 乂上相备厗的SiGe結晶。當然,在 ^孩厚㈣弛缓衝層時,需要長時間的結晶生長, 很難達到晶圓製造的低成本化。 姓曰 口此,先則很難將應變S i …曰曰貫際應用在半導體裝置的工業生產上。 發明的揭示 本發明之目的,在藉由提出一種減低結晶瑕疵 t緩衝層構造及製造方法,來製造具備應變Si層等^導 體晶圓,作爲半導體裝置的基板。 、 本發明的半導體晶圓具備:Si結晶構成基板;及社曰 2其係設置在上述基板上,且具有大於上述基板之曰;: 以的平面内晶格常數,上述結晶層的 Sic結晶分散的Si、GqC的結晶。 藉此,由於可將具有大於Si結晶構成基板之晶格常數之 平面内晶格常數的結晶層用作鬆弛緩衝層,因此,可以在 該鬆弛緩衝層上形成應變的Si結晶層。此外,此時所製造 的半導體晶圓也可以用作半導體裝置的基板。 、 此外,上述半導體晶圓中,藉由還具備設置在上述結晶 層上的應變S i結晶層,將該半導體晶圓用作半導體裝置的 基板時,由於應變Si結晶層内的載體移動率大於表體5妹 晶内的载體移動率,因此,可以製造出性能高於將表體= (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 二βτ· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 6 - 495845 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明(4) 結晶用作基板時的半導體裝置。 本發明第一種半導體晶圓的製造方法包含:堆積步驟 (a ),其係在S 1結晶構成基板上,至少一部分上堆積含有 S 1、G e及C的結晶層;及析出步驟(b ),其係將堆積有上 述結晶層的上述基板加以熱退火,使上述結晶層的晶格鬆 弛’在上述結晶層中析出Sic結晶。 藉由该方法,可以製造出一種半導體晶圓,其係將含有 S 1、G e及C的結晶層作爲鬆弛緩衝層,可以在該鬆弛缓衝 層上形成幾乎不轉位的應變s i結晶層。 尤其疋在上述的步驟(1))中,藉由將基板熱退火來析出 SiC ’可以抑制在鬆弛緩衝層的結晶層内產生貫穿轉位。 此外’由於鬆弛緩衝層厚度比先前所需數y m的厚度要 薄’因此’可以量產能夠形成應變s丨結晶層的半導體晶 圓。 上述第種半導體晶圓的製造方法,藉由還包含形成步 驟(c ) ’其係在含上述Sic結晶,經過熱退火後的上述結晶 層上’形成應變S i結晶層,可以製造出半導體晶圓,其具 備含有S 1、G e及C的鬆弛緩衝層;及應變s i結晶層。並藉 由將該半導體晶圓用作半導體裝置的基板,可以製成性能 南於以表體S i結晶用作基板的半導體裝置。 本發明第一種半導體晶圓的製造方法包含:堆積步驟 (a)’其係在S i結晶構成基板上,至少一邵分上堆積含有 S i、G e及C的結晶層;堆積步驟(b ),其係在上述結晶層 上堆積S i結晶層;及應變步驟(c ),其係將上述基板加以 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁). 裝---------訂--------- 贄 495845 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明(5) 熱退火,在上述結晶層中析出Sic結晶,使上述§丨結晶層 應變。 藉由忒方法,與上述第一種半導體晶圓的製造方法同樣 的可以製造出一種半導體晶圓,其具備含有81、〇^及〇的 鬆弛、’爰衝層,及應變S i結晶層。並藉由將該半導體晶圓用 作半導體裝置的基板,可以製成性能高於以表體s 土結晶用 作基板的半導體裝置。 圖式之簡要説明 Θ 1爲用於獲得應變S i結晶之先前基板構造的剖面圖。 圖2爲以本發明實施形態形成之具備應變s丨結晶層的半 導體晶圓剖面圖。 圖3 0)〜(d)爲本發明實施形態之半導體晶圓的製造步驟剖 面圖。 圖4爲本發明實施形態之半導體晶圓,其堆積在si基板 上後(SiGeC結晶與熱退火後之SiGeC結晶的χ射線繞射光 譜圖。 、圖5爲本發明提議之在鬆弛緩衝層上製成應變$丨結晶層 之S i基板的X射線繞射光譜圖。 圖6爲知本發明形成在。基板上之以以匸層加以熱退火後 的穿透型電子顯微鏡照相圖。 圖7爲將形成在基板上之SiGe結晶加以熱退火後的穿透 型電子顯微鏡照相圖。 最佳之實施形態 參照圖式説明本發明之最佳實施形態如下。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝----- 訂-------- 495845 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 A7 B7 五、發明說明(6) 圖2爲本實施形態之半導體晶圓的剖面圖。如該圖所 不’本發明實施形態的半導體晶圓包含:表體s丨結晶的s i 基板1 ·’退火SiGeC結晶層ι〇,其係形成在si基板1上,厚 度約130nm ; S i結晶層9,其係形成在退火siGec結晶層10 上,厚度約4nm ·,及應變S i結晶層4,其係形成在s丨結晶 層9上。 此外’退火SiGeC結晶層1〇包含:矩陣SiGeC結晶層7, 其係形成在S i基板1上;及Sic微結晶6,其係分散在矩陣 SiGeC結晶層7中,直徑約2-3nm。 此外’自矩陣SiGeC結晶層7内之S i基板1與矩陣siGeC結 晶層7的界面起2〇nm以内的區域内包含轉位及所發現的瑕 戚2 〇 本實施形態之晶圓的特徵爲將Sic微結晶6與矩陣SiGeC 結晶層7所構成的退火SiGeC結晶層10用作鬆弛緩衝層。 藉此,由於晶格鬆弛之矩陣SiGeC結晶層7的晶格常數大 於si的晶格常數,因此,縱使是厚度達13〇11111的鬆弛緩衝 層,也可以藉由在退火SiGeC結晶層1〇的上方生長si結晶 層9,來形成應變s i結晶層4。 此外,本實施形態之半導體晶圓上的轉位及所發現之結 晶的瑕疵2,係抑制在自退火8沿^結晶層1〇内之si基板工 與退火SiGeC結晶層1〇的界面起2〇nm以内的區域内,未發 現男牙轉位。其證據及本發明人所持的理由如後述。 因在退火SiGeC結晶層1〇中未發現貫穿轉位,可以使用 本實施形態之半導體晶圓製造可靠性高,且性能高的半導 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂--------- -9-
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495845 A7 Β7____ 五、發明說明(7)
體裝置°例如’可以製造場效電晶體等,其具有S i / SiGeC 異質構造’其係在應變S i結晶層4上設置閘極氧化膜及閘 極。 此外’本實施形態之S i結晶層9的厚度爲4nm,不過S i結 晶層9的厚度並無特別限制。此外,也可以不在退火siGeC 結晶層ίο上形成Si結晶層9,而直接在退火siGeC結晶層1〇 上形成應變S i結晶層4。或是,也可以在應變s丨結晶層4之 下及S 1結晶層9之上形成SiGe結晶及SiGeC結晶。 本貫施形態係説明具有應變S i結晶層4的晶圓,不過, 也可以提供用户一種未形成應變s丨結晶層4狀態的晶圓。 此外’本實施形態之半導體晶圓之siGeC結晶的組成如 後述的’分別爲Si爲68.3°/。,Ge爲30_5%,C爲1.2%,不 過,各原子的含有率並不限定於此。 此外’本實施形態之構成鬆弛緩衝層之退火SiGeC結晶 層1〇的厚度爲130nm,不過只要在基板表面沒有出現轉 位’退火SiGeC結晶層1〇的厚度只需要2〇ηιη即可。此外, 退火SiGeC結晶層1〇的厚度也可以在13〇ηιη以上。 其次,參照圖式説明本發明實施形態之半導體晶圓的製 造方法。圖3( a)〜(d )爲本發明實施形態之半導體晶圓的製 造步驟剖面圖。 首先’在圖3( a)所示的步驟中,按照如下的方式清洗 (00 1)面之S i基板1的表面。先以硫酸—過氧化氫水混合溶 液清洗S 1基板1的表面,除去s丨基板丨表面上的有機物及金 屬污染物質。其次,以氨—過氧化氫水溶液清洗s i基板i -10- 本紙張尺度it用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝---------訂--------- 495845
^面,除去Si基板1表面上的附著物。繼續使用氟化氫 酸α除s 1基板1表面上的自然氧化膜。再將s i基板i浸潰 在氨-過氧化氫水溶液中,在Si基板i的表面上形成薄的 保護氧化膜。 其/人,在圖3( b )所示的步驟中,將表面經過清洗的s i 板!放進超高眞空化學汽相生長裝置(刪-㈣裝置)内: 先將 UHV-CVD裝置内減壓至 2 6 χ 1〇_7pa(2 χ ι〇_9τ〇γγ)。其 次,在氫氣環境中,將Si基板丨加熱至8〇(rc的溫度,來除 去上述保護氧化膜,露出Si基板丨的潔淨表面。繼續,將 si基板1的溫度降低至49(rc,分別將“、Ge及c之原料氣 缸的乙矽烷(ShH6)氣體、鍺烷(以仏)氣體及甲基矽烷 (SiCH6)氣體分別導入UHV-CVD裝置内,在si基板}上磊 晶生長SiGeC結晶15分鐘,堆積厚度約13〇nn^SiGeC結晶 層8。而此時各氣體的壓力分別爲,Si2H6設定爲9lxi〇_3pa(7 X 10-5T〇rr)、GeH4設定爲 4·2 x 1〇-2pa(3 X 10-4T〇rr)、SiCH6 設定爲1.2\1〇-%(9\1〇-6丁0„)。之後,停止供應(}^4氣 骨豆與SiCH0氣體,暫時將基板溫度提高至55〇。〇,在3·2χ 10 2Pa(2.4 X 10 4Torr)的壓力下僅供應Si2l^氣體2分鐘,堆 積約4nm的Si結晶層9。該Si結晶層9具有保護膜的功能, 可防止G e及C原子流入爾後使用之清洗裝置等的處理裝置 内而污染到裝置。 本實施形態中’堆積在SiGeC結晶層8上之s i結晶層9的 厚度爲4nm,不過厚度比其厚或比其薄,均不致影響污染 的防止,有時因裝置的構造,也可以省略si結晶層9的堆 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
一tv \^ ^· n m I n ·1 n ^ ^ 1· eat emmtw n «ϋ —ϋ I 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495845 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(9 積。此外,也可以在Si結晶層9上堆積SiGe結晶及siGeC結 晶。 另外,本實施形態的結晶生長係使用UHV-CVD法,不過 也可以使用其他的LRP裝置及RT-CVD裝置等。 此外’本實施形態係使用(00丨)面之Si晶圓作爲基板, 不過也可以使用具有其他面方位的S i晶圓。 在説明下一個步驟之前,先説明SiGeC結晶生長之後的 結晶狀態。圖4爲在Si基板上生長之後的SiGeC結晶與熱退 火後之SiGeC結晶的xrd光譜圖。 在圖4的下端,爲圖3(b)所示步驟中,形成有SiGeC結晶 層8及Si結晶層9之基板的結晶XRD光譜。該光譜中,於 34·56度附近觀察出的峰値爲用作基板之Si(〇〇4)面繞射所 形成的峰値,34.06度附近的峰値則爲堆積在Si基板i上之 SiGeC結晶所形成的峰値。該SiGeC結晶係處於完全應變的 狀悲’亦即’與S i基板平行之各方向之siGeC結晶的晶格 常數與S i基板之晶格常數完全一致的狀態。從χ射線繞射 光譜的峰値角度,使用稱之爲維加德定律(Vegard則)之結 晶分析方法來估計結晶的組成時,可知其爲含有約3〇.5〇/〇 之Ge,及約ι·2%之C的SiGeC結晶。再者,詳細觀察圖4 下端的光譜時,可觀察出在34.06度附近之SiGeC結晶的峰 値附近有小峰値。該小峰値係因χ射線繞射影像所形成的 邊紋(fringe),顯示本實施形態所形成之Si(}eC結晶的結晶 性與平坦性非常良好。有關結晶性係以穿透型電子顯微鏡 (TEM)進行剖面觀察來確認,且在si基板1與堆積siGeC結 -12 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 χ 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝----- 訂--------- 495845 A7 _____ B7 五、發明說明(10) 晶層8的界面及SiGeC結晶層8中完全觀察不出有任何瑕戚 等。 其次,在圖3(c)所示的步驟中,自UHV_CVD裝置中取出 基板,並使用自素燈退火裝置或電爐退火裝置等,在氮氣 環境下進行熱退火。此時的熱退火係在1〇5〇χ:下進行15秒 鐘。 如後述的藉由该熱退火步驟,SiGeC結晶層8引起層析 出’並析出成SiC微結晶6及矩陣siGeC結晶層7。此外,如 後述的,同時引起晶格鬆弛,使矩陣siGeC結晶層7之平面 内的晶格常數大於S i基板1的晶格常數。藉此,於以後的 步驟中’於將S i結晶層堆積在退火siGeC結晶層1 〇上時, 可使S i結晶層應變,以形成應變s丨結晶層4。 此外,由於本實施形態係在1〇5(rc下將基板熱退火以析 出SiC微結晶6,因此,在退火SiGeC結晶層1〇中未發現貫 穿轉位。顯示使用本實施形態所製造之半導體晶圓可以製 造出可靠性高的半導體裝置。 另外,本實施形態係在105CTC下進行基板的熱退火,不 過也可以在SiC的析出溫度,亦即約95〇°c以上的條件下進 行熱退火。 此外’本實施形態係於堆積SiGeC結晶層8之後,暫時將 基板自結晶生長裝置中取出來進行熱退火,不過,未必一 定需要執行該步驟,也可以於堆積SiGeC結晶層8之後,於 結晶生長裝置内繼續進行熱退火處理。 另外,本實施形態係在以後的步驟中形成應變s丨結晶層 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂-------- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495845 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明(11) 4,不過也可以不如此進行,而製造具備si基板1及退火 SiGeC結晶層10之熱退火後的基板,作爲形成任意半導體 裝置用的基板。亦即,也可以提供用户一種未形成應變si 結晶層4狀態下,具備Si基板與SiC結晶分散之SiGeC結晶 層的晶圓。 在説明下一個步驟之前,先説明熱退火後的SiGeC結晶 狀態。 圖6爲顯示圖3 ( c )所示的步驟中,以tem觀察熱退火後 之基板剖面結果的TEM照相圖。參照該圖可知,在均勻分 佈之SiGeC結晶的部分析出出直徑約爲入3nm的Sic微結晶 6。該SiC微結晶6係因熱退火引起準穩定結晶之SiGeC結晶 的相析出,並析出成穩定結晶的SiC結晶及以以結晶而產 生。此時,推斷SiGeC結晶層8中絕大部分的c集中在Sic 微結晶6的邵分,其周圍部分則爲c含有率相當低的SiGeC 結晶(矩陣SiGeC結晶層7)。 另外,爲便於暸解,圖3(c)中顯示之SiC微結晶6的體積 比率比實際爲大,而實際上退火SiGeC結晶層1〇中之sic微 結晶6的體積比率相當小。 此外,詳細觀察圖6所示的TEM照片時,於矩陣siGeC^# 晶層7中’僅自Si基板1與退火SiGeC結晶層1〇之界面起約 2Onm以内的區域發現認爲是轉位的瑕戚2。但是,於矩陣 SiGeC結晶層7中’自Si基板1與退火SiGeC結晶層1〇之界面 起約20nm以外的區域,幾乎未發現瑕疵。通常,對於在 S i基板上僅堆積SiGe結晶者進行熱退火時,會發生大量的 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^----------------- 495845 A7 B7 五、發明說明(12) 貫穿轉位等。圖7爲對基板上形成有砂結晶進行熱退火 後的穿透土 %子顯微鏡照片圖,從該圖可知在熱退火後的 SiGe層中發生貫穿轉位。反之,以本實施例所製造之具備 SiGeC層的晶圓則完全不會發生此種瑕疵。 以下簡單考察不發生貫穿轉位等重大瑕疵的原因。sic 微結晶的晶格常數與包圍Sic微結晶,且c含有率低之 SiGeC結晶的晶格常數彼此差異甚大(推測約有2〇%)。因 而,在SiC微結晶與其周圍之c含有率低的以〇冗結晶之間 形成有以圖6所示之TEM照片幾乎無法判定的微少瑕疵。 因存在此種微少瑕疵,以致矩陣SiGeC結晶層7内的應變逐 漸鬆弛,由於不致發生貫穿轉位等重大瑕疵,因而整體進 行了晶格鬆弛。 測定熱退火步驟後之基板(參照圖3(c)h々χ射線繞射結果 爲圖4上知的光|晋。在3 3 · 9 5度上出現的峰値相當於以矩陣 S i G e C結晶層7的繞射峰値。使用該峰値角度與維加德定律 詳細分析時,可知在矩陣SiGeC結晶層7上引起鬆弛,矩陣 SiGeC結晶層7的面内晶格間隔比si晶格常數約大0.6%, 約爲0.5494nm。嚴格來説,該値僅爲矩陣SiGeC結晶層7的 値,並非含有SiC結晶之退火SiGeC結晶層10的晶格常數。 但是如上所述,由於SiC結晶的體積比率相當小,因此可 視爲與退火SiGeC結晶層1〇的晶格常數相等。 從以上所述可知本發明之具備Si基板與SiC結晶分散之 SiGeC結晶層的構造具有瑕疵少之鬆弛緩衝層的功能。此 外,如上所述,由於以本實施例製成之晶圓的結晶構造瑕 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
· I an ·ϋ ϋ i_l 一-口、I n n ·ϋ ϋ ϋ ·ϋ ϋ I 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495845 A7 B7 五、發明說明(13) 戚僅發生在矩陣SiGeC結晶層7内之自Si基板1與退火SiGeC 結晶層10之界面起2〇nm以内的區域,因此也知僅以比本實 施例還薄的堆積層即可製造出無貫穿轉位等瑕疵的晶圓。 其次,説明使用上述的鬆弛緩衝層來製造應變S i層。 在圖3(d)所示的步驟中,以圖3(a)所示的相同方法來清洗 具備S i基板1、退火siGeC結晶層10及Si結晶層9的基板表 面。其次,將基板放進UHV-CVD裝置内後,使潔淨的基板 表面露出。繼續將基板溫度設定在550°C,以3.2x 10_2Pa(2.4 X l(T4T〇rr)的壓力供應Si2H6氣體15分鐘,在Si結晶層9上 磊晶生長厚度約30nm的Si結晶層。 如後所述的,由於退火SiGeC結晶層1〇及Si結晶層9上的 平面内晶格常數大於S i基板1,因此,此處堆積之S i結晶 層的晶格常數也大於S i基板1,形成具有應變的應變s i結 晶層4。因而,利用以上的步驟可製造具備應變s丨結晶層 的半導體基板。 藉由使用具備該應變S i結晶層4的晶圓,可以製成比先 前使用S i結晶之半導體裝置更高性能的半導體裝置。例 如,可以製造場效電晶體等,其具有Si/SiGeC異質構造, 其係在應變S i結晶層4上設置閘極氧化膜及閘極。 此外,本發明實施形態之半導體晶圓的製造方法,由於 鬆弛缓衝層薄至13Onm,因此可以比先前方法大幅減低製 k所需時間及成本。因而可以量產具備應變S i結晶層4的 半導體晶圓。 此外,本實施形態係於Si基板1上堆積SiGeC結晶層8之 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
Bn n ϋ n n n 一 ον «ϋ ϋ ϋ m ϋ -ϋ I 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495845 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(14) 後,在堆積S i結晶層步驟之前進行熱退火,不過也可以在 SiGeC結晶層8上堆積Si結晶層之後進行熱退火。採用此種 方法也可以製造出具備應變S i結晶層4的半導體晶圓。 以下驗證以本實施形態製成之Si基板1上的退火SiGe(^* 晶層10及應變S i結晶層4的結晶狀態。 圖5爲具備退火SiGeC結晶層1〇與應變Si結晶層4之Si基 板1的X射線繞射光譜測定結果。從該圖中可知,圖上除 了 34.56度附近之S i基板1的繞射峰値與33.95度附近之鬆弛 SiGeC結晶(退火SiGeC結晶層10)的繞射峰値之外,在34.7 度附近這觀祭出既弱且寬的峰値。該3 4.7度附近的峰Γ値由 於係在具有大於S i基板1之平面内晶格常數的退火SiGeC結 晶層10上堆積S i結晶層,因此S i結晶層受到伸張應力而出 現應變的結果。若也使用維加德定律來分析時,即知應變 Si結晶層4的基板面内晶格間隔約爲〇·5458ηχη。因Si基板 1 (表體S i結晶)的晶格間隔爲〇 · 543 1 nm,因此,應變S i結 晶層4應變約0.5%。從以上結果可知,在Sic結晶分散的 SiGeC結晶層上堆積S i結晶,也可以製造應變$丨結晶。 利用在產業上的可行性 本發明可利用在具有Si/SiGeC異質構造,及具備應變Si 結晶的場效電晶體等上。 -17- 本纸張尺錢財@ _家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝
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Claims (1)

  1. 495845 A8 B8 C8 D8
    六、申請專利範圍 1 · 一種半導體晶圓,其具備: 包含S i結晶之基板;及 結晶層,其係設置在上述基板上,且具有大於上述基 板之晶格常數的平面内晶格常數; 上述結晶層的至少一邵分爲包含S i C結晶分散的§ i、 G e及C的結晶。 2.如申請專利範圍第丨項之半導體晶圓, 還具備應變S i結晶層,其係設置在上述結晶層上。 3· —種半導體晶圓的製造方法,其包含: 堆積步驟(a),其係在包含S丨結晶之基板上,至少一部 分上堆積含有Si、Ge及C的結晶層;及 析出步驟(b),其係將堆積有上述結晶層的上述基板加 以熱退火,使上述結晶層的晶格鬆弛,在上述結晶層中 析出SiC結晶。 4·如申請專利範圍第3項之半導體晶圓的製造方法, 還包含形成步驟(c),其係在含上述Sic結晶之退火後 的上述結晶層上形成應變s丨結晶層。 5 · —種半導體晶圓的製造方法,其包含: 堆積步驟:(a) ’其係在s i結晶構成基板上,至少一部分 上堆積含有Si、Ge及C的結晶層; 堆積步驟(b),其係在上述結晶層上堆積。結晶層;及 應變步驟(c) ’其係將上述基板加以熱退火,在上述結 晶層中析出SiC結晶,使上述s i結晶層產生應變。 -18 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂------- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
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